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Acute Hepatitis C as an Acute Cause of Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure in Alcohol-associated Liver Disease 急性丙型肝炎是酒精相关性肝病急性-慢性肝衰竭的急性病因之一
IF 3.3 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102423
Narendra S. Choudhary, Kunwar A. Singh, Swapnil Dhampalwar, Neeraj Saraf, Virendra Singh
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of NAFLD, MAFLD, and MASLD Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics in Asia Adults 亚洲成人非酒精性脂肪肝、酒精性脂肪肝和酒精性脂肪肝患病率与临床特征的比较
IF 3.3 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102420
Xinjuan Huang , Ruoling Yu , Xinyun Tan , Manjie Guo , Yuanqin Xia , Huihui Zou , Xuelian Liu , Chunxiang Qin

Background/Aims

The principal limitations of the term non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are the reliance on exclusionary confounder terms and the use of potentially stigmatizing language. Within three years, NAFLD went through two name changes, from NAFLD to metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, there is no Asian consensus statement on the renaming of MASLD, and evidence on the epidemiology and characteristics in the Asia population under different diagnostic criteria remain limited. This study aimed to fill these gaps by analyzing the prevalence and characteristics of MASLD, NAFLD, and MAFLD in an Asian population.

Methods

A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in regional China with participants from the health management database in 2017–2022. Demographic and laboratory metabolic profile and body composition data were obtained. Hepatic steatosis were diagnosed by ultrasound. The likelihood of having fibrosis was assessed using the NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS). Recently proposed criteria for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) were applied.

Results

A total of 20,226 subjects were included for final analysis. 7465 (36.91%) participants were categorized as MASLD patients, 10,726 (53.03%) participants were MAFLD, and 7333 (36.26%) participants were NAFLD. Compared with MAFLD, body composition of MASLD and NAFLD patients were obviously different. MASLD patients were older, had a higher body mass index and percentage of male gender, and had a higher ALT, diastolic blood pressure, triglyceride, and waist circumference but lower High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) than non-MASLD patients. Using binary regression analysis, we found for the first time that putative bone mass (OR = 4.62, 95CI% 3.12–6.83) is associated with the risk of developing MASLD. The area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) for predicting cardiovascular outcomes (CV) was 0.644 for MAFLD and 0.701 for MASLD.

Conclusion

MASLD (36.91%) prevalence was closed to NAFLD (36.26%) and lower than MAFLD (53.03%). Presumed bone mass might be the predictor of disease progression in MASLD patients. MASLD better identifies patients likely to have a higher risk of metabolic disorders or CV events.
背景/目的非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)一词的主要局限性在于依赖于排他性混杂因素术语和使用具有潜在侮辱性的语言。在三年内,非酒精性脂肪肝经历了两次更名,从非酒精性脂肪肝到代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪肝(MAFLD),再到代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪肝(MASLD)。然而,亚洲尚未就 MASLD 的重新命名达成共识,而且有关不同诊断标准下亚洲人群的流行病学和特征的证据仍然有限。本研究旨在通过分析亚洲人群中MASLD、NAFLD和MAFLD的患病率和特征来填补这些空白。方法在中国地区开展了一项回顾性横断面研究,参与者来自2017-2022年的健康管理数据库。获得了人口统计学、实验室代谢概况和身体成分数据。通过超声波诊断肝脏脂肪变性。采用非酒精性脂肪肝纤维化评分(NFS)评估肝纤维化的可能性。最近提出的代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪性肝病(MASLD)标准也被应用其中。7465人(36.91%)被归类为MASLD患者,10726人(53.03%)为MAFLD患者,7333人(36.26%)为NAFLD患者。与 MAFLD 相比,MASLD 和 NAFLD 患者的身体组成明显不同。与非MAFLD患者相比,MASLD患者年龄更大,体重指数和男性比例更高,谷丙转氨酶、舒张压、甘油三酯和腰围更高,但高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)更低。通过二元回归分析,我们首次发现推测骨量(OR = 4.62,95CI% 3.12-6.83)与罹患 MASLD 的风险有关。预测心血管后果(CV)的接收器操作曲线下面积(AUC)在 MAFLD 为 0.644,在 MASLD 为 0.701。推测骨量可能是MASLD患者疾病进展的预测因素。MASLD能更好地识别代谢紊乱或心血管事件风险较高的患者。
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引用次数: 0
Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplements for Sarcopenia in Liver Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis 支链氨基酸补充剂治疗肝硬化患者的 "肌少症":系统回顾和元分析
IF 3.3 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102417
Mohamed Abuelazm , Ahmed Fares , Mahmoud M. Elhady , Ahmed Mazen Amin , Ubaid Khan , Ibrahim Gowaily , Fouad Jaber

Background

Sarcopenia, a key aspect of malnutrition in liver cirrhosis (LC), affects 30–70% of LC patients. Given the inconsistent results from RCTs on branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) for treating sarcopenia in LC, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of BCAAs for sarcopenia management in LC patients.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizing evidence from RCTs obtained from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to April 2024. We used the fixed-effects model to report dichotomous outcomes using risk ratio (RR) and continuous outcomes using mean difference (MD), with a 95% confidence interval (CI). PROSPERO ID: CRD42024542761.

Results

Five RCTs with 434 patients were included. BCAAs were significantly associated with decreased liver frailty index change (MD: −0.14 with 95% CI [-0.28, −0.01], P = 0.03). However, there was no significant difference between BCAAs and the control group regarding hand grip strength change (MD: 0.98 with 95% CI [-0.45, 2.41], P = 0.18). Also, BCAAs were associated with increased body mass index (BMI) change (MD: 0.99 with 95% CI [0.16, 1.82], P = 0.02) and increased QoL (standardized mean difference : 0.27 with 95% CI [0.03, 0.52], P = 0.03). However, there was no significant difference between BCAAs and the control group in model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score change (MD: 0.65 with 95% CI [-1.20, 2.50], P = 0.49), skeletal muscle index change (MD: 0.21 with 95% CI [-0.23, 0.65], P = 0.35), and gait speed change (MD: 0.10 with 95% CI [-0.15, 0.34], P = 0.43).

Conclusion

BCAA supplementation in cirrhotic patients with sarcopenia reduced the liver frailty index, increased BMI and QoL, but did not affect handgrip strength, skeletal muscle index, gait speed, or MELD score. Outcome heterogeneity and study bias were noted, highlighting the need for further RCTs to confirm these results.
背景肌肉疏松症是肝硬化(LC)患者营养不良的一个重要方面,影响着 30%-70% 的肝硬化患者。鉴于支链氨基酸(BCAAs)治疗 LC 肌肉疏松症的 RCT 结果不一致,我们进行了一项系统综述和荟萃分析,以评估 BCAAs 治疗 LC 患者肌肉疏松症的有效性和安全性。我们采用固定效应模型,以风险比(RR)报告二分结果,以平均差(MD)报告连续结果,并给出95%置信区间(CI)。PROSPERO ID:CRD42024542761.结果共纳入了五项研究,434 名患者。BCAAs 与肝脏虚弱指数变化的降低有明显相关性(MD:-0.14,95% CI [-0.28,-0.01],P = 0.03)。然而,BCAAs 和对照组在手握力变化方面没有明显差异(MD:0.98,95% CI [-0.45,2.41],P = 0.18)。此外,BCAAs 与体重指数(BMI)变化的增加(MD:0.99,95% CI [0.16,1.82],P = 0.02)和 QoL 的增加(标准化平均差异:0.27,95% CI [0.03,0.52],P = 0.03)有关。然而,在终末期肝病模型(MELD)评分变化(MD:0.65,95% CI [-1.20, 2.50],P = 0.49)、骨骼肌指数变化(MD:0.21,95% CI [-0.23, 0.65],P = 0.35)和步速变化方面,BCAAs 组与对照组没有明显差异。结论肝硬化肌肉疏松症患者补充 BCAA 可降低肝脏虚弱指数,增加体重指数和生活质量,但不会影响手握力、骨骼肌指数、步速或 MELD 评分。研究结果存在异质性和研究偏倚,因此需要进一步开展研究性试验来证实这些结果。
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引用次数: 0
An Innovative Approach to Assessing the Psychosocial Impacts on Liver Transplant Recipients: The Prediction-by-correspondence Analysis 评估肝移植受者社会心理影响的创新方法:逐项预测分析法
IF 3.3 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102418
Se-Kang Kim , Rachel A. Annunziato

Background

Innovative analytic techniques are applied to the psychological functioning of liver transplant (LT) recipients to comprehend its effect on post-transplant survival, hypothesizing that adherence will be predicted by psychosocial functioning.

Methods

The psychosocial functioning of 248 LT recipients (88 females) aged 19 to 74 is assessed using the Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for Transplantation (SIPAT). In addition, the Medication Level Variability Index (MLVI) and biopsy-proven rejection are utilized to evaluate successful adherence. The Z-scores of the SIPAT scores are used to transform them into an ordinal variable with excellent, good, minimally acceptable, and poor categories. We employ a modified version of correspondence analysis to predict the binary MLVI and rejection, which signify either success or failure in adherence, using ordinal MLVI categories as predictors.

Results

The excellent SIPAT category for LT beneficiaries was strongly related to adherence, whereas the minimally acceptable SIPAT was strongly related with failure in adherence. Females, ages 19–50, and ages 67–74 were associated with adherence (r = 0.49–1.00), whereas males and ages 56–60 were associated with failure in adherence (r = 0.43–0.91)

Conclusion

The clinical implications and utility of the novel analytic approaches introduced in the study are discussed.
背景对肝移植(LT)受者的心理功能采用了创新的分析技术,以了解其对移植后存活率的影响,并假设社会心理功能可预测依从性。此外,还使用药物水平变异指数(MLVI)和活组织检查证实的排斥反应来评估成功的依从性。我们使用 SIPAT 分数的 Z 值将其转化为一个序数变量,分为优、良、可接受和差四个等级。我们采用改良版的对应分析法,以序数 MLVI 类别为预测因子,预测二元 MLVI 和拒绝(表示坚持治疗的成功或失败)。结果LT 受益人的 SIPAT 优秀类别与坚持治疗密切相关,而 SIPAT 最低可接受类别与坚持治疗失败密切相关。女性、19-50 岁和 67-74 岁与依从性相关(r = 0.49-1.00),而男性和 56-60 岁与依从性失败相关(r = 0.43-0.91)。 结论讨论了本研究中引入的新分析方法的临床意义和实用性。
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引用次数: 0
“Parvovirus B19–related Acute Hepatitis: Clinical Spectrum and Outcome in Children” "Parvovirus B19 相关急性肝炎:儿童的临床表现和预后"
IF 3.3 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102416
Arghya Samanta , Anshu Srivastava , Sangram S. Patel , Moinak Sen Sarma , Ujjal Poddar , Prabhakar Mishra

Background/Aims

Acute liver injury is a common manifestation of parvovirus B19 (PVB19) infection in immunocompromised patients. However, literature in immunocompetent children is scarce. We aimed to study the clinicolaboratory features and outcome of hepatic involvement by PVB19 infection in hospitalized children.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed our prospectively kept database of all children (<18 years old) admitted with acute viral hepatitis (AVH), acute liver failure (ALF) or acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), and PVB19 infection between January 2010 and December 2023. Clinical features, laboratory parameters, and complications were evaluated. Poor outcome was defined as death or liver transplantation.

Results

A total of 35 children (19 boys [54%], median age: 7.25 [interquartile range: 4–10.8] years) with PVB19-related hepatitis were studied (28 [80%] isolated PVB19 infection and 7 [20%] coinfections [3 with Epstein–Barr virus, 2 with hepatitis A, and 1 each with hepatitis-E and cytomegalovirus]). AVH (17, 49%) was the most common presentation, followed by ALF (13, 37%) and acute insult in ACLF (5, 14%). Patients with coinfection had significantly higher bilirubin (14.6 [9.4–21.5] vs 6.8 [4.3–10.9] mg/dl; P=0.004) and transaminases (ALT: 697 [428–1296] vs. 277 [157–478] U/L; P=0.02) but similar mortality (1/7 vs 6/23; P=1.0) than PVB19 alone. Nine cases (25.7%) had extrahepatic complications (hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis [HLH]: 3, acute kidney injury: 3, aplastic anemia: 2, and myocarditis: 1). Poor outcome occurred in 38% (5/13) ALF, 11.7% (2/17) AVH (HLH: 1, myocarditis: 1), and none (0/5) of the ACLF cases.

Conclusion

PVB19 should be considered in children presenting with indeterminate acute liver injury, especially in younger children or those with complications such as aplastic anemia, HLH, or myocarditis.
背景/目的急性肝损伤是免疫功能低下患者感染 parvovirus B19 (PVB19) 后的常见表现。然而,有关免疫功能正常儿童的文献却很少。我们对 2010 年 1 月至 2023 年 12 月期间因急性病毒性肝炎(AVH)、急性肝功能衰竭(ALF)或急性慢性肝功能衰竭(ACLF)和 PVB19 感染入院的所有儿童(18 岁)的前瞻性数据库进行了回顾性分析。对临床特征、实验室参数和并发症进行了评估。结果 共研究了 35 名患有 PVB19 相关肝炎的儿童(19 名男孩 [54%],中位年龄:7.25 [四分位距:4-10.8] 岁)(28 名 [80%] 单独感染 PVB19,7 名 [20%] 合并感染 [3 名感染 Epstein-Barr 病毒,2 名感染甲型肝炎,1 名感染戊型肝炎和巨细胞病毒])。最常见的表现是 AVH(17 例,占 49%),其次是 ALF(13 例,占 37%)和 ACLF 中的急性损伤(5 例,占 14%)。合并感染的患者胆红素(14.6 [9.4-21.5] vs 6.8 [4.3-10.9] mg/dl;P=0.004)和转氨酶(ALT:697 [428-1296] vs 277 [157-478] U/L;P=0.02)明显高于单独感染 PVB19 的患者,但死亡率相似(1/7 vs 6/23;P=1.0)。九例患者(25.7%)出现肝外并发症(嗜血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增多症[HLH]:3例,急性肾损伤3例,再生障碍性贫血:2例,心肌炎:1例)。38%的ALF病例(5/13)、11.7%的AVH病例(2/17)(HLH:1例,心肌炎:1例)以及无ACLF病例(0/5)出现不良预后。
{"title":"“Parvovirus B19–related Acute Hepatitis: Clinical Spectrum and Outcome in Children”","authors":"Arghya Samanta ,&nbsp;Anshu Srivastava ,&nbsp;Sangram S. Patel ,&nbsp;Moinak Sen Sarma ,&nbsp;Ujjal Poddar ,&nbsp;Prabhakar Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Aims</h3><div>Acute liver injury is a common manifestation of parvovirus B19 (PVB19) infection in immunocompromised patients. However, literature in immunocompetent children is scarce. We aimed to study the clinicolaboratory features and outcome of hepatic involvement by PVB19 infection in hospitalized children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analyzed our prospectively kept database of all children (&lt;18 years old) admitted with acute viral hepatitis (AVH), acute liver failure (ALF) or acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), and PVB19 infection between January 2010 and December 2023. Clinical features, laboratory parameters, and complications were evaluated. Poor outcome was defined as death or liver transplantation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 35 children (19 boys [54%], median age: 7.25 [interquartile range: 4–10.8] years) with PVB19-related hepatitis were studied (28 [80%] isolated PVB19 infection and 7 [20%] coinfections [3 with Epstein–Barr virus, 2 with hepatitis A, and 1 each with hepatitis-E and cytomegalovirus]). AVH (17, 49%) was the most common presentation, followed by ALF (13, 37%) and acute insult in ACLF (5, 14%). Patients with coinfection had significantly higher bilirubin (14.6 [9.4–21.5] vs 6.8 [4.3–10.9] mg/dl; <em>P</em>=0.004) and transaminases (ALT: 697 [428–1296] vs. 277 [157–478] U/L; <em>P</em>=0.02) but similar mortality (1/7 vs 6/23; <em>P</em>=1.0) than PVB19 alone. Nine cases (25.7%) had extrahepatic complications (hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis [HLH]: 3, acute kidney injury: 3, aplastic anemia: 2, and myocarditis: 1). Poor outcome occurred in 38% (5/13) ALF, 11.7% (2/17) AVH (HLH: 1, myocarditis: 1), and none (0/5) of the ACLF cases.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PVB19 should be considered in children presenting with indeterminate acute liver injury, especially in younger children or those with complications such as aplastic anemia, HLH, or myocarditis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"Article 102416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Molecular Diagnosis and Perspectives for Therapy 肝细胞癌:分子诊断与治疗展望
IF 3.3 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102413
Madhumita Premkumar, Yogesh Chawla
{"title":"Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Molecular Diagnosis and Perspectives for Therapy","authors":"Madhumita Premkumar,&nbsp;Yogesh Chawla","doi":"10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102413","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"14 6","pages":"Article 102413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Risk Stratification of Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Steatohepatitis, Fibrosis, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma 代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪性肝病患者的风险分层:脂肪性肝炎、纤维化和肝细胞癌
IF 3.3 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102415
Mohamed El-Kassas , Heba A. Othman , Mohamed Elbadry , Khalid Alswat , Yusuf Yilmaz
The metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is increasing globally, creating a growing public health concern. Metabolic disorders such as central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia are intimately related to MASLD. Advanced hepatic fibrosis is the main predictor of morbidity, liver-related complications, and deaths. Various noninvasive scoring systems are used to practice acceptable general population screening and diagnose patients with MASLD. Unfortunately, as of right now, no single diagnostic test is thought to be reliable enough to diagnose and monitor MASLD patients. Liver biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosing metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) (with or without fibrosis), impacting the prognosis and survival of patients with MASLD.
Moreover, it is anticipated that MASLD is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, and several risk factors for MASLD occurrence are also linked to the development of HCC. Identifying patients with a risk of developing MASH, fibrosis, and HCC is more challenging; there is limited evidence on utilizing available noninvasive methods for these purposes. This review discusses the tools and steps of risk stratification in MASLD patients, providing data to guide the utilization of various diagnostic and scoring tools, focusing on the latest techniques to non-invasively detect patients at risk of developing MASH, fibrosis, and HCC.
代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪性肝病(MASLD),以前被称为非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD),在全球范围内呈上升趋势,引起了越来越多的公众健康关注。中心性肥胖、血脂异常、高血压和高血糖等代谢紊乱与脂肪肝密切相关。晚期肝纤维化是发病、肝脏相关并发症和死亡的主要预测因素。各种无创评分系统被用于对普通人群进行可接受的筛查和诊断 MASLD 患者。遗憾的是,到目前为止,还没有一种诊断测试被认为足以可靠地诊断和监测 MASLD 患者。肝活检仍是诊断代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪性肝炎(MASH)(伴有或不伴有纤维化)的金标准,影响着MASLD患者的预后和生存。鉴别有患 MASH、肝纤维化和 HCC 风险的患者更具挑战性;利用现有非侵入性方法达到这些目的的证据有限。本综述讨论了对 MASLD 患者进行风险分层的工具和步骤,提供了指导使用各种诊断和评分工具的数据,重点介绍了无创检测有罹患 MASH、纤维化和 HCC 风险的患者的最新技术。
{"title":"Risk Stratification of Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Steatohepatitis, Fibrosis, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma","authors":"Mohamed El-Kassas ,&nbsp;Heba A. Othman ,&nbsp;Mohamed Elbadry ,&nbsp;Khalid Alswat ,&nbsp;Yusuf Yilmaz","doi":"10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is increasing globally, creating a growing public health concern. Metabolic disorders such as central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia are intimately related to MASLD. Advanced hepatic fibrosis is the main predictor of morbidity, liver-related complications, and deaths. Various noninvasive scoring systems are used to practice acceptable general population screening and diagnose patients with MASLD. Unfortunately, as of right now, no single diagnostic test is thought to be reliable enough to diagnose and monitor MASLD patients. Liver biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosing metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) (with or without fibrosis), impacting the prognosis and survival of patients with MASLD.</div><div>Moreover, it is anticipated that MASLD is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, and several risk factors for MASLD occurrence are also linked to the development of HCC. Identifying patients with a risk of developing MASH, fibrosis, and HCC is more challenging; there is limited evidence on utilizing available noninvasive methods for these purposes. This review discusses the tools and steps of risk stratification in MASLD patients, providing data to guide the utilization of various diagnostic and scoring tools, focusing on the latest techniques to non-invasively detect patients at risk of developing MASH, fibrosis, and HCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15479,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"Article 102415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142419488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparison of Vascular Complications Between Living-donor and Deceased-donor Liver Transplantation – A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis 活体肝移植与死体肝移植血管并发症的比较 - 系统回顾与 Meta 分析
IF 3.3 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102414
Suprabhat Giri , Sarat Chandra Panigrahi , Vedavyas Mohapatra , Preetam Nath , Saroj K. Sahu , Bipadabhanjan Mallick , Dibya L. Praharaj , Anil C. Anand

Background

Vascular complications commonly cause graft loss and morbidity after liver transplantation (LT). Comparative data on the risk of vascular complications are limited. Hence, the present meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the difference in vascular complications between living-donor LT (LDLT) and deceased-donor LT (DDLT).

Methods

A literature search of three databases was conducted for studies comparing the incidence of vascular complications with LDLT and DDLT. The event rates and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model.

Results

A total of 20 studies were included in the final analysis. There was no difference in the incidence of overall vascular complications (9.3%, 95% CI: 6.6–12.0 vs. 8.5%, 95% CI: 5.6–11.4) between LDLT and DDLT with OR 0.94 (95% CI: 0.73–1.21) (15 studies).There was a higher incidence of vascular complications with LDLT in older studies (published before 2013) but not in new studies. When comparing the individual complications, LDLT was associated with a higher incidence of hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) (3.8%, 95% CI: 2.4–5.2 vs. 1.6%, 95% CI: 1.1–2.2)with OR 2.20 (95% CI: 1.53–3.17) (14 studies)and a significantly lower incidence of intra-abdominal bleeding(4.8%, 95% CI: 3.3–6.2 vs. 7.9%, 95% CI: 5.0–10.7) with OR 0.64 (95% CI: 0.47–0.87) (11 studies). However, there was no difference in the incidence (2.1%, 95% CI: 0.5–3.8 vs. 1.0%, 95% CI: 0.1–1.9) of portal vein thrombosis between LDLT and DDLT with OR 1.85 (95% CI: 0.82–4.18) (6 studies).

Conclusion

Despite a comparable risk of vascular complications between LDLT and DDLT, LDLT was associated with a higher risk of HAT and a lower risk of intraprocedural bleeding. Further studies are required to analyze the effect of donor-recipient characteristics and surgical techniques on the risk of vascular complications.
背景肝移植(LT)后,血管并发症通常会导致移植物丢失和发病。有关血管并发症风险的比较数据十分有限。因此,本荟萃分析旨在分析活体供体肝移植(LDLT)与死体供体肝移植(DDLT)在血管并发症方面的差异。方法检索三个数据库中的文献,比较活体供体肝移植与死体供体肝移植的血管并发症发生率。采用随机效应模型计算了事件发生率和几率比(OR)以及 95% 的置信区间(CI)。LDLT 和 DDLT 的总体血管并发症发生率没有差异(9.3%,95% CI:6.6-12.0 vs. 8.5%,95% CI:5.6-11.4),OR 为 0.94(95% CI:0.73-1.21)(15 项研究)。在比较单个并发症时,LDLT与肝动脉血栓形成(HAT)发生率较高(3.8%,95% CI:2.4-5.2 vs. 1.6%,95% CI:1.1-2.2)相关,OR值为2.20(95% CI:1.腹腔内出血的发生率明显降低(4.8%,95% CI:3.3-6.2 vs. 7.9%,95% CI:5.0-10.7),OR 为 0.64(95% CI:0.47-0.87)(11 项研究)。尽管 LDLT 和 DDLT 的血管并发症风险相当,但 LDLT 与较高的 HAT 风险和较低的术中出血风险相关。需要进一步研究分析供体-受体特征和手术技术对血管并发症风险的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Complex Reconstruction of Right-Lobe Grafts on the Bench: Portal Vein, Anterior Sector Hepatic Veins, Inferior Hepatic Veins and Multiple Bile Ducts 工作台上右叶移植物的复杂重建:门静脉、肝前区静脉、肝下静脉和多条胆管
IF 3.3 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102411
Ankur A. Gupta, Arvinder S. Soin
Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) employing right-lobe (RL) grafts has become indispensable amid limited deceased donor graft availability. RL grafts, while smaller, offer outcomes comparable with deceased donor grafts, prompting a surge in global RL LDLT. However, bench surgery in LDLT requires meticulous preparation to minimize warm ischaemia time and ensure optimal inflow and outflow reconstruction. This review combines an analysis of existing literature with a discussion of our technique, emphasizing the intricacies of RL graft bench reconstruction.
由于死亡供体的可用性有限,采用右叶(RL)移植物的活体肝移植(LDLT)已变得不可或缺。右叶移植物虽然体积较小,但却能提供与死亡供体移植物相媲美的疗效,这促使全球右叶肝移植手术激增。然而,LDLT 的台式手术需要精心准备,以最大限度地减少温缺血时间,并确保最佳的流入和流出重建。这篇综述结合了对现有文献的分析和对我们技术的讨论,强调了 RL 移植物台式重建的复杂性。
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引用次数: 0
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Hepatology: Indications, Techniques, and Practical Application 肝病学中的治疗性血浆置换:适应症、技术和实际应用
IF 3.3 Q2 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102410
Dhiraj Agrawal , Kishore K. Ariga , Subhash Gupta , Sanjiv Saigal
It is sobering that many liver failure patients die in the absence of liver transplantation (LT), and reducing its morbidity and mortality urgently needs more non-transplant treatment options. Among the several artificial liver support devices available, therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is the only one that improves survival in acute liver failure (ALF) patients. In many other disorders, data on survival benefits and successful bridging to transplant is encouraging. TPE removes the entire plasma, including damage-associated-molecular patterns, and replaces it with healthy donor fresh frozen plasma. In contrast, other artificial liver support systems (ALSS) correct the blood composition through dialysis techniques. TPE has become increasingly popular due to advances in apheresis techniques and a better understanding of its applicability in treating liver failure's pathophysiology. It provides metabolicdetoxification, and synthetic functions and modulates early innate immunity, fulfilling the role of ALSS. TPE is readily available in intensive care units, dialysis units, or blood banks and has enormous potential to improve survival outcomes. Hepatologists must take advantage of this treatment option by thoroughly understanding its most frequent indications and its rationale and techniques. This primer on TPE for liver clinicians covers its current clinical, technical, and practical applications, addresses the knowledge gaps, and provides future directions.
令人痛心的是,许多肝衰竭患者在没有进行肝移植的情况下死亡,降低肝衰竭的发病率和死亡率迫切需要更多的非移植治疗方案。在现有的几种人工肝支持设备中,治疗性血浆置换(TPE)是唯一一种能提高急性肝衰竭(ALF)患者存活率的设备。在许多其他疾病中,有关存活率和成功过渡到移植的数据令人鼓舞。TPE 清除了整个血浆,包括损伤相关的分子模式,并用健康捐献者的新鲜冷冻血浆取而代之。相比之下,其他人工肝支持系统(ALSS)通过透析技术纠正血液成分。由于无细胞疗法技术的进步,以及对其在治疗肝衰竭病理生理学方面的适用性有了更好的了解,TPE 变得越来越受欢迎。它具有代谢、解毒和合成功能,并能调节早期先天性免疫,发挥 ALSS 的作用。TPE 可在重症监护室、透析室或血库中随时获得,在改善生存结果方面具有巨大潜力。肝病医生必须彻底了解其最常见的适应症及其原理和技术,从而充分利用这种治疗方法。这本为肝脏临床医生编写的 TPE 入门指南涵盖了当前的临床、技术和实际应用,解决了知识空白,并提供了未来的发展方向。
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Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
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