Pub Date : 2021-08-13DOI: 10.33961/jecst.2021.00535
Haeyoung Choi, Y. Bae, Sang-Min Lee, Y. Ha, H. Shin, Byung Gon Kim
ANODE-free Li-metal batteries (AFLMBs) operating with Li of cathode material have attracted enormous attention due to their exceptional energy density originating from anode-free structure in the confined cell volume. However, uncontrolled dendritic growth of lithium on a copper current collector can limit its practical application as it causes fatal issues for stable cycling such as dead Li formation, unstable solid electrolyte interphase, electrolyte exhaustion, and internal short-circuit. To overcome this limitation, here, we report a novel dual-salt electrolyte comprising of 0.2 M LiPF 6 + 3.8 M lithium bis(flu-orosulfonyl)imide in a carbonate/ester co-solvent with 5 wt% fluoroethylene carbonate, 2 wt% vinylene carbonate, and 0.2 wt% LiNO 3 additives. Because the dual-salt electrolyte facilitates uniform/dense Li deposition on the current collector and can form robust/ionic conductive LiF-based SEI layer on the deposited Li, a Li/Li symmetrical cell exhibits improved cycling performance and low polarization for over 200 h operation. Furthermore, the anode-free LiFePO 4 /Cu cells in the carbonate electrolyte shows significantly enhanced cycling stability compared to the counterparts consisting of different salt ratios. This study shows an importance of electrolyte design guiding uniform Li deposition and forming stable SEI layer for AFLMBs.
{"title":"A LiPF6-LiFSI Blended-Salt Electrolyte System for Improved Electrochemical Performance of Anode-Free Batteries","authors":"Haeyoung Choi, Y. Bae, Sang-Min Lee, Y. Ha, H. Shin, Byung Gon Kim","doi":"10.33961/jecst.2021.00535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33961/jecst.2021.00535","url":null,"abstract":"ANODE-free Li-metal batteries (AFLMBs) operating with Li of cathode material have attracted enormous attention due to their exceptional energy density originating from anode-free structure in the confined cell volume. However, uncontrolled dendritic growth of lithium on a copper current collector can limit its practical application as it causes fatal issues for stable cycling such as dead Li formation, unstable solid electrolyte interphase, electrolyte exhaustion, and internal short-circuit. To overcome this limitation, here, we report a novel dual-salt electrolyte comprising of 0.2 M LiPF 6 + 3.8 M lithium bis(flu-orosulfonyl)imide in a carbonate/ester co-solvent with 5 wt% fluoroethylene carbonate, 2 wt% vinylene carbonate, and 0.2 wt% LiNO 3 additives. Because the dual-salt electrolyte facilitates uniform/dense Li deposition on the current collector and can form robust/ionic conductive LiF-based SEI layer on the deposited Li, a Li/Li symmetrical cell exhibits improved cycling performance and low polarization for over 200 h operation. Furthermore, the anode-free LiFePO 4 /Cu cells in the carbonate electrolyte shows significantly enhanced cycling stability compared to the counterparts consisting of different salt ratios. This study shows an importance of electrolyte design guiding uniform Li deposition and forming stable SEI layer for AFLMBs.","PeriodicalId":15542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of electrochemical science and technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41448261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-19DOI: 10.33961/JECST.2021.00577
A. Tron, J. Mun
Owing to the rising concern of global warming, lithium-ion batteries have gained immense attention over the past few years for the development of highly efficient electrochemical energy conversion and storage systems. In this study, alpha-phase VOPO 4 ·2H 2 O with nanosheet morphology was prepared via a facile hydrothermal method for application in high-perfor-mance lithium-ion batteries. The X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses indicated that the obtained sample had an alpha-2 (αII) phase, and the nanosheet morphology of the sample was confirmed using SEM. The lithium-ion battery with VOPO 4 ·2H 2 O as the anode exhibited excellent long-term cycle life and a high capacity of 256.7 mAh g -1 at room temperature. Prelithiation effectively improved the specific capacity of pristine VOPO 4 ·2H 2 O. The underlying electrochemical mechanisms were investigated by carrying out AC impedance, rate capability, and other instru-mental analyses.
{"title":"Prelithiation of Alpha Phase Nanosheet-Type VOPO4·2H2O Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"A. Tron, J. Mun","doi":"10.33961/JECST.2021.00577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33961/JECST.2021.00577","url":null,"abstract":"Owing to the rising concern of global warming, lithium-ion batteries have gained immense attention over the past few years for the development of highly efficient electrochemical energy conversion and storage systems. In this study, alpha-phase VOPO 4 ·2H 2 O with nanosheet morphology was prepared via a facile hydrothermal method for application in high-perfor-mance lithium-ion batteries. The X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses indicated that the obtained sample had an alpha-2 (αII) phase, and the nanosheet morphology of the sample was confirmed using SEM. The lithium-ion battery with VOPO 4 ·2H 2 O as the anode exhibited excellent long-term cycle life and a high capacity of 256.7 mAh g -1 at room temperature. Prelithiation effectively improved the specific capacity of pristine VOPO 4 ·2H 2 O. The underlying electrochemical mechanisms were investigated by carrying out AC impedance, rate capability, and other instru-mental analyses.","PeriodicalId":15542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of electrochemical science and technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44298068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.33961/JECST.2021.00136
Anafi Nur’aini, Seokwon Lee, I. Oh
Metal halide perovskites are promising photovoltaic materials, but they still have some issues that need to be solved. Hysteresis is a phenomenon that strongly is correlated with ion migration; thus, a fast, easy, and low-temperature method for measuring ion migration is required. Through selective blocking, ion migration can be measured separately, apart from electron migration. In this study, ion migration in metal halide perovskites was measured using a vertical device. At different temperatures, ionic activation energies were obtained for a range of perovskite compositions such as MAPbI 3 , FAPbI 3 , CsPbI 3 , and MAPbBr 3 . By comparing the measured ionic activation energies with the theoretical values, we conclude that among other possibilities, I - is the migrating ion in MAPbI 3 , FAPbI 3 , CsPbI 3, and Br - is the migrating in MAPbBr 3 .
{"title":"Ion Migration in Metal Halide Perovskites","authors":"Anafi Nur’aini, Seokwon Lee, I. Oh","doi":"10.33961/JECST.2021.00136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33961/JECST.2021.00136","url":null,"abstract":"Metal halide perovskites are promising photovoltaic materials, but they still have some issues that need to be solved. Hysteresis is a phenomenon that strongly is correlated with ion migration; thus, a fast, easy, and low-temperature method for measuring ion migration is required. Through selective blocking, ion migration can be measured separately, apart from electron migration. In this study, ion migration in metal halide perovskites was measured using a vertical device. At different temperatures, ionic activation energies were obtained for a range of perovskite compositions such as MAPbI 3 , FAPbI 3 , CsPbI 3 , and MAPbBr 3 . By comparing the measured ionic activation energies with the theoretical values, we conclude that among other possibilities, I - is the migrating ion in MAPbI 3 , FAPbI 3 , CsPbI 3, and Br - is the migrating in MAPbBr 3 .","PeriodicalId":15542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of electrochemical science and technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43352620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-08DOI: 10.33961/JECST.2021.00493
M. Seong, S. Manivannan, Kyuwon Kim, Taeeun Yim
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are one of attractive energy conversion and storage system based on high theoretical specific capacity and energy density with low costs. However, volatile nature of elemental sulfur is one of critical problem for their practical acceptance in industry because it considerably affects electrode uniformity during electrode manufacturing. In this work, polymeric sulfur composite consisting of ionic liquid (IL) are suggested to reduce volatility nature of elemental sulfur, resulting in better processibility of the Li-S cell. According to systematic spectroscopic analysis, it is found that polymeric sulfur is consisting of repeating units combining with elemental sulfur and volatility of them is negligible even at high temperature. In addition, the IL-embedded polymeric sulfur shows moderate cycle performance compared to the cell with elemental sulfur. From these results, it is found that the IL-embedded polymeric sulfur composite is applicable cathode candidate for the Li-S cell based on their excellent non-volatility as well as their superior electrochemical performance.
{"title":"Ionic-additive Crosslinked Polymeric Sulfur Composites as Cathode Materials for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries","authors":"M. Seong, S. Manivannan, Kyuwon Kim, Taeeun Yim","doi":"10.33961/JECST.2021.00493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33961/JECST.2021.00493","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are one of attractive energy conversion and storage system based on high theoretical specific capacity and energy density with low costs. However, volatile nature of elemental sulfur is one of critical problem for their practical acceptance in industry because it considerably affects electrode uniformity during electrode manufacturing. In this work, polymeric sulfur composite consisting of ionic liquid (IL) are suggested to reduce volatility nature of elemental sulfur, resulting in better processibility of the Li-S cell. According to systematic spectroscopic analysis, it is found that polymeric sulfur is consisting of repeating units combining with elemental sulfur and volatility of them is negligible even at high temperature. In addition, the IL-embedded polymeric sulfur shows moderate cycle performance compared to the cell with elemental sulfur. From these results, it is found that the IL-embedded polymeric sulfur composite is applicable cathode candidate for the Li-S cell based on their excellent non-volatility as well as their superior electrochemical performance.","PeriodicalId":15542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of electrochemical science and technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43773735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-08DOI: 10.33961/JECST.2020.01473
Guoxu Zheng, Jinghua Yin, Ziqiang Guo, Shi-Qi Tian, Xu Yang
Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) is a kind of rechargeable secondary battery, developed from lithium battery, lithium ions move between the positive and negative electrodes to realize the charging and discharging of external circuits. Zeolitic imidaz-olate frameworks (ZIFs) are porous crystalline materials in which organic imidazole esters are cross-linked to transition metals to form a framework structure. In this article, ZIF-67 is used as a sacrificial template to prepare nano porous carbon (NPC) coated cobalt nanoparticles. The final product Co/NPC composites with complete structure, regular morphology and uniform size were obtained by this method. The conductive network of cobalt and nitrogen doped carbon can shorten the lithium ion transport path and present high conductivity. In addition, amorphous carbon has more pores that can be fully in contact with the electrolyte during charging and discharging. At the same time, it also reduces the volume expansion during the cycle and slows down the rate of capacity attenuation caused by structure collapse. Co/NPC composites first discharge specific capacity up to 3115 mA h/g, under the current density of 200 mA/g, circular 200 reversible capacity as high as 751.1 mA h/g, and the excellent rate and resistance performance. The experimental results show that the Co/NPC composite material improves the electrical conductivity and electrochemical properties of the electrode. The cobalt based ZIF-67 as the precursor has opened the way for the design of highly performance electrodes for energy storage and electrochemical catalysis.
{"title":"Embedding Cobalt Into ZIF-67 to Obtain Cobalt-Nanoporous Carbon Composites as Electrode Materials for Lithium ion Battery","authors":"Guoxu Zheng, Jinghua Yin, Ziqiang Guo, Shi-Qi Tian, Xu Yang","doi":"10.33961/JECST.2020.01473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33961/JECST.2020.01473","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) is a kind of rechargeable secondary battery, developed from lithium battery, lithium ions move between the positive and negative electrodes to realize the charging and discharging of external circuits. Zeolitic imidaz-olate frameworks (ZIFs) are porous crystalline materials in which organic imidazole esters are cross-linked to transition metals to form a framework structure. In this article, ZIF-67 is used as a sacrificial template to prepare nano porous carbon (NPC) coated cobalt nanoparticles. The final product Co/NPC composites with complete structure, regular morphology and uniform size were obtained by this method. The conductive network of cobalt and nitrogen doped carbon can shorten the lithium ion transport path and present high conductivity. In addition, amorphous carbon has more pores that can be fully in contact with the electrolyte during charging and discharging. At the same time, it also reduces the volume expansion during the cycle and slows down the rate of capacity attenuation caused by structure collapse. Co/NPC composites first discharge specific capacity up to 3115 mA h/g, under the current density of 200 mA/g, circular 200 reversible capacity as high as 751.1 mA h/g, and the excellent rate and resistance performance. The experimental results show that the Co/NPC composite material improves the electrical conductivity and electrochemical properties of the electrode. The cobalt based ZIF-67 as the precursor has opened the way for the design of highly performance electrodes for energy storage and electrochemical catalysis.","PeriodicalId":15542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of electrochemical science and technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49372664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-23DOI: 10.33961/jecst.2021.00031
Baeck B. Choi, J. Jo, Taehee Lee, S. Jeon, Jungsu Kim, Y. Yoo
Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzer or alkaline electrolyzer is required to produce green hydrogen using renewable energy such as wind and/or solar power. PEM and alkaline electrolyzer differ in many ways, instantly basic materials, system configuration, and operation characteristics are different. Building an optimal water hydrolysis system by closely grasping the characteristics of each type of electrolyzer is of great help in building a safe hydrogen ecosystem as well as the efficiency of green hydrogen production. In this study, the basic operation characteristics of a kW class alkaline water electrolyzer we developed, and water electrolysis efficiency are described. Finally, a brief overview of the characteristics of PEM and alkaline electrolyzer for large-capacity green hydrogen production system will be outlined.
{"title":"Operational Characteristics of High-Performance kW class Alkaline Electrolyzer Stack for Green Hydrogen Production","authors":"Baeck B. Choi, J. Jo, Taehee Lee, S. Jeon, Jungsu Kim, Y. Yoo","doi":"10.33961/jecst.2021.00031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33961/jecst.2021.00031","url":null,"abstract":"Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzer or alkaline electrolyzer is required to produce green hydrogen using renewable energy such as wind and/or solar power. PEM and alkaline electrolyzer differ in many ways, instantly basic materials, system configuration, and operation characteristics are different. Building an optimal water hydrolysis system by closely grasping the characteristics of each type of electrolyzer is of great help in building a safe hydrogen ecosystem as well as the efficiency of green hydrogen production. In this study, the basic operation characteristics of a kW class alkaline water electrolyzer we developed, and water electrolysis efficiency are described. Finally, a brief overview of the characteristics of PEM and alkaline electrolyzer for large-capacity green hydrogen production system will be outlined.","PeriodicalId":15542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of electrochemical science and technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45420364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-18DOI: 10.33961/jecst.2021.00115
N. Togasaki, T. Yokoshima, Yasumasa Oguma, T. Osaka
For a battery module where single cells are connected in series, the single cells should each have a similar state of charge (SOC) to prevent them from being exposed to an overcharge or over-discharge during charge–discharge cycling. To detect the existence of unbalanced SOC cells in a battery module, we propose a simple measurement method using a single-frequency response of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). For a commercially available graphite/nickel-cobaltaluminum-oxide lithium-ion cell, the cell impedance increases significantly below SOC20%, while the impedance in the medium SOC region (SOC20%–SOC80%) remains low with only minor changes. This impedance behavior is mostly due to the elementary processes of cathode reactions in the cell. Among the impedance values (Z, Z , Z ), the imaginary component of Z regarding cathode reactions changes heavily as a function of SOC, in particular, when the EIS measurement is performed around 0.1 Hz. Thanks to the significant difference in the time constant of cathode reactions between ≤SOC10% and ≥SOC20%, a single-frequency EIS measurement enlarges the difference in impedance between balanced and unbalanced cells in the module and facilitates an ~80% improvement in the detection signal compared to results with conventional EIS measurements.
{"title":"Detection of Unbalanced Voltage Cells in Series-connected Lithium-ion Batteries Using Single-frequency Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy","authors":"N. Togasaki, T. Yokoshima, Yasumasa Oguma, T. Osaka","doi":"10.33961/jecst.2021.00115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33961/jecst.2021.00115","url":null,"abstract":"For a battery module where single cells are connected in series, the single cells should each have a similar state of charge (SOC) to prevent them from being exposed to an overcharge or over-discharge during charge–discharge cycling. To detect the existence of unbalanced SOC cells in a battery module, we propose a simple measurement method using a single-frequency response of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). For a commercially available graphite/nickel-cobaltaluminum-oxide lithium-ion cell, the cell impedance increases significantly below SOC20%, while the impedance in the medium SOC region (SOC20%–SOC80%) remains low with only minor changes. This impedance behavior is mostly due to the elementary processes of cathode reactions in the cell. Among the impedance values (Z, Z , Z ), the imaginary component of Z regarding cathode reactions changes heavily as a function of SOC, in particular, when the EIS measurement is performed around 0.1 Hz. Thanks to the significant difference in the time constant of cathode reactions between ≤SOC10% and ≥SOC20%, a single-frequency EIS measurement enlarges the difference in impedance between balanced and unbalanced cells in the module and facilitates an ~80% improvement in the detection signal compared to results with conventional EIS measurements.","PeriodicalId":15542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of electrochemical science and technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42474921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-09DOI: 10.33961/JECST.2021.00220
M. Ha, You-Me Na, Hee-Young Park, Hyoung‐Juhn Kim, Juhun Song, S. Yoo, Yong-Tae Kim, H. Park, J. Jang
Electrochemical devices are constructed for continuous syngas (CO + H 2 ) production with controlled selectivity between CO 2 and proton reduction reactions. The ratio of CO to H 2 , or the faradaic efficiency toward CO generation, was mechan-ically manipulated by adjusting the space volume between the cathode and the polymer gas separator in the device. In particular, the area added between the cathode and the ion-conducting polymer using 0.5 M KHCO 3 catholyte regulated the solution acidity and proton reduction kinetics in the flow cell. The faradaic efficiency of CO production was controlled as a function of the distance between the polymer separator and cathode in addition to that manipulated by the electrode potential. Further, the electrochemical CO 2 reduction device using Au NPs presented a stable operation for more than 23 h at different H 2 :CO production levels, demonstrating the functional stability of the flow cell utilizing the mechanical variable as an important operational factor.
{"title":"Combined Effect of Catholyte Gap and Cell Voltage on Syngas Ratio in Continuous CO2/H2O Co-electrolysis","authors":"M. Ha, You-Me Na, Hee-Young Park, Hyoung‐Juhn Kim, Juhun Song, S. Yoo, Yong-Tae Kim, H. Park, J. Jang","doi":"10.33961/JECST.2021.00220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33961/JECST.2021.00220","url":null,"abstract":"Electrochemical devices are constructed for continuous syngas (CO + H 2 ) production with controlled selectivity between CO 2 and proton reduction reactions. The ratio of CO to H 2 , or the faradaic efficiency toward CO generation, was mechan-ically manipulated by adjusting the space volume between the cathode and the polymer gas separator in the device. In particular, the area added between the cathode and the ion-conducting polymer using 0.5 M KHCO 3 catholyte regulated the solution acidity and proton reduction kinetics in the flow cell. The faradaic efficiency of CO production was controlled as a function of the distance between the polymer separator and cathode in addition to that manipulated by the electrode potential. Further, the electrochemical CO 2 reduction device using Au NPs presented a stable operation for more than 23 h at different H 2 :CO production levels, demonstrating the functional stability of the flow cell utilizing the mechanical variable as an important operational factor.","PeriodicalId":15542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of electrochemical science and technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47935252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-09DOI: 10.33961/JECST.2020.01718
A. Farooq, M. Zubair, H. Z. Wadood, K. M. Deen
This research work aims to investigate the effect of the aerobic bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the mechanical and electrochemical properties of the 316L stainless steel and α-brass. These properties of both the alloys were determined after 7 days of exposure to the controlled and inoculated media at 37C. The microstructural and electrochemical test results revealed the deleterious effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. After exposure to the inoculated medium, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed the larger pitting and formation of relatively dense biofilm on α-brass compared to 316L stainless steel. The tensile strength and hardness of 316L stainless steel were slightly affected after exposure to the controlled and inoculated media. After exposure to the controlled medium and inoculated media, the tensile strength of the α-brass was least affected but a significant decrease in the hardness (from 165 HV to 124 HV) was observed due to the severe attack induced by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Similarly, the open-circuit potential of the 316L stainless steel in the inoculated medium was measured to be less active (-410 mV vs Ag/AgCl) than α-brass (-550 mV vs Ag/AgCl). In the inoculated medium, potentiodynamic polarization curves confirmed the severe attack of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on α-brass (7.15 × 10 mm/year) compared to 316L stainless steel which registered a corrosion rate of 5.14 × 10 mm/year.
本研究旨在研究好氧细菌铜绿假单胞菌对316L不锈钢和α-黄铜力学和电化学性能的影响。这两种合金的这些性能是在37℃暴露于受控和接种的培养基7天后测定的。微观结构和电化学测试结果揭示了铜绿假单胞菌的有害影响。在暴露于接种介质后，扫描电子显微镜（SEM）结果显示，与316L不锈钢相比，α-黄铜上有更大的点蚀和相对致密的生物膜形成。316L不锈钢的拉伸强度和硬度在暴露于受控和接种介质后略有影响。在暴露于受控培养基和接种培养基后，α-黄铜的拉伸强度受到的影响最小，但由于铜绿假单胞菌引起的严重攻击，观察到硬度显著降低（从165 HV降至124 HV）。类似地，316L不锈钢在接种介质中的开路电位被测得比α-黄铜（-550 mV vs Ag/AgCl）活性更低（-410 mV vs Ag/AgCl。在接种的介质中，动电位极化曲线证实了铜绿假单胞菌对α-黄铜的严重侵蚀（7.15×10 mm/年），而316L不锈钢的腐蚀速率为5.14×10 mm/年。
{"title":"Effect of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strain ZK Biofilm on the Mechanical and Corrosion Behavior of 316L Stainless Steel and α-brass","authors":"A. Farooq, M. Zubair, H. Z. Wadood, K. M. Deen","doi":"10.33961/JECST.2020.01718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33961/JECST.2020.01718","url":null,"abstract":"This research work aims to investigate the effect of the aerobic bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the mechanical and electrochemical properties of the 316L stainless steel and α-brass. These properties of both the alloys were determined after 7 days of exposure to the controlled and inoculated media at 37C. The microstructural and electrochemical test results revealed the deleterious effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. After exposure to the inoculated medium, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed the larger pitting and formation of relatively dense biofilm on α-brass compared to 316L stainless steel. The tensile strength and hardness of 316L stainless steel were slightly affected after exposure to the controlled and inoculated media. After exposure to the controlled medium and inoculated media, the tensile strength of the α-brass was least affected but a significant decrease in the hardness (from 165 HV to 124 HV) was observed due to the severe attack induced by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Similarly, the open-circuit potential of the 316L stainless steel in the inoculated medium was measured to be less active (-410 mV vs Ag/AgCl) than α-brass (-550 mV vs Ag/AgCl). In the inoculated medium, potentiodynamic polarization curves confirmed the severe attack of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on α-brass (7.15 × 10 mm/year) compared to 316L stainless steel which registered a corrosion rate of 5.14 × 10 mm/year.","PeriodicalId":15542,"journal":{"name":"Journal of electrochemical science and technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48215934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-08DOI: 10.33961/JECST.2021.00059
Dong-Geun Lee, B. Ahn, C. Ahn, Joon-Hwan Choi, Dae-han Lee, Sung-Ki Lim
To fabricate a full-scale pilot model of the cost-effective Na–(Ni,Fe)Cl2 cell, a Na–beta–alumina solid electrolyte (BASE) was developed by applying a one-step synthesis cum sintering process as an alternative to the conventional solid-state reaction process. Also, Fe metal powder, which is cheaper than Ni, was mixed with Ni metal powder, and was used for cathode material to reduce the cost of raw material. As a result, we then developed a prototype Na– (Ni,Fe)Cl2 cell. Consequently, the Ni content in the Na–(Ni,Fe)Cl2 cell is decreased to approximately (20 to 50) wt.%. The #1 prototype cell (dimensions: 34 mm × 34 mm × 235 mm) showed a cell capacity of 15.9 Ah, and 160.3 mAh g (per the Ni–Fe composite), while the #2 prototype cell (dimensions: 50 mm × 50 mm × 335 mm) showed a cell capacity of 49.4 Ah, and 153.2 mAh g at the 2 cycle.
为了制造成本效益高的Na–（Ni，Fe）Cl2电池的全尺寸中试模型，通过应用一步合成和烧结工艺作为传统固态反应工艺的替代方案，开发了Na–β-氧化铝固体电解质（BASE）。此外，将比Ni便宜的Fe金属粉末与Ni金属粉末混合，并用于阴极材料以降低原材料成本。因此，我们开发了一个原型Na–（Ni，Fe）Cl2电池。因此，Na–（Ni，Fe）Cl2电池中的Ni含量降低至约（20至50）wt.%。#1原型电池（尺寸：34 mm×34 mm×235 mm）显示出15.9 Ah的电池容量和160.3 mAh g（每个Ni–Fe复合材料），而#2原型电池（大小：50 mm×50 mm×335 mm）在2个循环中显示出49.4 Ah和153.2 mAh g的电池容量。
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