Pub Date : 2016-03-01DOI: 10.35866/CAUJED.2016.41.1.004
B. Epo, Francis Menjo Baye
We decompose poverty-inequality linkages of sources of deprivation by men-headed and women-headed households in Cameroon. Results indicate that (a) women-headed and gender-neutral households face more human and household capital deprivation and higher levels of inequality than their men-headed counterparts; and (b) whereas decreasing inequality between the men-headed and women-headed households would reduce the incidence and depth of human capital deprivation, reducing inequality among the men-and women-headed households will reduce the incidence and depth of household capital deprivation. Policies should simultaneously reduce household capital deprivations among men-headed and women-headed and human capital deprivation between these households.
{"title":"DECOMPOSING POVERTY-INEQUALITY LINKAGES OF SOURCES OF DEPRIVATION BY MEN-HEADED AND WOMEN-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS IN CAMEROON","authors":"B. Epo, Francis Menjo Baye","doi":"10.35866/CAUJED.2016.41.1.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35866/CAUJED.2016.41.1.004","url":null,"abstract":"We decompose poverty-inequality linkages of sources of deprivation by men-headed and women-headed households in Cameroon. Results indicate that (a) women-headed and gender-neutral households face more human and household capital deprivation and higher levels of inequality than their men-headed counterparts; and (b) whereas decreasing inequality between the men-headed and women-headed households would reduce the incidence and depth of human capital deprivation, reducing inequality among the men-and women-headed households will reduce the incidence and depth of household capital deprivation. Policies should simultaneously reduce household capital deprivations among men-headed and women-headed and human capital deprivation between these households.","PeriodicalId":15602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic development","volume":"4 1","pages":"57-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70075979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-01DOI: 10.35866/CAUJED.2016.41.1.002
S. Khalifa
This paper examines the effect of trust on economic development. The key difficulty in estimating a causal effect of trust on economic development, is that it is endogenous to economic development. Therefore, to identify a causal effect from a cultural variable such as trust to economic development, we have to find some exogenous source of variation in trust. This paper estimates the effect of trust on economic development using new instrumental variables. The instruments used for trust are the mean elevation and the terrain ruggedness. In this context, the paper examines the relationship between trust and the logarithm of real Gross Domestic Product per capita. The paper focuses on trust in people from another nationality, trust in people from another religion, trust in people you know personally, trust in people you meet for the first time, trust in your family, and trust in your neighborhood. The results show that these variables have a statistically significant positive association with economic development. These results are robust after the inclusion of control variables such as the fractionalization indicator, continental dummies, and indicators for the legal origin and the colonial origin. The paper also conducts two stage least squares regressions. The second stage is a regression of the logarithm of real Gross Domestic Product per capita on each of the trust variables. In the first stage, the geographic factors that statistically explain trust, such as elevation and terrain ruggedness, are used as instrumental variables. The results of the empirical estimation show that trust, instrumented by these geographic variables, explain cross country variations in economic development.
{"title":"TRUST, LANDSCAPE, AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT","authors":"S. Khalifa","doi":"10.35866/CAUJED.2016.41.1.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35866/CAUJED.2016.41.1.002","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the effect of trust on economic development. The key difficulty in estimating a causal effect of trust on economic development, is that it is endogenous to economic development. Therefore, to identify a causal effect from a cultural variable such as trust to economic development, we have to find some exogenous source of variation in trust. This paper estimates the effect of trust on economic development using new instrumental variables. The instruments used for trust are the mean elevation and the terrain ruggedness. In this context, the paper examines the relationship between trust and the logarithm of real Gross Domestic Product per capita. The paper focuses on trust in people from another nationality, trust in people from another religion, trust in people you know personally, trust in people you meet for the first time, trust in your family, and trust in your neighborhood. The results show that these variables have a statistically significant positive association with economic development. These results are robust after the inclusion of control variables such as the fractionalization indicator, continental dummies, and indicators for the legal origin and the colonial origin. The paper also conducts two stage least squares regressions. The second stage is a regression of the logarithm of real Gross Domestic Product per capita on each of the trust variables. In the first stage, the geographic factors that statistically explain trust, such as elevation and terrain ruggedness, are used as instrumental variables. The results of the empirical estimation show that trust, instrumented by these geographic variables, explain cross country variations in economic development.","PeriodicalId":15602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic development","volume":"57 1","pages":"19-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70075921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.24311/JED/2016.23.1.05
V. Bang, Im Eric Iksoon
Dec. 3
12月3日
{"title":"Global warming, cyclone damages, and the issue of sustainable tourism in Southeast Asia","authors":"V. Bang, Im Eric Iksoon","doi":"10.24311/JED/2016.23.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24311/JED/2016.23.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"Dec. 3","PeriodicalId":15602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic development","volume":"33 1","pages":"102-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68913987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.4.005
A. A. Sofi, S. Durai
(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)1. INTRODUCTIONCo-existence of extreme economic affluence and significant poverty is main paradox of the modern world. This holds true for both across and within nation. It has given birth to a prominent theme of economic convergence in the existing literature. Convergence is defined as a long run tendency of poor economies to grow faster than the rich counterparts over time to equalize the per capita income (Solow, 1956; Swan, 1956). Not surprising, there emerged various theoretical developments on economic growth and convergence of economies over the years with varied explanations. Such as, Solow (1956) and Swan (1956) provide a fundamental base for convergence hypothesis, albeit indirectly. Mankiw et al. (1992), in their seminal work, offers an empirical validation of Solow's model and extended it by including human capital to investigate the convergence hypothesis. These deployments raises an important question that whether deconomies with lower capital labor ratio grows faster than the economies with higher capital labor ratio. Or in simple way, does there exists convergence across economies? (Barro and Sala-i-Martin, 2004).To answer this essential question there stands a plethora of literature using different version of the same. The issue has been debated in economic growth literature since long time and has been dealt empirically by numerous studies. Barro and Sala-i-Martin (1991), in their notable work tested convergence hypothesis and found evidences of convergence for the states of United States. Similar attempts were made in Barro and Martin (1995), Sala-i-Martin (1996), Martin and Sanz (2003).1 Later on the literature extended in using time series and panel data models (Crown and wheat, 1995; Bernard and Jones, 1996a, b; Carlno and Mills, 1993, 1994; Vohra, 1996) however, they lack unanimity among their findings. This provides an incentive to the researchers to adopt advanced and more appropriate approaches to deal with convergence hypothesis comprehensively for exploring new insights in this field.On the other hand there is a growing literature on examination and identification of the convergence clubs with the help of various methodologies.2 Studies like Quah (1993a, b; 1997), Friedman (1992) detected Galton's fallacy3 in convergence criteria used by earlier studies. Quah in a series of papers proposed an intra-distributional approach 4 to examine the dynamic convergence through twin peaks process. The method uses log differential of the interested variable in a stochastic kernels process to find out the clubs of converging regions in absolute as well as conditional to the other influencing variables. The empirical investigation of this approach by Carlno and Mills (1996) and Bernard and Durlauf (1995, 1996) supports the evidence of convergence hypothesis. There are some studies that made use of different methodology to identify club convergence, such as, regression tree approach (Durlauf an
(ProQuest:……表示公式省略。)经济极度富裕与经济极度贫困并存是现代世界的主要悖论。这对国家内外都是如此。它在现有文献中催生了一个突出的经济趋同主题。趋同被定义为一种长期趋势，即随着时间的推移，贫穷经济体比富裕经济体增长得更快，从而使人均收入平衡(索洛，1956;天鹅,1956)。毫不奇怪，多年来出现了各种关于经济增长和经济趋同的理论发展，解释也各不相同。例如，索洛(1956)和斯旺(1956)为收敛假设提供了一个基本的基础，尽管是间接的。Mankiw et al.(1992)在他们的开创性工作中，提供了索洛模型的实证验证，并通过将人力资本纳入研究收敛假设来扩展它。这些部署提出了一个重要的问题，即资本劳动比率较低的经济体是否比资本劳动比率较高的经济体增长得更快。或者简单地说，各经济体之间是否存在趋同?(Barro and Sala-i-Martin, 2004)。为了回答这个基本问题，有大量的文献使用了相同的不同版本。这个问题在经济增长文献中争论了很长时间，并通过大量的实证研究进行了处理。Barro和Sala-i-Martin(1991)在他们著名的工作中检验了收敛假设，并在美国各州找到了收敛的证据。Barro and Martin (1995)， Sala-i-Martin (1996)， Martin and Sanz(2003)也做了类似的尝试后来的文献扩展使用时间序列和面板数据模型(皇冠和小麦，1995;伯纳德和琼斯，1996年a, b;carno and Mills, 1993,1994;Vohra, 1996)然而，他们的发现缺乏一致性。这就激励研究者采用更先进、更合适的方法来全面处理收敛假设，从而在该领域探索新的见解。另一方面，在各种方法的帮助下，关于收敛俱乐部的检查和识别的文献越来越多Quah (1993a, b;1997)， Friedman(1992)在早期研究使用的收敛标准中发现了高尔顿谬误3。Quah在一系列论文中提出了一种分布内方法4，通过双峰过程来检验动态收敛性。该方法利用随机核过程中感兴趣变量的对数微分来求出对其他影响变量的绝对和有条件的收敛区域的俱乐部。carno和Mills(1996)以及Bernard和Durlauf(1995,1996)对这一方法的实证研究支持了收敛假设的证据。有一些研究使用不同的方法来识别俱乐部收敛，例如回归树方法(Durlauf和Johnson, 1995)，配对方法(Pesaran, 2007)，非线性对数检验方法(Philips和Sul, 2007)，以命名重要的方法，但仍在争论中。就印度而言，其增长模式随着时间的推移呈现出显著的变化。它缺乏对各州公平支付的原始和非常重要的附带条件。为了理解印度各邦的趋同行为，人们进行了几次尝试。如Cashin和Sahay(1996)在1961年至1991年期间对印度20个邦的趋同假设进行了检验，没有发现明显的趋同迹象。Bajpai和Sachs(1996)也报告了类似的结果。然而，Marjit和Mitra(1996)、Rao等人(1999)和Aiyar(2001)的研究发现，印度各邦的行为存在差异。此外，Nagaraj等人(2000)发现了17个州在1960年至1994年期间条件收敛的证据。Trivedi (2002)， Singh和Srinivasan(2002)发现1990年至1998年印度各邦的弱趋同行为。…
{"title":"Club Convergence across Indian States: An Empirical Analysis","authors":"A. A. Sofi, S. Durai","doi":"10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.4.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.4.005","url":null,"abstract":"(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)1. INTRODUCTIONCo-existence of extreme economic affluence and significant poverty is main paradox of the modern world. This holds true for both across and within nation. It has given birth to a prominent theme of economic convergence in the existing literature. Convergence is defined as a long run tendency of poor economies to grow faster than the rich counterparts over time to equalize the per capita income (Solow, 1956; Swan, 1956). Not surprising, there emerged various theoretical developments on economic growth and convergence of economies over the years with varied explanations. Such as, Solow (1956) and Swan (1956) provide a fundamental base for convergence hypothesis, albeit indirectly. Mankiw et al. (1992), in their seminal work, offers an empirical validation of Solow's model and extended it by including human capital to investigate the convergence hypothesis. These deployments raises an important question that whether deconomies with lower capital labor ratio grows faster than the economies with higher capital labor ratio. Or in simple way, does there exists convergence across economies? (Barro and Sala-i-Martin, 2004).To answer this essential question there stands a plethora of literature using different version of the same. The issue has been debated in economic growth literature since long time and has been dealt empirically by numerous studies. Barro and Sala-i-Martin (1991), in their notable work tested convergence hypothesis and found evidences of convergence for the states of United States. Similar attempts were made in Barro and Martin (1995), Sala-i-Martin (1996), Martin and Sanz (2003).1 Later on the literature extended in using time series and panel data models (Crown and wheat, 1995; Bernard and Jones, 1996a, b; Carlno and Mills, 1993, 1994; Vohra, 1996) however, they lack unanimity among their findings. This provides an incentive to the researchers to adopt advanced and more appropriate approaches to deal with convergence hypothesis comprehensively for exploring new insights in this field.On the other hand there is a growing literature on examination and identification of the convergence clubs with the help of various methodologies.2 Studies like Quah (1993a, b; 1997), Friedman (1992) detected Galton's fallacy3 in convergence criteria used by earlier studies. Quah in a series of papers proposed an intra-distributional approach 4 to examine the dynamic convergence through twin peaks process. The method uses log differential of the interested variable in a stochastic kernels process to find out the clubs of converging regions in absolute as well as conditional to the other influencing variables. The empirical investigation of this approach by Carlno and Mills (1996) and Bernard and Durlauf (1995, 1996) supports the evidence of convergence hypothesis. There are some studies that made use of different methodology to identify club convergence, such as, regression tree approach (Durlauf an","PeriodicalId":15602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic development","volume":"40 1","pages":"107-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70075847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.4.001
P. Macnamara
This paper builds a model of firm dynamics to study the consequences of "Limited re-entry" for macroeconomic dynamics. In the literature, exit has typically been modeled as a permanent decision whereby it is not possible for an exiting plant or firm to "re-enter" in the future. This paper relaxes this assumption by assuming that the exit decision is not permanent, but that an exiting producer still has a "limited" ability to re-enter. The model, reasonably calibrated, indicates that limited re-entry has made business cycles more volatile and persistent, and has contributed to the slow recovery following the 2007-09 recession.
{"title":"Limited Re-Entry and Business Cycles","authors":"P. Macnamara","doi":"10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.4.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.4.001","url":null,"abstract":"This paper builds a model of firm dynamics to study the consequences of \"Limited re-entry\" for macroeconomic dynamics. In the literature, exit has typically been modeled as a permanent decision whereby it is not possible for an exiting plant or firm to \"re-enter\" in the future. This paper relaxes this assumption by assuming that the exit decision is not permanent, but that an exiting producer still has a \"limited\" ability to re-enter. The model, reasonably calibrated, indicates that limited re-entry has made business cycles more volatile and persistent, and has contributed to the slow recovery following the 2007-09 recession.","PeriodicalId":15602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic development","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70075077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.4.002
P. Khosla
China's trade with Africa has increased significantly in the past two decades. The effects of these growing trade volumes (and financial flows) are quite contested. The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of growing Chinese influence in Africa on the intra-regional trade in the continent. This paper estimates a traditional gravity model using Poisson pseudo-maximum-likelihood estimation method for a panel of 135 countries over the period 1990-2012. The results show that African countries are marginalized from world trade. They trade less, compared to a non-African country with similar characteristics. Even though intra-regional trade in Africa is quite low, this paper finds no evidence that these trade volumes are lower than what would be expected (given the characteristics of these countries). However, the results indicate that trade relations with China have distorted patterns of trade in Africa. The analysis shows that Chinese presence has led African countries to import less from (and export less to) other African countries. The massive influx of cheap Chinese goods into African markets combined with preferential tariff treatment offered by the Chinese government to African exporters may explain these patterns. This study also looks at how the effects of Chinese engagement in Africa have changed over time. The results suggest that over the past decade, the effects of China on intra-regional trade have become less negative. Since the late 1990's, Chinese investment in infrastructure, capacity building combined with high volumes of aid have helped African countries overcome some of the infrastructural bottlenecks and could explain the relatively higher intra-regional trade in the post-2000 period.
{"title":"INTRA-REGIONAL TRADE IN AFRICA AND THE IMPACT OF CHINESE INTERVENTION: A GRAVITY MODEL APPROACH","authors":"P. Khosla","doi":"10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.4.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.4.002","url":null,"abstract":"China's trade with Africa has increased significantly in the past two decades. The effects of these growing trade volumes (and financial flows) are quite contested. The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of growing Chinese influence in Africa on the intra-regional trade in the continent. This paper estimates a traditional gravity model using Poisson pseudo-maximum-likelihood estimation method for a panel of 135 countries over the period 1990-2012. The results show that African countries are marginalized from world trade. They trade less, compared to a non-African country with similar characteristics. Even though intra-regional trade in Africa is quite low, this paper finds no evidence that these trade volumes are lower than what would be expected (given the characteristics of these countries). However, the results indicate that trade relations with China have distorted patterns of trade in Africa. The analysis shows that Chinese presence has led African countries to import less from (and export less to) other African countries. The massive influx of cheap Chinese goods into African markets combined with preferential tariff treatment offered by the Chinese government to African exporters may explain these patterns. This study also looks at how the effects of Chinese engagement in Africa have changed over time. The results suggest that over the past decade, the effects of China on intra-regional trade have become less negative. Since the late 1990's, Chinese investment in infrastructure, capacity building combined with high volumes of aid have helped African countries overcome some of the infrastructural bottlenecks and could explain the relatively higher intra-regional trade in the post-2000 period.","PeriodicalId":15602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic development","volume":"40 1","pages":"41-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70075147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.4.003
Justo de Jorge Moreno, Cesar Camison Zorzona, J. M. Romero, Leopoldo Laborda Castillo
In line with the existing literature, the main aim of this study is to analyse the effects of public capital on growth in the Spanish regions for the period 1980-2007. The methodology used adopts a parametric approach following the recommendations intended to eliminate the effects of demand and estimate only the medium-term impacts, ultimately eliminating any possible inverse causality relationship. The estimates made put the elasticity of the productivity of labour with respect to the delays in investment in infrastructures at 0.183, while elasticity with respect to private investment stands at 0.294. This means it can be concluded that investment in public capital contributes to increasing productivity by approximately 62 per cent in the Spanish regions as a whole. Meanwhile, the analysis of the convergence of the estimated efficiency levels shows that the least efficient regions have benefited from the technology existing in the regions closest to the efficiency frontier. Finally, some reflections are compiled on the role investment in public capital can play in the context of a crisis like the current one, together with other pillars incorporated into the debate, such as fiscal consolidation and structural reforms.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF PUBLIC CAPITAL ON ECONOMIC GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY IN SPAIN DURING THE PERIOD 1980-2007","authors":"Justo de Jorge Moreno, Cesar Camison Zorzona, J. M. Romero, Leopoldo Laborda Castillo","doi":"10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.4.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.4.003","url":null,"abstract":"In line with the existing literature, the main aim of this study is to analyse the effects of public capital on growth in the Spanish regions for the period 1980-2007. The methodology used adopts a parametric approach following the recommendations intended to eliminate the effects of demand and estimate only the medium-term impacts, ultimately eliminating any possible inverse causality relationship. The estimates made put the elasticity of the productivity of labour with respect to the delays in investment in infrastructures at 0.183, while elasticity with respect to private investment stands at 0.294. This means it can be concluded that investment in public capital contributes to increasing productivity by approximately 62 per cent in the Spanish regions as a whole. Meanwhile, the analysis of the convergence of the estimated efficiency levels shows that the least efficient regions have benefited from the technology existing in the regions closest to the efficiency frontier. Finally, some reflections are compiled on the role investment in public capital can play in the context of a crisis like the current one, together with other pillars incorporated into the debate, such as fiscal consolidation and structural reforms.","PeriodicalId":15602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic development","volume":"40 1","pages":"67-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70075106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-01DOI: 10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.4.004
Deockhyun Ryu
This study aims at providing both a theoretical survey and an empirical analysis of the effect of government spending on economic growth. There have been numerous debates regarding how government spending affects economic growth at various levels and via different paths. We can categorize fiscal spending by either function or nature. This study examines the effects of fiscal spending of various functional categories and groups thereof. From the empirical analyses we find evidence that an excessive fiscal spending in infrastructure area may negatively affect future economic growth.
{"title":"FISCAL SPENDING AND ECONOMIC GROWTH","authors":"Deockhyun Ryu","doi":"10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.4.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.4.004","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at providing both a theoretical survey and an empirical analysis of the effect of government spending on economic growth. There have been numerous debates regarding how government spending affects economic growth at various levels and via different paths. We can categorize fiscal spending by either function or nature. This study examines the effects of fiscal spending of various functional categories and groups thereof. From the empirical analyses we find evidence that an excessive fiscal spending in infrastructure area may negatively affect future economic growth.","PeriodicalId":15602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic development","volume":"40 1","pages":"91-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70075213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-09-01DOI: 10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.3.002
J. Gwon
This paper analyzes a simple model where a multi-product firm competes with single-product firms possibly with bundling strategy. Mixed bundling is theoretically known as an effective business tool even in the symmetric competition as well as for the monopoly. Contrary to the literature, this paper shows that mixed bundling is dominated by component pricing or pure bundling. The result holds regardless of the product complementarity by the multi-product firm. In addition, it is shown that linear component pricing will be utilized for low complementarity while pure bundling strategy will be chosen for high complementarity.
{"title":"BUNDLING COMPETITION BETWEEN MULTI-PRODUCT AND SINGLE-PRODUCT FIRMS","authors":"J. Gwon","doi":"10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.3.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.3.002","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes a simple model where a multi-product firm competes with single-product firms possibly with bundling strategy. Mixed bundling is theoretically known as an effective business tool even in the symmetric competition as well as for the monopoly. Contrary to the literature, this paper shows that mixed bundling is dominated by component pricing or pure bundling. The result holds regardless of the product complementarity by the multi-product firm. In addition, it is shown that linear component pricing will be utilized for low complementarity while pure bundling strategy will be chosen for high complementarity.","PeriodicalId":15602,"journal":{"name":"Journal of economic development","volume":"40 1","pages":"27-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70075408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-09-01DOI: 10.35866/CAUJED.2015.40.3.005
Nidhiya Menon
Kenyan firms rely on technology to overcome obstacles associated with excessive regulations, poor infrastructure, and widespread corruption. This study shows that reliance on technologies such as email, website and the internet for communication purposes has significant positive impacts on productivity for firms with female owners. Using a representative sample of industries, the exogenous component of technology use is isolated by using information on the presence of schools from colonial Kenya as well as a geographical indicator measuring rainfall shocks. Results indicate that for firms with female owners, a 10 percent increase in technology use results in a 1.69 percentage point increase in value-added per worker. For male-owned firms, a positive effect is evident but significantly more muted.
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