Pub Date : 2019-05-27DOI: 10.4172/2157-7625.1000260
Bosenu Abera, A. Bajigo, Kefyalew Gebeyew
Camel production is the dominant livelihood option for pastoralist, and also very important livelihood option for agro-pastoralists in Somali region. This study was conducted in five administrative zones of Ethiopian Somali Regional State to assess the current status of camel feed resources, and its management practices. A key informant interview, focus group discussion (FGD), household survey (HH) with structured questionnaire, and field observation were employed as data collection tool. With purposive sampling design for this cross-sectional study, a total of 150 sample household heads were selected. The result indicated that there is variation in camel feed quality and rangeland conditions between the study districts. Despite of this, mismanagement of feed resources coupled with intrinsic camel feed resources shortage and quality deterioration at different seasons is putting the camel production vulnerable to changing climate throughout the region. Although it is not satisfactory to overcome the camel feed shortage in districts, traditional feed managements such as area enclosure (34%), camel migration during drought seasons (90%) browsing land resting (45.3%), and table salt provision to supplement the camel mineral deficiency are implemented but with different status between districts. However, the efforts made do not indicate as it ensures sustainability. Hence, awareness creation on rangeland management to integrate traditional with modern approaches, and capacity building on camel feed resource development, and conservation skills of the existing brows species in the rangelands of pastoral and agropastoral camel herders is highly required.
{"title":"The Status of Camel Feed Resources, and Its Management in Ethiopia Somali Region","authors":"Bosenu Abera, A. Bajigo, Kefyalew Gebeyew","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000260","url":null,"abstract":"Camel production is the dominant livelihood option for pastoralist, and also very important livelihood option for agro-pastoralists in Somali region. \u0000This study was conducted in five administrative zones of Ethiopian Somali Regional State to assess the current status of camel feed resources, and its management practices. A key informant interview, focus group discussion (FGD), household survey (HH) with structured questionnaire, and field observation were employed as data collection tool. With purposive sampling design for this cross-sectional study, a total of 150 sample household heads were selected. \u0000The result indicated that there is variation in camel feed quality and rangeland conditions between the study districts. Despite of this, mismanagement of feed resources coupled with intrinsic camel feed resources shortage and quality deterioration at different seasons is putting the camel production vulnerable to changing climate throughout the region. Although it is not satisfactory to overcome the camel feed shortage in districts, traditional feed managements such as area enclosure (34%), camel migration during drought seasons (90%) browsing land resting (45.3%), and table salt provision to supplement the camel mineral deficiency are implemented but with different status between districts. \u0000However, the efforts made do not indicate as it ensures sustainability. Hence, awareness creation on rangeland management to integrate traditional with modern approaches, and capacity building on camel feed resource development, and conservation skills of the existing brows species in the rangelands of pastoral and agropastoral camel herders is highly required.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90689792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-20DOI: 10.4172/2157-7625.1000261
Israel Petros Menbere, Kassahun Abie, Hadis Tadele, Getahun Gebru
This study was conducted to determine the impact of variant local involvement in ecotourism and associated strengths and weaknesses of the Adaba-Dodola community based ecotourism project, in South Ethiopia. Households from CBECT program and non-program communities, focus groups of CBECT participants and nonparticipants, and key-informants from culture and tourism office and from Oromia forest and wildlife enterprise were the target respondents. The primary data were collected through questionnaires, interviews and focused group discussions. Document reviews were also made to support the study. The quantitative data were analyzed through descriptive statistics while the qualitative data were analyzed in the form of narrations. The result of the study indicated that participants were highly benefited compared to nonparticipants due to the different level of participation and ways of involvement in ecotourism activities. Participants were benefited economically while nonparticipants enjoyed benefits associated with natural services. This led to positive perception to exist in participants than nonparticipants. As a result, the perception of communities towards ecotourism had been impacted by the difference of ecotourism support in the livelihood of participant and nonparticipant communities. In relation to this, working with community and promoting experience sharing for communities were the main strengths of ecotourism program according to participants while majority of nonparticipants stated as there were no major strengths to the ecotourism project. Subsequently, both groups identified insufficient implementation of the CBECT program as the main weakness of ecotourism in the area.
{"title":"The Impact of Variant Local Involvement in Community Based Ecotourism: A Conceptual Framework Approach","authors":"Israel Petros Menbere, Kassahun Abie, Hadis Tadele, Getahun Gebru","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000261","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the impact of variant local involvement in ecotourism and associated strengths and weaknesses of the Adaba-Dodola community based ecotourism project, in South Ethiopia. Households from CBECT program and non-program communities, focus groups of CBECT participants and nonparticipants, and key-informants from culture and tourism office and from Oromia forest and wildlife enterprise were the target respondents. The primary data were collected through questionnaires, interviews and focused group discussions. Document reviews were also made to support the study. The quantitative data were analyzed through descriptive statistics while the qualitative data were analyzed in the form of narrations. The result of the study indicated that participants were highly benefited compared to nonparticipants due to the different level of participation and ways of involvement in ecotourism activities. Participants were benefited economically while nonparticipants enjoyed benefits associated with natural services. This led to positive perception to exist in participants than nonparticipants. As a result, the perception of communities towards ecotourism had been impacted by the difference of ecotourism support in the livelihood of participant and nonparticipant communities. In relation to this, working with community and promoting experience sharing for communities were the main strengths of ecotourism program according to participants while majority of nonparticipants stated as there were no major strengths to the ecotourism project. Subsequently, both groups identified insufficient implementation of the CBECT program as the main weakness of ecotourism in the area.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81726105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-21DOI: 10.4172/2157-7625.1000259
C. Gaucherel
Ecology has probably borrowed tools and concepts from physics since its origins. Powerful physics approaches have particularly helped incorporate challenges related to ecosystems, including ecosystem functioning and scale issues. I conducted a survey of physical theories and concepts applied to ecosystem ecology to identify fruitful borrowings and past traps. I left aside differential equations and all mathematical tools developed in physics but also used in ecology. Building on information theory, thermodynamics and statistical physics on the one hand, and on dynamical systems, self-organisation, and complexity on the other, my first aim was to identify a trend in this long-lasting collaboration between physics and ecology. For example, some physical concepts are now widely recognised to have failed to help understand and/or to manage an ecosystem as a whole: information theory, thermodynamics and extremal principles belong to this category. More recent physical theories have emerged in ecology and not yet failed: dynamical systems and statistical physics, complexity and graph theories belong to this category. The second aim of the survey was to identify some of the reasons for the only partial success of otherwise powerful physical concepts in ecology. The ecosystem is a dual object composed of living (biotic) and inert (abiotic) components in close interaction. Although a basic tenet, an ecosystem cannot simply be understood, in practice, as a purely physical (or purely biological) system. Consequently, a difficult theoretical question needs to be addressed: could a revival of the interface between physics and ecology finally reveal how to understand and manage ecosystems? Or will we need radically new concepts (and more generic tools) to understand the ecological organisation of matter and energy in an ecosystem? Strategies for achieving this goal and for advancing theoretical ecosystem ecology are discussed
{"title":"Physical Concepts and Ecosystem Ecology: A Revival?","authors":"C. Gaucherel","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000259","url":null,"abstract":"Ecology has probably borrowed tools and concepts from physics since its origins. Powerful physics approaches have particularly helped incorporate challenges related to ecosystems, including ecosystem functioning and scale issues. I conducted a survey of physical theories and concepts applied to ecosystem ecology to identify fruitful borrowings and past traps. I left aside differential equations and all mathematical tools developed in physics but also used in ecology. Building on information theory, thermodynamics and statistical physics on the one hand, and on dynamical systems, self-organisation, and complexity on the other, my first aim was to identify a trend in this long-lasting collaboration between physics and ecology. For example, some physical concepts are now widely recognised to have failed to help understand and/or to manage an ecosystem as a whole: information theory, thermodynamics and extremal principles belong to this category. More recent physical theories have emerged in ecology and not yet failed: dynamical systems and statistical physics, complexity and graph theories belong to this category. \u0000The second aim of the survey was to identify some of the reasons for the only partial success of otherwise powerful physical concepts in ecology. The ecosystem is a dual object composed of living (biotic) and inert (abiotic) components in close interaction. Although a basic tenet, an ecosystem cannot simply be understood, in practice, as a purely physical (or purely biological) system. Consequently, a difficult theoretical question needs to be addressed: could a revival of the interface between physics and ecology finally reveal how to understand and manage ecosystems? Or will we need radically new concepts (and more generic tools) to understand the ecological organisation of matter and energy in an ecosystem? Strategies for achieving this goal and for advancing theoretical ecosystem ecology are discussed","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"8 1","pages":"259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73667432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-31DOI: 10.4172/2157-7625.1000252
I. Shaikh
Lack of address between human and animal health as well as various social, economic and ecosystem aspect negligence is the major reason due to which dealing with the threat of emerging infectious disease with current global health framework is becoming a huge problem.World Economic Forum has ranked the spread of infectious diseases second top serious global threat after water crisis due to the increasing people mobility, domestic animal as well as insect vector increase. It is noteworthy that recent advancement in global health promotion policies manifests few interdisciplinary approaches, which are remarkably successful in developing a strong collaboration and co-operation between the physician groups and veterinarian groups in order to enhance and upgrade their health standards ensuring the environmental safety, which is, appears to be the crux of “One Health” concept.This paper critically analyses the different approaches of Eco Health, One Health, Planetary Health and political economy and political ecology of global health with the focus on current challenges in the Anthropocene and give policy recommendation for environment friendly sustainable development.
{"title":"Critically Analyse the Different Approaches of Eco Health, One Health, Planetary Health and Political Economy and Political Ecology of Global Health to Analyse Current Challenges in the Anthropocene","authors":"I. Shaikh","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000252","url":null,"abstract":"Lack of address between human and animal health as well as various social, economic and ecosystem aspect negligence is the major reason due to which dealing with the threat of emerging infectious disease with current global health framework is becoming a huge problem.World Economic Forum has ranked the spread of infectious diseases second top serious global threat after water crisis due to the increasing people mobility, domestic animal as well as insect vector increase. It is noteworthy that recent advancement in global health promotion policies manifests few interdisciplinary approaches, which are remarkably successful in developing a strong collaboration and co-operation between the physician groups and veterinarian groups in order to enhance and upgrade their health standards ensuring the environmental safety, which is, appears to be the crux of “One Health” concept.This paper critically analyses the different approaches of Eco Health, One Health, Planetary Health and political economy and political ecology of global health with the focus on current challenges in the Anthropocene and give policy recommendation for environment friendly sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78762302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-26DOI: 10.4172/2157-7625-C1-031
G. Sigua
{"title":"Recycled agricultural wastes: Biochars multifunctional role in agriculture and environment","authors":"G. Sigua","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625-C1-031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625-C1-031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78705946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-28DOI: 10.4172/2157-7625.1000251
S. A. Bokhari, Z. Saqib, Amjad Ali, M. Z. U. Haq
The present study compared opinions of south Asian planned (Islamabad) versus semi-planned (Rawalpindi) urban residents, regarding urban vegetation (ecological capital) and its usefulness. These urban areas known as twin cities lie in close vicinity but their contrasting contextual setting makes them a suitable case study. The locals were asked questions related to the importance of urban vegetation, changes in it over a period of time and resultant impacts (positive/negative). A majority (90%) of respondents opined that urban vegetation is beneficial while another big proportion (69.20%) believed vegetation cover changed over time and recent changes in urban vegetation were viewed negatively (55.80%). Statistical analysis revealed that respondents form both cities significantly differ in their point of view regarding ecological capital: usefulness of vegetation (p<0.02); urban vegetation cover changes (p<0.02) and its impacts (p<0.01). The study concluded that planning/contextual settings influence human perception about natural capital in urban settings. While, the people were equivocal in perceiving the vegetation change; the negative impacts were more felt by the people living in semi-planned area than the people living in the planned areas.
{"title":"Perception of Residents about Urban Vegetation: A Comparative Study of Planned Versus Semi-Planned Cities of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan","authors":"S. A. Bokhari, Z. Saqib, Amjad Ali, M. Z. U. Haq","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000251","url":null,"abstract":"The present study compared opinions of south Asian planned (Islamabad) versus semi-planned (Rawalpindi) urban residents, regarding urban vegetation (ecological capital) and its usefulness. These urban areas known as twin cities lie in close vicinity but their contrasting contextual setting makes them a suitable case study. The locals were asked questions related to the importance of urban vegetation, changes in it over a period of time and resultant impacts (positive/negative). A majority (90%) of respondents opined that urban vegetation is beneficial while another big proportion (69.20%) believed vegetation cover changed over time and recent changes in urban vegetation were viewed negatively (55.80%). Statistical analysis revealed that respondents form both cities significantly differ in their point of view regarding ecological capital: usefulness of vegetation (p<0.02); urban vegetation cover changes (p<0.02) and its impacts (p<0.01). The study concluded that planning/contextual settings influence human perception about natural capital in urban settings. While, the people were equivocal in perceiving the vegetation change; the negative impacts were more felt by the people living in semi-planned area than the people living in the planned areas.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82827358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-08DOI: 10.4172/2157-7625.1000248
Melese Worku, Abay Bantihun
Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are organic income of deposit and living thing derivation, harvest beginning usual forest, artificial plantation, forested ground, farmlands and trees outer surface forest or domestic. These foodstuffs are very important source of profits, nourishment and nourishment for many forest based community approximately the earth. This revise try to evaluation accessible and easy to get to literatures on position of NTFPs in sustainable forest management including sociological approach, economic approach, ecosystem approach, technological move toward and its associated armed forces (biodiversity maintenance and carbon confiscation). The use of NTFPs has established attention in brightness of their perceived potential to address both poverty reduction and tropical forest conservation. It was not essential that superior management and use scheme has to be set for diversify foodstuffs advantage for the incomplete the people.
{"title":"Review the Significant of Non Timber Forest Product and Boswellia papyrifera Species in Ethiopia","authors":"Melese Worku, Abay Bantihun","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000248","url":null,"abstract":"Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are organic income of deposit and living thing derivation, harvest beginning usual forest, artificial plantation, forested ground, farmlands and trees outer surface forest or domestic. These foodstuffs are very important source of profits, nourishment and nourishment for many forest based community approximately the earth. This revise try to evaluation accessible and easy to get to literatures on position of NTFPs in sustainable forest management including sociological approach, economic approach, ecosystem approach, technological move toward and its associated armed forces (biodiversity maintenance and carbon confiscation). The use of NTFPs has established attention in brightness of their perceived potential to address both poverty reduction and tropical forest conservation. It was not essential that superior management and use scheme has to be set for diversify foodstuffs advantage for the incomplete the people.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"15 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88057203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2157-7625.1000250
Jian Cui, M. Hirota, T. Kamijo, S. Yoshitake, Kazuhiro Katoh
Soil nitrogen (N) mineralization is a central process in the N cycle in terrestrial ecosystems. Previously many studies were conducted on soil N mineralization in terrestrial ecosystems, but those studies remain unclear due to large spatial and temporal variations. In present study soil N mineralization rates were measured in situ by using a resin core technique. The study reports the relationship of these rates with environmental factors at ten sites with various vegetation and soil properties which formed after the latest eruption in year 2000 on a volcanic island, Miyakejima. Miyakejima has diverse ecosystems, from grasslands with little soil organic matter to mature forests. With little damage from the year 2000 eruption, it is suitable for exploration of spatial and temporal variations in soil N mineralization. Annual soil N mineralization rates ranged from 0.9 to 52.5 kg N ha-1 yr-1 and were higher in the presence of the N-fixing vegetation Alnus sieboldiana. Present study data along with other data obtained from insitu observation suggested that soil C/N ratio can be a good indicator of annual soil N mineralization rate, like many previous studies pointed out; however, the relationship between the rate and soil C/N ratio was complicated due to some factors, such as existence of N-fixing vegetation and high sulfur dioxide gas exposure.
土壤氮矿化是陆地生态系统氮循环的核心过程。以往对陆地生态系统土壤氮矿化进行了大量研究，但由于时空差异较大，研究结果尚不明确。本研究采用树脂芯法原位测定土壤氮矿化率。该研究报告了这些比率与环境因素的关系，这些环境因素是在2000年火山岛Miyakejima最近一次喷发后形成的10个地点，这些地点具有不同的植被和土壤性质。Miyakejima拥有多样化的生态系统，从土壤有机质很少的草原到成熟的森林。由于2000年火山喷发对土壤氮矿化的破坏较小，适合探索土壤氮矿化的时空变化特征。年土壤氮矿化率为0.9 ~ 52.5 kg N / h -1年-1，在固氮植被桤木的存在下，土壤氮矿化率更高。本研究数据和其他原位观测数据表明，土壤碳氮比可以很好地反映土壤年氮矿化率，正如许多前人所指出的那样;然而，由于固氮植被的存在和高二氧化硫气体暴露等因素，速率与土壤C/N比的关系较为复杂。
{"title":"Soil Net Nitrogen Mineralization at Different Ecosystem Development Stages after the Year 2000 Eruption on Miyakejima Island","authors":"Jian Cui, M. Hirota, T. Kamijo, S. Yoshitake, Kazuhiro Katoh","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000250","url":null,"abstract":"Soil nitrogen (N) mineralization is a central process in the N cycle in terrestrial ecosystems. Previously many studies were conducted on soil N mineralization in terrestrial ecosystems, but those studies remain unclear due to large spatial and temporal variations. In present study soil N mineralization rates were measured in situ by using a resin core technique. The study reports the relationship of these rates with environmental factors at ten sites with various vegetation and soil properties which formed after the latest eruption in year 2000 on a volcanic island, Miyakejima. Miyakejima has diverse ecosystems, from grasslands with little soil organic matter to mature forests. With little damage from the year 2000 eruption, it is suitable for exploration of spatial and temporal variations in soil N mineralization. Annual soil N mineralization rates ranged from 0.9 to 52.5 kg N ha-1 yr-1 and were higher in the presence of the N-fixing vegetation Alnus sieboldiana. Present study data along with other data obtained from insitu observation suggested that soil C/N ratio can be a good indicator of annual soil N mineralization rate, like many previous studies pointed out; however, the relationship between the rate and soil C/N ratio was complicated due to some factors, such as existence of N-fixing vegetation and high sulfur dioxide gas exposure.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"10 23","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91418076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2157-7625.1000253
M. Kalam, T. Mieno, B. Casareto
To develop artificial reefs, that are environmentally friendly and inexpensive, prototype artificial reefs made of ceramic material have been studied. The properties of the reefs (chemical constituents, surface texture, water absorbability, mechanical strength, erosion rate, and sustainability) were examined. The reefs were compared with natural coral rubbles. The effects of the reefs on nutrient availability, toxic chemical diffusion, and the propagation of plankton (bacteria, diatom) and other benthic organisms were examined, for which the reefs were set in aquaria for a long time. It was shown that the reefs were nontoxic, pH-neutral, mechanically strong, and sustainable in a hostile shallow sea environment. This study suggests that artificial reefs made from the ceramic material are not hazardous to small fish.
{"title":"Development of Artificial Reefs Using Environmentally Safe Ceramic Material","authors":"M. Kalam, T. Mieno, B. Casareto","doi":"10.4172/2157-7625.1000253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7625.1000253","url":null,"abstract":"To develop artificial reefs, that are environmentally friendly and inexpensive, prototype artificial reefs made of ceramic material have been studied. The properties of the reefs (chemical constituents, surface texture, water absorbability, mechanical strength, erosion rate, and sustainability) were examined. The reefs were compared with natural coral rubbles. The effects of the reefs on nutrient availability, toxic chemical diffusion, and the propagation of plankton (bacteria, diatom) and other benthic organisms were examined, for which the reefs were set in aquaria for a long time. It was shown that the reefs were nontoxic, pH-neutral, mechanically strong, and sustainable in a hostile shallow sea environment. This study suggests that artificial reefs made from the ceramic material are not hazardous to small fish.","PeriodicalId":15637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecosystem & Ecography","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83274264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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