M. I. Sanchez-Lopez, Maria Del Mar Giner-Oliver, Marta Lluesma-Vidal, Laura García-Garcés, Carmen Trull-Ahuir, Cayetana Ruiz-Zaldibar
Some studies have been conducted in Ethiopia to analyze the predictive factors associated with recovery or mortality in children with acute malnutrition, but no recent studies carried out in Oromia have analyze nutritional recovery status in this children. we studied the factors affecting nutritional recovery for survival in acutely malnourished children Southern Ethiopia. cohort study that included the children admitted to the (blinded for review) hospital (Oromia, Ethiopia) for acute malnutrition from January 2015 to December 2016 (n = 440). Kaplan–Meier tests and log-rank tests were used to describe the survival. Chi-squared tests and Spearman and Mann–Whitney U correlation tests were also employed. The mean survival time was shorter in children with severe versus moderate malnutrition at admission (49 days vs. 101 days; log-rank p = 0.042). The survival time was shorter in children with severe acute malnutrition at the time of admission. Survival time of children with moderate acute malnutrition was shorter in children who came from rural areas compared to urban areas. Severe acute malnutrition was associated with hospital stays, death rates, or transfer to another hospital. Practical implications: the results of this study may improve the care of children with malnutrition.
在埃塞俄比亚进行了一些研究，分析了与急性营养不良儿童康复或死亡率相关的预测因素，但最近在奥罗米亚进行的研究没有分析这些儿童的营养恢复状况。我们研究了影响埃塞俄比亚南部急性营养不良儿童营养恢复生存的因素。队列研究，纳入2015年1月至2016年12月在埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚(Oromia)医院因急性营养不良入院的儿童(n = 440)。Kaplan-Meier检验和log-rank检验用于描述生存率。还采用卡方检验和Spearman和Mann-Whitney U相关检验。入院时重度营养不良儿童的平均生存时间较中度营养不良儿童短(49天对101天;Log-rank p = 0.042)。入院时严重急性营养不良患儿的生存时间较短。中度急性营养不良儿童的生存时间在农村地区比在城市地区短。严重急性营养不良与住院时间、死亡率或转院有关。实际意义:本研究结果可改善营养不良儿童的护理。
{"title":"Determinants of nutritional recovery status and survival time among children from 0 to 14 years old with acute malnutrition admitted to a therapeutic feeding center in Oromia, Southern Ethiopia: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"M. I. Sanchez-Lopez, Maria Del Mar Giner-Oliver, Marta Lluesma-Vidal, Laura García-Garcés, Carmen Trull-Ahuir, Cayetana Ruiz-Zaldibar","doi":"10.18488/98.v10i1.3315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/98.v10i1.3315","url":null,"abstract":"Some studies have been conducted in Ethiopia to analyze the predictive factors associated with recovery or mortality in children with acute malnutrition, but no recent studies carried out in Oromia have analyze nutritional recovery status in this children. we studied the factors affecting nutritional recovery for survival in acutely malnourished children Southern Ethiopia. cohort study that included the children admitted to the (blinded for review) hospital (Oromia, Ethiopia) for acute malnutrition from January 2015 to December 2016 (n = 440). Kaplan–Meier tests and log-rank tests were used to describe the survival. Chi-squared tests and Spearman and Mann–Whitney U correlation tests were also employed. The mean survival time was shorter in children with severe versus moderate malnutrition at admission (49 days vs. 101 days; log-rank p = 0.042). The survival time was shorter in children with severe acute malnutrition at the time of admission. Survival time of children with moderate acute malnutrition was shorter in children who came from rural areas compared to urban areas. Severe acute malnutrition was associated with hospital stays, death rates, or transfer to another hospital. Practical implications: the results of this study may improve the care of children with malnutrition.","PeriodicalId":15645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diagnostics","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90839326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Outcome and Hepatic Function of an Extended Category II Treatment in a HIV-Seronegative Suspected Extensively Drug-Resistant TB Patient","authors":"Ato Kwamena Tetteh, E. Agyarko, J. Otchere, L. Bimi, I. Ayi","doi":"10.18488/journal.98.2020.71.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.98.2020.71.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Article History Received: 15 October 2019 Revised: 20 November 2019 Accepted: 23 December 2019 Published: 27 January 2020","PeriodicalId":15645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diagnostics","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79211321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.18488/JOURNAL.98.2019.61.1.8
U. O. Mbah, Ijere D. Nwanne, O. Jeremiah, Anthony Cemaluk C. Egbuonu
This study evaluated the renal biofunction potentials of ethanolic extract of Solanum melongena Linn fruit on monosodium glutamate-intoxicated rats' and kidney histology using standard protocol. Twenty four Wistar rats that weighed 105.00 ± 7.00 g were used. The rats were assigned into 6 groups of 4 each and fed thus: Group 1 (control, feed and distilled water only), Group 2 (8000mg/kg body weight monosodium glutamate (MSG)), Group 3 (300mg/kg body weight (bw) the sample extract), Group 4 (8000mg/kg bw MSG + 100mg/kg bw the sample extract ), Group 5(8000mg/kg bw MSG+ 300mg/kg bw the sample extract) and Group 6 (8000mg/kg bw MSG+ 500mg/kg bw the sample extract) daily for 14 days. The results were expressed as mean ± S.E.M and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by a Duncan posthoc test was done to test for significance using SPSS version 22.0. The exposure of MSG resulted in a significant (P =0.05) increase in the activities of serum urea, creatinine, potassium ion, chloride ion, and sodium ion compared to the control. MSG and ethanolic extract of Solanum melongena Linn fruit co-treated groups at different concentrations were significantly (P =0.05) reduced to become comparable to the control group. MSG consumption in high concentration alters renal biofunction and this is also evident in the histology of the studied rats' kidney sections. However, the protective roles of ethanolic extract of Solanum melongena Linn fruit were notably at 500mg/kg of body weight in rats, a pointer to the dose-dependent function. electrolytes used in the assessment of function. that high MSG in renal function There is a significantly (P=0.05) higher serum urea and creatinine concentration in the MSG only group compared to the control induced-toxicity that the function in to free interaction the
{"title":"Renal-Biofunction Potentials of Ethanolic Extract of Solanum Melongena Linn Fruit on Monosodium Glutamate- Intoxicated Rats and Kidney Histology","authors":"U. O. Mbah, Ijere D. Nwanne, O. Jeremiah, Anthony Cemaluk C. Egbuonu","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.98.2019.61.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.98.2019.61.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the renal biofunction potentials of ethanolic extract of Solanum melongena Linn fruit on monosodium glutamate-intoxicated rats' and kidney histology using standard protocol. Twenty four Wistar rats that weighed 105.00 ± 7.00 g were used. The rats were assigned into 6 groups of 4 each and fed thus: Group 1 (control, feed and distilled water only), Group 2 (8000mg/kg body weight monosodium glutamate (MSG)), Group 3 (300mg/kg body weight (bw) the sample extract), Group 4 (8000mg/kg bw MSG + 100mg/kg bw the sample extract ), Group 5(8000mg/kg bw MSG+ 300mg/kg bw the sample extract) and Group 6 (8000mg/kg bw MSG+ 500mg/kg bw the sample extract) daily for 14 days. The results were expressed as mean ± S.E.M and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by a Duncan posthoc test was done to test for significance using SPSS version 22.0. The exposure of MSG resulted in a significant (P =0.05) increase in the activities of serum urea, creatinine, potassium ion, chloride ion, and sodium ion compared to the control. MSG and ethanolic extract of Solanum melongena Linn fruit co-treated groups at different concentrations were significantly (P =0.05) reduced to become comparable to the control group. MSG consumption in high concentration alters renal biofunction and this is also evident in the histology of the studied rats' kidney sections. However, the protective roles of ethanolic extract of Solanum melongena Linn fruit were notably at 500mg/kg of body weight in rats, a pointer to the dose-dependent function. electrolytes used in the assessment of function. that high MSG in renal function There is a significantly (P=0.05) higher serum urea and creatinine concentration in the MSG only group compared to the control induced-toxicity that the function in to free interaction the","PeriodicalId":15645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diagnostics","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85090285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.18488/journal.98.2018.51.1.5
A. O. Olusola, M. O. Akanbi
Background: Malaria remains one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in endemic areas, primarily affecting children under five years of age. The highest death burden occurs in young children who have not yet developed protective immune mechanisms against the parasite. Objective: This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of Plasmodium falciparum infection on liver function in malaria patients in Ikare Akoko, Ondo State Nigeria. Methods: Blood samples taken from 101 patients (children between the ages of 6 months – 5years) at the State Specialist Hospital Ikare Akoko Ondo State Nigeria between August to October, 2012 were examined. After screening, the patients were grouped into two. Group 1, the test group (those who tested positive to falciparum malaria) and a total of 101 children were selected into this group while 101 children who tested negative to malaria were selected into group 2 (control group). Changes in the activities of serum enzymes were determined in both groups using normal range values as baseline. Results: In falciparum malaria patients, the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities respectively were 63.10+2.76, 138.46+5.04, 70.50±4.33 and those of the non infected patients respectively were 62.39+2.96, 131.46+4.38 and 65.57 ±2.39. This indicates the serum levels of ALT, AST and ALP in infected patients were significantly (P = 0.05) elevated relative to their non-infected counterparts, an indication of defective liver function. Conclusion: This study suggests that malaria parasites could be responsible for derangement of the liver functions in patients and could therefore contribute to organ damage in affected individuals if not treated.
{"title":"Effect of Plasmodium Falciparum on Liver Function Parameters of Children in Akoko Area of Ondo State, Nigeria","authors":"A. O. Olusola, M. O. Akanbi","doi":"10.18488/journal.98.2018.51.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.98.2018.51.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malaria remains one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in endemic areas, primarily affecting children under five years of age. The highest death burden occurs in young children who have not yet developed protective immune mechanisms against the parasite. Objective: This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of Plasmodium falciparum infection on liver function in malaria patients in Ikare Akoko, Ondo State Nigeria. Methods: Blood samples taken from 101 patients (children between the ages of 6 months – 5years) at the State Specialist Hospital Ikare Akoko Ondo State Nigeria between August to October, 2012 were examined. After screening, the patients were grouped into two. Group 1, the test group (those who tested positive to falciparum malaria) and a total of 101 children were selected into this group while 101 children who tested negative to malaria were selected into group 2 (control group). Changes in the activities of serum enzymes were determined in both groups using normal range values as baseline. Results: In falciparum malaria patients, the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities respectively were 63.10+2.76, 138.46+5.04, 70.50±4.33 and those of the non infected patients respectively were 62.39+2.96, 131.46+4.38 and 65.57 ±2.39. This indicates the serum levels of ALT, AST and ALP in infected patients were significantly (P = 0.05) elevated relative to their non-infected counterparts, an indication of defective liver function. Conclusion: This study suggests that malaria parasites could be responsible for derangement of the liver functions in patients and could therefore contribute to organ damage in affected individuals if not treated.","PeriodicalId":15645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diagnostics","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84143521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.18488/JOURNAL.98.2017.41.1.5
B. Senturk
This study is among major epidemics in the world and Turkey is conducted to evaluate the seasonality of the risk factors of the disease bovine tuberculosis. The seasonal distribution of Turkey’s outbreak of bovine tuberculosis in the 2005-2014 year was investigated in this study. Office International des Epizooties outbreak data was used to determine Turkey’s monthly bovine tuberculosis outbreak data at the provincial level for this evaluation. Turkey's 81 provinces, seven geographic regions, and 12-month outbreak data are evaluated. The distribution of the four seasons of the outbreak to the coast and inland are analyzed for the determined seasonality of the disease. In the study, it was found that Turkey reached the highest number of outbreaks of the disease throughout the summer at a rate of 29.44%. In the study, the risk of bovine tuberculosis disease, diseases of the seasonality of the summer months when the investigation come to the fore, has been carefully assessed in terms of planning for disease control measures. As a result, reveals how it should be used in the identification of disease-specific risk that results obtained in the fight against the disease in this study and the importance of the fight against the disease. Taking control of the disease and timely measures for the disease will contribute to the reduction of costs related to the disease.
{"title":"Determination of the Seasonality of Bovine Tuberculosis Disease from the Risk Based Disease Management","authors":"B. Senturk","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.98.2017.41.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.98.2017.41.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"This study is among major epidemics in the world and Turkey is conducted to evaluate the seasonality of the risk factors of the disease bovine tuberculosis. The seasonal distribution of Turkey’s outbreak of bovine tuberculosis in the 2005-2014 year was investigated in this study. Office International des Epizooties outbreak data was used to determine Turkey’s monthly bovine tuberculosis outbreak data at the provincial level for this evaluation. Turkey's 81 provinces, seven geographic regions, and 12-month outbreak data are evaluated. The distribution of the four seasons of the outbreak to the coast and inland are analyzed for the determined seasonality of the disease. In the study, it was found that Turkey reached the highest number of outbreaks of the disease throughout the summer at a rate of 29.44%. In the study, the risk of bovine tuberculosis disease, diseases of the seasonality of the summer months when the investigation come to the fore, has been carefully assessed in terms of planning for disease control measures. As a result, reveals how it should be used in the identification of disease-specific risk that results obtained in the fight against the disease in this study and the importance of the fight against the disease. Taking control of the disease and timely measures for the disease will contribute to the reduction of costs related to the disease.","PeriodicalId":15645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diagnostics","volume":"171 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75874228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.18488/JOURNAL.98.2017.41.6.12
Khan Mohd Shahbaaz, M. Surendra, K. Sanjay
Introduction- Lipoma is the most common and most widely distributed tumor seen in the body. The most common clinical presentation is a gradually increasing, soft and non-tender mass. These tumours are very rare in hands and if they are present then they are of small size and usually one in number. Herewith we are presenting a case of Palmar Lipomatosis which had a large tumour and 4 small size tumour in same palm. Case report- Herewith we are reporting a case of a 40 years old female, presented with the complaints of multiple swellings in the right palm. She first noticed a small swelling on the thenar aspect of palm about 1½ years back; which was slowly, progressively increasing in size since then. Meanwhile patient also noticed some other swellings in the same palm. Incisions were given over thenar, hypothenar and at the bases of finger. All the tumors were removed en-masse. Biopsy report was fibrolipoma. Conclusion- Palmar lipoma is very rare tumour. Palm has very limited space for these tumours to grow but still these tumours can be found in palm. Very limited case reports about the lipoma of hand are present in literature. Here we presented a rare case of palmer lipomatosis which has multiple lipomatous swellings in same plam. They were removed successfully without any residual deformity.
{"title":"A Rare Clinical Presentation of Lipoma- Palmar Lipomatosis","authors":"Khan Mohd Shahbaaz, M. Surendra, K. Sanjay","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.98.2017.41.6.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.98.2017.41.6.12","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction- Lipoma is the most common and most widely distributed tumor seen in the body. The most common clinical presentation is a gradually increasing, soft and non-tender mass. These tumours are very rare in hands and if they are present then they are of small size and usually one in number. Herewith we are presenting a case of Palmar Lipomatosis which had a large tumour and 4 small size tumour in same palm. Case report- Herewith we are reporting a case of a 40 years old female, presented with the complaints of multiple swellings in the right palm. She first noticed a small swelling on the thenar aspect of palm about 1½ years back; which was slowly, progressively increasing in size since then. Meanwhile patient also noticed some other swellings in the same palm. Incisions were given over thenar, hypothenar and at the bases of finger. All the tumors were removed en-masse. Biopsy report was fibrolipoma. Conclusion- Palmar lipoma is very rare tumour. Palm has very limited space for these tumours to grow but still these tumours can be found in palm. Very limited case reports about the lipoma of hand are present in literature. Here we presented a rare case of palmer lipomatosis which has multiple lipomatous swellings in same plam. They were removed successfully without any residual deformity.","PeriodicalId":15645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diagnostics","volume":"26 1","pages":"6-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82106372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.18488/journal.98.2017.41.13.28
S. Trifu, A. Teodorescu, Lusia Voinescu Loredana, Eduard Carp George
Making a differential diagnosis between schizoaffective disorder with major depressive episode and paranoid schizophrenia is difficult. The patient is at the threshold of neurotic versus psychotic, the intensity of ideation phenomenon being very high and specific to both disorders, it is required an assessment based on life and disorder history information, but also the emotional presence of the patient in the clinical interview. In this case study we suggest a literature comparison but also an evaluation profile of the disorder, marked by a psychiatric illness in which the person shows both affective symptoms (depressive or maniac) and symptoms of schizophrenia (such as delusions, hallucinations). Hypothesis: symptoms of the patient are oscillating between paranoid elements (paranoid schizophrenia) and affective elements (schizoaffective disorder). These oscillations are based on a fragile Ego structure with cognitive rigidity. The study outlines an immature-dependent personality profile, based on interpretativity, with passive-aggressive elements, hypersensitivity, psychotic operation and through psychotic elements manifested in the past (auditory hallucinations, as voices). Also, the basis of the transfer and counter-transference elements identified, the emotional resonance is low, with a risk of psychotic decompensation. Conclusions: Depressive schizoaffective disorder is characterized by presence of both depressive and schizophrenia symptoms in the same time period. Depressive symptoms includes: depressed mood, reduced interest, sluggishness, low energy, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, feelings of despair. During the same episode are present symptoms of schizophrenia: hallucinations, delusions of control, state of hyper-vigilance, delusions injury. Clinical examination cannot be a chance encounter because the history of mental suffering tight interfere with subject's essential history in that it creates a gap and that subjectivity psychiatric symptoms inferred immense emotional and personal participation of the subject.
{"title":"Major Depression with Delusional Prevalence and Fixation in Neurotransmitters","authors":"S. Trifu, A. Teodorescu, Lusia Voinescu Loredana, Eduard Carp George","doi":"10.18488/journal.98.2017.41.13.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.98.2017.41.13.28","url":null,"abstract":"Making a differential diagnosis between schizoaffective disorder with major depressive episode and paranoid schizophrenia is difficult. The patient is at the threshold of neurotic versus psychotic, the intensity of ideation phenomenon being very high and specific to both disorders, it is required an assessment based on life and disorder history information, but also the emotional presence of the patient in the clinical interview. In this case study we suggest a literature comparison but also an evaluation profile of the disorder, marked by a psychiatric illness in which the person shows both affective symptoms (depressive or maniac) and symptoms of schizophrenia (such as delusions, hallucinations). Hypothesis: symptoms of the patient are oscillating between paranoid elements (paranoid schizophrenia) and affective elements (schizoaffective disorder). These oscillations are based on a fragile Ego structure with cognitive rigidity. The study outlines an immature-dependent personality profile, based on interpretativity, with passive-aggressive elements, hypersensitivity, psychotic operation and through psychotic elements manifested in the past (auditory hallucinations, as voices). Also, the basis of the transfer and counter-transference elements identified, the emotional resonance is low, with a risk of psychotic decompensation. Conclusions: Depressive schizoaffective disorder is characterized by presence of both depressive and schizophrenia symptoms in the same time period. Depressive symptoms includes: depressed mood, reduced interest, sluggishness, low energy, difficulty concentrating, insomnia, feelings of despair. During the same episode are present symptoms of schizophrenia: hallucinations, delusions of control, state of hyper-vigilance, delusions injury. Clinical examination cannot be a chance encounter because the history of mental suffering tight interfere with subject's essential history in that it creates a gap and that subjectivity psychiatric symptoms inferred immense emotional and personal participation of the subject.","PeriodicalId":15645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diagnostics","volume":"1 1","pages":"13-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91342393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.18488/journal.98/2016.3.1/98.1.11.20
Dalal A. Al-Baroudi, Thanaa. A. El-kholy, Reham A. Arafat, A. Ali
The current study aimed to demonstrate the hepatoprotective effect of chamomile extract and its role in relieving the ultrathin structure changes in liver tissue caused by 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D) using electron microscopy.This experiment was performed on 12 -14 weeks old male Wistar rats divided into six groups (six animals each). The first group was kept as control. The second and third groups received orally accumulative doses of 75 and 150 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.), of 2, 4- D respectively. The forth group received orally Chamomile extract (500 mg/kg b.wt.) alone. The last two groups received Chamomile extract with either doses of 2, 4-D (75 or 150 mg/kg b.wt). At the end of the experimental period (4 weeks), the liver was dissected and examined by electron microscope. Histopathological examination of liver sections of rats administered 2, 4-D75 mg/kg showed differences in nuclear shapes and size, envelope and increase in heterochromatin masses. Adminstration of 2, 4-D150mg/kg showed pyknosis and changes inmitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Kupffer cells, increases in lysosomes and lipid droplets. Chamomile group showed the normal control ultra structure of the liver. In group treated with chamomile and 2, 4-D75,there was improvements in all degenerative changes induced by 2, 4-D75. Chamomile and 2, 4-D150 groupshowed partial improvement in both nucleus and the mitochondria. Chamomile reduces the oxidative damage induced by 2, 4-D due to its antioxidant properties. It is recommended that Chamomile extract can be taken to ameliorate hepatotoxicity.
{"title":"The Potential Protective Role of Chamomile Extract on Rat Liver Ultrastructural Changes Induced by 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid","authors":"Dalal A. Al-Baroudi, Thanaa. A. El-kholy, Reham A. Arafat, A. Ali","doi":"10.18488/journal.98/2016.3.1/98.1.11.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.98/2016.3.1/98.1.11.20","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to demonstrate the hepatoprotective effect of chamomile extract and its role in relieving the ultrathin structure changes in liver tissue caused by 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D) using electron microscopy.This experiment was performed on 12 -14 weeks old male Wistar rats divided into six groups (six animals each). The first group was kept as control. The second and third groups received orally accumulative doses of 75 and 150 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.), of 2, 4- D respectively. The forth group received orally Chamomile extract (500 mg/kg b.wt.) alone. The last two groups received Chamomile extract with either doses of 2, 4-D (75 or 150 mg/kg b.wt). At the end of the experimental period (4 weeks), the liver was dissected and examined by electron microscope. Histopathological examination of liver sections of rats administered 2, 4-D75 mg/kg showed differences in nuclear shapes and size, envelope and increase in heterochromatin masses. Adminstration of 2, 4-D150mg/kg showed pyknosis and changes inmitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Kupffer cells, increases in lysosomes and lipid droplets. Chamomile group showed the normal control ultra structure of the liver. In group treated with chamomile and 2, 4-D75,there was improvements in all degenerative changes induced by 2, 4-D75. Chamomile and 2, 4-D150 groupshowed partial improvement in both nucleus and the mitochondria. Chamomile reduces the oxidative damage induced by 2, 4-D due to its antioxidant properties. It is recommended that Chamomile extract can be taken to ameliorate hepatotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":15645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diagnostics","volume":"53 1","pages":"11-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85778802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.18488/JOURNAL.98/2016.3.2/98.2.31.37
G. Pennap, V. Oti
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infections is a sexually transmitted infection worldwide, with public health implications especially as a driving force behind the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic. It is known to cause genital ulcer as well as lesions. It is a lifelong recurrent disease with no cure. Due to the lack of documented HSV-2 studies among HIV patients in this study area with an estimated HIV prevalence of 38.7%, there was a need for estimating the seroprevalence of HSV-2 infection among HIV patients. The sera of 223 consenting HIV positive patients were screened for HSV-2 specific IgG using an ELISA test kit (Cortez Diagnostic, Inc, USA). Chi-square test was performed to identify possible risk factors associated with the viral seropositivity. The overall seroprevalence HSV-2 infection was 77.6%. Females recorded a prevalence of 84.5% and males 51.0% (p > 0.05). Participants aged ≤ 20 and ≥ 61 years recorded a prevalence of 100%, while the lowest prevalence (66.7%) was observed in those aged 51-60 years (p > 0.05). There was a statistically significant association between the seroprevalence of HSV-2 and locality. Patients from the rural setting had a higher prevalence (85.2%) of the infection than those from the urban setting (72.6%) (p ≤ 0.05). However, marital status, occupation, level of education, antiretroviral therapy (ART) status and CD4 counts, had no statistically significant association with HSV-2 infection (p > 0.05). The prevalence of 77.6% reported in this study is a cause for alarm. Awareness campaigns and health education that will promote behavioral change might be the most important strategy to mitigate transmission as most of the infected persons usually show no clinical symptoms.
{"title":"Seroprevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2) Infection among HIV Patients Accessing Healthcare at Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nigeria","authors":"G. Pennap, V. Oti","doi":"10.18488/JOURNAL.98/2016.3.2/98.2.31.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/JOURNAL.98/2016.3.2/98.2.31.37","url":null,"abstract":"Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infections is a sexually transmitted infection worldwide, with public health implications especially as a driving force behind the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic. It is known to cause genital ulcer as well as lesions. It is a lifelong recurrent disease with no cure. Due to the lack of documented HSV-2 studies among HIV patients in this study area with an estimated HIV prevalence of 38.7%, there was a need for estimating the seroprevalence of HSV-2 infection among HIV patients. The sera of 223 consenting HIV positive patients were screened for HSV-2 specific IgG using an ELISA test kit (Cortez Diagnostic, Inc, USA). Chi-square test was performed to identify possible risk factors associated with the viral seropositivity. The overall seroprevalence HSV-2 infection was 77.6%. Females recorded a prevalence of 84.5% and males 51.0% (p > 0.05). Participants aged ≤ 20 and ≥ 61 years recorded a prevalence of 100%, while the lowest prevalence (66.7%) was observed in those aged 51-60 years (p > 0.05). There was a statistically significant association between the seroprevalence of HSV-2 and locality. Patients from the rural setting had a higher prevalence (85.2%) of the infection than those from the urban setting (72.6%) (p ≤ 0.05). However, marital status, occupation, level of education, antiretroviral therapy (ART) status and CD4 counts, had no statistically significant association with HSV-2 infection (p > 0.05). The prevalence of 77.6% reported in this study is a cause for alarm. Awareness campaigns and health education that will promote behavioral change might be the most important strategy to mitigate transmission as most of the infected persons usually show no clinical symptoms.","PeriodicalId":15645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diagnostics","volume":"1 1","pages":"31-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89873169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.18488/journal.98/2016.3.2/98.2.27.30
J. Okudo
Rickets, a condition caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, has a myriad of presentations and affects children all over the world. Infants who are exclusively breastfed by mothers who are vitamin D deficient are affected, particularly in the absence of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy. While breast feeding is encouraged, breast milk is deficient in vitamin D thus; exclusively breastfed infants require vitamin D supplementation. This case describes a three-week-old male infant with a continuum of rickets, which went undiagnosed from the initial presentation of noisy, difficult breathing and snoring at the pediatric emergency department. This case emphasizes that rickets may not always have a classical presentation.
{"title":"Dyspnea as an Unusual Presentation of Rickets in A 3-Month-Old Infant: A Case Report","authors":"J. Okudo","doi":"10.18488/journal.98/2016.3.2/98.2.27.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.98/2016.3.2/98.2.27.30","url":null,"abstract":"Rickets, a condition caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, has a myriad of presentations and affects children all over the world. Infants who are exclusively breastfed by mothers who are vitamin D deficient are affected, particularly in the absence of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy. While breast feeding is encouraged, breast milk is deficient in vitamin D thus; exclusively breastfed infants require vitamin D supplementation. This case describes a three-week-old male infant with a continuum of rickets, which went undiagnosed from the initial presentation of noisy, difficult breathing and snoring at the pediatric emergency department. This case emphasizes that rickets may not always have a classical presentation.","PeriodicalId":15645,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diagnostics","volume":"489 1","pages":"27-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77805120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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