Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15589250231198369
Wenshuo Zhu, Yuan Xue, Yourong Chen, Yaojun Wang, Huanqiang Shi
In this paper, the full-color-gamut grid color mixture model containing 601 grid points is constructed by ternary double coupling blending of seven primary-color fibers, and the spinning method of full-color-gamut melange yarn is given by combining with three-channel NC rotor spinning technology. A modified S-N color prediction model was constructed by selecting 55 uniformly distributed grid points for yarn and fabric production from the full-color-gamut grid color mixture model as samples for solving the reflectance conversion coefficients. On this basis, the method of predicting the color value of a melange yarn based on its primary-color fiber composition and blending ratio and predicting the primary-color fiber composition and blending ratio based on the color value of a melange yarn using the parameters of the nearest sample grid point is proposed, and six samples with different blending ratios in six color mixing regions of the full-color-gamut grid color mixture model are designed for validation. The results showed that the average color difference between the predicted color and the actual color of the melange yarn is 1.15, the predicted primary-color fiber composition of the melange yarn is consistent with the actual composition, and the average error between the predicted blending ratio and the actual blending ratio is 3.95%. The method proposed in this paper can effectively predict the color value and blending ratio of melange yarn.
{"title":"Construction of grid color mixture model of seven primary-color and modified Stearns-Noechel color matching algorithm for color prediction of full-color-gamut rotor melange yarn","authors":"Wenshuo Zhu, Yuan Xue, Yourong Chen, Yaojun Wang, Huanqiang Shi","doi":"10.1177/15589250231198369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589250231198369","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the full-color-gamut grid color mixture model containing 601 grid points is constructed by ternary double coupling blending of seven primary-color fibers, and the spinning method of full-color-gamut melange yarn is given by combining with three-channel NC rotor spinning technology. A modified S-N color prediction model was constructed by selecting 55 uniformly distributed grid points for yarn and fabric production from the full-color-gamut grid color mixture model as samples for solving the reflectance conversion coefficients. On this basis, the method of predicting the color value of a melange yarn based on its primary-color fiber composition and blending ratio and predicting the primary-color fiber composition and blending ratio based on the color value of a melange yarn using the parameters of the nearest sample grid point is proposed, and six samples with different blending ratios in six color mixing regions of the full-color-gamut grid color mixture model are designed for validation. The results showed that the average color difference between the predicted color and the actual color of the melange yarn is 1.15, the predicted primary-color fiber composition of the melange yarn is consistent with the actual composition, and the average error between the predicted blending ratio and the actual blending ratio is 3.95%. The method proposed in this paper can effectively predict the color value and blending ratio of melange yarn.","PeriodicalId":15718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135443163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15589250231181701
Nadiia P Bukhonka
The structural characteristics, dimensional change after four washing cycles, non-creasing properties and air permeability of Swiss double piqué knitted fabrics from cotton/flax (70% cotton, 30% flax), PAN/flax (70% PAN, 30% flax) and 100% flax yarns have been investigated. These knitted fabric samples of varying densities were produced on a 10 -gauge circular knitting machine. The results of investigation showed that the structural characteristics, dimensional change in washing, non-creasing properties and air permeability are highly dependent on the type of yarn used. Besides the type of yarn, the structural characteristics, such as the number of wales W and courses C per centimeter, fabric stitch density S, weight Ws, and fabric tightness K, are also influenced by the average loop length la. The weight Ws and thickness t of knitted fabrics are determined by the diameter of the yarn used. Usually, primary dimensional alterations of knitted fabrics of all yarn types occur after the first and second washing cycles. The non-creasing properties of the examined knitted fabrics are mainly affected by the type of yarn, rather than the average loop length la. Lastly, the air permeability AP of knitted fabrics is affected by the type of yarn, the average loop length la, and fabric density S.
{"title":"Experimental study of structural characteristics, dimensional change in washing, non-creasing properties and air permeability of Swiss double piqué flax knit fabrics","authors":"Nadiia P Bukhonka","doi":"10.1177/15589250231181701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589250231181701","url":null,"abstract":"The structural characteristics, dimensional change after four washing cycles, non-creasing properties and air permeability of Swiss double piqué knitted fabrics from cotton/flax (70% cotton, 30% flax), PAN/flax (70% PAN, 30% flax) and 100% flax yarns have been investigated. These knitted fabric samples of varying densities were produced on a 10 -gauge circular knitting machine. The results of investigation showed that the structural characteristics, dimensional change in washing, non-creasing properties and air permeability are highly dependent on the type of yarn used. Besides the type of yarn, the structural characteristics, such as the number of wales W and courses C per centimeter, fabric stitch density S, weight Ws, and fabric tightness K, are also influenced by the average loop length la. The weight Ws and thickness t of knitted fabrics are determined by the diameter of the yarn used. Usually, primary dimensional alterations of knitted fabrics of all yarn types occur after the first and second washing cycles. The non-creasing properties of the examined knitted fabrics are mainly affected by the type of yarn, rather than the average loop length la. Lastly, the air permeability AP of knitted fabrics is affected by the type of yarn, the average loop length la, and fabric density S.","PeriodicalId":15718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43852109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15589250221148850
Huixian Zhang, H. Bai, Nan Wang, Q. Zhang, Qiang Fu
This article focus on derive the process-structure-property relationship of Poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) fibers prepared by two-step melt spinning process. The spinning temperature, spinning rate, drawing temperature as well as draw ratio were studied to analyze the influence of process variables on the structure and properties of PLLA fibers. It suggests that the crystallinity, lamellar orientation structure and mechanical properties of fibers are dependent on the spinning conditions, including melt-spinning and hot-drawing process. An approximate linear correlation resulted between the orientation degree and tensile strength of PLLA fibers, which means that the oriented structure plays a dominant role to enhance PLLA fibers. PLLA fibers with high performance of 499 MPa and 5.30 GPa in tensile strength and Young’s modulus separately have been realized by the selected spinning parameters. The results provide a theoretical direction for enhancing PLLA fibers by adjusting the structure characteristic via modifying the spinning parameters.
{"title":"The study of correlations among the process condition, structure and property for poly(l-lactide) fibers","authors":"Huixian Zhang, H. Bai, Nan Wang, Q. Zhang, Qiang Fu","doi":"10.1177/15589250221148850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589250221148850","url":null,"abstract":"This article focus on derive the process-structure-property relationship of Poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) fibers prepared by two-step melt spinning process. The spinning temperature, spinning rate, drawing temperature as well as draw ratio were studied to analyze the influence of process variables on the structure and properties of PLLA fibers. It suggests that the crystallinity, lamellar orientation structure and mechanical properties of fibers are dependent on the spinning conditions, including melt-spinning and hot-drawing process. An approximate linear correlation resulted between the orientation degree and tensile strength of PLLA fibers, which means that the oriented structure plays a dominant role to enhance PLLA fibers. PLLA fibers with high performance of 499 MPa and 5.30 GPa in tensile strength and Young’s modulus separately have been realized by the selected spinning parameters. The results provide a theoretical direction for enhancing PLLA fibers by adjusting the structure characteristic via modifying the spinning parameters.","PeriodicalId":15718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48422175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15589250231157732
Chongchang Yang, Junping Zhang, Fei Li, He Ye, Yingcui Yang, Pei Feng
In this work, a preparation method of three-component composite fibers with complex cross-sectional patterns is proposed, and the fibers with complex cross-sectional patterns are fabricated using melt spinning. Initially, inspired by the shape of a fishbone, a spinning pack with three-component melt channels is designed for spinning fibers with a fishbone cross-sectional pattern. Then, the numerical simulation of the melt flow in the channels of the spinning pack is performed using Polyflow software. The spinning pack structure is optimized by analyzing the flow velocity distribution and shear rate distribution of different components within the spinning pack channels. The results show that smaller velocity fluctuations contribute to the clarity of the cross-sectional pattern. Thereafter, the spinning experiments are carried out based on the optimized spinning pack. The effect of the flow ratio between the three components on the cross-sectional pattern is discussed, and the three-component composite fibers with a clear fishbone cross-sectional pattern is obtained. Finally, in order to further study the effectiveness of the complex cross-sectional pattern fiber preparation proposed in this paper, another spinning pack for fibers with an H-shaped cross-sectional pattern is designed according to the aforementioned method, and spinning experiments are carried out. The SEM images of the cross-sections of fibers with fishbone and H-shaped cross-sectional patterns are obtained, verifying the feasibility of the method proposed in this paper. Moreover, the fibers with complex cross-sectional patterns obtained by this method have a certain anti-counterfeiting effect and can also be blended with other yarns to obtain fabrics with anti-counterfeiting effects.
{"title":"Research on manufacturing of three component composite fiber with complex cross-section pattern","authors":"Chongchang Yang, Junping Zhang, Fei Li, He Ye, Yingcui Yang, Pei Feng","doi":"10.1177/15589250231157732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589250231157732","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a preparation method of three-component composite fibers with complex cross-sectional patterns is proposed, and the fibers with complex cross-sectional patterns are fabricated using melt spinning. Initially, inspired by the shape of a fishbone, a spinning pack with three-component melt channels is designed for spinning fibers with a fishbone cross-sectional pattern. Then, the numerical simulation of the melt flow in the channels of the spinning pack is performed using Polyflow software. The spinning pack structure is optimized by analyzing the flow velocity distribution and shear rate distribution of different components within the spinning pack channels. The results show that smaller velocity fluctuations contribute to the clarity of the cross-sectional pattern. Thereafter, the spinning experiments are carried out based on the optimized spinning pack. The effect of the flow ratio between the three components on the cross-sectional pattern is discussed, and the three-component composite fibers with a clear fishbone cross-sectional pattern is obtained. Finally, in order to further study the effectiveness of the complex cross-sectional pattern fiber preparation proposed in this paper, another spinning pack for fibers with an H-shaped cross-sectional pattern is designed according to the aforementioned method, and spinning experiments are carried out. The SEM images of the cross-sections of fibers with fishbone and H-shaped cross-sectional patterns are obtained, verifying the feasibility of the method proposed in this paper. Moreover, the fibers with complex cross-sectional patterns obtained by this method have a certain anti-counterfeiting effect and can also be blended with other yarns to obtain fabrics with anti-counterfeiting effects.","PeriodicalId":15718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46911550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15589250231180248
E. Taştan Özkan, B. Kaplangiray, U. Sekir, Ş. Şahin
Garments should not overload the body during activity and should be chosen in accordance with the ambient conditions. Especially in active sports, sportswear should make a person feel comfortable and increase performance by easily removing excess heat and moisture from the body without interrupting physical activity. In this study, five T-shirts with the same size and weight characteristics, but in different yarn types were produced and analysed. The thermal and water vapour resistance properties of these garments were measured using a thermal manikin system. In addition, thermal camera images were taken at 10-minute intervals during the 50-minute wear trial programme, and skin temperatures were measured from the upper front body and the upper back body with two sensors. The results showed that POS and PM-coded garments made of polyester with low clothing insulation (clo) values were statistically different from CS and CPS coded cotton-containing garments in terms of front and back surface thermal camera images. It was observed that cotton-containing garments were more uncomfortable than polyester and Tencel owing to their higher thermal resistance, garment surface temperature, and skin temperature values. The Tencel garment was measured similarly to the CS and CPS coded garments at the beginning of the activity and measured similarly to the POS and PM coded garments at the end of the activity on both surfaces.
{"title":"Investigation of the thermal comfort of the sportswear by standing thermal manikin and thermal imaging techniques","authors":"E. Taştan Özkan, B. Kaplangiray, U. Sekir, Ş. Şahin","doi":"10.1177/15589250231180248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589250231180248","url":null,"abstract":"Garments should not overload the body during activity and should be chosen in accordance with the ambient conditions. Especially in active sports, sportswear should make a person feel comfortable and increase performance by easily removing excess heat and moisture from the body without interrupting physical activity. In this study, five T-shirts with the same size and weight characteristics, but in different yarn types were produced and analysed. The thermal and water vapour resistance properties of these garments were measured using a thermal manikin system. In addition, thermal camera images were taken at 10-minute intervals during the 50-minute wear trial programme, and skin temperatures were measured from the upper front body and the upper back body with two sensors. The results showed that POS and PM-coded garments made of polyester with low clothing insulation (clo) values were statistically different from CS and CPS coded cotton-containing garments in terms of front and back surface thermal camera images. It was observed that cotton-containing garments were more uncomfortable than polyester and Tencel owing to their higher thermal resistance, garment surface temperature, and skin temperature values. The Tencel garment was measured similarly to the CS and CPS coded garments at the beginning of the activity and measured similarly to the POS and PM coded garments at the end of the activity on both surfaces.","PeriodicalId":15718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47410157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15589250231181669
Zhihang Li, Junjie Tang, Kuanmin Mao, Zhou Zhu
Molded pulp products can improve the utilization of recycled paper by achieving close to zero waste emission and a 100% recycling rate, while satisfying the national goals for recycled packaging materials of various countries. Molded pulp products are often designed using finite-element simulations to optimize their performance, which requires the input of accurate material properties. However, studies on the constitutive model, an essential factor related to material properties, are still rare. This study investigated the mechanical behavior of the molded pulp material to simplify the parameters and improve the accuracy of the constitutive model. The fiber distribution and connection within the molded pulp material were investigated; treating the pores of the molded pulp as a virtual material enhances the meso-mechanical model and gives a transversely isotropic constitutive model. The elastic modulus in the thickness direction was calculated as 1.5997 MPa, and the experimentally measured value is 1.5368 MPa. The error of proposed model is 4.1%, but significantly smaller than treating molded pulp as an isotropic material, the error of which is ~80 times larger of experimental result.
{"title":"Constitutive model and experimental study of molded pulp material","authors":"Zhihang Li, Junjie Tang, Kuanmin Mao, Zhou Zhu","doi":"10.1177/15589250231181669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589250231181669","url":null,"abstract":"Molded pulp products can improve the utilization of recycled paper by achieving close to zero waste emission and a 100% recycling rate, while satisfying the national goals for recycled packaging materials of various countries. Molded pulp products are often designed using finite-element simulations to optimize their performance, which requires the input of accurate material properties. However, studies on the constitutive model, an essential factor related to material properties, are still rare. This study investigated the mechanical behavior of the molded pulp material to simplify the parameters and improve the accuracy of the constitutive model. The fiber distribution and connection within the molded pulp material were investigated; treating the pores of the molded pulp as a virtual material enhances the meso-mechanical model and gives a transversely isotropic constitutive model. The elastic modulus in the thickness direction was calculated as 1.5997 MPa, and the experimentally measured value is 1.5368 MPa. The error of proposed model is 4.1%, but significantly smaller than treating molded pulp as an isotropic material, the error of which is ~80 times larger of experimental result.","PeriodicalId":15718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42479739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15589250231151242
Gabriela Maestri, L. B. Ferreira, Pedro Bachmann, Ana AM Paim, Claudia Merlini, F. Steffens
Smart textiles (ST) can be defined as materials capable of detecting an external stimulus, responding, and adapting its behavior according to the stimulus obtained. The field of study and development of these materials is extensive, and ST can be seen in areas such as health, transport, security, civil construction, and sports. Piezoelectric textiles are part of the ST category and are characterized due the ability to generate electrical energy from mechanical stimulus, and vice versa. Therefore, the main objective of this review is to present the current research on piezoelectric ST. In addition, the study highlights the process of obtaining materials with piezoelectric properties and the challenges and limitations, seeking to understand the contribution of the development of these materials in the field of wearable electronic devices. Thus, the main challenge in developing piezoelectric textiles is in the ability to supply energy to electronic devices to be applied in various fields such as motion detection, acoustics, impact absorption, among others. Moreover, piezoelectric ST is remarkably promising for the development of wearable electronic textiles (e-textiles) that consequently impact the creation of new functional materials that enable renewable sources to offer a positive contribution in the daily society.
{"title":"Recent advances in piezoelectric textile materials: A brief literature review","authors":"Gabriela Maestri, L. B. Ferreira, Pedro Bachmann, Ana AM Paim, Claudia Merlini, F. Steffens","doi":"10.1177/15589250231151242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589250231151242","url":null,"abstract":"Smart textiles (ST) can be defined as materials capable of detecting an external stimulus, responding, and adapting its behavior according to the stimulus obtained. The field of study and development of these materials is extensive, and ST can be seen in areas such as health, transport, security, civil construction, and sports. Piezoelectric textiles are part of the ST category and are characterized due the ability to generate electrical energy from mechanical stimulus, and vice versa. Therefore, the main objective of this review is to present the current research on piezoelectric ST. In addition, the study highlights the process of obtaining materials with piezoelectric properties and the challenges and limitations, seeking to understand the contribution of the development of these materials in the field of wearable electronic devices. Thus, the main challenge in developing piezoelectric textiles is in the ability to supply energy to electronic devices to be applied in various fields such as motion detection, acoustics, impact absorption, among others. Moreover, piezoelectric ST is remarkably promising for the development of wearable electronic textiles (e-textiles) that consequently impact the creation of new functional materials that enable renewable sources to offer a positive contribution in the daily society.","PeriodicalId":15718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42639030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15589250231203381
Jan Lukas Storck, Liska Steenbock, Marius Dotter, Herbert Funke, Andrea Ehrmann
A first limited approach for the automated production of crocheted fabrics was introduced in 2019. However, the knowledge on crocheted fabrics is very scarce and only few technical applications are presented in the literature. To provide a basis for possible future technical applications, the general tensile properties of crocheted fabrics are explored, and a promising application as composite reinforcement is introduced. Due to the early development state of the crochet machine prototype, conventionally hand-made crocheted fabrics are studied and the benefit of improving the machine is evaluated. The mechanical properties of crocheted fabrics depend significantly on the individual crocheter, but fabrics produced from the same person are sufficiently reproducible for reasonable investigations. Anisotropic properties with a trend toward higher resisted forces in course compared to wale direction were identified with crochets constructed from single crochet (sc) and from half double crochet (hdc) stitches. Furthermore, a tendency toward higher possible loads at larger elongations was revealed for crocheted fabrics compared to knitted ones. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time crocheted aramid fabrics were used in epoxy composites. With a crocheted reinforcement in a non-cut composite produced by vacuum-assisted hand lay-up, significantly higher ultimate tensile strength and Young’s modulus were recorded compared to a knitted one with comparable fracture modes.
{"title":"Principle capabilities of crocheted fabrics for composite materials","authors":"Jan Lukas Storck, Liska Steenbock, Marius Dotter, Herbert Funke, Andrea Ehrmann","doi":"10.1177/15589250231203381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589250231203381","url":null,"abstract":"A first limited approach for the automated production of crocheted fabrics was introduced in 2019. However, the knowledge on crocheted fabrics is very scarce and only few technical applications are presented in the literature. To provide a basis for possible future technical applications, the general tensile properties of crocheted fabrics are explored, and a promising application as composite reinforcement is introduced. Due to the early development state of the crochet machine prototype, conventionally hand-made crocheted fabrics are studied and the benefit of improving the machine is evaluated. The mechanical properties of crocheted fabrics depend significantly on the individual crocheter, but fabrics produced from the same person are sufficiently reproducible for reasonable investigations. Anisotropic properties with a trend toward higher resisted forces in course compared to wale direction were identified with crochets constructed from single crochet (sc) and from half double crochet (hdc) stitches. Furthermore, a tendency toward higher possible loads at larger elongations was revealed for crocheted fabrics compared to knitted ones. To the best of our knowledge, for the first time crocheted aramid fabrics were used in epoxy composites. With a crocheted reinforcement in a non-cut composite produced by vacuum-assisted hand lay-up, significantly higher ultimate tensile strength and Young’s modulus were recorded compared to a knitted one with comparable fracture modes.","PeriodicalId":15718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135006992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15589250231198514
Vivek Kumar Dhimole, Humayun Kabir, Chongdu Cho
The present research signifies a new modeling method for calculating the stiffness of braided composites. In previous works, the modeling approach has been related to repetitive unit cells for analysis of braided composites based on a single area or a few added areas. Also, no confirmed modeling method has recently been available for braided composites because of different fibers’ configuration considerations. Therefore, there is no preferred one, and fiber bundle arrangements are complex in practicality; it is unclear whether their shape is straight or curved. Also, the previously proposed mesoscale repetitive unit cell models have many elements and nodes in the finite element analysis phase, so applying periodic boundary and mesh conditions can mislead the results when they are used. So current research proposes a multi-cell multi-domain strategy and verifies it for modeling and computation of mechanical properties while showing the significance of braiding path and manufacturing process. The currently proposed method is tested with selected sections’ configuration and shown for actual braided composites’ scenario. So, according to the literature, the section is modeled as a complex shape with a squeezing effect. Then, that model is analyzed, and calculated properties are verified by the existing methods and found results with a maximum and minimum difference of 2.7% and 0.25%, respectively. Afterward, it is divided into cells, which are then analyzed and checked to determine which number of simplistic division stages can represent a section. It is found that a minimum of 15 divisions can be defined with a maximum 2% difference, and over that has approximately the same results as of the current considered section model. Additionally, the study examines how the elastic constants of 2D braided composites are influenced by the braiding angle and fiber volume fractions.
{"title":"A new modeling method to predict the mechanical properties of braided composites","authors":"Vivek Kumar Dhimole, Humayun Kabir, Chongdu Cho","doi":"10.1177/15589250231198514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589250231198514","url":null,"abstract":"The present research signifies a new modeling method for calculating the stiffness of braided composites. In previous works, the modeling approach has been related to repetitive unit cells for analysis of braided composites based on a single area or a few added areas. Also, no confirmed modeling method has recently been available for braided composites because of different fibers’ configuration considerations. Therefore, there is no preferred one, and fiber bundle arrangements are complex in practicality; it is unclear whether their shape is straight or curved. Also, the previously proposed mesoscale repetitive unit cell models have many elements and nodes in the finite element analysis phase, so applying periodic boundary and mesh conditions can mislead the results when they are used. So current research proposes a multi-cell multi-domain strategy and verifies it for modeling and computation of mechanical properties while showing the significance of braiding path and manufacturing process. The currently proposed method is tested with selected sections’ configuration and shown for actual braided composites’ scenario. So, according to the literature, the section is modeled as a complex shape with a squeezing effect. Then, that model is analyzed, and calculated properties are verified by the existing methods and found results with a maximum and minimum difference of 2.7% and 0.25%, respectively. Afterward, it is divided into cells, which are then analyzed and checked to determine which number of simplistic division stages can represent a section. It is found that a minimum of 15 divisions can be defined with a maximum 2% difference, and over that has approximately the same results as of the current considered section model. Additionally, the study examines how the elastic constants of 2D braided composites are influenced by the braiding angle and fiber volume fractions.","PeriodicalId":15718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136306799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1177/15589250231200612
YuJie Wang, YaQin Chen, Jun Wang, Shahid Iqbal
In recent years, the exceptional performance of steel fiber-reinforced concrete in blast and impact resistance has garnered widespread recognition, sparking considerable interest in its practical application in small box girders. To this end, nine groups of Trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosion simulation experiments were designed with the equivalent magnitudes matching those of actual automobile explosions to evaluate the anti-explosion and anti-penetration capabilities of steel fiber-reinforced concrete and ordinary concrete using the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method and the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics-ALE method. The aim was to explore the application prospects of steel fiber-reinforced concrete in small box girders. The research results demonstrate that with increasing TNT equivalent, the leading cause of breach to concrete slabs changes from spalling to cratering. The penetration resistance of steel fiber-reinforced concrete slabs is superior to its blast resistance. However, when the explosive force is larger than the sedan, the anti-explosion effect of steel fiber-reinforced concrete slabs becomes negligible. Moreover, under typical automobile explosion loads, the addition of 2% steel fibers can reduce spalling by up to 23% and cratering by up to 13% and can decrease the area of penetration damage by up to 47%. In designing blast-resistant structures, steel fiber-reinforced concrete is not recommended to enhance the blast resistance of bridges when the TNT equivalent exceeds 500 kg.
{"title":"Application of steel fiber concrete in small box girder under vehicle explosion load","authors":"YuJie Wang, YaQin Chen, Jun Wang, Shahid Iqbal","doi":"10.1177/15589250231200612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15589250231200612","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the exceptional performance of steel fiber-reinforced concrete in blast and impact resistance has garnered widespread recognition, sparking considerable interest in its practical application in small box girders. To this end, nine groups of Trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosion simulation experiments were designed with the equivalent magnitudes matching those of actual automobile explosions to evaluate the anti-explosion and anti-penetration capabilities of steel fiber-reinforced concrete and ordinary concrete using the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method and the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics-ALE method. The aim was to explore the application prospects of steel fiber-reinforced concrete in small box girders. The research results demonstrate that with increasing TNT equivalent, the leading cause of breach to concrete slabs changes from spalling to cratering. The penetration resistance of steel fiber-reinforced concrete slabs is superior to its blast resistance. However, when the explosive force is larger than the sedan, the anti-explosion effect of steel fiber-reinforced concrete slabs becomes negligible. Moreover, under typical automobile explosion loads, the addition of 2% steel fibers can reduce spalling by up to 23% and cratering by up to 13% and can decrease the area of penetration damage by up to 47%. In designing blast-resistant structures, steel fiber-reinforced concrete is not recommended to enhance the blast resistance of bridges when the TNT equivalent exceeds 500 kg.","PeriodicalId":15718,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：