Chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz) and kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var gongylodes L.) are medicinal plants widely distributed in Thailand. Several traditional medicines usually contain these extracts due to their pharmaceutical activities. However, appropriate technologies that are used for protection, stabilization, and slow release of plant extracts are a lot desired in terms of food application. In this study, chayote and kohlrabi extracts were encapsulated by several kinds of wall materials (maltodextrin, and the combination of maltodextrin and gum arabic or alginate) and drying methods (freeze-drying and tray-drying techniques). Thus, the objective of this research was to determine morphological and physicochemical properties, wall materials releasing, and antioxidant activity of encapsulated chayote and kohlrabi extracts powder. The morphology of all encapsulated chayote and kohlrabi extracts powder showed irregular spherical shape, monodispersity, and smooth surface. The encapsulated chayote and kohlrabi extracts powder with tray-drying technique tend to have more darkness and redness in color than the freeze-drying technique. Wall material releasing was expressed in glucose liberation of encapsulated extracts powder after amylolytic enzyme digestion. Encapsulation using maltodextrin as wall material provided higher wall material releasing than the other samples. After digestion analysis, the digested residues were examined for antioxidant activity. The results showed that the combination of maltodextrin and alginate for both freeze-drying and tray-drying techniques provided higher antioxidant activity after 60 and 120 min of digestion. Thus, the combination of maltodextrin and alginate, and drying with the freeze-drying technique was the best treatment in this experiment. This data can lead to a better understanding of wall materials types and releasing characteristics, which are used to control bioactive compounds liberation in the gastrointestinal tract.
佛手柑(佛手柑)Swartz)和甘蓝(Brassica oleracea var gongylodes L.)是广泛分布在泰国的药用植物。由于其药物活性，一些传统药物通常含有这些提取物。然而，在食品应用方面，需要适当的技术来保护、稳定和缓释植物提取物。本研究采用不同的壁材(麦芽糊精、麦芽糊精与阿拉伯胶或海藻酸盐的复合)和干燥方法(冷冻干燥和托盘干燥技术)对佛手瓜和甘蓝提取物进行包封。因此，本研究的目的是测定包封佛手瓜和甘蓝提取物粉末的形态、理化性质、壁材释放量和抗氧化活性。所有包封的佛手瓜和甘蓝提取物粉末形貌呈不规则球形，单分散，表面光滑。封装的佛手瓜和甘蓝提取物粉末tray-drying技术往往有更多的黑暗和红颜色比冷冻干燥技术。酶解后囊化提取物粉末的葡萄糖释放表现为壁物质释放。以麦芽糖糊精为壁材的包封比其他样品具有更高的壁材释放率。消化分析后，检测了消化残留物的抗氧化活性。结果表明，麦芽糖糊精与海藻酸盐的组合在60 min和120 min消化后均具有较高的抗氧化活性。因此，麦芽糖糊精与海藻酸盐组合，并用冷冻干燥技术进行干燥是本试验的最佳处理方案。这些数据可以更好地了解壁材料类型和释放特性，用于控制胃肠道中生物活性化合物的释放。
{"title":"Impact of Encapsulation Wall Materials and Drying Method on Physicochemical Properties and Digestibility of Encapsulated Chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz) and Kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var gongylodes L.) Extracts","authors":"Thongkorn Ploypetchara, Waraporn Sorndech, Chiramet Auranwiwat, W. Sumsakul, Monsicha Pinthong, Antika Kansuwan, Siriporn Butseekhot, Sinee Siricoon","doi":"10.37256/fse.3120221110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37256/fse.3120221110","url":null,"abstract":"Chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz) and kohlrabi (Brassica oleracea var gongylodes L.) are medicinal plants widely distributed in Thailand. Several traditional medicines usually contain these extracts due to their pharmaceutical activities. However, appropriate technologies that are used for protection, stabilization, and slow release of plant extracts are a lot desired in terms of food application. In this study, chayote and kohlrabi extracts were encapsulated by several kinds of wall materials (maltodextrin, and the combination of maltodextrin and gum arabic or alginate) and drying methods (freeze-drying and tray-drying techniques). Thus, the objective of this research was to determine morphological and physicochemical properties, wall materials releasing, and antioxidant activity of encapsulated chayote and kohlrabi extracts powder. The morphology of all encapsulated chayote and kohlrabi extracts powder showed irregular spherical shape, monodispersity, and smooth surface. The encapsulated chayote and kohlrabi extracts powder with tray-drying technique tend to have more darkness and redness in color than the freeze-drying technique. Wall material releasing was expressed in glucose liberation of encapsulated extracts powder after amylolytic enzyme digestion. Encapsulation using maltodextrin as wall material provided higher wall material releasing than the other samples. After digestion analysis, the digested residues were examined for antioxidant activity. The results showed that the combination of maltodextrin and alginate for both freeze-drying and tray-drying techniques provided higher antioxidant activity after 60 and 120 min of digestion. Thus, the combination of maltodextrin and alginate, and drying with the freeze-drying technique was the best treatment in this experiment. This data can lead to a better understanding of wall materials types and releasing characteristics, which are used to control bioactive compounds liberation in the gastrointestinal tract.","PeriodicalId":15835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Engineering","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87088224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Deepak Singh, N. Patel, Nisha Singh, KG Rosin, Devideen Yadav, S. Singh, Anand Kumar Gupta, Anita Kumawat, Vinod Kumar Sharma, Manoj Kumar
The present study was conducted at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India, to evaluate the effect of sand-disc filters, pressure compensating (bioline) and non-pressure compensating (inline) emitters, and surface and subsurface placement of laterals on emitter clogging using wastewater and groundwater for irrigation. Results of this study revealed that besides water quality, the type of emitter, placement of laterals, and emitter position on laterals affected emitter's clogging. The major cause of clogging was associated with the precipitated substance accumulated at the emitter inlet concurrently close the micro-pore channels of the emitter, consequently reduce the emitter discharge. The major substances that took part in the clogging of emitter were EC, pH, HCO3, Turbidity, total solid, Escherichia coli (E. coli), and total coliform. It was observed that these substances (HCO3, Turbidity, total solid, E. coli, and total coliform) of groundwater and wastewater were categorized with a medium risk of clogging except for magnesium (low risk of clogging). Pressure compensating drip emitter showed better performance against clogging as compared to non-pressure compensating drip emitter. Sub-surface placement of drip emitter was more prone to clogging under both wastewater and groundwater. It was observed a significant (p ≤ 0.05) effect of lateral placement, emitter types, and the interaction between these factors on emitter's clogging under both types of water. Emitter flow rate decreased with the increasing time of operation of the drip systems at normal operating pressure, because of clogging of emitters. By flushing operation, it was observed a 3 to 5% higher flow rate in inline drip emitter than bioline (1-2%). The R2 value, which precisely describes the head-discharge relationship, was high (0.99) in most of the bioline treatments. This study also observed and recommended that pressure compensating emitter would be the most appropriate technique to reduce the clogging while using wastewater for irrigation. Flushing effectively controlled the emitter's clogging thus improved the emitter's water discharge rate.
{"title":"Emitter Clogging and Hydraulic Performance of Drip System under Different Water Qualities and Placement Techniques","authors":"Deepak Singh, N. Patel, Nisha Singh, KG Rosin, Devideen Yadav, S. Singh, Anand Kumar Gupta, Anita Kumawat, Vinod Kumar Sharma, Manoj Kumar","doi":"10.37256/fse.222021993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37256/fse.222021993","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India, to evaluate the effect of sand-disc filters, pressure compensating (bioline) and non-pressure compensating (inline) emitters, and surface and subsurface placement of laterals on emitter clogging using wastewater and groundwater for irrigation. Results of this study revealed that besides water quality, the type of emitter, placement of laterals, and emitter position on laterals affected emitter's clogging. The major cause of clogging was associated with the precipitated substance accumulated at the emitter inlet concurrently close the micro-pore channels of the emitter, consequently reduce the emitter discharge. The major substances that took part in the clogging of emitter were EC, pH, HCO3, Turbidity, total solid, Escherichia coli (E. coli), and total coliform. It was observed that these substances (HCO3, Turbidity, total solid, E. coli, and total coliform) of groundwater and wastewater were categorized with a medium risk of clogging except for magnesium (low risk of clogging). Pressure compensating drip emitter showed better performance against clogging as compared to non-pressure compensating drip emitter. Sub-surface placement of drip emitter was more prone to clogging under both wastewater and groundwater. It was observed a significant (p ≤ 0.05) effect of lateral placement, emitter types, and the interaction between these factors on emitter's clogging under both types of water. Emitter flow rate decreased with the increasing time of operation of the drip systems at normal operating pressure, because of clogging of emitters. By flushing operation, it was observed a 3 to 5% higher flow rate in inline drip emitter than bioline (1-2%). The R2 value, which precisely describes the head-discharge relationship, was high (0.99) in most of the bioline treatments. This study also observed and recommended that pressure compensating emitter would be the most appropriate technique to reduce the clogging while using wastewater for irrigation. Flushing effectively controlled the emitter's clogging thus improved the emitter's water discharge rate.","PeriodicalId":15835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Engineering","volume":"156 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73271858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Rodrigues, Danielle R Gonçalves, D. Baeta, J. Manthey, T. Cesar
Polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) have been associated with increased antioxidant activity in animal models. The effects of tangeretin (TAN) and nobiletin (NOB) on antioxidant activity in the blood and liver of rats were evaluated. Groups of rats were treated with 200 mg/kg bw/day of TAN or NOB, or placebo, for 15 days. Parental compounds and their metabolites were assessed in the liver by chromatographic analysis, in addition to α-tocopherol and retinol in the blood serum. Both TAN and NOB supplements were able to reduce malonaldehyde (MDA) in the rat’s blood by 22% and 18%, respectively, but only NOB increased redox reaction by 3%. Blood levels of retinol and α-tocopherol increased under TAN by 59% and 20%, respectively, but were not affected by NOB. Eight NOB metabolites were detected in the liver, but only two TAN metabolites were identified in low concentration. In conclusion, NOB improved antioxidant capacity and reduced lipid peroxidation, while increased levels of retinol and α-tocopherol after TAN supplement may have contributed to decreased blood lipid peroxidation.
{"title":"Differential Effect of Nobiletin and Tangeretin on the Antioxidant Activity and Levels of α-Tocopherol and Retinol in Rats","authors":"M. Rodrigues, Danielle R Gonçalves, D. Baeta, J. Manthey, T. Cesar","doi":"10.37256/fse.2220211038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37256/fse.2220211038","url":null,"abstract":"Polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) have been associated with increased antioxidant activity in animal models. The effects of tangeretin (TAN) and nobiletin (NOB) on antioxidant activity in the blood and liver of rats were evaluated. Groups of rats were treated with 200 mg/kg bw/day of TAN or NOB, or placebo, for 15 days. Parental compounds and their metabolites were assessed in the liver by chromatographic analysis, in addition to α-tocopherol and retinol in the blood serum. Both TAN and NOB supplements were able to reduce malonaldehyde (MDA) in the rat’s blood by 22% and 18%, respectively, but only NOB increased redox reaction by 3%. Blood levels of retinol and α-tocopherol increased under TAN by 59% and 20%, respectively, but were not affected by NOB. Eight NOB metabolites were detected in the liver, but only two TAN metabolites were identified in low concentration. In conclusion, NOB improved antioxidant capacity and reduced lipid peroxidation, while increased levels of retinol and α-tocopherol after TAN supplement may have contributed to decreased blood lipid peroxidation.","PeriodicalId":15835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81291051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Puiu, L. Fiorani, G. Giubileo, A. Lai, S. Mannori, W. R. Saleh
In the present work we applied laser photoacoustic spectroscopy (LPAS) to the analysis of food samples. In particular, we analyzed samples of different rice flours (standard and commercial ones). For this purpose, a laboratory system based on quantum cascade laser (QCL) has been developed and characterized. After that, the LPAS spectra of all the rice samples were collected with a standard error of less than 2% of the measured value and a background signal negligible compared to the sample signals. All the experimental LPAS spectra resulted to be rich in spectral features showing clear differences between each other. The experimental spectra were then analyzed by comparison with the FT-IR transition frequency recorded in our laboratory to consent a proper assignment. Finally, to put in evidence the small differences among the various rice types, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to the recorded LPAS spectra highlighting five different groups corresponding to the five types of samples. In conclusion, the present work demonstrated the discriminating capability of LPAS technique in the case of different types of rice flour samples.
{"title":"Quantum Cascade Laser Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Applied to Rice Flour Analysis","authors":"A. Puiu, L. Fiorani, G. Giubileo, A. Lai, S. Mannori, W. R. Saleh","doi":"10.37256/fse.222021956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37256/fse.222021956","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work we applied laser photoacoustic spectroscopy (LPAS) to the analysis of food samples. In particular, we analyzed samples of different rice flours (standard and commercial ones). For this purpose, a laboratory system based on quantum cascade laser (QCL) has been developed and characterized. After that, the LPAS spectra of all the rice samples were collected with a standard error of less than 2% of the measured value and a background signal negligible compared to the sample signals. All the experimental LPAS spectra resulted to be rich in spectral features showing clear differences between each other. The experimental spectra were then analyzed by comparison with the FT-IR transition frequency recorded in our laboratory to consent a proper assignment. Finally, to put in evidence the small differences among the various rice types, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to the recorded LPAS spectra highlighting five different groups corresponding to the five types of samples. In conclusion, the present work demonstrated the discriminating capability of LPAS technique in the case of different types of rice flour samples.","PeriodicalId":15835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Engineering","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72898504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Knowledge of agro-physiological traits associated with drought tolerance would be useful for developing breeding materials for drought-prone environments. This study was conducted to estimate genetic variability among nine durum wheat genotypes in response to drought. Our results indicated that the effect of the campaign, genotype, and genotype × interaction was significant for the thirteen variables measured, except for the relative water content. The variability observed was greater for grain yield, biomass, ear fertility, straw and economic yields, chlorophyll content, and cell integrity. Heritability was high for the number of grains per ear and the chlorophyll content; medium for thousand kernel weights, low for grain yield, biomass, and economic yield, and zero for the rest of the variables measured. The results also showed that the agro-morphological characters were significantly linked to each other, unlike the physiological characters which showed non-significant relation between them and with the agro-morphological characters. This suggests that among the varieties evaluated, the selection of those which are tolerant and with high yield potential should therefore be made on a case-by-case basis and not based on a specific physiological character, a marker of tolerance, highly correlated with yield grain. The nine varieties evaluated were subdivided into three divergent clusters of three varieties each. Cluster C1 consists of the least performing varieties, unlike the other two clusters which bring appreciable gains for several characteristics including grain yield, biomass, the weight of 1000 grains, straw yield, and ear fertility and a marked improvement in chlorophyll content and a significant reduction in damage to the cell membrane by thermal stress. In conclusion and following their divergence, it is suggested to use the varieties of clusters C2 and C3 in crossing with the varieties of cluster C1 to improve and reconcile stress tolerance and yield potential in the same genetic background.
{"title":"Agronomic and Morpho-Physiological Characterization of Some Advanced Lines being Selected in Durum Wheat Cultivated in Semi-Arid Conditions","authors":"Messaoudi Noura, Benderradji Laid, Bouzerzour Hammena, Benmahammed Ammar, Brini Faiçal","doi":"10.37256/fse.222021954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37256/fse.222021954","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of agro-physiological traits associated with drought tolerance would be useful for developing breeding materials for drought-prone environments. This study was conducted to estimate genetic variability among nine durum wheat genotypes in response to drought. Our results indicated that the effect of the campaign, genotype, and genotype × interaction was significant for the thirteen variables measured, except for the relative water content. The variability observed was greater for grain yield, biomass, ear fertility, straw and economic yields, chlorophyll content, and cell integrity. Heritability was high for the number of grains per ear and the chlorophyll content; medium for thousand kernel weights, low for grain yield, biomass, and economic yield, and zero for the rest of the variables measured. The results also showed that the agro-morphological characters were significantly linked to each other, unlike the physiological characters which showed non-significant relation between them and with the agro-morphological characters. This suggests that among the varieties evaluated, the selection of those which are tolerant and with high yield potential should therefore be made on a case-by-case basis and not based on a specific physiological character, a marker of tolerance, highly correlated with yield grain. The nine varieties evaluated were subdivided into three divergent clusters of three varieties each. Cluster C1 consists of the least performing varieties, unlike the other two clusters which bring appreciable gains for several characteristics including grain yield, biomass, the weight of 1000 grains, straw yield, and ear fertility and a marked improvement in chlorophyll content and a significant reduction in damage to the cell membrane by thermal stress. In conclusion and following their divergence, it is suggested to use the varieties of clusters C2 and C3 in crossing with the varieties of cluster C1 to improve and reconcile stress tolerance and yield potential in the same genetic background.","PeriodicalId":15835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Engineering","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91336134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Yap, W. Cheng, Aziran Yaacob, Z. Hassan, R. Nulit, F. Edward, Koe Wei Wong, Mohamed Hafiz Ibrahim, Shih Hao Tony Peng, C. W. Yap, Wenqing Tan, Mohamad Saupi Ismail, Amin Bintal
Biomonitoring of heavy metals is an important part of the ecotoxicological study. However, without the application of the metal data to reflect human wellbeing, it is considered the low impact on the society. In this study, the heavy metals in green mustard Brassica rapa var. parachinensis were collected from Sikamat (Negeri Sembilan in 2013), Kg. Sitiawan (Perak in 2016), and Ara Kuda (Penang in 2016) of Peninsular Malaysia, were determined. The samples are analyzed for the concentrations of Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn by using the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. For the leafy edible part, the metal concentrations (mg/kg dry weight) ranged from 16.1-18.5 for Cu, 145-207 for Fe, 1.02-1.64 for Ni, 0.90-2.73 for Pb, and 74.0-203 for Zn. These metal data were assessed for human health risks. It was found that all the values of target hazard quotients for Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn in both adults and children were less than 1.00. This exhibited there were no non-carcinogenic risks of the five metals through the intake of the Brassica from the present study. This could indicate that the accumulation of metals and pollution threshold is below the limit of causing hazardous effects to consumers. Nonetheless, regular assessment of health risks of heavy metals in this vegetable needs to be conducted from time to time these vegetables are prone to continuous heavy metal contamination.
{"title":"Human Health Risk Assessment of Some Selected Heavy Metals in Brassica rapa var. parachinensis in Peninsular Malaysia","authors":"C. Yap, W. Cheng, Aziran Yaacob, Z. Hassan, R. Nulit, F. Edward, Koe Wei Wong, Mohamed Hafiz Ibrahim, Shih Hao Tony Peng, C. W. Yap, Wenqing Tan, Mohamad Saupi Ismail, Amin Bintal","doi":"10.37256/fse.2220211036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37256/fse.2220211036","url":null,"abstract":"Biomonitoring of heavy metals is an important part of the ecotoxicological study. However, without the application of the metal data to reflect human wellbeing, it is considered the low impact on the society. In this study, the heavy metals in green mustard Brassica rapa var. parachinensis were collected from Sikamat (Negeri Sembilan in 2013), Kg. Sitiawan (Perak in 2016), and Ara Kuda (Penang in 2016) of Peninsular Malaysia, were determined. The samples are analyzed for the concentrations of Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn by using the flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. For the leafy edible part, the metal concentrations (mg/kg dry weight) ranged from 16.1-18.5 for Cu, 145-207 for Fe, 1.02-1.64 for Ni, 0.90-2.73 for Pb, and 74.0-203 for Zn. These metal data were assessed for human health risks. It was found that all the values of target hazard quotients for Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn in both adults and children were less than 1.00. This exhibited there were no non-carcinogenic risks of the five metals through the intake of the Brassica from the present study. This could indicate that the accumulation of metals and pollution threshold is below the limit of causing hazardous effects to consumers. Nonetheless, regular assessment of health risks of heavy metals in this vegetable needs to be conducted from time to time these vegetables are prone to continuous heavy metal contamination.","PeriodicalId":15835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Engineering","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86576314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effect of edible coatings such as mustard, olive and soybean oils with 1.5% (w/v) sodium alginate (C6H7NaO6)n on the postharvest shelf life and the quality of Jara Lebu (Citrus medica) in 1.5% perforated LDP (low density polythene) bags at 30-32°C and 80-85% relative humidity were evaluated. The changes of physico-chemical attributes like percent weight loss, percent juice yield, pH, Total Soluble Solids (TSS), percent fruit decay, acidity and vitamin C were observed for 18 days of storage. After observing results we found that in controlling percent weight loss, percent juice yield, percent fruit decay, pH and TSS, mustard oil +1.5% sodium alginate coatings showed the best results whereas soybean oil with 1.5% sodium alginate coating showed reverse results. Concerning to the results of preserving acidity and vitamin C, the 1.5% sodium alginate and the mustard oil with 1.5% sodium alginate were found as the most effective coatings on the other hand olive oil plus 1.5% sodium alginate coatings showed slight efficiency in controlling the postharvest quality loss. Though the coating of lemon with mustard oil +1.5% sodium alginate and only 1.5% sodium alginate showed significantly better results with respect to sensory evaluation, the former one eventually performed the best in retaining most of the quality parameters of the samples. This study clearly indicates that mustard oil with 1.5% sodium alginate coating can be used as the best edible coating for preserving almost all the postharvest quality parameters as well as extending the shelf life of Jara Lebu.
{"title":"Evaluation of Postharvest Shelf Life and Quality of Lemon Treated with Different Coatings during Storage","authors":"P. Sen, Kazi N.S. Rafi, Z. Uddin, M. G. Aziz","doi":"10.37256/fse.122020463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37256/fse.122020463","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of edible coatings such as mustard, olive and soybean oils with 1.5% (w/v) sodium alginate (C6H7NaO6)n on the postharvest shelf life and the quality of Jara Lebu (Citrus medica) in 1.5% perforated LDP (low density polythene) bags at 30-32°C and 80-85% relative humidity were evaluated. The changes of physico-chemical attributes like percent weight loss, percent juice yield, pH, Total Soluble Solids (TSS), percent fruit decay, acidity and vitamin C were observed for 18 days of storage. After observing results we found that in controlling percent weight loss, percent juice yield, percent fruit decay, pH and TSS, mustard oil +1.5% sodium alginate coatings showed the best results whereas soybean oil with 1.5% sodium alginate coating showed reverse results. Concerning to the results of preserving acidity and vitamin C, the 1.5% sodium alginate and the mustard oil with 1.5% sodium alginate were found as the most effective coatings on the other hand olive oil plus 1.5% sodium alginate coatings showed slight efficiency in controlling the postharvest quality loss. Though the coating of lemon with mustard oil +1.5% sodium alginate and only 1.5% sodium alginate showed significantly better results with respect to sensory evaluation, the former one eventually performed the best in retaining most of the quality parameters of the samples. This study clearly indicates that mustard oil with 1.5% sodium alginate coating can be used as the best edible coating for preserving almost all the postharvest quality parameters as well as extending the shelf life of Jara Lebu.","PeriodicalId":15835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Engineering","volume":"631 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81900737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Today, the use of herbal medicine like artichoke is rapidly increasing worldwide. The consumption of artichoke as a food source is raising too. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the main factors affecting the growth of this plant which is investigated in this study. A comprehensive analysis of the literature is performed to detect these factors. A fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is employed to prioritize the factors. Results indicate that the conditions of irrigation and soil are the most important ones. In addition, the best conditions for artichoke growth are the medium level of irrigation, soil with suitable drainage, low temperature and sufficient sunlight.
{"title":"Ranking the Success Factors to Improve Safety and Growth of Artichoke Medicinal Plant Using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process","authors":"J. Rezaeian, F. Talebi, R. Foroutan","doi":"10.37256/fse.122020113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37256/fse.122020113","url":null,"abstract":"Today, the use of herbal medicine like artichoke is rapidly increasing worldwide. The consumption of artichoke as a food source is raising too. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the main factors affecting the growth of this plant which is investigated in this study. A comprehensive analysis of the literature is performed to detect these factors. A fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is employed to prioritize the factors. Results indicate that the conditions of irrigation and soil are the most important ones. In addition, the best conditions for artichoke growth are the medium level of irrigation, soil with suitable drainage, low temperature and sufficient sunlight.","PeriodicalId":15835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Engineering","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79221801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.17265/2159-5828/2017.01.003
Ibraimo Teleha Chabite, Zhang Lei, Yao Ningning, Fu Qiang, Yu Haiye
In aeroponic cultivation the nutrient solution is an essential component to achieve good production results. And nitrogen is the main constituent element of the nutrient solution and essential element in plant nutrition. Therefore, the management and monitoring nutrient solution and existing nitrogen is fundamental. The experiment shows that three modes of replacing the nutrient solution and three initial pH values and their interaction significantly influenced the fresh weight and dry matter of lettuce. The highest values of fresh and dry weight were recorded in the fifth treatment where there is an interaction between pH 6 and the mode of replacing half of the nutrient solution. The consumption rate of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) and gross nitrogen (GN) was higher during stage 1 (10 days after transplanting), especially for the mode of complete replacing nutrient solution.
{"title":"Mode of Managing Nutrient Solution Based on N Use Efficiency for Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa L.</i>).","authors":"Ibraimo Teleha Chabite, Zhang Lei, Yao Ningning, Fu Qiang, Yu Haiye","doi":"10.17265/2159-5828/2017.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5828/2017.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In aeroponic cultivation the nutrient solution is an essential component to achieve good production results. And nitrogen is the main constituent element of the nutrient solution and essential element in plant nutrition. Therefore, the management and monitoring nutrient solution and existing nitrogen is fundamental. The experiment shows that three modes of replacing the nutrient solution and three initial pH values and their interaction significantly influenced the fresh weight and dry matter of lettuce. The highest values of fresh and dry weight were recorded in the fifth treatment where there is an interaction between pH 6 and the mode of replacing half of the nutrient solution. The consumption rate of nitrate nitrogen (NO<sub>3</sub>-N), ammonium nitrogen (NH<sub>4</sub>-N) and gross nitrogen (GN) was higher during stage 1 (10 days after transplanting), especially for the mode of complete replacing nutrient solution.</p>","PeriodicalId":15835,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Science and Engineering","volume":"7 ","pages":"29-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5675039/pdf/nihms882987.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35541056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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