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Finding the role of thiamine in peri-operative bariatric surgery and the value of thiamine screening 寻找硫胺素在围手术期减肥手术中的作用以及硫胺素筛查的价值
Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.4103/abhs.abhs_36_23
Amr Ahmed, A. Brakat, Neveen Refaey
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引用次数: 0
Awareness of the use of personal protective equipment among construction workers 建筑工人使用个人防护设备的意识
Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.4103/abhs.abhs_40_23
Jawahar Mohammed AlBlooshi, Rami Elhadi, A. Okoh
The construction industry is one of the major employment sectors in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) for both skilled and unskilled employees. However, the issue of health and safety in this industry appears to be a major challenge. As such, in this study, we evaluated the awareness of construction workers in Sharjah, UAE, on the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). In this study, we used a cross-sectional study design, and data were collected from 360 respondents using a questionnaire prepared in English and Malayalam languages. The study revealed that all the respondents were male with an average age of about 36 years. Furthermore, there was no significant association between the age of respondents and awareness of incident reporting; however, there was a significant association (P = 0.030) between education level and incident reporting awareness. There was also an association between work experience (P = 0.013) and awareness of incident reporting. Further, 91% of the employees agreed that they were aware of how to safely carry out their various activities while working at their respective construction sites. Furthermore, there was a close correlation (P = 0.025) between awareness of how to work safely and the education level of the respondents. Eighty-five percent of the respondents acknowledged that they were unaware of PPE usage at the workplace. We conclude that there is a need for more attention to occupational health and safety in the construction sector, and the need to identify and address occupational health risks early, introducing preplacement and periodic examinations for workers, and employing qualified and well-trained safety and health personnel at the various construction sites becomes imperative.
在阿拉伯联合酋长国(UAE),建筑业是熟练和非熟练雇员的主要就业行业之一。然而,该行业的健康和安全问题似乎是一个重大挑战。因此,在本研究中,我们评估了阿联酋沙迦建筑工人对使用个人防护设备 (PPE) 的认识。 在这项研究中,我们采用了横断面研究设计,使用英语和马拉雅拉姆语编制的调查问卷收集了 360 名受访者的数据。 研究显示,所有受访者均为男性,平均年龄约为 36 岁。此外,受访者的年龄与事故报告意识之间没有明显联系;但受教育程度与事故报告意识之间有明显联系(P = 0.030)。工作经验(P = 0.013)与事故报告意识之间也存在关联。此外,91% 的员工同意他们知道在各自的建筑工地工作时如何安全地开展各种活动。此外,如何安全工作的意识与受访者的教育水平之间也存在密切的相关性(P = 0.025)。85%的受访者承认他们不知道在工作场所使用个人防护设备。 我们的结论是,建筑行业需要更加关注职业健康和安全,需要及早识别和解决职业健康风险,为工人引入上岗前和定期检查,并在各建筑工地聘用合格且训练有素的安全和健康人员,这些都势在必行。
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引用次数: 0
Laparoscopic management of iatrogenic colonic rupture 医源性结肠破裂的腹腔镜治疗
Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.4103/abhs.abhs_57_23
Hussam Al Trabulsi, Issam Hreirati, Tala Muassess
ABSTRACT Latrogenic colonic perforation is a rare but serious complication of colonoscopies, with a range of underlying mechanisms, including mechanical and thermal causes, for which early detection and prompt action are essential. The management of this injury should be based on individual case factors, including the size of the perforation and the time of detection. Herein, we present the case of a 36-year-old woman who was referred to our surgical facility after a suspicion of colonic perforation during a colonoscopy. The diagnosis was confirmed through a computed tomography scan of the abdomen, which showed gross pneumoperitoneum and free fluid in the pelvis. Surgery revealed a very large colonic perforation, involving most of the wall circumference, which was subsequently classified as a colonic rupture caused by mechanical injury; the perforated segment was resected and a side-to-side hand-sewn anastomosis was created; surgery was completed laparoscopically. Early detection of the perforation in a well-prepared colon allowed for primary anastomosis without the need for fecal diversion or stoma. The patient had an uncomplicated postoperative course.
摘要:腔源性结肠穿孔是结肠镜检查的一种罕见但严重的并发症,有一系列潜在的机制,包括机械和热原因,早期发现和及时采取措施是至关重要的。这种损伤的处理应根据个案因素,包括穿孔的大小和发现的时间。在此,我们提出的情况下,一个36岁的妇女谁被转介到我们的外科设施后,怀疑结肠穿孔在结肠镜检查。通过腹部计算机断层扫描证实了诊断,显示大体气腹和骨盆游离液体。手术发现一个非常大的结肠穿孔,涉及大部分肠壁,随后被归类为机械损伤引起的结肠破裂;切除穿孔段,手工缝合侧对侧吻合;手术在腹腔镜下完成。在准备充分的结肠中早期发现穿孔,可以在不需要粪便转移或造口的情况下进行初级吻合。患者术后过程简单。
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引用次数: 0
The approach of Pakistani dentists and patients toward tooth bleaching procedure 巴基斯坦牙医和病人对牙齿漂白程序的态度
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/abhs.abhs_21_23
T. Shahid, Sadia Shakeel, Ammara Chaudhry, Faizan Ghani, Aleena Baig, Emma Baig, A. Fahim
Background: There are several options for removing extrinsic tooth stains, bleaching is the most popular one. The present study aims to provide knowledge about the perception of dentists and patients on the various aspects of the bleaching procedure which include different bleaching methods, their side effects, and financial characteristics. In addition, the study addressed the self-perception of patients' dental esthetic, factors responsible for the recommendation, and usage of different bleaching methods and materials as well as postprocedure satisfaction. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to December 2022 in different dental institutes and private clinics in Pakistan. Two different, validated questionnaires were used for dentists and patients, respectively, one having 16 questions and the second one with 20 questions. The quantitative and qualitative variables were presented with frequency and percentages. Results: A total of 267 dentists and 250 patients participated in the study. The majority of dentists (74.2%) perceived that the presence of dental fillings influenced their decision in recommending a whitening treatment. Almost half (54%) of patients were satisfied after the whitening treatment at home but reported high teeth and gum sensitivity (67%). Conclusion: Our study suggested that bleaching is a sensitive treatment and most of the patients are unaware of its cautions and correct use; therefore, it should be done in dental clinics only to decrease the side effects of sensitivity.
背景:去除牙外色斑有几种方法,漂白是最常用的一种。本研究的目的是提供牙医和病人对牙齿漂白程序各方面的认识,包括不同的漂白方法、副作用和经济特点。此外,本研究还探讨了患者对牙齿美学的自我认知、推荐的因素、不同漂白方法和材料的使用以及术后满意度。方法:于2022年7月至12月在巴基斯坦不同的牙科机构和私人诊所进行横断面研究。两份不同的、有效的问卷分别用于牙医和病人,一份有16个问题,另一份有20个问题。定量变量和定性变量分别用频率和百分比表示。结果:共有267名牙医和250名患者参与了研究。大多数牙医(74.2%)认为牙齿填充物的存在影响了他们推荐美白治疗的决定。近一半(54%)的患者在家进行美白治疗后感到满意,但报告牙齿和牙龈高度敏感(67%)。结论:漂白是一种敏感的治疗方法,大多数患者不了解其注意事项和正确使用方法;因此,仅在牙科诊所进行,以减少敏感性的副作用。
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引用次数: 0
Age and sex variations in serum brain natriuretic peptide level following doxorubicin-induced myocardial injury in Wistar rats Wistar大鼠阿霉素诱导心肌损伤后血清脑利钠肽水平的年龄和性别变化
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/abhs.abhs_2_23
Basheer Waziri, N. Wali, A. Salisu
Background: Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), a cardiac hormone produced by ventricular myocytes, plays an important role in the regulation of blood pressure and fluid volume. Although serum BNP level increases with age in normals, this response and possible sex variations in the presence of drug-induced myocardial injury need to be explored further. Methods: Twenty-four Wistar rats were separated into two groups, the controls and doxorubicin-myocardial injury (DOX-MI) model group. Each group was further subdivided into aged (100–104 weeks) and young (13–14 weeks), having an equal number of males and females (n = 3). The DOX-MI Model group was given 2.5 mg/kg DOX through intra-peritoneal injection on alternate days to a cumulative dose of 12.5 mg/kg. Blood samples were then collected and centrifuged at 3000 g for 15 min and serum BNP analysis was conducted using BNP ELISA Kit (BIOTUVA LIFE SCIENCES, UK). Results: BNP was significantly lower (P = 0.003) in the aged (100–104 weeks) DOX-MI-model group compared to aged controls. Similarly, it was lower in the young (13–14 weeks) DOX-MI-Model group than the young controls, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.16). The analysis between aged and young rats within each group indicated significantly higher BNP levels in the aged rats compared to the young in both groups (P = 0.01 for aged vs. young DOX-MI-Model and P = 0.02 for aged vs. young controls). Conclusion: DOX-induced-MI has caused a significant reduction in BNP production in the aged rats (100–104 weeks) compared to the young (13–14 weeks).
背景:脑利钠肽(BNP)是由心室肌细胞产生的一种心脏激素,在血压和体液量的调节中起重要作用。尽管正常人血清BNP水平随着年龄的增长而升高,但这种反应以及在药物性心肌损伤存在时可能的性别差异需要进一步探讨。方法:24只Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组和阿霉素心肌损伤模型组。每组进一步细分为老龄(100-104周龄)和幼龄(13-14周龄),雌雄数量相等(n = 3)。DOX- mi模型组隔日腹腔注射DOX 2.5 mg/kg,累积剂量12.5 mg/kg。采集血样,3000 g离心15分钟,使用BNP ELISA Kit (BIOTUVA LIFE SCIENCES, UK)进行血清BNP分析。结果:老年(100 ~ 104周)DOX-MI-model组大鼠BNP水平明显低于老年对照组(P = 0.003)。同样,幼龄(13-14周)DOX-MI-Model组低于幼龄对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P = 0.16)。老龄大鼠和年轻大鼠之间的分析表明,老龄大鼠的BNP水平明显高于两组的年轻大鼠(老年与年轻dox - mi模型相比P = 0.01,老年与年轻对照组相比P = 0.02)。结论:与幼龄大鼠(13-14周)相比,dox诱导的心肌梗死导致老龄大鼠(100-104周)BNP生成显著减少。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of gender on medical students' clinical learning experience in a multicultural setting 多元文化背景下性别对医学生临床学习体验的影响
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/abhs.abhs_31_23
G. Mohammed, D. Bennett
Background: The clinical clerkship learning experience is a critical aspect of medical education; it can be affected by various factors, including gender. Understanding the effect of gender on this experience requires a deeper analysis and exploration of students' perceptions. This study aims to investigate medical students' perceptions of the effect of gender on the clinical clerkship learning experience in a multicultural setting. Methods: This qualitative study purposefully sampled medical students in their final year who had clerkship experience. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews (n = 16) were conducted. NVIVO software (QSR NVivo 11) was used for the thematic analysis. Results: Male students perceived facing more difficulties and rejection from female patients. Consequently, they felt demotivated, as their participation in the clinical examination of female patients was negatively affected. Female students revealed that their male colleagues had an established idea of not being allowed to examine female patients, and thus did not try. A gender barrier with patients of the opposite gender is related to multiple factors such as culture and religion. The influence of gender on clinical supervision had mixed outcomes. Some students reported positive experiences, while others reported negative ones. The students believed that their culture, religion, and personal beliefs did not influence their relationship with patients. Conclusion: This study highlights the significant effect of gender on the clinical clerkship learning experience in the United Arab Emirates. To ensure an adequate and healthy learning environment, solutions to overcome these challenges must be developed.
背景:临床见习学习经历是医学教育的一个重要方面;它会受到各种因素的影响,包括性别。要理解性别对这种体验的影响,需要对学生的认知进行更深入的分析和探索。本研究旨在探讨多元文化背景下医学生对性别对临床见习经验影响的认知。方法:本质性研究有目的地选取有实习经验的医学生为样本。采用半结构化面对面访谈(n = 16)。采用NVIVO软件(QSR NVIVO 11)进行专题分析。结果:男学生感觉面临更多的困难和女患者的排斥。因此,她们感到失去了动力,因为她们参与女性患者的临床检查受到了负面影响。女学生透露,他们的男同事有一个既定的观念,即不允许检查女病人,因此没有尝试。异性患者的性别障碍与文化、宗教等多种因素有关。性别对临床监督的影响结果不一。一些学生报告了积极的经历,而另一些则报告了消极的经历。学生们相信他们的文化、宗教和个人信仰不会影响他们与病人的关系。结论:本研究突出了性别对阿联酋临床见习学习经历的显著影响。为了确保适当和健康的学习环境,必须制定克服这些挑战的解决办法。
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引用次数: 0
Suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress restores renal microarchitecture in a mouse model of simulated microgravity 在模拟微重力小鼠模型中,内质网应激抑制可恢复肾脏微结构
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/abhs.abhs_67_22
Gopika Ramachandran, A. Elmoselhi, R. Qaisar, Deepika Kamath
Background: Hindlimb-unloaded (HU) mice are animal models of simulated microgravity that exhibit pathological changes in several organs; however, relevant findings regarding the kidneys remain elusive. We investigated the possible contribution of protein dysregulation through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to renal pathology in HU mice. Methods: We categorized male C57BL/6j mice into ground-based control and HU groups and treated them daily with a placebo or 4-phenylbutyrate (4PBA, an ER stress inhibitor), respectively, for 3 weeks. HU mice showed reduced body weight, whereas kidney weight remained unchanged. Results: Treatment with 4PBA increased the kidney weight of HU mice. The histopathological changes in HU mouse kidneys, including the widening of the Bowman's capsule and increased glomerular area, were reversed through 4PBA treatment, accompanied by a 4PBA-induced reduction in the expression of several ER stress markers. Particularly, we found a reduction in the splicing of the X-box binding protein, indicating reduced ER stress in 4PBA-treated HU mice. Thus, 4PBA may use additional mechanisms to suppress ER stress and prevent renal pathology in HU mice. Conclusion: Our findings are the first to suggest that HU causes disruption of renal microarchitecture and that 4PBA may be a potent drug for kidney restoration under HU. Our preliminary findings have translational potential for conditions that mimic HU, such as prolonged bed rest.
背景:后肢卸荷(HU)小鼠是模拟微重力的动物模型,其多个器官表现出病理变化;然而,关于肾脏的相关发现仍然难以捉摸。我们通过内质网(ER)应激研究了HU小鼠肾脏病理中蛋白质失调的可能贡献。方法:将雄性C57BL/6j小鼠分为地面对照组和HU组,每天分别给予安慰剂或4-苯基丁酸酯(4PBA,内质网应激抑制剂)治疗,持续3周。HU小鼠的体重减轻,而肾脏重量保持不变。结果:4PBA使HU小鼠肾脏重量增加。通过4PBA治疗,HU小鼠肾脏的组织病理学改变,包括鲍曼囊变宽和肾小球面积增加,被逆转,并伴有4PBA诱导的几种内质网应激标志物的表达减少。特别是,我们发现X-box结合蛋白剪接减少,表明4pba处理的HU小鼠内质网应激减轻。因此,4PBA可能通过其他机制抑制内质网应激并预防HU小鼠肾脏病理。结论:我们的研究结果首次表明HU引起肾脏微结构的破坏,4PBA可能是HU下肾脏修复的有效药物。我们的初步研究结果对模拟HU的条件具有转化潜力,例如长时间卧床休息。
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引用次数: 0
Dental pulp revascularization of an open-apex maxillary central incisor in a patient in the fifth decade 开尖上颌中切牙患者牙髓血运重建术的研究
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/abhs.abhs_8_23
Saaid Al Shehadat, Ali Al Qabbani, Hany Mohamed Aly Ahmed
This report presents a case of revascularization of an open-apex maxillary central incisor in a 46-year-old patient using concentrated growth factor (CGF). After disinfection protocol, the apical foramen was mechanically enlarged, and autologous CGF gel was prepared and placed into the root canal to a level close to the cementoenamel junction. The follow-up evaluation confirmed the clinical success of the treatment with the restoration of tooth sensation within 6 months. The previous flat-shaped apex morphology of the tooth changed into a more rounded shape but with no real change in the length of the root or the size of the canal. This case report shows the potential of using the root canal revascularization technique to treat nonvital teeth in elder patients with the advantage of restoration of tooth sensation. The promising role of the CGF in sdental pulp regeneration is also highlighted.
本文报告一例46岁患者使用浓缩生长因子(CGF)进行开尖上颌中切牙血运重建术。消毒方案完成后,机械扩大根尖孔,制备自体CGF凝胶,将其放入根管中,接近牙髓-牙釉质交界处。随访评价证实临床治疗成功,6个月内牙齿感觉恢复。牙根的长度和根管的大小并没有明显的变化,但牙尖的形状由原来扁平的形状变成了更圆的形状。本病例报告显示了使用根管血管重建技术治疗老年患者非重要牙齿的潜力,并具有恢复牙齿感觉的优势。CGF在牙髓再生中的应用前景十分广阔。
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引用次数: 0
The bandwagon of artificial intelligence and its untapped areas in medical education and scholarly research 人工智能的潮流及其在医学教育和学术研究中尚未开发的领域
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/abhs.abhs_42_23
S. Guraya
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引用次数: 0
Can artificial intelligence assist physicians in selecting the right medications for patients with diabetes mellitus, improve outcomes, and reduce financial burdens on health-care systems? 人工智能能否帮助医生为糖尿病患者选择正确的药物,改善结果,并减轻医疗保健系统的经济负担?
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/abhs.abhs_10_23
A. Ahmed
{"title":"Can artificial intelligence assist physicians in selecting the right medications for patients with diabetes mellitus, improve outcomes, and reduce financial burdens on health-care systems?","authors":"A. Ahmed","doi":"10.4103/abhs.abhs_10_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/abhs.abhs_10_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":158834,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Biomedical and Health Sciences","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124821536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Advances in Biomedical and Health Sciences
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