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Autonomous node in the short wave radio network 短波无线网络中的自治节点
Pub Date : 2019-08-09 DOI: 10.21778/2413-9599-2019-29-3-26-32
D. A. Kiba, A. S. Gudim, N. N. Liubushkina, S. Marushchenko
The paper covers questions related to the creation of the comprehensive device designed for long-term autonomous operations as part of the radio networks for various purposes in short-wave bands. Such radio networks are intended for remote monitoring and control over facilities at distances of hundreds and thousands of kilometres. The device and features of functioning of autonomous nodes in short-wave radio networks are based on daily and seasonal characteristics of distribution of radio waves, operation under conditions of self-provision with electricity and in areas of harsh climate, as well as on impossibility of their timely repair and maintenance. The authors have proposed solutions to the issue of a reliable communication channel using advanced low-energy types of angle modulation with low-value signal-to-noise ratios and the choice of the best frequency for a given time of the day for specific nodes. There is an overview of issues related to the choice of an antenna type for the autonomous radio network node, taking into account changes of working ranges. The issue of power supply to the radio network node is solved by applying the combination of a photovoltaic panel and wind generator working from a frost-resistant battery. Thermal modes for electronic equipment are provided through the use of a thermostatically controlled container. Authors have presented a possible architecture for the short-wave range radio network node. The study results include advice for developers of autonomous nodes of shortwave radio networks.
本文涵盖了与创建综合设备相关的问题,该设备设计用于长期自主操作,作为短波波段各种目的的无线电网络的一部分。这种无线网络的目的是对数百公里和数千公里以外的设施进行远程监测和控制。短波无线网络中自主节点的装置和功能特点是根据无线电波分布的日常和季节性特点,在自备电力条件下和气候恶劣地区的运行情况,以及不能及时维修和维护。作者提出了可靠通信信道问题的解决方案,使用先进的低能量类型的角度调制,具有低值信噪比,并为特定节点选择一天中给定时间的最佳频率。考虑到工作范围的变化,本文概述了与自主无线网络节点天线类型选择相关的问题。无线网络节点的供电问题通过应用光伏板和由防冻电池工作的风力发电机的组合来解决。电子设备的热模式是通过使用恒温控制容器来提供的。作者提出了一种短波无线网络节点的可能架构。研究结果包括对短波无线网络自主节点开发人员的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of the level of requirements to key competencies of enterprises under conditions of digital economy 数字经济条件下企业关键能力需求水平评估
Pub Date : 2019-08-09 DOI: 10.21778/2413-9599-2019-29-3-91-99
A. Batkovsky, P. A. Kalachykhin, Yury F. Telnov, А. V. Fomina
The main subject of the research is the key competencies of innovation-active enterprises in the digital economy. Approach to the identification of core competencies of the enterprises on the basis of the inverse engineering of the requirements to competencies satisfying valuable characteristics of a product is formulated. It is proposed to consider the network enterprise as an intermediate link upon transition from the creation of the traditional enterprise to virtual. Decomposition of the value chain of the product into activities corresponding to the core competencies in the context of the network enterprise participants is executed. The technique of assessment of requirements to core competencies of the enterprises on the basis of comparison to the value offer on the creation of an innovative product is developed. Criteria of optimization of the network enterprise structure on the basis of estimates of the level of requirements to core competencies are developed. The distinctiveness of the study consists in the use of expert assessment methods, fuzzy logic, multisets, and multi-criteria optimization during its conducting. The practical implementation of the research results presented in this article will improve the efficiency of innovatively active enterprises.
本研究的主要课题是数字经济环境下创新活跃企业的关键竞争力。在对满足产品有价值特征的能力需求进行逆向工程的基础上,提出了识别企业核心能力的方法。提出将网络企业作为传统企业创建向虚拟企业过渡的中间环节。在网络企业参与者的背景下,将产品价值链分解为与核心竞争力相对应的活动。在对创新产品创造的价值提供进行比较的基础上,开发了对企业核心竞争力需求的评估技术。在对核心竞争力要求水平估计的基础上,提出了网络企业结构优化的准则。该研究的独特之处在于在进行过程中使用了专家评估方法、模糊逻辑、多集和多准则优化。本文研究成果的实际应用将提高创新活跃企业的效率。
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引用次数: 5
The approach to design of dynamically reconfigurable arbitration units in embedded systems 嵌入式系统中动态可重构仲裁单元的设计方法
Pub Date : 2019-06-28 DOI: 10.21778/2413-9599-2019-29-3-55-67
E. Suvorova
Today we are seeing an intensive development of dynamically reconfigurable components in the FPGA-based embedded systems. Nevertheless, by their parameters, FPGA-based projects are essentially inferior to those that are on ASIC and the same design rules. This significantly limits applications of the FPGA-based reconfigurable systems. The paper presents relevance of dynamic reconfiguration for arbitration units in embedded systems. There is a review of existing design techniques for ASIC-based dynamically reconfigurable components. They have been also evaluated by applicability for the arbitration unit development (complex function modules for systems-on-chip and networks-on-chip). The authors have proposed the approach to the development of dynamically reconfigurable arbitration units in embedded systems. The approach makes it possible to consider specific requirements to these units.
今天,我们看到基于fpga的嵌入式系统中动态可重构组件的密集发展。然而,根据它们的参数,基于fpga的项目本质上不如那些基于ASIC和相同设计规则的项目。这极大地限制了基于fpga的可重构系统的应用。本文介绍了嵌入式系统中仲裁单元动态重构的相关性。本文综述了基于asic的动态可重构组件的现有设计技术。它们还通过仲裁单元开发(片上系统和片上网络的复杂功能模块)的适用性进行了评估。作者提出了在嵌入式系统中开发动态可重构仲裁单元的方法。这种方法使考虑这些单元的具体需求成为可能。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-threshold object selection in images of remote sensing systems 遥感图像中的多阈值目标选择
Pub Date : 2019-05-20 DOI: 10.21778/2413-9599-2019-29-2-76-88
V. Volkov, M. Bogachev, O. Markelov
The aim of the work is to increase the efficiency of selection of objects of different nature in digital monochrome images formed in remote sensing systems. For this purpose, algorithms for the formation of features of objects with respect to which boundary values are specified are introduced into the structure of multi-threshold processing. New schemes of multi-threshold processing and selection of objects of interest with threshold setting based on selection results are proposed. Algorithms of multi-threshold selection of objects by area and other scale-invariant geometric features, such as the elongation coefficient of the perimeter of the object and the elongation coefficient of the main axis of the describing ellipse, are obtained and tested. The binarization threshold is set for each of the selected objects based on the extremum of the applied geometric criterion. The new invariant geometric features used are different for round and elongated objects and provide independence of characteristics with changes in the image scale. Results of processing of typical models of images, and also results of selection of objects on the real television and infrared images showing efficiency of the proposed selection method are presented.
研究的目的是提高遥感系统形成的数字单色图像中不同性质物体的选择效率。为此,在多阈值处理的结构中引入了确定边界值的目标特征形成算法。提出了基于选择结果设置阈值的多阈值处理和感兴趣目标选择的新方案。给出并测试了基于面积和其他尺度不变几何特征(如目标周长延伸系数和描述椭圆主轴延伸系数)的目标多阈值选择算法。根据应用的几何准则的极值为每个选定的对象设置二值化阈值。对于圆形和细长的物体,所使用的新的不变几何特征是不同的,并且随着图像尺度的变化提供了特征的独立性。给出了典型图像模型的处理结果,以及在真实电视和红外图像上的目标选择结果,表明了所提出的选择方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Evaluation of open-loop linear drive accuracy achieved by calibration and linear thermal expansion compensation 通过标定和线性热膨胀补偿实现的开环线性驱动精度评价
Pub Date : 2019-05-20 DOI: 10.21778/2413-9599-2019-29-2-54-61
N. Slobodzyan
The study is a part of the current work on the design and creation of a precision mechanism with parallel kinematics such as a space hexapod. The positioning accuracy and repeatability of the movable platform of the machine relative to its fixed base in the structure under consideration depends on the accuracy of the actuating elements of the hexapod – linear drives. The aim of the work is to assess the achievable accuracy of the linear drive, taking into account the main factors affecting the accuracy of its rod movement. The article describes the studies of the accuracy of the open-loop linear drive, which has no common feedback on the output coordinate. The main factors affecting the accuracy of movement are highlighted. The experimentally obtained estimates of the linear drive rod displacement errors are given. A technique is proposed for improving the linear drive accuracy by programmatically calibrating its ball screw drive and compensating for linear thermal expansion (LTE) when the drive is operating in a wide temperature range. An estimate of the calibrated linear drive rod movement accuracy with LTE compensation has been obtained.
该研究是当前设计和创建具有平行运动学的精密机构(如空间六足机构)工作的一部分。在所考虑的结构中,机器的活动平台相对于其固定基座的定位精度和可重复性取决于六足直线驱动器的作动元件的精度。工作的目的是评估线性驱动的可实现精度,考虑到影响其杆运动精度的主要因素。本文研究了输出坐标无共同反馈的开环直线传动的精度问题。重点分析了影响运动精度的主要因素。给出了直线传动杆位移误差的实验估计。提出了一种提高直线传动精度的方法,即对滚珠丝杠传动进行程序标定,并对传动在较宽温度范围内工作时的线性热膨胀进行补偿。对经校正后的线性驱动杆的运动精度进行了估计。
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引用次数: 4
Development of a cycle-accurate simulator of the Elbrus processor core memory subsystem Elbrus处理器核心存储子系统周期精确模拟器的研制
Pub Date : 2019-03-26 DOI: 10.21778/2413-9599-2019-29-2-17-27
D. V. Znamenskiy, V. Kutsevol
Increasing complexity of modern microprocessors, combined with semiconductor technology progress slowdown, make a further increase in performance more difficult. Under these circumstances, the relevance of the performance estimations of prospective microprocessors by dint of cycle-accurate simulation prior to their production in silicon is of growing importance. The approach to implementation of cycle-accurate simulator of core memory subsystem for Elbrus architecture, controlled by the existing functional simulator of this architecture, is presented herein. The method for validation of a cycleaccurate simulator by comparison with modeling of the RTL description of the prospective microprocessor is considered. The data on the speed of the cycle-accurate simulator and the main optimization methods, which were used to achieve acceptable performance, are presented. The preliminary estimates of the impact on the performance of some changes in the prospective processor core, including the cache access latency and hardware support for virtualization, obtained with the help of the cycle-accurate simulator are given. These assessments are important for making architectural decisions when designing the prospective Elbrus architecture processors.
现代微处理器的复杂性日益增加,加上半导体技术进步的放缓,使得进一步提高性能变得更加困难。在这种情况下,通过在硅中生产之前进行周期精确模拟来评估未来微处理器的性能的相关性变得越来越重要。提出了利用Elbrus体系结构现有的功能模拟器控制核心存储器子系统周期精确模拟器的实现方法。通过与未来微处理器的RTL描述模型的比较,考虑了周期精确模拟器的验证方法。给出了周期精确模拟器的速度数据和主要优化方法,使其达到可接受的性能。在周期精确模拟器的帮助下,初步估计了未来处理器核心的一些变化对性能的影响,包括缓存访问延迟和硬件对虚拟化的支持。在设计未来的Elbrus体系结构处理器时,这些评估对于做出体系结构决策非常重要。
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引用次数: 1
Overview of the ways to reduce telemetric information redundancy 概述了减少遥测信息冗余的方法
Pub Date : 2019-03-20 DOI: 10.21778/2413-9599-2019-29-2-8-16
F. N. Baibekova, V. V. Podoltsev, N. M. Bespalova, L. A. Sologubova
The redundancy of telemetric information significantly complicates the real-time processing of the information flows. To speed up the telemetry processing process, the methods for telemetric information redundancy reduction should be applied in order to reduce its flows entering the monitoring systems while maintaining a high speed of processing and reliability of the information. The article provides an overview of the methods for reduction of telemetric information redundancy, such as the increase in PHY-rate of telemetry channel, the Huffman algorithm, the batch mechanism for generation and transmission of telemetry information, the adaptive difference algorithm, the algorithm for transmission of the information based on its representation by residual images, Golomb-Rice codes, reversible compression method. The advantages and disadvantages of each of them are considered. Recommendations on the use of multi-level telemetry information compression system are given, which makes it possible to effectively combine target data compression algorithms that give the highest compression ratio depending on the type of telemetry information transmitted.
遥测信息的冗余性使信息流的实时处理变得非常复杂。为了加快遥测处理过程,应采用减少遥测信息冗余的方法,以减少进入监测系统的遥测信息流量,同时保持信息的高处理速度和可靠性。本文综述了减少遥测信息冗余的方法,如提高遥测信道的物理速率、霍夫曼算法、遥测信息的批量生成和传输机制、自适应差分算法、基于残差图像表示的信息传输算法、Golomb-Rice码、可逆压缩法等。考虑了每一种方法的优点和缺点。给出了使用多级遥测信息压缩系统的建议,它可以有效地结合目标数据压缩算法,根据传输的遥测信息类型提供最高的压缩比。
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引用次数: 2
Experimental study of mechanoelectric transformations in low saturated rocks 低饱和岩石中机电转换的实验研究
Pub Date : 2019-03-18 DOI: 10.21778/2413-9599-2019-29-2-45-53
I. Chebotareva, A. Kamshilin
The results of study of the electrical response of dry and slightly saturated with salted water (NaCl) or kerosene cores of Berea sandstone to acoustic effect in the frequency range of 0.5–10 kHz are presented herein. A strong lateral inhomogeneity by saturation was created during the experiments. The electrical response is sensitive to the addition of all types of fluid in the rock samples. At the same time, the reaction to the addition of highly concentrated salt solution in the samples is weak, while the reaction to the addition of weak concentrated salt solution and kerosene is strong. A high correlation is observed between the shape of the electrical response spectra of dry and damped cores, up to 0.9. For kerosene, the shape of the spectrum varies greatly, the rank correlation coefficient of the shape of the spectra is 0.3. The fact of a significant increase in electrical response on addition of non-polar fluid (kerosene) to the core is beyond the theoretical framework and may be associated with the creation of strong lateral petrophysical heterogeneity by saturation. The strong sensitivity of the amplitude of the electroseismic response of rocks to very weak but non-homogeneous saturation is interesting for the development of remote methods for determination of the type of fluid saturation of rocks, when searching for minerals and for the development of the methods for prediction of geophysical catastrophes.
本文介绍了干燥、微饱和、含盐水(NaCl)或煤油的Berea砂岩岩心在0.5 ~ 10 kHz频率范围内对声效应的电响应研究结果。实验过程中,饱和产生了强烈的横向不均匀性。电响应对岩石样品中添加的所有类型的流体都很敏感。同时,样品中加入高浓度盐溶液反应弱,而加入弱浓盐溶液和煤油反应强。观察到干芯和阻尼芯的电响应谱形状之间的高度相关,高达0.9。对于煤油,光谱形状变化较大,光谱形状的等级相关系数为0.3。在岩心中加入非极性流体(煤油)后,电响应显著增加,这一事实超出了理论框架,可能与饱和产生强烈的横向岩石物理非均质性有关。岩石的电震反应幅度对非常弱但不均匀的饱和度具有很强的敏感性,这对于开发在寻找矿物时确定岩石流体饱和度类型的远程方法和开发预测地球物理灾难的方法很有意义。
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引用次数: 0
Deep level relaxation spectroscopy and nondestructive testing of potential defects in the semiconductor electronic component base 半导体电子元件基底中潜在缺陷的深能级弛豫光谱与无损检测
Pub Date : 2019-02-19 DOI: 10.21778/2413-9599-2019-29-2-35-44
V. Krylov, A. Bogachev, T. Pronin
This article deals with the possibilities of methods of the deep-level transient spectroscopy in semiconductors and the reasons constraining their application for industrial control of potential defects of the semiconductor electronic component base. Among the reasons there are an ambiguous interpretation of the results of indirect measurements, the lack of the domestic regulatory base and software and hardware tools, a variety of algorithms and techniques of measurements and processing of results. Models of hardware transformations of weak relaxation responses of microelectronic barrier structures are proposed. The methodology and results of experimental studies of the characteristics of potential defects of serial semiconductor diodes by the method of frequency-temperature scanning using the developed models are described. The obtained results indicate the possibility of a significant increase in accuracy of measurements of parameters of potential defects. The conclusion is made about the need to organize and perform interlaboratory checking on uniform samples to promote the methods of the deep-level transient spectroscopy in the practice of industrial monitoring.
本文讨论了半导体中深能级瞬态光谱方法的可能性,以及限制其应用于半导体电子元件基底潜在缺陷的工业控制的原因。其中的原因有间接测量结果的模糊解释,缺乏国内监管基础和软件和硬件工具,各种算法和技术的测量和结果的处理。提出了微电子势垒结构弱弛豫响应的硬件转换模型。本文叙述了利用所建立的模型,用频率-温度扫描的方法对串联半导体二极管潜在缺陷特性进行实验研究的方法和结果。所得结果表明,测量潜在缺陷参数的精度有可能显著提高。指出在工业监测实践中,为推广深能级瞬态光谱方法,需要组织开展均匀样品的实验室间检验。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Radio industry (Russia)
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