Pub Date : 2023-04-26DOI: 10.1080/09589236.2023.2207003
Raksha Janak, Deevia Bhana, Omeshree Lakhan
ABSTRACT In this paper, we draw upon a qualitative study to investigate how black teenage girls interact with digital spaces to provide both capacities to express and constrain sexuality. Following a new feminist materialist approach, we demonstrate girls’ experiences of sexuality as embedded within a complex entanglement of matter (both human and more-than-human) that produce capacities, mediating what girls can do, feel or be on social media. Specifically, we conceptualize girls’ experiences within a ‘techno-sexual’ assemblage of bodies, things, ideas, social media applications, videos and pictures to illustrate how ideals of heterosexuality are connected to an affective flow of matter that creates vibrancy, permitting capacities and constraints. Firstly, we show how girls’ entanglement with celebrity and media culture, sexy selfies, and videos through digital affordances unlocked agentive capacities for the experience of heterosexual desire. Secondly, we illuminate how the assemblage generated restrictive capacities for girls who did not ascribe to heteronormative and racialized ideals of beauty through objectification and online sexual harassment. We argue that a recognition of this online micro-political space remains a vital part of gender transformative interventions.
{"title":"Girls becoming ‘sexy’ on digital spaces: capacities and constraints","authors":"Raksha Janak, Deevia Bhana, Omeshree Lakhan","doi":"10.1080/09589236.2023.2207003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2023.2207003","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper, we draw upon a qualitative study to investigate how black teenage girls interact with digital spaces to provide both capacities to express and constrain sexuality. Following a new feminist materialist approach, we demonstrate girls’ experiences of sexuality as embedded within a complex entanglement of matter (both human and more-than-human) that produce capacities, mediating what girls can do, feel or be on social media. Specifically, we conceptualize girls’ experiences within a ‘techno-sexual’ assemblage of bodies, things, ideas, social media applications, videos and pictures to illustrate how ideals of heterosexuality are connected to an affective flow of matter that creates vibrancy, permitting capacities and constraints. Firstly, we show how girls’ entanglement with celebrity and media culture, sexy selfies, and videos through digital affordances unlocked agentive capacities for the experience of heterosexual desire. Secondly, we illuminate how the assemblage generated restrictive capacities for girls who did not ascribe to heteronormative and racialized ideals of beauty through objectification and online sexual harassment. We argue that a recognition of this online micro-political space remains a vital part of gender transformative interventions.","PeriodicalId":15911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gender Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45936953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-26DOI: 10.1080/09589236.2023.2203374
Hans Asenbaum
ABSTRACT Radical democratic theory conceptualizes public visibility as empowering. In particular, feminist democratic theorists propose a politics of presence through identity politics, according to which it is the visibility of the marginalized body that in itself articulates a political claim for inclusion. Today, a new subject enters the space of appearance: the white, cisgender, heterosexual man claims recognition through embodied identity performances. Engaging in the men’s rights and Trump movements, the performance of white masculinities, however, does not appear as empowering, but as anxious, defensive and weak. Drawing on whiteness and masculinity studies, this article explains why public visibility may both empower and weaken. By combining the concept of visibility with voice, it maps four spaces of (dis)appearance and explores the mobility of identity groups between them. Whether entering the space of appearance is empowering depends on the point of departure. Instead of claiming equal recognition, as marginalized groups do, white men cling to their unearned privileges. The article observes a general migration towards the space of appearance, rendering it more contentious.
{"title":"Whiteness, masculinities and radical democracy: mapping four spaces of (dis)appearance","authors":"Hans Asenbaum","doi":"10.1080/09589236.2023.2203374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2023.2203374","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Radical democratic theory conceptualizes public visibility as empowering. In particular, feminist democratic theorists propose a politics of presence through identity politics, according to which it is the visibility of the marginalized body that in itself articulates a political claim for inclusion. Today, a new subject enters the space of appearance: the white, cisgender, heterosexual man claims recognition through embodied identity performances. Engaging in the men’s rights and Trump movements, the performance of white masculinities, however, does not appear as empowering, but as anxious, defensive and weak. Drawing on whiteness and masculinity studies, this article explains why public visibility may both empower and weaken. By combining the concept of visibility with voice, it maps four spaces of (dis)appearance and explores the mobility of identity groups between them. Whether entering the space of appearance is empowering depends on the point of departure. Instead of claiming equal recognition, as marginalized groups do, white men cling to their unearned privileges. The article observes a general migration towards the space of appearance, rendering it more contentious.","PeriodicalId":15911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gender Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46421924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-25DOI: 10.1080/09589236.2023.2207002
Boya Yuan, Xiaoming Tian
ABSTRACT Through the use of photovoice interviews as a research method and drawing on Butler's performativity theory, this article investigates the performative constitution of the subjectivities of three academic women in Chinese non-elite universities by unpacking the multiple meanings of their aesthetic experiences. The study reveals that these women emphasized their bodily performance in the workplace, paying particular attention to their physical appearance, including dressing and using make-up, to explicitly perform their femininity. In this study, academic women’s gendered subjectivities are produced by repetitive performative feminine bodies under the control of wider regulatory forces in terms of gender norms and institutional discourses. Our findings suggest that gender norms of beauty in the Chinese context have a profound impact on the three Chinese academic women’s choice of dress and appearance management. We conclude that (i) femininity matters during the process of academic women’s gendered subjectivity construction in the Chinese academic context; and ii) multiple and sometimes contradictory wider regulatory forces within and beyond the academia shape Chinese academic women’s bodily performance and, therefore, produce academic women’s gendered subjectivities.
{"title":"‘I spend lots of time on my appearance’: unpacking Chinese academic women’s gendered subjectivities through the lens of bodily performance","authors":"Boya Yuan, Xiaoming Tian","doi":"10.1080/09589236.2023.2207002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2023.2207002","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Through the use of photovoice interviews as a research method and drawing on Butler's performativity theory, this article investigates the performative constitution of the subjectivities of three academic women in Chinese non-elite universities by unpacking the multiple meanings of their aesthetic experiences. The study reveals that these women emphasized their bodily performance in the workplace, paying particular attention to their physical appearance, including dressing and using make-up, to explicitly perform their femininity. In this study, academic women’s gendered subjectivities are produced by repetitive performative feminine bodies under the control of wider regulatory forces in terms of gender norms and institutional discourses. Our findings suggest that gender norms of beauty in the Chinese context have a profound impact on the three Chinese academic women’s choice of dress and appearance management. We conclude that (i) femininity matters during the process of academic women’s gendered subjectivity construction in the Chinese academic context; and ii) multiple and sometimes contradictory wider regulatory forces within and beyond the academia shape Chinese academic women’s bodily performance and, therefore, produce academic women’s gendered subjectivities.","PeriodicalId":15911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gender Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43378864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-25DOI: 10.1080/09589236.2023.2206638
D. Keys
{"title":"“Reckless brutality to womankind”: police violence against black women in Colonial Nigeria","authors":"D. Keys","doi":"10.1080/09589236.2023.2206638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2023.2206638","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gender Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44828206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-04DOI: 10.1080/09589236.2023.2193011
F. Attwood
This issue of Journal of Gender Studies begins with a collection of papers that focus on workplace issues. In the first of these, Abeer Kamel Saad Alfarran shows how the COVID-19 pandemic changed the work patterns of married women in the Saudi Arabian public education sector. Alfarran outlines some of the difficulties experienced by remote women workers, from institutional disrespect for official working hours to weak internet connections, sitting for long periods and the distraction of children. However, women found that remote working and a blended workplace offered opportunities; making work easier in some ways, saving them time, offering a better work environment, allowing them to engage in self-development, for example by taking courses or studying, and creating a better work-life balance. Focusing on software engineering in China, Xiaotian Li examines how this work is gendered through men’s dominance in the sector, the prevalence of geek culture and overwork which privileges men as ideal workers and a hierarchisation of subspecialties which stigmatizes the work that women do. As a result, women in the sector use a range of strategies to navigate and negotiate gender rules and boundaries in the workplace – for example moving between feminine and masculine work styles and forms of appearance strategically to advance their careers. Navjotpal Kaur, Rosemary Ricciardelli, Amber Fletcher and R. Nicholas Carleton consider how public safety personnel – professionals in border services, communication officials, correctional workers, firefighters, paramedics and police, seek out support for their experiences of stress and potential trauma. Focusing on public safety personnel in Canada, they show how gender significantly impacts this, with men tending to rely more on families or spouses for support, while women turn to friend networks, colleagues or formal programmes. The other papers in this issue deal with violence in a range of contexts. The first considers the interrelation of work and intimate partner violence. Stevia Asiimwe, Ruth Nsibirano and Victoria Flavia Namuggala examine intimate partner violence by Ugandan male police against their civilian female spouses – violence which is widely practiced and against which there is little protection. Identifying the ways in which the institutional framework of the Ugandan police force facilitates intimate partner violence, they single out particular aspects of police work such as abrupt transfers, work that separates couples and work overload as significant. They conclude that a range of responses including training and counselling and addressing the culture of overwork are needed. In the second Amanda Keddie, Maria Delaney, Ben McVeigh and Jaylon Thorpe consider violence against women in the context of colonial violence, and the importance of this for Indigenous programmes developed to prevent violence against women. Their paper focuses on an Australian programme and its facilitators and the way that
{"title":"Editorial","authors":"F. Attwood","doi":"10.1080/09589236.2023.2193011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2023.2193011","url":null,"abstract":"This issue of Journal of Gender Studies begins with a collection of papers that focus on workplace issues. In the first of these, Abeer Kamel Saad Alfarran shows how the COVID-19 pandemic changed the work patterns of married women in the Saudi Arabian public education sector. Alfarran outlines some of the difficulties experienced by remote women workers, from institutional disrespect for official working hours to weak internet connections, sitting for long periods and the distraction of children. However, women found that remote working and a blended workplace offered opportunities; making work easier in some ways, saving them time, offering a better work environment, allowing them to engage in self-development, for example by taking courses or studying, and creating a better work-life balance. Focusing on software engineering in China, Xiaotian Li examines how this work is gendered through men’s dominance in the sector, the prevalence of geek culture and overwork which privileges men as ideal workers and a hierarchisation of subspecialties which stigmatizes the work that women do. As a result, women in the sector use a range of strategies to navigate and negotiate gender rules and boundaries in the workplace – for example moving between feminine and masculine work styles and forms of appearance strategically to advance their careers. Navjotpal Kaur, Rosemary Ricciardelli, Amber Fletcher and R. Nicholas Carleton consider how public safety personnel – professionals in border services, communication officials, correctional workers, firefighters, paramedics and police, seek out support for their experiences of stress and potential trauma. Focusing on public safety personnel in Canada, they show how gender significantly impacts this, with men tending to rely more on families or spouses for support, while women turn to friend networks, colleagues or formal programmes. The other papers in this issue deal with violence in a range of contexts. The first considers the interrelation of work and intimate partner violence. Stevia Asiimwe, Ruth Nsibirano and Victoria Flavia Namuggala examine intimate partner violence by Ugandan male police against their civilian female spouses – violence which is widely practiced and against which there is little protection. Identifying the ways in which the institutional framework of the Ugandan police force facilitates intimate partner violence, they single out particular aspects of police work such as abrupt transfers, work that separates couples and work overload as significant. They conclude that a range of responses including training and counselling and addressing the culture of overwork are needed. In the second Amanda Keddie, Maria Delaney, Ben McVeigh and Jaylon Thorpe consider violence against women in the context of colonial violence, and the importance of this for Indigenous programmes developed to prevent violence against women. Their paper focuses on an Australian programme and its facilitators and the way that","PeriodicalId":15911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gender Studies","volume":"32 1","pages":"315 - 316"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41600128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/09589236.2021.1990031
A. Keddie, David Lees, M. Delaney
ABSTRACT Increased attention to gendered violence has led to a burgeoning of different community-based programmes designed to support men and boys to adopt more inclusive and respectful masculinities. Accompanying this attention has been a proliferation of guidance materials to support facilitators to critically reflect on their identities and practice to enact their work in gender just ways. In this paper, we explore issues of reflexivity, ethics and accountability in how facilitators work with men and boys. Through three facilitator stories, we consider processes of reflexivity in relation to facilitators: 1) recognizing their intersectional selves, 2) acknowledging and learning from prejudice, and 3) bringing an ethics of openness and vulnerability to their work. We argue that these areas of reflexivity are central to gender transformative facilitation.
{"title":"Reflexivity, ethics and accountability: facilitators working for gender transformation with boys and men","authors":"A. Keddie, David Lees, M. Delaney","doi":"10.1080/09589236.2021.1990031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2021.1990031","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Increased attention to gendered violence has led to a burgeoning of different community-based programmes designed to support men and boys to adopt more inclusive and respectful masculinities. Accompanying this attention has been a proliferation of guidance materials to support facilitators to critically reflect on their identities and practice to enact their work in gender just ways. In this paper, we explore issues of reflexivity, ethics and accountability in how facilitators work with men and boys. Through three facilitator stories, we consider processes of reflexivity in relation to facilitators: 1) recognizing their intersectional selves, 2) acknowledging and learning from prejudice, and 3) bringing an ethics of openness and vulnerability to their work. We argue that these areas of reflexivity are central to gender transformative facilitation.","PeriodicalId":15911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gender Studies","volume":"32 1","pages":"259 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48408753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-28DOI: 10.1080/09589236.2023.2191938
Inbar Livnat, Michal Almog-Bar, M. Soffer, M. Ajzenstadt
{"title":"A qualitative study of women care professionals’ experiences in social service non-profit organizations in Israel","authors":"Inbar Livnat, Michal Almog-Bar, M. Soffer, M. Ajzenstadt","doi":"10.1080/09589236.2023.2191938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2023.2191938","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gender Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45903110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.1080/09589236.2023.2191315
K. Ruchi, Smita Jha
{"title":"On lesbian subjectivity and same-sex marriage: an interview with Ruth Vanita","authors":"K. Ruchi, Smita Jha","doi":"10.1080/09589236.2023.2191315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2023.2191315","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gender Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48507938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-24DOI: 10.1080/09589236.2023.2194096
Hyla Maddalena
standpoint is not restricted only for/by Dalit women, but also how caste-gender affects Dalit men as well as upper-caste men and women in subtle contexts. Exploring the processes and functions of hegemonic systemic oppression in micro contexts could expand our understanding of their varied manifestations in multiple contexts, their inter-connections, and create a platform for weaving counternarratives. Dalit feminists should advocate solidarity-based feminism that valorizes ‘difference’. Anandita Pan not only explores what is different about Dalit feminism but also investigates ‘how’ it is different. Moreover, if ‘difference’ in Dalit women’s protest is to be historicized, then these struggles should be reinscribed, underlining the specificities of Dalit women’s experiences. She analyses the contentious relationship between knowledge and power and engages in an incisive discussion on knowledge production. Such analytical lens is used to highlight contesting narratives and re-create history. While Anandita Pan is optimistic concerning the possibilities of coalition across communities, identities, religions, and regions, she acknowledges the difficulties in achieving this. However, she does not address these issues in much detail. Furthermore, while the book focuses exclusively on the intersections between caste and gender, one cannot be oblivious to the intra-group differences among Dalit women due to their varying positionality. Nevertheless, given the stifling socio-political climate and Dalit feminism’s gradual entry into the academia, this book is a timely intervention to dismantle homogeneous feminist voices and contextualize the debate on intersectionality in order to critically analyse both the ‘sisterhood’ claims of mainstream Indian feminism and centralization of caste in Dalit movement or Dalit politics.
{"title":"Subversive habits: Black Catholic nuns in the long African American freedom struggle","authors":"Hyla Maddalena","doi":"10.1080/09589236.2023.2194096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2023.2194096","url":null,"abstract":"standpoint is not restricted only for/by Dalit women, but also how caste-gender affects Dalit men as well as upper-caste men and women in subtle contexts. Exploring the processes and functions of hegemonic systemic oppression in micro contexts could expand our understanding of their varied manifestations in multiple contexts, their inter-connections, and create a platform for weaving counternarratives. Dalit feminists should advocate solidarity-based feminism that valorizes ‘difference’. Anandita Pan not only explores what is different about Dalit feminism but also investigates ‘how’ it is different. Moreover, if ‘difference’ in Dalit women’s protest is to be historicized, then these struggles should be reinscribed, underlining the specificities of Dalit women’s experiences. She analyses the contentious relationship between knowledge and power and engages in an incisive discussion on knowledge production. Such analytical lens is used to highlight contesting narratives and re-create history. While Anandita Pan is optimistic concerning the possibilities of coalition across communities, identities, religions, and regions, she acknowledges the difficulties in achieving this. However, she does not address these issues in much detail. Furthermore, while the book focuses exclusively on the intersections between caste and gender, one cannot be oblivious to the intra-group differences among Dalit women due to their varying positionality. Nevertheless, given the stifling socio-political climate and Dalit feminism’s gradual entry into the academia, this book is a timely intervention to dismantle homogeneous feminist voices and contextualize the debate on intersectionality in order to critically analyse both the ‘sisterhood’ claims of mainstream Indian feminism and centralization of caste in Dalit movement or Dalit politics.","PeriodicalId":15911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gender Studies","volume":"32 1","pages":"407 - 408"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42009000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-22DOI: 10.1080/09589236.2023.2193880
Zhuyuan Han
{"title":"Reflecting on love and sexual discourses and becoming knowledge contributors: Chinese women’s critical reading on The Ladies’ Journal","authors":"Zhuyuan Han","doi":"10.1080/09589236.2023.2193880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09589236.2023.2193880","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15911,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Gender Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47924692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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