Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/erjsh.2023.195658.1148
Ahmed Shaker, ِAbdallah Saad, Abdelhameed Elharty
: . The gravity field is important to determine the size and shape of the earth, to determine the heights, to investigate the structure of the crust, and to explore the mineral wealth. A lot of gravity observations have been taken in Egypt. Those gravity observations are taken over a long-time span with different gravimeters, different references, and different processing methodologies. Those huge amounts of data need to be filtered and unified before using them in precise geoid determination. In the advent of satellite missions for gravity field determination and the yielded global gravity models with good resolution and precision, filtering the terrestrial observed gravity and improving the global gravity models should be done. In this research, the recent Global Geopotential Models (GGMs) will be used in filtering the terrestrial gravity anomalies, and then the reliable terrestrial anomalies will be used in improving the global model gravity anomalies. Four recent GGMs (EGM2008, XGM2019e_2159, GOCO06s, and SGG-UGM 2) are validated using terrestrial gravity anomalies to determine which model best fits the Earth’s external gravity field in Egypt. Thousands of terrestrial gravity anomalies are collected as different data sets, so one of the aims of this research is to unify them using the common points among them. Finally, gravity anomalies are used to obtain their corresponding undulation values using a simple model. The obtained results of this study are recommended when collecting all the gravity observations taken all over Egypt to compute precise gravimetric geoid
{"title":"Toward the Combination of the Most Reliable Terrestrial and Satellite Gravimetric Data for Precise Geoid Determination of Egypt","authors":"Ahmed Shaker, ِAbdallah Saad, Abdelhameed Elharty","doi":"10.21608/erjsh.2023.195658.1148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/erjsh.2023.195658.1148","url":null,"abstract":": . The gravity field is important to determine the size and shape of the earth, to determine the heights, to investigate the structure of the crust, and to explore the mineral wealth. A lot of gravity observations have been taken in Egypt. Those gravity observations are taken over a long-time span with different gravimeters, different references, and different processing methodologies. Those huge amounts of data need to be filtered and unified before using them in precise geoid determination. In the advent of satellite missions for gravity field determination and the yielded global gravity models with good resolution and precision, filtering the terrestrial observed gravity and improving the global gravity models should be done. In this research, the recent Global Geopotential Models (GGMs) will be used in filtering the terrestrial gravity anomalies, and then the reliable terrestrial anomalies will be used in improving the global model gravity anomalies. Four recent GGMs (EGM2008, XGM2019e_2159, GOCO06s, and SGG-UGM 2) are validated using terrestrial gravity anomalies to determine which model best fits the Earth’s external gravity field in Egypt. Thousands of terrestrial gravity anomalies are collected as different data sets, so one of the aims of this research is to unify them using the common points among them. Finally, gravity anomalies are used to obtain their corresponding undulation values using a simple model. The obtained results of this study are recommended when collecting all the gravity observations taken all over Egypt to compute precise gravimetric geoid","PeriodicalId":159365,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Journal (Shoubra)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135806206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: In terms of the importance of constructing mega agricultural projects in Iraq and within the rising water conflicts among its surrounding neighbors, this research was initiated with the objective of investigating an innovate technique to improve water quality of the river. Primarily, literature was reviewed in the field of solutions to water scarcity. Apparent was that many techniques are available, from which R iver B ank F iltration "RBF" was selected to be investigated to inspect its applicability and to test it against Iraqi's standards. Field visits were carried out along Tigris River, where data was assembled and 24 wells were dug perpendicular to the river centerline along 4 lines, 500 m apart. Each line had 4 near-wells, 5 m apart, and 2 far-wells, 100 m apart, on each line. A sampling campaign was carried out in November 2021 and water samples were extracted from the 16 near-wells, 8 far-wells and Tigris River. The laboratory results were obtained; plotted onto graphs; analyzed and tested against Iraqi's standards. Based on the laboratory results analysis, apparent was that the water identities were within the Iraqi’s standards. Accordingly, the research results highlighted the necessity of RBF technique application to improve water quality of Tigris river. It was further recommended to validate the results
{"title":"VERIFYING RIVER BANK FILTRATION APPLICABILITY IN IRAQ AGAINST IRAQI'S STANDARDS","authors":"Adnan Ghanim, mahmoud El-Refaae, Sonia Elserafy, Elzahry Farouk","doi":"10.21608/erjsh.2023.194181.1144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/erjsh.2023.194181.1144","url":null,"abstract":": In terms of the importance of constructing mega agricultural projects in Iraq and within the rising water conflicts among its surrounding neighbors, this research was initiated with the objective of investigating an innovate technique to improve water quality of the river. Primarily, literature was reviewed in the field of solutions to water scarcity. Apparent was that many techniques are available, from which R iver B ank F iltration \"RBF\" was selected to be investigated to inspect its applicability and to test it against Iraqi's standards. Field visits were carried out along Tigris River, where data was assembled and 24 wells were dug perpendicular to the river centerline along 4 lines, 500 m apart. Each line had 4 near-wells, 5 m apart, and 2 far-wells, 100 m apart, on each line. A sampling campaign was carried out in November 2021 and water samples were extracted from the 16 near-wells, 8 far-wells and Tigris River. The laboratory results were obtained; plotted onto graphs; analyzed and tested against Iraqi's standards. Based on the laboratory results analysis, apparent was that the water identities were within the Iraqi’s standards. Accordingly, the research results highlighted the necessity of RBF technique application to improve water quality of Tigris river. It was further recommended to validate the results","PeriodicalId":159365,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Journal (Shoubra)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135806217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/erjsh.2023.212720.1174
Nader Mahmoud, Eman Afifi, Ossama Abdo
: The main motivation of this research is to bridge the gap between modern neurological technologies and architecture, mainly on the topic of emotional and psychological response detection. This research conducts a revision of topics such as human perception, visual perception, space-generated emotions, psychological impact, and human emotions, beside a revision of modern technologies currently being implemented in the medicinal field with the purpose of emotion detection such as electroencephalography EEG and functional magnetic resonance imaging fMRI from an architectural practice perspective. Moreover, this research (a) suggested characteristics that are thought to be of great importance if included in any emotion’s evaluation tool that is meant to be used in architectural practice, (b) evaluated reviewed technologies based on the suggested characteristics in order to determine the most suitable available technology, and (c) suggested futuristic actions to be taken into consideration by technologies’ manufacturers and developers to finally deliver a version of the technology that fulfills architectural practice demands, particularly in detecting emotional responses generated by spaces.
{"title":"MEASURING SPACE-RELATED EMOTIONS Potential usage of modern technologies in the emotional appraisal of spaces","authors":"Nader Mahmoud, Eman Afifi, Ossama Abdo","doi":"10.21608/erjsh.2023.212720.1174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/erjsh.2023.212720.1174","url":null,"abstract":": The main motivation of this research is to bridge the gap between modern neurological technologies and architecture, mainly on the topic of emotional and psychological response detection. This research conducts a revision of topics such as human perception, visual perception, space-generated emotions, psychological impact, and human emotions, beside a revision of modern technologies currently being implemented in the medicinal field with the purpose of emotion detection such as electroencephalography EEG and functional magnetic resonance imaging fMRI from an architectural practice perspective. Moreover, this research (a) suggested characteristics that are thought to be of great importance if included in any emotion’s evaluation tool that is meant to be used in architectural practice, (b) evaluated reviewed technologies based on the suggested characteristics in order to determine the most suitable available technology, and (c) suggested futuristic actions to be taken into consideration by technologies’ manufacturers and developers to finally deliver a version of the technology that fulfills architectural practice demands, particularly in detecting emotional responses generated by spaces.","PeriodicalId":159365,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Journal (Shoubra)","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135806218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"إعادة تدوير فائض تقليم النخيل لدعم صناعة البناء وحماية البيئة من التلوث","authors":"Manerva kamel, Morad Abdelkader, Mohamed Steit, Maged Ezat","doi":"10.21608/erjsh.2023.199432.1155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/erjsh.2023.199432.1155","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":159365,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Journal (Shoubra)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135856343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/erjsh.2023.194336.1145
Adnan D. Ghanim, mahmoud El-Refaae, Sonia Elserafy, Elzahry Farouk
: In the framework of assessing the applicability of RBF " R iver B ank F iltration" technique in Iraq, this research was originated in order to validate its applicability against International Standards, where CCME-WQI " C anadian C ouncil of M inisters of the E nvironment W ater Q uality I ndex" was selected. A previous research results were adopted [1]. Principally, literature was reviewed in the field of RBF applicability verification. The results of the previous research were implemented to calculate the Canadian index, where 17 parameters were selected. These were Turbidity, No 2 , So 4 , TDS, F, NH 3 , Cl, Fe, Res cl, pH, DO, Alkalinity (Caco 3 ), Total Hardness (Caco 3 ), Ca, Mg, Mn and No 3 . Results were obtained; analyzed and plotted on graphs. From the graphs, apparent was that the WQI values ranged between 87 and 100, which indicated that the WQ " W ater Q uality" is within the acceptable range of the Canadian Standards that ranked the water quality, as "Excellent". Confident with the validation of RBF applicability, it was further recommended to inspect its sustainability.
{"title":"VALIDATING RIVER BANK FILTRATION APPLICABILITY IN IRAQ AGAINST INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS","authors":"Adnan D. Ghanim, mahmoud El-Refaae, Sonia Elserafy, Elzahry Farouk","doi":"10.21608/erjsh.2023.194336.1145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/erjsh.2023.194336.1145","url":null,"abstract":": In the framework of assessing the applicability of RBF \" R iver B ank F iltration\" technique in Iraq, this research was originated in order to validate its applicability against International Standards, where CCME-WQI \" C anadian C ouncil of M inisters of the E nvironment W ater Q uality I ndex\" was selected. A previous research results were adopted [1]. Principally, literature was reviewed in the field of RBF applicability verification. The results of the previous research were implemented to calculate the Canadian index, where 17 parameters were selected. These were Turbidity, No 2 , So 4 , TDS, F, NH 3 , Cl, Fe, Res cl, pH, DO, Alkalinity (Caco 3 ), Total Hardness (Caco 3 ), Ca, Mg, Mn and No 3 . Results were obtained; analyzed and plotted on graphs. From the graphs, apparent was that the WQI values ranged between 87 and 100, which indicated that the WQ \" W ater Q uality\" is within the acceptable range of the Canadian Standards that ranked the water quality, as \"Excellent\". Confident with the validation of RBF applicability, it was further recommended to inspect its sustainability.","PeriodicalId":159365,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Journal (Shoubra)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125338156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/erjsh.2023.200149.1157
Hanan Eltobgy, Mohamed Refaey, Alaa Hazaa
: This paper focused on applying progressive collapse (PC) procedures on a diagrid system structure and performing an optimization process to find the optimum angle to mitigate the PC with consuming minimum steel weight. The study is performed by analyzing 36, 48, and 60-storey diagrid systems with different inclination angles, 50.2º, 67.4º, 74.5º, and 82.1º, with 2, 4, 6, and 12-storey modules, respectively. This study relied upon the sudden load-bearing element loss technique using the alternative load pass method described by the UFC09 code [1], by using ETABS software [2]. The analysis results show that the optimum inclination angles range between 75° to 82°. .
{"title":"Optimum Geometry of Steel Diagrid Structural System to Resist Progressive Collapse","authors":"Hanan Eltobgy, Mohamed Refaey, Alaa Hazaa","doi":"10.21608/erjsh.2023.200149.1157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/erjsh.2023.200149.1157","url":null,"abstract":": This paper focused on applying progressive collapse (PC) procedures on a diagrid system structure and performing an optimization process to find the optimum angle to mitigate the PC with consuming minimum steel weight. The study is performed by analyzing 36, 48, and 60-storey diagrid systems with different inclination angles, 50.2º, 67.4º, 74.5º, and 82.1º, with 2, 4, 6, and 12-storey modules, respectively. This study relied upon the sudden load-bearing element loss technique using the alternative load pass method described by the UFC09 code [1], by using ETABS software [2]. The analysis results show that the optimum inclination angles range between 75° to 82°. .","PeriodicalId":159365,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Journal (Shoubra)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135806215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.21608/erjsh.2023.201094.1159
ahmed shahin, Ashraf Nessim, mohammed steit
: Recent research indicates that by employing adaptive architectural skins, energy consumption can be significantly reduced, as building skins are regarded as a boundary line between external and internal conditions and play the primary role in regulating energy consumption in buildings and preserving internal comfort. In architecture, smart materials with intrinsic properties that vary in response to different material-specific inputs or operating conditions are becoming widely researched. As they accumulate sensors and actuators that allow them to detect a stimulus, respond to it in a controlled manner, and return to their initial condition when the stimulus is removed . Accordingly, the main aim of this research is to investigate the viability of using smart materials in building skins in Egypt and how this will affect the energy consumption of buildings using a biomimetic approach. This approach suggests a compact, silent, lightweight dynamic building panel with simple actuation components. A performance comparison between the proposed shape morphing skin and a base case meeting room indicates that energy consumption can be reduced by 43%. These substantial results indicate that adaptive façades have the potential to improve building energy efficiency.
{"title":"Bio-based Adaptive skins: Investigating the impact of using shape-morphing skins on the energy consumption of administrative buildings","authors":"ahmed shahin, Ashraf Nessim, mohammed steit","doi":"10.21608/erjsh.2023.201094.1159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/erjsh.2023.201094.1159","url":null,"abstract":": Recent research indicates that by employing adaptive architectural skins, energy consumption can be significantly reduced, as building skins are regarded as a boundary line between external and internal conditions and play the primary role in regulating energy consumption in buildings and preserving internal comfort. In architecture, smart materials with intrinsic properties that vary in response to different material-specific inputs or operating conditions are becoming widely researched. As they accumulate sensors and actuators that allow them to detect a stimulus, respond to it in a controlled manner, and return to their initial condition when the stimulus is removed . Accordingly, the main aim of this research is to investigate the viability of using smart materials in building skins in Egypt and how this will affect the energy consumption of buildings using a biomimetic approach. This approach suggests a compact, silent, lightweight dynamic building panel with simple actuation components. A performance comparison between the proposed shape morphing skin and a base case meeting room indicates that energy consumption can be reduced by 43%. These substantial results indicate that adaptive façades have the potential to improve building energy efficiency.","PeriodicalId":159365,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Research Journal (Shoubra)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135856330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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