Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.13.1.110
A. Aghdasi, M. Abbaspour, A. Ahmadi
Background & objectives: The urban rail transport network is always at risk due to its special conditions. Many cases indicate the existence of threatening and risk factors for human societies in urban rail transportation systems. Therefore, in this study, with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the risks of urban rail transportation networks in order to increase resilience is on the agenda. Methods: The research method was descriptive-analytical and applied. The statistical population of this article included Tehran metro employees at Imam Khomeini station. In this article, the sample size has been selected systematically and purposefully, which included 24 employees and managers of Imam Khomeini station in Tehran. To classify the hazards of Tehran's urban rail transportation system, first the hazards were identified and the cause and consequences were determined and then the hazards were prioritized using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. Results: The results of the study showed that there are 22 hazards in Tehran's urban transportation system. The results of applying AHP in prioritizing the identified hazards indicated that the risk of floods, leaks and water accumulation, earthquakes, sabotage and terrorist activities, were among the hazards with important priorities in the rail transport network of Tehran, respectively. Also, heat in electric stations, sewage system of station and the presence of unpleasant chemical gases were among the items that had the least risks in the study area. Conclusion: The results showed that Tehran urban transportation system in the study station had potential hazards. Therefore, based on the identified risks, measures such as monitoring the behavior of tunnel and railway lines and data mining information, using firefighting equipment, completing the rapid alert system (in interaction with the Urban Crisis Organization) and developing emergency resilience instructions could be performed.
{"title":"Identifying and Prioritizing the Risks of Urban Rail Transportation Networks with Emphasis on Resilience \u0000(Case Study: Tehran Metro)","authors":"A. Aghdasi, M. Abbaspour, A. Ahmadi","doi":"10.52547/j.health.13.1.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.13.1.110","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: The urban rail transport network is always at risk due to its special conditions. Many cases indicate the existence of threatening and risk factors for human societies in urban rail transportation systems. Therefore, in this study, with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the risks of urban rail transportation networks in order to increase resilience is on the agenda. Methods: The research method was descriptive-analytical and applied. The statistical population of this article included Tehran metro employees at Imam Khomeini station. In this article, the sample size has been selected systematically and purposefully, which included 24 employees and managers of Imam Khomeini station in Tehran. To classify the hazards of Tehran's urban rail transportation system, first the hazards were identified and the cause and consequences were determined and then the hazards were prioritized using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. Results: The results of the study showed that there are 22 hazards in Tehran's urban transportation system. The results of applying AHP in prioritizing the identified hazards indicated that the risk of floods, leaks and water accumulation, earthquakes, sabotage and terrorist activities, were among the hazards with important priorities in the rail transport network of Tehran, respectively. Also, heat in electric stations, sewage system of station and the presence of unpleasant chemical gases were among the items that had the least risks in the study area. Conclusion: The results showed that Tehran urban transportation system in the study station had potential hazards. Therefore, based on the identified risks, measures such as monitoring the behavior of tunnel and railway lines and data mining information, using firefighting equipment, completing the rapid alert system (in interaction with the Urban Crisis Organization) and developing emergency resilience instructions could be performed.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90296462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.4.569
P. Akharbin, T. Soleimani, S. Sattari
Background & objectives: Employee empowerment is one of the most basic categories of human resource management in the present era, especially in dynamic environments such as medical science universities which are the pillars of capital and human resource management and requires systemic thinking. This study was conducted to identify the empowerment components of Ardabil university of medical sciences staff. Methods: The present study was conducted by qualitative methodology (grounded theory). The statistical population of the study consists of all employees working in the university of medical sciences who were working in 1398. From this number, 20 experts were selected as study sample using purposive sampling method. The data of this study were obtained using semi-structured interviews. Descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (content analysis method including open, axial and selective coding) were used to analyze the data. Results: The results of analyzing the data obtained from the semi-structured interview showed that the empowerment indicators included individual, interpersonal, organizational and technical indicators. Conclusion: The final results of the study indicate that various factors are effective in the components of empowerment, including individual, interpersonal, organizational and technical indicators, and university managers and decision makers can use those components to improve and enhance the empowerment of university staff.
{"title":"Explaining and Identifying the Empowerment Components of Staff of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences (with a Qualitative Research Approach)","authors":"P. Akharbin, T. Soleimani, S. Sattari","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.4.569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.4.569","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Employee empowerment is one of the most basic categories of human resource management in the present era, especially in dynamic environments such as medical science universities which are the pillars of capital and human resource management and requires systemic thinking. This study was conducted to identify the empowerment components of Ardabil university of medical sciences staff. Methods: The present study was conducted by qualitative methodology (grounded theory). The statistical population of the study consists of all employees working in the university of medical sciences who were working in 1398. From this number, 20 experts were selected as study sample using purposive sampling method. The data of this study were obtained using semi-structured interviews. Descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (content analysis method including open, axial and selective coding) were used to analyze the data. Results: The results of analyzing the data obtained from the semi-structured interview showed that the empowerment indicators included individual, interpersonal, organizational and technical indicators. Conclusion: The final results of the study indicate that various factors are effective in the components of empowerment, including individual, interpersonal, organizational and technical indicators, and university managers and decision makers can use those components to improve and enhance the empowerment of university staff.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84639999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.4.488
M. Rezaei, S. Shobeiri, A. Vaghayei
Background & objectives: Today, the world is facing with increase of population and shortage of foods. Organic products are produced without the intervention of any chemicals or artificial methods. In spite of general teaching to increase nutritional knowledge, there still is a deep gap between recommendations and what is seen in nutritional performance, so choosing the right teaching methods is very important. The present study was conducted to compare the effect of teaching of organic foods consumption by both traditional and participatory methods on nutritional knowledge and performance of ninth grade female high school students in Shahriyar. Methods: In terms of purpose, this study was an applied study and in terms of data collection method, a field trial with two experimental groups and a control group. The statistical population was composed of ninth grade students of Fazilat High School located in Shahriyar, among who 90 students were selected by convenience sampling method and divided into groups by simple random substitution. The control group received no teaching. An experimental group received teaching by traditional method and another experimental group received teaching by participatory method. The questionnaire in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire with 32 questions. Questions 1 to 18 were related to nutritional knowledge variable and questions 19 to 32 were related to nutritional performance variable. The reliability, content and construct validities of questionnaire were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha, opinion of experts and confirmatory factor analysis, respectively. Results: According to the results of analysis of covariance, at 95% confidence level, teaching of consumption of organic foods by participatory method had no significant effect on students' nutritional knowledge. The effect of teaching on students' nutritional knowledge by traditional method was significant, since significance level ( p =0.0001 and F=49.64) was less than 0.05 and this effect was equal to 0.46. The effect of teaching on students' nutritional performance by participatory method at significance level of p =0.0001 and F=42.21 was equal to 0.42 and by traditional method at significance level of p =0.021 and F=5.64 was equal to 0.10. Conclusion: Teaching the consumption of organic foods by traditional method compared to participatory method, had a greater effect on nutritional knowledge of ninth grade high school students. Also, teaching organic food consumption by participatory method had a greater effect on nutritional performance of ninth grade high school students compared to traditional method.
{"title":"The Effect of Teaching Consumption of Organic Foods on Nutritional Knowledge and Performance of High School Students","authors":"M. Rezaei, S. Shobeiri, A. Vaghayei","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.4.488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.4.488","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Today, the world is facing with increase of population and shortage of foods. Organic products are produced without the intervention of any chemicals or artificial methods. In spite of general teaching to increase nutritional knowledge, there still is a deep gap between recommendations and what is seen in nutritional performance, so choosing the right teaching methods is very important. The present study was conducted to compare the effect of teaching of organic foods consumption by both traditional and participatory methods on nutritional knowledge and performance of ninth grade female high school students in Shahriyar. Methods: In terms of purpose, this study was an applied study and in terms of data collection method, a field trial with two experimental groups and a control group. The statistical population was composed of ninth grade students of Fazilat High School located in Shahriyar, among who 90 students were selected by convenience sampling method and divided into groups by simple random substitution. The control group received no teaching. An experimental group received teaching by traditional method and another experimental group received teaching by participatory method. The questionnaire in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire with 32 questions. Questions 1 to 18 were related to nutritional knowledge variable and questions 19 to 32 were related to nutritional performance variable. The reliability, content and construct validities of questionnaire were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha, opinion of experts and confirmatory factor analysis, respectively. Results: According to the results of analysis of covariance, at 95% confidence level, teaching of consumption of organic foods by participatory method had no significant effect on students' nutritional knowledge. The effect of teaching on students' nutritional knowledge by traditional method was significant, since significance level ( p =0.0001 and F=49.64) was less than 0.05 and this effect was equal to 0.46. The effect of teaching on students' nutritional performance by participatory method at significance level of p =0.0001 and F=42.21 was equal to 0.42 and by traditional method at significance level of p =0.021 and F=5.64 was equal to 0.10. Conclusion: Teaching the consumption of organic foods by traditional method compared to participatory method, had a greater effect on nutritional knowledge of ninth grade high school students. Also, teaching organic food consumption by participatory method had a greater effect on nutritional performance of ninth grade high school students compared to traditional method.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85160323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.4.467
F. Mohammadi, Y. Rashtbari, Shirin Afshin, R. Askari, A. Moharrami, M. Vosoughi
Background & objectives : Dyes are structurally complex materials, which enter into the environment due to discharging of textiles effluent from dyeing and printing processes. Reactive Blue 52 dye is used widely in the textile industry. Therefore, we investigated the efficiency of the filamentous Alga as natural adsorbent in the removal of Reactive Blue 52 dye from textile wastewater. Methods: This experimental study was performed in laboratory scale. In this study, the effect of adsorbent dose, contact time, pH and different dye concentrations on efficiency of adsorption process were studied and finally, fitting rate of data for Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and also pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics were determined. For analysis of the data, linear regression and R-squared were used. Results: According to the obtained results, increasing of adsorbent dose to 22 g/100 mL in concentrations of 50 mg/L RB52 led to an increase of removal efficiency to 58.04%. Adsorption capacity was increased from 31.2 to 8.41 %, by increasing the initial pH from 3 to 11 for concentrations of 10 and 25 mg/L, respectively. Results showed that with the increase of contact time, removal efficiency increased and with increasing of initial dye concentration, the removal efficiency decreased. Langmuir isotherm was in good concordance with the data. The model of pseudo-second-order kinetic demonstrated better fitting with the experimental data. Conclusion: The results indicated the suitability of filamentous Alga as natural adsorbent for color removal.
{"title":"Eco-friendly Biosorption Process of Reactive Blue 52 Dye Using Alga Dried Biosorbent of Filamentous Alga Species: Equilibrium, Kinetic Studies and Intervening Effect","authors":"F. Mohammadi, Y. Rashtbari, Shirin Afshin, R. Askari, A. Moharrami, M. Vosoughi","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.4.467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.4.467","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives : Dyes are structurally complex materials, which enter into the environment due to discharging of textiles effluent from dyeing and printing processes. Reactive Blue 52 dye is used widely in the textile industry. Therefore, we investigated the efficiency of the filamentous Alga as natural adsorbent in the removal of Reactive Blue 52 dye from textile wastewater. Methods: This experimental study was performed in laboratory scale. In this study, the effect of adsorbent dose, contact time, pH and different dye concentrations on efficiency of adsorption process were studied and finally, fitting rate of data for Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and also pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetics were determined. For analysis of the data, linear regression and R-squared were used. Results: According to the obtained results, increasing of adsorbent dose to 22 g/100 mL in concentrations of 50 mg/L RB52 led to an increase of removal efficiency to 58.04%. Adsorption capacity was increased from 31.2 to 8.41 %, by increasing the initial pH from 3 to 11 for concentrations of 10 and 25 mg/L, respectively. Results showed that with the increase of contact time, removal efficiency increased and with increasing of initial dye concentration, the removal efficiency decreased. Langmuir isotherm was in good concordance with the data. The model of pseudo-second-order kinetic demonstrated better fitting with the experimental data. Conclusion: The results indicated the suitability of filamentous Alga as natural adsorbent for color removal.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74005900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.4.502
F. Babakhani, H. Samadi, A. Yousefian
Background & objectives: Benches play a basic role in students sitting in the correct posture for a long period. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ergonomics of common school benches on the electrical activity of selected muscles of healthy female students or with lumbar lordosis. Methods: For this purpose, 24 students with an average age of 10.26±1.78 years were selected and divided into two groups of 12 healthy subjects or with lordosis by convenience sampling. The students were sat down on two types of common benches in the school. At the beginning of sitting, a 30-second signal was taken from their selected muscles (rectus abdominis, spinal extensors, rectus femoris and biceps femoris), then a half-hour educational video was shown to them, and at the end, a 30-second signal was taken from their muscles. Statistical analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Results: There was a significant difference in the electrical activity of the muscles of healthy and lordosis students in attached benches in rectus femoris, biceps femoris and spinal extensors ( p <0.001). There was no significant difference in rectus abdominis muscle ( p <0.19). There was a significant difference in the electrical activity in the detached benches of the rectus femoris muscles ( p <0.001). However, there was no significant difference in rectus abdominis ( p <0.24), biceps ( p <0.37) and spinal extensors ( p <0.09). Conclusion: The results showed that sitting on attached benches was more inappropriate for students with lordosis. Therefore, it is recommended to design ergonomics standard table and benches based to the students' static anthropometric measurements.
{"title":"Comparison of the Effect of Ergonomics of Common School Benches on the Electrical Activity of Selected Muscles of Healthy Female Students or With Lumbar Lordosis","authors":"F. Babakhani, H. Samadi, A. Yousefian","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.4.502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.4.502","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Benches play a basic role in students sitting in the correct posture for a long period. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ergonomics of common school benches on the electrical activity of selected muscles of healthy female students or with lumbar lordosis. Methods: For this purpose, 24 students with an average age of 10.26±1.78 years were selected and divided into two groups of 12 healthy subjects or with lordosis by convenience sampling. The students were sat down on two types of common benches in the school. At the beginning of sitting, a 30-second signal was taken from their selected muscles (rectus abdominis, spinal extensors, rectus femoris and biceps femoris), then a half-hour educational video was shown to them, and at the end, a 30-second signal was taken from their muscles. Statistical analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. Results: There was a significant difference in the electrical activity of the muscles of healthy and lordosis students in attached benches in rectus femoris, biceps femoris and spinal extensors ( p <0.001). There was no significant difference in rectus abdominis muscle ( p <0.19). There was a significant difference in the electrical activity in the detached benches of the rectus femoris muscles ( p <0.001). However, there was no significant difference in rectus abdominis ( p <0.24), biceps ( p <0.37) and spinal extensors ( p <0.09). Conclusion: The results showed that sitting on attached benches was more inappropriate for students with lordosis. Therefore, it is recommended to design ergonomics standard table and benches based to the students' static anthropometric measurements.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"30 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86173562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.4.478
S. Afshar, H. Sheikhloie
Background & objectives: Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites of fungi and one of the most important types of mycotoxins identified as a carcinogen for humans. The aim of this study was to determine the level of aflatoxin M1 in milk production of dairy factories in east Azerbaijan province by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Methods: In this study, 45 samples of pasteurized milk were randomly collected from dairy factories in East Azerbaijan province between August and October 2015. Then, the amount of aflatoxin M1 in each sample was determined by HPLC method equipped with fluorescence detection after immunoaffinity purification. Results: The results showed that 47% of the tested samples were contaminated with aflatoxin M1 toxin. No detectable contamination was observed in 53% of the samples. The contamination range was between 1-43.27 ng/L, and none of the samples had contamination higher than the EU legal limit (50 ng/L). There was a significant difference in aflatoxin M1 contamination in pasteurized milk samples of different dairy factories ( p ˂0.05). Conclusion: The low level of aflatoxin M1 in the studied samples can be satisfactory in terms of public health at present. However, contamination level close to the standard limit was observed in 3% of the samples and requires continuous monitoring and more detailed studies such as the type of animal feed. In addition to maintaining the hygiene of livestock and dairy factories, it is necessary to plan to reduce the amount of aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products.
{"title":"Survey of Aflatoxin M1 in Pasteurized Milks of East Azarbaijan Province by HPLC Method","authors":"S. Afshar, H. Sheikhloie","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.4.478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.4.478","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites of fungi and one of the most important types of mycotoxins identified as a carcinogen for humans. The aim of this study was to determine the level of aflatoxin M1 in milk production of dairy factories in east Azerbaijan province by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Methods: In this study, 45 samples of pasteurized milk were randomly collected from dairy factories in East Azerbaijan province between August and October 2015. Then, the amount of aflatoxin M1 in each sample was determined by HPLC method equipped with fluorescence detection after immunoaffinity purification. Results: The results showed that 47% of the tested samples were contaminated with aflatoxin M1 toxin. No detectable contamination was observed in 53% of the samples. The contamination range was between 1-43.27 ng/L, and none of the samples had contamination higher than the EU legal limit (50 ng/L). There was a significant difference in aflatoxin M1 contamination in pasteurized milk samples of different dairy factories ( p ˂0.05). Conclusion: The low level of aflatoxin M1 in the studied samples can be satisfactory in terms of public health at present. However, contamination level close to the standard limit was observed in 3% of the samples and requires continuous monitoring and more detailed studies such as the type of animal feed. In addition to maintaining the hygiene of livestock and dairy factories, it is necessary to plan to reduce the amount of aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75628900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.4.549
S. Azami-aghdash, R. Nikanfar, N. Joudyian
Background & aim: Review and Content-Analyzing of the barriers to prevent most common injuries is a necessity for corresponding planning and policymaking. So this study was performed with the aim of review and content analysis of the literature regarding barriers to injury prevention. Methods: This review study was performed in 2020 and the required data were collected by searching for papers, reports, and other evidence in databases, web sites, and search engines. Six types of injuries were selected: Road Traffic Injuries (RTIs), suicide, falls, domestic violence , gun violence, and burns. Data were analyzed by the content analysis method. Results: The results of 30 studies were analyzed. The included studies have reported a total of 256 barriers for the prevention of the injuries (traffic injuries: 105, falls: 59, suicide: 30, gun violence: 20, Domestic violence:22 and burns: 20). The content analysis categorized the barriers into 31 categories (traffic injuries: 6, falls: 3, suicide: 4, gun violence: 6, Domestic violence:7 and burn: 5). Analysis of the data resulted in eight general categories of barriers to the prevention of the injuries including: knowledge and awareness barriers, social and cultural barriers, cooperation barriers, scientific evidence barriers, organizational barriers, resource shortages, personal barriers, and the barriers related to healthcare systems. Conclusion: Limited studies are published on the identification of the barriers to injury prevention. Thus a severe shortage of evidence is seen in this area. The findings of this study can help to make plans and policies for preventing injuries.
{"title":"Barriers to Preventing Common Injuries in the World: A Review and Content-Analysis Study","authors":"S. Azami-aghdash, R. Nikanfar, N. Joudyian","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.4.549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.4.549","url":null,"abstract":"Background & aim: Review and Content-Analyzing of the barriers to prevent most common injuries is a necessity for corresponding planning and policymaking. So this study was performed with the aim of review and content analysis of the literature regarding barriers to injury prevention. Methods: This review study was performed in 2020 and the required data were collected by searching for papers, reports, and other evidence in databases, web sites, and search engines. Six types of injuries were selected: Road Traffic Injuries (RTIs), suicide, falls, domestic violence , gun violence, and burns. Data were analyzed by the content analysis method. Results: The results of 30 studies were analyzed. The included studies have reported a total of 256 barriers for the prevention of the injuries (traffic injuries: 105, falls: 59, suicide: 30, gun violence: 20, Domestic violence:22 and burns: 20). The content analysis categorized the barriers into 31 categories (traffic injuries: 6, falls: 3, suicide: 4, gun violence: 6, Domestic violence:7 and burn: 5). Analysis of the data resulted in eight general categories of barriers to the prevention of the injuries including: knowledge and awareness barriers, social and cultural barriers, cooperation barriers, scientific evidence barriers, organizational barriers, resource shortages, personal barriers, and the barriers related to healthcare systems. Conclusion: Limited studies are published on the identification of the barriers to injury prevention. Thus a severe shortage of evidence is seen in this area. The findings of this study can help to make plans and policies for preventing injuries.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73779766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.4.591
S. Shams, A. Nasiripour, L. Nazrimanesh
Background & objectives: Considering the rewards, intrinsic motivation and trusting the goodwill can provide a situation for employee creativity that is vital to the survival of the organization. Therefore, considering the important role of creative employees in organizations, the goal of present research was to investigate the relationship between reward systems and staff creativity of Pars Abad health network Methods: The present study is descriptive-survey in terms of method and applied in terms of purpose. Data were collected using the Standard Employee Creativity Scale by Torrance (1963) and the Kabura Reward Systems Questionnaire (2009). 238 people were selected as the sample by Cochran's formula and simple random sampling method. The obtained data were tested by Pearson correlation and multivariate regression analysis. Results: The results showed that there were relationships between reward systems with stretch dimension (ß=0.173, p =0.007), with initiative dimension (ß=0.170, p =0.008) and with flexibility dimension (ß=144, p =0.026), but there was no significant relationship between reward systems with fluid dimension. Conclusion: Considering the relationship between reward systems and the creativity of the officials and employees of the health network of the studied city, it is suggested that the managers of the organization provide a suitable environment for creativity through methods such as timely reward in proportion to employees' performance. The implementation of the reward system and the program of job privileges and the granting of related benefits should be based on the results of the employee performance evaluation process.
背景与目标:考虑奖励，内在动机和信任善意可以为员工的创造力提供一个对组织的生存至关重要的环境。因此，考虑到创造性员工在组织中的重要作用，本研究的目的是调查帕尔斯阿巴德健康网络的奖励制度与员工创造力之间的关系。数据收集采用Torrance(1963)的标准员工创造力量表和Kabura奖励系统问卷(2009)。采用科克伦公式和简单随机抽样法，选取238人作为样本。所得资料经Pearson相关及多元回归分析检验。结果:结果表明，奖励机制与伸展性维度(ß=0.173, p =0.007)、主动性维度(ß=0.170, p =0.008)、灵活性维度(ß=144, p =0.026)之间存在相关性，而与流动性维度之间无显著相关性。结论:考虑到奖励制度与研究城市卫生网络官员和员工创造力之间的关系，建议组织管理者通过及时按员工绩效比例奖励等方法为员工的创造力提供合适的环境。奖励制度和工作特权方案的实施以及相关福利的授予应以员工绩效评估过程的结果为基础。
{"title":"Relationship of Reward Systems with Creativity of Officials and Pars Abad Health Network Staff","authors":"S. Shams, A. Nasiripour, L. Nazrimanesh","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.4.591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.4.591","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Considering the rewards, intrinsic motivation and trusting the goodwill can provide a situation for employee creativity that is vital to the survival of the organization. Therefore, considering the important role of creative employees in organizations, the goal of present research was to investigate the relationship between reward systems and staff creativity of Pars Abad health network Methods: The present study is descriptive-survey in terms of method and applied in terms of purpose. Data were collected using the Standard Employee Creativity Scale by Torrance (1963) and the Kabura Reward Systems Questionnaire (2009). 238 people were selected as the sample by Cochran's formula and simple random sampling method. The obtained data were tested by Pearson correlation and multivariate regression analysis. Results: The results showed that there were relationships between reward systems with stretch dimension (ß=0.173, p =0.007), with initiative dimension (ß=0.170, p =0.008) and with flexibility dimension (ß=144, p =0.026), but there was no significant relationship between reward systems with fluid dimension. Conclusion: Considering the relationship between reward systems and the creativity of the officials and employees of the health network of the studied city, it is suggested that the managers of the organization provide a suitable environment for creativity through methods such as timely reward in proportion to employees' performance. The implementation of the reward system and the program of job privileges and the granting of related benefits should be based on the results of the employee performance evaluation process.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80246022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.4.513
A. Soltani, M. Aliabadi, R. Golmohammadi, R. Bayat, R. Shahidi
Background & objectives: Exposure to hand- arm vibrations is one of the occupational risk factors for employing dentist manual tools. This study aims to determine the exposure level to vibration and its related health effects in dentists employed in academic clinics. Methods: This study was conducted on 30 dental practitioners as a case group and 30 employees at the clinic who were not exposed to vibration as a control group. Hand-arm vibration was measured using the SVANTEK 106 vibration meter in accordance with ISO 5349 standard. The level of musculoskeletal complications was determined using the hands grasping and finger grip strengths and finger dexterity. The level of neurosensory disorder was determined by the monofilament test. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software. Results: The mean of equivalent exposure level to vibration for 8 working hours was 0.65 m / s 2 for dentists which are lower than the national exposure limit. Feeling of needle punching was the most commonly reported symptom (47.5%) among dentists. The levels of handgrip strength, fingers' strength and dexterity of dominant hand were decreased 22 % ( p <0.05), 8% ( p <0.05) and 2 % ( p >0.05), respectively in case group compared to control group. The fingers sensory threshold of dentists was higher than the control group and in the dominant hand of the case group was higher than their non-dominant hand ( p <0.05). Conclusion: Despite the low level of exposure to vibration, a level of disability was observed in the physical and neurosensory function of dentist’s hand. The prevalence of neurosensory disorder was also more than musculoskeletal symptoms.
背景与目的:暴露于手臂振动是使用牙医手动工具的职业危险因素之一。本研究的目的是确定在学术诊所工作的牙医的振动暴露水平及其相关的健康影响。方法:本研究以30名牙科医生为个案组，以30名未接触振动的诊所员工为对照组。根据ISO 5349标准，使用SVANTEK 106振动计测量手臂振动。肌肉骨骼并发症的水平是通过手抓握和手指握力和手指灵巧度来确定的。单丝试验测定神经感觉障碍程度。数据分析采用SPSS 16软件。结果:牙科医生8小时的振动等效暴露水平均值为0.65 m / s 2，低于国家规定的暴露限值。有针刺感是牙医最常见的症状(47.5%)。病例组患者双手握力、手指力量和优势手灵巧度较对照组下降22% (p < 0.05)。病例组牙医的手指感觉阈值高于对照组，优势手高于非优势手(p <0.05)。结论:尽管低水平的振动暴露，但牙医手的物理和神经感觉功能仍存在一定程度的残疾。神经感觉障碍的患病率也高于肌肉骨骼症状。
{"title":"Study of Hand-Arm Vibration Exposure and Its Health Effects in Dentist Employed in Academic Clinics","authors":"A. Soltani, M. Aliabadi, R. Golmohammadi, R. Bayat, R. Shahidi","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.4.513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.4.513","url":null,"abstract":"Background & objectives: Exposure to hand- arm vibrations is one of the occupational risk factors for employing dentist manual tools. This study aims to determine the exposure level to vibration and its related health effects in dentists employed in academic clinics. Methods: This study was conducted on 30 dental practitioners as a case group and 30 employees at the clinic who were not exposed to vibration as a control group. Hand-arm vibration was measured using the SVANTEK 106 vibration meter in accordance with ISO 5349 standard. The level of musculoskeletal complications was determined using the hands grasping and finger grip strengths and finger dexterity. The level of neurosensory disorder was determined by the monofilament test. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software. Results: The mean of equivalent exposure level to vibration for 8 working hours was 0.65 m / s 2 for dentists which are lower than the national exposure limit. Feeling of needle punching was the most commonly reported symptom (47.5%) among dentists. The levels of handgrip strength, fingers' strength and dexterity of dominant hand were decreased 22 % ( p <0.05), 8% ( p <0.05) and 2 % ( p >0.05), respectively in case group compared to control group. The fingers sensory threshold of dentists was higher than the control group and in the dominant hand of the case group was higher than their non-dominant hand ( p <0.05). Conclusion: Despite the low level of exposure to vibration, a level of disability was observed in the physical and neurosensory function of dentist’s hand. The prevalence of neurosensory disorder was also more than musculoskeletal symptoms.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80321989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.52547/j.health.12.4.526
S. Ahmadkhaniha, J. Abolghasemi, S. Parvizy
Background & aim: Considering the important role of health caregivers in the health system as providers of health services and the use of e-learning method in in-service training of this group of health workers, the present study aimed to determine the attitude of health care workers in the health network of Qods city towards E-learning and determining their learning style. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 77 health care providers selected by census method. The research instrument had three sections: demographic information form, Mishra attitude questionnaire and Kolb learning style. Data were analyzed using descriptive tests (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and independent t-tests and analysis of variance, chi-square, Fisher's exact test and Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS software version 24. Results: The results showed that the mean score of attitudes of health care providers was 38.78 which considered positive due to being higher than the mean score of Mishra questionnaire. Learning style of 42.86% of health care providers was absorbing and then convergent styles with 29.87%, divergent with 22.08% and adaptive styles with 5.19% had the highest frequency among health care providers, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the attitude of health care providers and the type of employment and their interest in e-learning. There was also a significant relationship between health caregivers' learning style and age and work experience. Conclusion: Given the positive attitude of health care providers towards e-learning, it is suggested to focus on this method in holding training courses for this group of learners, and since there were all four learning styles among this group of learners, the applications of variety of methods in educational environments can meet their educational needs.
{"title":"A study of Learning Styles of Health Care Providers in Health Network of Qods City and Their Attitudes towards E-Learning in 1398","authors":"S. Ahmadkhaniha, J. Abolghasemi, S. Parvizy","doi":"10.52547/j.health.12.4.526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/j.health.12.4.526","url":null,"abstract":"Background & aim: Considering the important role of health caregivers in the health system as providers of health services and the use of e-learning method in in-service training of this group of health workers, the present study aimed to determine the attitude of health care workers in the health network of Qods city towards E-learning and determining their learning style. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 77 health care providers selected by census method. The research instrument had three sections: demographic information form, Mishra attitude questionnaire and Kolb learning style. Data were analyzed using descriptive tests (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and independent t-tests and analysis of variance, chi-square, Fisher's exact test and Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS software version 24. Results: The results showed that the mean score of attitudes of health care providers was 38.78 which considered positive due to being higher than the mean score of Mishra questionnaire. Learning style of 42.86% of health care providers was absorbing and then convergent styles with 29.87%, divergent with 22.08% and adaptive styles with 5.19% had the highest frequency among health care providers, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the attitude of health care providers and the type of employment and their interest in e-learning. There was also a significant relationship between health caregivers' learning style and age and work experience. Conclusion: Given the positive attitude of health care providers towards e-learning, it is suggested to focus on this method in holding training courses for this group of learners, and since there were all four learning styles among this group of learners, the applications of variety of methods in educational environments can meet their educational needs.","PeriodicalId":15954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81960268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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