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Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Prevention Barriers Related to Childhood Lead Poisoning Among Nepali-Speaking Bhutanese Parents in Northeast Ohio, United States. 美国俄亥俄州东北部讲尼泊尔语的不丹父母对儿童铅中毒的认识、态度、做法和预防障碍。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-023-01543-9
Sunita Shakya, Maggie Stedman-Smith, P Cooper White, Madhav P Bhatta

The study objectives were: (i) to develop and administer a survey to assess childhood lead poisoning (CLP) knowledge, attitudes, practices and prevention barriers (KAP-B) among the Nepali-Speaking Bhutanese (NSB) community in Northeast Ohio; and (ii) to examine the association between socio-demographic characteristics of NSB parents and their understanding of CLP as measured by the constructs of knowledge and attitudes. A Nepali language KAP-B questionnaire was developed and 200 NSB parents with at least one child ≤ 7 years of age from the Akron Metropolitan Area, Ohio were interviewed. NSB parents demonstrated a low level of knowledge about CLP prevention measures. While 82% lived in pre-1978 houses, only 27.5% perceived their house/neighborhood to be potentially lead contaminated. Only 33% of the parents reported understanding lead-related information provided by their child's healthcare provider. Low-level CLP awareness among NSB community emphasizes a need for culturally tailored and linguistically appropriate community-level CLP educational intervention programs in this vulnerable community.

研究目标是(i) 制定并实施一项调查,以评估俄亥俄州东北部讲尼泊尔语的不丹人(NSB)社区的儿童铅中毒(CLP)知识、态度、实践和预防障碍(KAP-B);(ii) 研究 NSB 家长的社会人口特征与他们对儿童铅中毒(CLP)的理解(以知识和态度为衡量标准)之间的关联。我们编制了一份尼泊尔语 KAP-B 问卷,并对俄亥俄州阿克伦大都会区至少有一名 7 岁以下儿童的 200 名 NSB 家长进行了访谈。NSB 家长对中氯磷预防措施的了解程度较低。82%的家长住在1978年以前的房子里,但只有27.5%的家长认为他们的房子/邻居可能受到铅污染。只有 33% 的家长表示了解其子女的医疗保健提供者提供的与铅有关的信息。NSB社区对铅中毒的认识水平较低,这强调了在这一弱势社区中开展具有文化针对性且语言适当的社区铅中毒教育干预计划的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Role of Social Support on Mental Health Among Resettled Bhutanese Refugees in Ohio. 社会支持对俄亥俄州重新安置的不丹难民心理健康的作用。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-023-01549-3
Bunsi Chapadia, Saruna Ghimire, Isha Karmacharya, Janardan Subedi, Surendra Bir Adhikari

More than 80% of Bhutanese refugees have resettled in the United States. Social support can lead to better resilience against poor mental health outcomes among this population. This study assessed the role of social support on mental health among the resettled Bhutanese adults in Central Ohio. This study used data collected by the Ohio Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services on 200 Bhutanese adults in Columbus. Social support was measured using a 12-item perceived social support scale. The 25-item Hopkins Symptoms Checklist was used to quantify depression and anxiety experienced in the past month. One-in-three participants reported mental health problems. Compared to participants with high social support, those with medium (OR 5.28, 95% CI 2.09-13.37) and low social support (OR 10.94, 95% CI 2.53-47.33) had more than 5- and 10-fold increased odds of mental health problems respectively. Future studies could further explore the role of social support on mental health during relocation, resettlement, and acculturation processes.

80%以上的不丹难民已在美国重新定居。社会支持可以提高这一人群的心理健康状况。这项研究评估了社会支持对俄亥俄州中部重新安置的不丹成年人心理健康的作用。这项研究使用了俄亥俄州心理健康和成瘾服务部对哥伦布市200名不丹成年人收集的数据。社会支持使用12项感知社会支持量表进行测量。25项霍普金斯症状检查表用于量化过去一个月经历的抑郁和焦虑。三分之一的参与者报告有心理健康问题。与社会支持度高的参与者相比,社会支持度中等(OR 5.28,95%CI 2.09-13.37)和社会支持度低(OR 10.94,95%CI 2.53-47.33)的参与者出现心理健康问题的几率分别增加了5倍和10倍以上。未来的研究可以进一步探索社会支持在搬迁、重新安置和文化适应过程中对心理健康的作用。
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引用次数: 0
The Relationship Between the Social Mission Content of Medical School Mission Statements and Minority Faculty Representation Among Faculty and Senior Leadership. 医学院使命宣言的社会使命内容与少数民族教师在教师和高级领导中的代表性之间的关系。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-023-01555-5
Kendall M Campbell, Dmitry Tumin, Jhojana Infante Linares, Christopher P Morley

Medical schools with social missions have the potential to increase minority student interest in health disparities research. In previous work, the authors looked at the missions of medical schools to determine if they were associated with minority student representation. In this paper, the authors look at the representation of full-time faculty and senior leaders who are underrepresented in medicine in US medical schools. This study included all MD-granting medical schools in the US with available data on mission statement Social Mission Content (SMC) and faculty demographics. Data were analyzed for representation of faculty underrepresented in medicine (URM) among all faculty, among junior as compared to senior faculty, and among department chairs. In the 2013 data, Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to characterize the association between SMC and contemporaneous URM faculty representation. In the 2014-2020 data, hierarchical linear models were used to estimate the association between SMC and the annual rate of change in URM faculty representation. In 2013, URM faculty accounted for 7.4% of all faculty at the median medical school, increasing to 8.4% in 2020. As of 2013, URM representation among junior faculty was 9.2% at the median school, 5.6% among senior faculty, and 4.3% among department chairs. The authors found a slow increase in the percentage of URM faculty members (but not department chairs). This trend did not vary between schools with lower vs. higher emphasis on a social mission (based on the mission statement). The increase in chair representation was determined to be associated with the type of the school, whether historically Black or Puerto Rican, and not precisely its mission.

具有社会使命的医学院有可能提高少数族裔学生对健康差异研究的兴趣。在之前的工作中,作者观察了医学院的使命,以确定它们是否与少数族裔学生代表性有关。在这篇论文中,作者观察了美国医学院全职教师和高级领导在医学领域代表性不足的情况。这项研究包括了美国所有授予医学博士学位的医学院,并提供了关于使命声明社会使命内容(SMC)和教师人口统计的可用数据。对数据进行了分析,以了解所有教员、初级教员与高级教员以及系主任中在医学(URM)方面代表性不足的教员的代表性。在2013年的数据中,计算了Pearson相关系数,以表征SMC和同期URM教师代表性之间的关联。在2014-2020年的数据中,使用分层线性模型来估计SMC与URM教师代表性的年变化率之间的关联。2013年,URM教员占中等医学院全体教员的7.4%,2020年增至8.4%。截至2013年,URM在中等学校的初级教师中的比例为9.2%,在高级教师中为5.6%,在系主任中为4.3%。作者发现URM教员(但不是系主任)的比例增长缓慢。这一趋势在对社会使命重视程度较低和较高的学校之间没有变化(基于使命声明)。校长代表人数的增加被确定与学校的类型有关,无论是历史上的黑人还是波多黎各人,而不是其使命。
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引用次数: 0
Racial, Ethnic, and Immigrant Generational Disparities in Physically Strenuous and Hazardous Work Conditions. 身体紧张和危险工作条件下的种族、民族和移民代际差异。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-023-01552-8
Gabino J Abarca Nava, Anne R Pebley

Despite the importance of work in adult life, research on the social determinants of health often ignores its effects. We examine race/ethnic, immigrant generational, and gender differentials in exposure to work conditions associated with poor health outcomes, using a nationally-representative sample of adults. On average, Latino 1st generation workers are more exposed to strenuous and hazardous work conditions than other workers, even after adjusting for sociodemographic differences. Exposure is lower for 2nd and 3rd generation Latinos. In contrast, Asian 1st generation men often have the lowest exposure levels of all groups and Asian 2nd and 3rd generation men have higher levels of exposure than the first generation, primarily due to intergenerational differences in education. Asian 1st generation women have higher exposures than those in the 2nd or 3rd generation. These results illustrate the importance of considering work conditions in research and policy related to the social determinants of health.

尽管工作在成人生活中很重要,但对健康的社会决定因素的研究往往忽视了它的影响。我们使用具有全国代表性的成年人样本,研究了与不良健康结果相关的工作条件下的种族/民族、移民世代和性别差异。平均而言,拉丁裔第一代工人比其他工人更容易接触到艰苦和危险的工作条件,即使在调整了社会人口差异后也是如此。第二代和第三代拉丁美洲人的接触率较低。相比之下,亚洲第一代男性往往是所有群体中暴露水平最低的,而亚洲第二代和第三代男性的暴露水平高于第一代,这主要是由于教育的代际差异。亚洲第一代女性的暴露量高于第二代或第三代。这些结果说明了在与健康的社会决定因素有关的研究和政策中考虑工作条件的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
"I'm not Alone; He will be There for Me": A Mixed-Method Approach Exploring the Impact of Spousal Support on Mammogram Utilization and Health Beliefs. “我并不孤单;他会在我身边”:探索配偶支持对乳房X光片使用和健康信念影响的混合方法。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-023-01557-3
Sarah Alkhaifi, Aasim I Padela

Regular mammogram screenings are effective for early breast cancer (BC) detection and decreased mortality rate. However, immigrant Muslim Arab women (IMAW) are less likely to adhere to these screenings although the rate of BC among IMAW is high. Recent studies have explored low mammogram screening rates among immigrant Muslim and/or Arab women from a limited perspective, overlooking the fact that husbands have an influence in IMAW's health behaviors toward cancer screenings. Thus, this mixed-method approaches were employed to (a) explore the association between spousal support and IMAW's health beliefs toward mammograms and their utilization, (b) to understand IMAW's experiences of spousal influence related to their mammogram use and health beliefs. The quantitative portion of the study, recruitment and data collection were conducted via online surveys in Arabic and English. Logistic regressions were used to explore relationships between perceived spousal support and IMAW's mammogram utilization and health beliefs. The qualitative portion of the study was conducted on a purposive sample of IMAW. A semi-structured interview guide in Arabic and English was used during one-on-one interviews. Arabic interviews were translated into English and transcribed by professionals. Interviews were analyzed by thematic analysis according to Braun and Clarke (2008). A total of 184 IMAW completed the survey with mean age of 50.4 (SD = 5.58, range = 45-60). Results revealed low mammogram screening rate among IMAW. Only 32.6% adhered to mammograms. Spousal support was positively associated with ever having obtained a mammogram and IMAW's adherence to mammogram. The 20 qualitative interviews, 16 in Arabic and four in English, produced rich description supporting results from the survey which includes, (a) types of spousal support, (b) impact of spousal support on participants' mammogram utilization and experience, and (3) impact of spousal support on participants' health beliefs toward mammograms. Findings from surveys and interviews show that a husband's support is positively associated with IMAW's mammogram utilization and health beliefs. Suggesting a new approach to integrate husbands in culturally appropriate interventions to increase mammogram screening rates among IMAW.

定期乳房X光检查对于早期发现癌症(BC)和降低死亡率是有效的。然而,移民穆斯林阿拉伯妇女(IMAW)不太可能坚持这些放映,尽管IMAW中的BC比率很高。最近的研究从有限的角度探讨了移民穆斯林和/或阿拉伯妇女乳房X光检查筛查率低的问题,忽略了丈夫对IMAW对癌症筛查的健康行为有影响这一事实。因此,采用这种混合方法来(a)探讨配偶支持与IMAW对乳房X光检查的健康信念及其利用之间的关系,(b)了解IMAW的配偶影响经历与他们的乳房X光照片使用和健康信念有关。研究的定量部分、招聘和数据收集是通过阿拉伯语和英语的在线调查进行的。Logistic回归分析用于探讨配偶支持感与IMAW的乳房X光检查利用率和健康信念之间的关系。该研究的定性部分是在IMAW的一个有目的的样本上进行的。在一对一访谈中使用了阿拉伯语和英语的半结构化访谈指南。阿拉伯语采访被翻译成英语,并由专业人员转录。Braun和Clarke(2008)通过主题分析对访谈进行了分析。共有184名IMAW完成了调查,平均年龄为50.4岁(SD = 5.58,范围 = 45-60)。结果显示IMAW的乳房X光检查筛查率较低。只有32.6%的患者坚持进行乳房X光检查。配偶的支持与是否进行过乳房X光检查以及IMAW对乳房X光的依从性呈正相关。这20次定性访谈(16次用阿拉伯语,4次用英语)产生了丰富的描述支持调查结果,其中包括:(a)配偶支持的类型,(b)配偶支持对参与者乳房X光检查使用和体验的影响,以及(3)配偶支持对参与者对乳房X光照片的健康信念的影响。调查和访谈结果表明,丈夫的支持与IMAW的乳房X光检查利用率和健康信念呈正相关。提出了一种新的方法,将丈夫纳入文化上合适的干预措施,以提高IMAW的乳房X光检查率。
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引用次数: 0
Gendered Health Outcome Among Somali Refugee Youth in Displacement: A Role of Social Support and Religious Belief. 流离失所的索马里难民青年的性别健康结果:社会支持和宗教信仰的作用。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-023-01546-6
Hyojin Im, Nicole George, Laura E T Swan

This study examines the factors influencing physical health status, specifically focusing on the gender differences in risk and promotive factors affecting health outcomes among Somali refugee youth displaced in Nairobi, Kenya (n = 227). A survey was used to assess participants' physical health along with psychosocial factors, somatic symptoms, and demographic characteristics. The study shows that religious belief and somatic symptoms among the total sample were significant predictors in influencing the outcome of physical health. A moderated mediation analysis and logistic regression analyses also revealed gender differences in associated factors as well as health status; female participants reported higher somatic symptoms, associated with a decline in physical health, whereas the protective effect of social support and religious belief promote was found only among male counterparts. Future studies and interventions would be benefited from a gender-specific approach to health promotion and coping mechanisms in this population.

本研究考察了影响身体健康状况的因素,特别关注肯尼亚内罗毕流离失所的索马里难民青年在风险和促进因素方面的性别差异(n = 227)。一项调查用于评估参与者的身体健康状况以及心理社会因素、身体症状和人口统计学特征。研究表明,总样本中的宗教信仰和身体症状是影响身体健康结果的重要预测因素。适度中介分析和逻辑回归分析也揭示了相关因素和健康状况的性别差异;女性参与者报告了更高的身体症状,与身体健康状况的下降有关,而社会支持和宗教信仰促进的保护作用仅在男性参与者中发现。今后的研究和干预措施将受益于在这一人群中采取针对性别的健康促进和应对机制。
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引用次数: 0
Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Asian Americans: Perspectives on the Role of Acculturation in Cardiovascular Diseases Health Disparities. 亚裔美国人的心血管风险因素:关于文化适应在心血管疾病健康差异中的作用的观点》(Perspectives on the Role of Acculturation in Cardiovascular Diseases Health Disparities)。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-023-01489-y
Victoria Vo, Glydel Lopez, Shravani Malay, Youssef M Roman

The growing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in the United States (US) has disproportionately affected minority populations more than their white counterparts. A population that is often overlooked is the Asian American population, particularly Southeastern Asian immigrants. Despite having relatively favorable socioeconomic indicators compared to the general US population, Asian Americans, specifically Southeast Asian individuals, face a significant burden of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and are considered a high cardiovascular disease risk group. In addition, most studies have aggregated Asian populations into one major racial group rather than analyzing the different ethnicities among the Asian categorization. While some studies suggest that the acculturation process has some degree of impact on cardiovascular health, there has not been a widely-used tool to measure or ascertain the totality of acculturation. Instead, multiple proxies have been used to measure acculturation, and prior studies have argued for more culturally-tailored acculturation proxies. This paper aims to assess the implications of different acculturation measures on cardiovascular health among Asian Americans, particularly Southeastern Asian immigrants. The following proxies were expanded on in this paper: English spoken at home, length of stay in the US, religiosity and spirituality, and admixed family structures. Previous studies showed that as the length of stay in the US increases, the burden of cardiovascular risk factors increases. However, the impact of English spoken at home, religiosity, and admixed family structure are still inconclusive given the extent of current studies. While most studies suggest that an increase in acculturation increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, it is critical to note that acculturation is a multifaceted process. Therefore, more studies are necessary to appropriately examine the implications of various acculturation processes on cardiovascular risk factors in Asians, specifically Southeastern Asian individuals in the US.

在美国,心血管疾病的发病率越来越高,与白人相比,少数族裔受到的影响更大。亚裔美国人,尤其是东南亚移民,是一个经常被忽视的人群。尽管亚裔美国人(尤其是东南亚人)的社会经济指标比美国普通人群相对较好,但他们面临着传统心血管风险因素的沉重负担,被认为是心血管疾病的高危人群。此外,大多数研究都将亚裔人口合并为一个主要种族群体,而不是分析亚裔分类中的不同种族。虽然一些研究表明文化适应过程对心血管健康有一定程度的影响,但还没有一种广泛使用的工具来测量或确定文化适应的整体性。相反,人们使用多种代用指标来衡量文化适应度,而之前的研究则主张使用更符合文化特点的文化适应度代用指标。本文旨在评估不同文化适应度测量方法对亚裔美国人,尤其是东南亚裔移民心血管健康的影响。本文扩展了以下代用指标:在家讲英语、在美国逗留时间长短、宗教信仰和精神信仰以及混血家庭结构。以往的研究表明,随着在美国逗留时间的延长,心血管风险因素的负担也会增加。然而,就目前的研究范围而言,家庭英语、宗教信仰和混血家庭结构的影响仍无定论。虽然大多数研究表明,文化适应度的提高会增加罹患心血管疾病的风险,但必须注意的是,文化适应是一个多方面的过程。因此,有必要进行更多的研究,以适当地考察各种文化适应过程对亚洲人,特别是美国东南部亚洲人心血管风险因素的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Oral Health Status, Behaviours and Oral Healthcare Utilization among Indian Migrants Compared to the Host Population in the Netherlands: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. 与荷兰受访人口相比,印度移民的口腔健康状况、行为和口腔保健利用情况:一项描述性横断面研究。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-023-01553-7
Amandeep Pabbla, Charles Agyemang, Geert van der Heijden, Denise Duijster

The aim of this study was to assess the oral health status, oral health behaviours and oral healthcare utilization among Indian migrants living in the Netherlands and how they compare with the host population. Based on a random sample from Dutch municipalities, cross-sectional data were obtained for the Indian migrants living in the Netherlands (n = 148) and the host population (n = 244). A questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographic, self-reported oral health status, oral health behaviours and oral healthcare utilization. The distribution of self-reported oral health variables for both groups were tabulated and compared using logistic, ordinal and multinomial regression analysis. When adjusted for covariates such as age, gender, marital status, education, income, occupation and dental insurance, regression analysis for oral health status showed that the odds of reporting oral impact on daily performances (OIDP) was 5.87 times higher for Indians compared to the host population (95%CI:3.45;9.65). In contrast, the odds of Indians reporting bleeding gums [OR = 0.44 (95%CI:0.27;0.73)] and diagnosed with gum diseases [OR = 0.23(95%CI:0.13;0.39)] were lower than the host population. Also, the odds of consuming alcohol and cakes or chocolates was significantly lower among Indian migrants compared to the host population [(OR = 0.15(95%CI:0.09;0.25)] and [OR = 0.33(95%CI:0.21;0.52)], respectively. But the odds of consuming sugar in hot beverages were significantly higher among Indians [OR = 10.44(95%CI:5.99;18.19)]. The odds of Indians visiting a dental professional were 9.22 times (95%CI:4.62;18.40) lower compared to the host population. We found that oral health status and behaviours among Indian migrants were different in certain aspects compared to the host population. However, their oral healthcare utilization remained overall lower. The underlying determinants for such observations merit further research. Migrant friendly approach from both the dental professionals and policy makers can encourage dental visits and improve the utilization patterns among Indians migrants in the future.

本研究的目的是评估居住在荷兰的印度移民的口腔健康状况、口腔健康行为和口腔保健利用情况,以及他们与东道国人口的比较情况。根据荷兰城市的随机样本,获得了居住在荷兰的印度移民的横断面数据(n = 148)和宿主群体(n = 244)。问卷用于收集有关社会人口统计、自我报告的口腔健康状况、口腔健康行为和口腔保健利用情况的信息。将两组的自我报告口腔健康变量的分布制成表格,并使用逻辑、序数和多项式回归分析进行比较。当对年龄、性别、婚姻状况、教育、收入、职业和牙科保险等协变量进行调整时,口腔健康状况的回归分析显示,与宿主人群相比,印度人报告口腔对日常表现(OIDP)影响的几率高5.87倍(95%CI:3.45;9.65)。相比之下,印度人报告牙龈出血的几率[OR = 0.44(95%CI:0.27;0.73)],并被诊断为牙龈疾病[OR = 0.23(95%CI:0.13;0.39)]低于宿主群体。此外,与东道国人口相比,印度移民饮酒、吃蛋糕或巧克力的几率要低得多[(or = 0.15(95%置信区间:0.09;0.25)]和[OR = 0.33(95%CI:0.21;0.52)]。但印度人在热饮中摄入糖的几率要高得多[或 = 10.44(95%CI:5.99;18.19)]。印度人拜访牙科专业人员的几率比东道国低9.22倍(95%CI:4.62;18.40)。我们发现,与东道国人口相比,印度移民的口腔健康状况和行为在某些方面有所不同。然而,他们的口腔保健利用率总体上仍然较低。这些观察结果的根本决定因素值得进一步研究。牙科专业人员和政策制定者对移民友好的做法可以鼓励牙科就诊,并改善未来印度移民的使用模式。
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引用次数: 0
Food Related Challenges and Mental Health Among U.S. African Migrants: A Narrative Review. 与食物有关的挑战和美国非洲移民的心理健康:叙述性综述》。
IF 2 4区 医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-023-01512-2
Maryan A Dualle, Lisa M Robinette, Irene E Hatsu

The United States' (US) African immigrant (AI) population is growing, yet they are underrepresented in health and nutrition research. This population experiences difficulties finding culturally appropriate foods and navigating the US food environment (FE), is highly food insecure (FI), and vulnerable to mental disorders. This review examined the current evidence for AIs' food and mental health outcomes and connections; and identified gaps in the literature and future research opportunities. A literature search was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and SCOPUS. Twenty-one studies were identified, reporting high (37-85%) FI rates, poor diet quality, and increased risk of mental disorders among participants. Challenges in the FE, lack of transportation, limited access to ethnic foods, low SES, and language barriers were associated with FI and poor diet quality. Similarly, discrimination, substance use, and immigration status were associated with depression and anxiety. However, studies examining the connection between AI's food experience and mental health are lacking. AIs are at a higher risk for FI, poor diet quality, and mental disorders. Ethnic-specific research to understand the connection between their food and mental health is needed to reduce nutrition and mental health disparities.

美国的非洲移民(AI)人口在不断增长,但他们在健康和营养研究中的代表性却不足。这些人在寻找适合其文化的食物和驾驭美国食品环境(FE)方面遇到困难,他们的食品极不安全(FI),而且很容易患精神疾病。本综述研究了当前有关人工智能食品与心理健康结果和联系的证据,并确定了文献中的空白和未来的研究机会。我们使用 Google Scholar、PubMed、CINAHL、MEDLINE 和 SCOPUS 进行了文献检索。共发现 21 项研究,报告了参与者的高 FI 率(37%-85%)、饮食质量差和精神障碍风险增加。FE面临的挑战、交通不便、获得民族食品的机会有限、社会经济地位低以及语言障碍与FI和饮食质量差有关。同样,歧视、药物使用和移民身份也与抑郁和焦虑有关。然而,目前还缺乏对人工智能食物体验与心理健康之间联系的研究。AIs 患 FI、饮食质量差和精神障碍的风险较高。需要开展针对特定种族的研究,以了解他们的饮食与心理健康之间的联系,从而减少营养和心理健康方面的差异。
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引用次数: 0
Reliance on Social Networks and Health Professionals for Health Information in the U.S. Adult Population. 依赖社交网络和卫生专业人员获取美国成年人口的健康信息。
IF 1.9 4区 医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-21 DOI: 10.1007/s10903-023-01556-4
Donnette Narine, Takashi Yamashita, Wonmai Punksungka, Abigail Helsinger, Jenna W Kramer, Rita Karam, Phyllis A Cummins

The subpopulation of adults depends on non-online health information sources including their social networks and health professionals, to the exclusion of online sources. In view of the digital divide and health information disparities, the roles of race/ethnicity and digital skills are yet to be explored. A nationally representative sample of 6,830 adults from the Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) was analyzed, using binary logistic regression. Black adults and adults with higher digital skills were less likely to be reliant on non-online health information sources, compared to White adults and those with lower digital skills, respectively. Differences in non-online health information source reliance by race/ethnicity and digital skills might be further nuanced by the relevant demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Increasing digital skills may expand one's health information sources to include reliable online sources and empower adults to promote their health.

成年人的亚群体依赖非在线健康信息来源,包括他们的社交网络和卫生专业人员,不包括在线来源。鉴于数字鸿沟和健康信息差异,种族/族裔和数字技能的作用尚待探索。使用二元逻辑回归分析了来自国际成人能力评估计划(PIAC)的6830名具有全国代表性的成年人样本。与白人成年人和数字技能较低的成年人相比,黑人成年人和数字能力较高的成年人不太可能依赖非在线健康信息来源。种族/民族和数字技能在非在线健康信息来源依赖方面的差异可能会因相关的人口和社会经济特征而进一步加剧。提高数字技能可以扩大一个人的健康信息来源,包括可靠的在线来源,并使成年人能够促进他们的健康。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health
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