Pub Date : 2022-07-31DOI: 10.47544/johsk.2022.3.2.4
Duke D. Biber, Peter Stoepker, Ashlee Davis, T. Ha
The purpose of this review was to systematically review the published research on the effect of physical activity (PA) interventions on PA behavior among university students. A PA intervention was defined as participants engaging in PA and measuring changes in PA from pre- to post-intervention. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were (1) published in peer-reviewed English-language journals, (2) included undergraduate university students, (3) implemented a PA intervention, and 4) assessed PA via self-report or direct measures. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in this review. PA interventions were more effective than other techniques or control settings in improving PA behavior in university student participants. The review discusses sample characteristics, study design, PA behavior measurement, PA intervention implementation, and the theoretical frameworks of the studies, along with limitations of the research and suggestions for future researchers.
{"title":"College Student Physical Activity: A Systematic Review","authors":"Duke D. Biber, Peter Stoepker, Ashlee Davis, T. Ha","doi":"10.47544/johsk.2022.3.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47544/johsk.2022.3.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this review was to systematically review the published research on the effect of physical activity (PA) interventions on PA behavior among university students. A PA intervention was defined as participants engaging in PA and measuring changes in PA from pre- to post-intervention. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were (1) published in peer-reviewed English-language journals, (2) included undergraduate university students, (3) implemented a PA intervention, and 4) assessed PA via self-report or direct measures. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in this review. PA interventions were more effective than other techniques or control settings in improving PA behavior in university student participants. The review discusses sample characteristics, study design, PA behavior measurement, PA intervention implementation, and the theoretical frameworks of the studies, along with limitations of the research and suggestions for future researchers.","PeriodicalId":16025,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Sports, and Kinesiology","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87013282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-31DOI: 10.47544/johsk.2022.3.2.20
Renzo KERR-CUMBO
End of offensive phase with efficacy is the main aim in soccer. Limited research on Guardiola’s Manchester City, catalysed this diachronic, idiographic, and multidimensional case study which applied lag-sequential analysis. All attacking behaviours of City’s matches from the UEFA Champions League 2019-2020 (group stage) were obtained from INSTAT, recorded on SoccerEye and analysed by SDIS-GSEQ and Microsoft Excel. Findings show that City had a 17.07% efficacy in their attacking sequences. Having the ball in the central offensive zone induced wide shots (Fws z=4.14), shots on target (Fst z=2.34) and goals (Fgl z=4.61), and inhibited loss of ball possession by error of the ball carrier / defender’s intervention (Fled z=-7.74). City’s relative numerical inferiority induced loss of ball possession by error of the ball carrier / defender’s intervention (Fled z=2.49) or loss of ball possession by intervention of the opponent’s goalkeeper (Fgk z=2.52), while numerical equality with no pressure induced wide shots (Fws z=3.77) and throwing the ball out of the pitch (Fo z=2.51). The interactions between forward line and opponents’ midline (FM; z=2.66) and midline with midline (MM; z=4.18), induced loss of ball possession by error of the ball carrier / defender’s intervention. Finally, it was evident that City’s goals (Fgl z=4.63) were induced by the ball being played between the offensive line of the attacking team and the empty zone (opponent goalkeeper) of the defending team. Besides contributing to the existing gap of scientific understanding of patterns of play in Manchester City’s game, these findings shall also provide a benchmark for comparisons in future research and also a scientific foundation to discuss football match analysis.
{"title":"A Case Study Applying Lag-Sequential Analysis on Manchester City’s End of Offensive Phase During the UEFA Champions League","authors":"Renzo KERR-CUMBO","doi":"10.47544/johsk.2022.3.2.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47544/johsk.2022.3.2.20","url":null,"abstract":"End of offensive phase with efficacy is the main aim in soccer. Limited research on Guardiola’s Manchester City, catalysed this diachronic, idiographic, and multidimensional case study which applied lag-sequential analysis. All attacking behaviours of City’s matches from the UEFA Champions League 2019-2020 (group stage) were obtained from INSTAT, recorded on SoccerEye and analysed by SDIS-GSEQ and Microsoft Excel. Findings show that City had a 17.07% efficacy in their attacking sequences. Having the ball in the central offensive zone induced wide shots (Fws z=4.14), shots on target (Fst z=2.34) and goals (Fgl z=4.61), and inhibited loss of ball possession by error of the ball carrier / defender’s intervention (Fled z=-7.74). City’s relative numerical inferiority induced loss of ball possession by error of the ball carrier / defender’s intervention (Fled z=2.49) or loss of ball possession by intervention of the opponent’s goalkeeper (Fgk z=2.52), while numerical equality with no pressure induced wide shots (Fws z=3.77) and throwing the ball out of the pitch (Fo z=2.51). The interactions between forward line and opponents’ midline (FM; z=2.66) and midline with midline (MM; z=4.18), induced loss of ball possession by error of the ball carrier / defender’s intervention. Finally, it was evident that City’s goals (Fgl z=4.63) were induced by the ball being played between the offensive line of the attacking team and the empty zone (opponent goalkeeper) of the defending team. Besides contributing to the existing gap of scientific understanding of patterns of play in Manchester City’s game, these findings shall also provide a benchmark for comparisons in future research and also a scientific foundation to discuss football match analysis.","PeriodicalId":16025,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Sports, and Kinesiology","volume":"160 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86206235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-31DOI: 10.47544/johsk.2022.3.2.14
D. Moon, Erick Kong
The benefits of physical activity (PA) participation are well documented, and yet many students with disabilities remain inactive. Approximately 19 % of U.S. undergraduate students have a disability and this is an 8 % increase since a decade ago. As the number of college/university students with disabilities (CUSD) is consistently increasing, it is important to provide equal opportunities for this population to be physically active. While inactivity raises health concerns for all college students, literature reveals that CUSD are less physically active than those without disabilities and/or CUSD may not know much about college PA opportunities on campus. This suggests that there might not be enough college PA programs available for CUSD. The purpose of this paper is to provide the importance of PA programs/courses for CUSD, college/university students without disabilities, and faculty. In addition, we will identify possible challenges to designing and implementing college PA programs for CUSD and strategies to better manage those challenges based on a review of the existing literature.
{"title":"Promoting Physical Activity for College and University Students with Disabilities","authors":"D. Moon, Erick Kong","doi":"10.47544/johsk.2022.3.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47544/johsk.2022.3.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"The benefits of physical activity (PA) participation are well documented, and yet many students with disabilities remain inactive. Approximately 19 % of U.S. undergraduate students have a disability and this is an 8 % increase since a decade ago. As the number of college/university students with disabilities (CUSD) is consistently increasing, it is important to provide equal opportunities for this population to be physically active. While inactivity raises health concerns for all college students, literature reveals that CUSD are less physically active than those without disabilities and/or CUSD may not know much about college PA opportunities on campus. This suggests that there might not be enough college PA programs available for CUSD. The purpose of this paper is to provide the importance of PA programs/courses for CUSD, college/university students without disabilities, and faculty. In addition, we will identify possible challenges to designing and implementing college PA programs for CUSD and strategies to better manage those challenges based on a review of the existing literature.","PeriodicalId":16025,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Sports, and Kinesiology","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83387649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-31DOI: 10.47544/johsk.2022.3.2.32
Y. Oh, S. Braun, Joshua Stringer, Zoë Kapusta, Daniel Stockhaus
The purpose of this study was to qualitatively explore the themes and factors surrounding secondary PE teachers’ job satisfaction and to find similarities and differences in the factors that influence job satisfaction among secondary school physical education (PE) teachers in Japan, South Korea, and the United States. Using a purposive sampling, nine secondary school PE teachers, three in each country, were recruited. A total of five investigators visited each participant’s school for an entire day and collected field notes while observing PE sessions. At the end of each class period, each participant reported their job satisfaction on an 11-point visual analog scale, and a semi-structured interview was conducted in their native language. Four primary themes surrounding job satisfaction emerged: 1) student behavior, attitude, & motivations, 2) teacher’s workload including their compensation and work-life balance, 3) their relations with coworkers, and 4) administration, funding, & professional development support, among which workload and student behaviors were consistently reported in all three countries. Future research should quantitatively examine, with a larger sample size, the interrelationships of these identified themes impacting overall job satisfaction in secondary PE teachers.
{"title":"A Qualitative Study of Secondary Physical Education Teachers’ Job Satisfaction in Japan, South Korea, and the United States","authors":"Y. Oh, S. Braun, Joshua Stringer, Zoë Kapusta, Daniel Stockhaus","doi":"10.47544/johsk.2022.3.2.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47544/johsk.2022.3.2.32","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to qualitatively explore the themes and factors surrounding secondary PE teachers’ job satisfaction and to find similarities and differences in the factors that influence job satisfaction among secondary school physical education (PE) teachers in Japan, South Korea, and the United States. Using a purposive sampling, nine secondary school PE teachers, three in each country, were recruited. A total of five investigators visited each participant’s school for an entire day and collected field notes while observing PE sessions. At the end of each class period, each participant reported their job satisfaction on an 11-point visual analog scale, and a semi-structured interview was conducted in their native language. Four primary themes surrounding job satisfaction emerged: 1) student behavior, attitude, & motivations, 2) teacher’s workload including their compensation and work-life balance, 3) their relations with coworkers, and 4) administration, funding, & professional development support, among which workload and student behaviors were consistently reported in all three countries. Future research should quantitatively examine, with a larger sample size, the interrelationships of these identified themes impacting overall job satisfaction in secondary PE teachers.","PeriodicalId":16025,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Sports, and Kinesiology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79418048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As evident by papers in this Special Section, there are diverse people characteristics (some visible, some not) that limit children and adolescents from engaging actively during physical education (PE) and sport sessions. This is prominent when programs and sessions are delivered in a “traditional” manner. A frequently occurring visible condition is overweight/obesity. This short paper summarizes the worldwide importance of physical activity and uses a fictional character (Forrest Plump) to provide a parody about how obesity may inhibit active engagement in school and sport programs. It concludes with suggestions relevant to the IOHSK membership.
{"title":"Obesity Causes Physical Inactivity: A Forrest Plump Parody on Programs and Instruction","authors":"T. McKenzie","doi":"10.47544/johsk.04182022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47544/johsk.04182022","url":null,"abstract":"As evident by papers in this Special Section, there are diverse people characteristics (some visible, some not) that limit children and adolescents from engaging actively during physical education (PE) and sport sessions. This is prominent when programs and sessions are delivered in a “traditional” manner. A frequently occurring visible condition is overweight/obesity. This short paper summarizes the worldwide importance of physical activity and uses a fictional character (Forrest Plump) to provide a parody about how obesity may inhibit active engagement in school and sport programs. It concludes with suggestions relevant to the IOHSK membership.","PeriodicalId":16025,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Sports, and Kinesiology","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77263901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.47544/johsk.2021.2.4.29
E. Clark, Dorin Drignei, Elise C. Brown
ABSTRACT Although sex differences in body composition are well established, differences in the relationship between adiposity and muscular strength remain elusive. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine sex differences in the relationship between muscular strength and adiposity in adults. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), skinfold, and bench press were assessed on 140 males and females aged 18-40 years. Normalized strength (NS) was determined by dividing bench press one-repetition maximum by body mass. Using linear regression, positive associations between NS and BMI were found in males [p=0.003, parameter estimate (PE)=0.051] and females (p=0.010, PE=0.021); inverse associations between NS and body fat percentage were found in males (p<0.001, PE=-0.035) and females (p=0.015, PE=-0.008); an inverse association between NS and WC was observed only amongst females (p=0.037, PE=-0.011); and no significant associations were found between NS and (WtHR) for either sex. Although the current study design does not permit determining causality, the findings suggest that resistance training may be more effective in reducing abdominal adiposity in females.
{"title":"Sex Differences in the Association Between Muscular Strength and Adiposity in Healthy Adults","authors":"E. Clark, Dorin Drignei, Elise C. Brown","doi":"10.47544/johsk.2021.2.4.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47544/johsk.2021.2.4.29","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000Although sex differences in body composition are well established, differences in the relationship between adiposity and muscular strength remain elusive. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine sex differences in the relationship between muscular strength and adiposity in adults. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), skinfold, and bench press were assessed on 140 males and females aged 18-40 years. Normalized strength (NS) was determined by dividing bench press one-repetition maximum by body mass. Using linear regression, positive associations between NS and BMI were found in males [p=0.003, parameter estimate (PE)=0.051] and females (p=0.010, PE=0.021); inverse associations between NS and body fat percentage were found in males (p<0.001, PE=-0.035) and females (p=0.015, PE=-0.008); an inverse association between NS and WC was observed only amongst females (p=0.037, PE=-0.011); and no significant associations were found between NS and (WtHR) for either sex. Although the current study design does not permit determining causality, the findings suggest that resistance training may be more effective in reducing abdominal adiposity in females.","PeriodicalId":16025,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Sports, and Kinesiology","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80350885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.47544/johsk.2021.2.4.4
Jinkyung Park, Y. Koh
This study aimed to examine the response of lipid and lipoprotein levels following different intensities of exercise in obese males. Fifteen obese (body mass index > 30 kg/m2), sedentary (less than 2 days per week of physical activity) males, aged 18–30 years, participated in this randomized, cross-over study. The participants performed a single bout of cycling exercise (average energy expenditure: ~300 kcal) at two different intensities [lower-intensity: 50% of maximal heart rate and higher-intensity: 80% of maximal heart rate] in a random order. Overnight fasting blood samples were collected at baseline, immediately post-exercise (IPE), 1-hr PE, and 24-hr PE for each intensity of exercise to determine the profile of blood lipids and lipoproteins [total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)]. A 2(intensity) × 4(time) analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to examine the main and interaction differences in intensity and time on the profile of blood lipids and lipoproteins. The blood lipids and lipoproteins were not significantly altered following either lower or higher intensity exercise. There was no significant interaction between intensity and time. The results suggest that regardless of exercise intensity, an acute bout of aerobic exercise requiring 300 kcal energy expenditure may not be enough to significantly alter blood lipids and lipoproteins in physically healthy obese males. Therefore, it is recommended that future research determine whether different intensities of chronic exercise requiring the same or higher volume of energy expenditure can positively alter the blood lipid profiles in obese males.
{"title":"Acute Response of Blood Lipids and Lipoproteins to Different Intensities of Exercise in Obese Males","authors":"Jinkyung Park, Y. Koh","doi":"10.47544/johsk.2021.2.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47544/johsk.2021.2.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to examine the response of lipid and lipoprotein levels following different intensities of exercise in obese males. Fifteen obese (body mass index > 30 kg/m2), sedentary (less than 2 days per week of physical activity) males, aged 18–30 years, participated in this randomized, cross-over study. The participants performed a single bout of cycling exercise (average energy expenditure: ~300 kcal) at two different intensities [lower-intensity: 50% of maximal heart rate and higher-intensity: 80% of maximal heart rate] in a random order. Overnight fasting blood samples were collected at baseline, immediately post-exercise (IPE), 1-hr PE, and 24-hr PE for each intensity of exercise to determine the profile of blood lipids and lipoproteins [total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)]. A 2(intensity) × 4(time) analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to examine the main and interaction differences in intensity and time on the profile of blood lipids and lipoproteins. The blood lipids and lipoproteins were not significantly altered following either lower or higher intensity exercise. There was no significant interaction between intensity and time. The results suggest that regardless of exercise intensity, an acute bout of aerobic exercise requiring 300 kcal energy expenditure may not be enough to significantly alter blood lipids and lipoproteins in physically healthy obese males. Therefore, it is recommended that future research determine whether different intensities of chronic exercise requiring the same or higher volume of energy expenditure can positively alter the blood lipid profiles in obese males.","PeriodicalId":16025,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Sports, and Kinesiology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87175677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.47544/johsk.2021.2.4.36
Dennis Hernandez, Y. Kwon
The rest duration between sets is one of the most essential resistance training variables; however, research on the effects of rest intervals between sets has shown inconsistencies on whether short or long rest intervals significantly increase overall performance during resistance training. This literature review aimed to investigate how different rest intervals between sets affect the maintenance of repetitions, training volume, and overall strength gains from resistance exercises in both trained and non-trained individuals. Fifteen original investigations and three textbooks involving the effect of between set rest intervals during resistance training are summarized in this review. The results for the studies interested in repetition maintenance suggested longer rest intervals significantly increased the number of repetitions and helped repetitions stay more consistent throughout sets. Longer rest intervals were also determined to increase training volume but had no significant effect on overall strength gains. Biochemical substrates that provide the catalyst for energy creation can take up to eight minutes to fully resynthesize; therefore, more research is needed on longer rest intervals to see if there are further increases in resistance training performance.
{"title":"A Review: Effect of Rest Interval Duration on the Volume Completed During Resistance Training","authors":"Dennis Hernandez, Y. Kwon","doi":"10.47544/johsk.2021.2.4.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47544/johsk.2021.2.4.36","url":null,"abstract":"The rest duration between sets is one of the most essential resistance training variables; however, research on the effects of rest intervals between sets has shown inconsistencies on whether short or long rest intervals significantly increase overall performance during resistance training. This literature review aimed to investigate how different rest intervals between sets affect the maintenance of repetitions, training volume, and overall strength gains from resistance exercises in both trained and non-trained individuals. Fifteen original investigations and three textbooks involving the effect of between set rest intervals during resistance training are summarized in this review. The results for the studies interested in repetition maintenance suggested longer rest intervals significantly increased the number of repetitions and helped repetitions stay more consistent throughout sets. Longer rest intervals were also determined to increase training volume but had no significant effect on overall strength gains. Biochemical substrates that provide the catalyst for energy creation can take up to eight minutes to fully resynthesize; therefore, more research is needed on longer rest intervals to see if there are further increases in resistance training performance.","PeriodicalId":16025,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Sports, and Kinesiology","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79007809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.47544/johsk.2021.2.4.10
P. Hastie, Yanhua Mo, Hairui Liu
This study examined the veracity of the commonly held notion that ‘there is only one way to teach Chinese martial arts.’ To achieve this, a cohort of Chinese physical education majors and their teacher participated in a semester-long season of Wushu taught using Sport Education (SE). Data were collected from the teacher in the form of weekly logs and interviews and students participated in small-group interviews throughout the program. Student grades were also analyzed. Student and teacher generated data were analyzed using analytic induction and constant comparison techniques. There was a high consistency among teacher’s log entries, her interviews, and comments made by students during interviews. Nevertheless, one topic that occupied significant discussion in the final interview was the teacher’s sense of professional renewal as a result of the SE project. Analysis of student interviews generated six themes, most which reflected student responses about SE (e.g., teams, competition, roles) but which also expressed a preference for the instructional climate of classes. Further, participation during the season did not compromise knowledge or skill performance of these students. Rather, SE led to higher levels of enthusiasm and engagement than in students’ previous martial arts courses.
{"title":"Using Sport Education to Teach Wushu, \u0000a Form of Chinese Martial Arts","authors":"P. Hastie, Yanhua Mo, Hairui Liu","doi":"10.47544/johsk.2021.2.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47544/johsk.2021.2.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the veracity of the commonly held notion that ‘there is only one way to teach Chinese martial arts.’ To achieve this, a cohort of Chinese physical education majors and their teacher participated in a semester-long season of Wushu taught using Sport Education (SE). Data were collected from the teacher in the form of weekly logs and interviews and students participated in small-group interviews throughout the program. Student grades were also analyzed. Student and teacher generated data were analyzed using analytic induction and constant comparison techniques. There was a high consistency among teacher’s log entries, her interviews, and comments made by students during interviews. Nevertheless, one topic that occupied significant discussion in the final interview was the teacher’s sense of professional renewal as a result of the SE project. Analysis of student interviews generated six themes, most which reflected student responses about SE (e.g., teams, competition, roles) but which also expressed a preference for the instructional climate of classes. Further, participation during the season did not compromise knowledge or skill performance of these students. Rather, SE led to higher levels of enthusiasm and engagement than in students’ previous martial arts courses.","PeriodicalId":16025,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Sports, and Kinesiology","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78741100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.47544/johsk.2021.2.4.20
Doyeop Kim, G. Koo, Minkil Kim, Stephen Shin, A. Dixon
Previous studies have indicated that young students who play sports look up to professional athletes and perceive these athletes as their role models. However, empirical studies that examine such perceptions comprehensively have not been conducted. In order to fill this gap in the literature, the current study developed a multi-dimensional scale to measure college student athletes’ attitudes toward professional athlete role models. The eight-factor sports role model scale has 40 items. The results of this study indicate that student athletes observe and emulate the eight dimensions of their sports role model’s behavior on and off the court in order to become like that role model. Such findings support social learning theory in the sport management discipline.
{"title":"Development of a Multi-Dimensional Scale to Measure Professional Athletes as Role Models","authors":"Doyeop Kim, G. Koo, Minkil Kim, Stephen Shin, A. Dixon","doi":"10.47544/johsk.2021.2.4.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47544/johsk.2021.2.4.20","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have indicated that young students who play sports look up to professional athletes and perceive these athletes as their role models. However, empirical studies that examine such perceptions comprehensively have not been conducted. In order to fill this gap in the literature, the current study developed a multi-dimensional scale to measure college student athletes’ attitudes toward professional athlete role models. The eight-factor sports role model scale has 40 items. The results of this study indicate that student athletes observe and emulate the eight dimensions of their sports role model’s behavior on and off the court in order to become like that role model. Such findings support social learning theory in the sport management discipline.","PeriodicalId":16025,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Sports, and Kinesiology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81839448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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