Journal of Infection Prevention最新文献

英文中文

Efficacy of facemasks in preventing transmission of COVID-19 in non-healthcare settings: A scoping review 口罩在非卫生保健环境中预防COVID-19传播的有效性:范围审查

Q2 Nursing

Journal of Infection Prevention

Pub Date : 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.1177/17571774231203387

Chloe Enright, Claire Gilbourne, Rachel Kiersey, Randal Parlour, Paula Flanagan, Emer McGowan, Mairin Boland, Deirdre Mulholland

Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, an abundance of literature relating to the efficacy of face masks on reducing transmission of COVID-19 in non-healthcare settings emerged. Aim/objective The aim of this scoping review was to allow the identification of: types of evidence conducted in this area; knowledge gaps and common concepts relating to mask efficacy in non-healthcare settings. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase and the Irish Management Institute bibliographic database on December 15th, 2021. All types of face masks were included. Of 722 records, 16 were included after full text screening. Findings/results Themes from an adapted model of Howard et al. framework were used to group results and identify common concepts. The grouped thematic results were then applied to the socio-ecological model. This illustrated the multifactorial elements determining the efficacy of masks themselves while also illustrating how other factors such as individual behaviours, social interactions, settings and national policy can influence the degree of the protective effect. Discussion The findings from this scoping review indicate that an abundance of experimental literature is available indicating that masks are effective at preventing COVID-19 transmission but their degree of efficacy is impacted by external factors. This review highlights that the quality of the evidence available is low.

背景在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，出现了大量有关口罩在非卫生保健环境中减少COVID-19传播功效的文献。目的/目的本次范围审查的目的是允许确定:在该领域进行的证据类型;与非卫生保健环境中口罩功效相关的知识差距和常见概念。方法于2021年12月15日在PubMed、CINAHL、MEDLINE、Embase和Irish Management Institute书目数据库中进行综合文献检索。所有类型的口罩都包括在内。在722条记录中，有16条在全文筛选后被纳入。发现/结果采用Howard等人改编的框架模型中的主题对结果进行分组并确定共同概念。然后将分组主题结果应用于社会生态模型。这说明了决定口罩本身功效的多因素因素，同时也说明了个人行为、社会互动、环境和国家政策等其他因素如何影响防护效果的程度。本次综述的结果表明，大量实验文献表明，口罩在预防新冠肺炎传播方面是有效的，但其有效性受外部因素的影响。本综述强调现有证据的质量较低。

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引用次数: 0

Diary 日记

Q2 Nursing

Journal of Infection Prevention

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1177/17571774231214663

引用次数: 0

The effectiveness of interventions to improve the seasonal influenza vaccination uptake among nurses: A systematic review. 改善护士季节性流感疫苗接种的干预措施的有效性:一项系统综述。

IF 1.2 Q2 Nursing

Journal of Infection Prevention

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1177/17571774231208115

Paula Flanagan, Maura Dowling, Duygu Sezgin, Jolita Mereckiene, Louise Murphy, Martina Giltenane, Peter Carr, Georgina Gethin

Background: Seasonal influenza is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Despite annual recommendations, influenza vaccination uptake rates are disproportionately lower among nurses compared to other health care professionals, especially when compared to physicians. Nurses have an additional risk of exposure to influenza infection due to the nature of their work.

Aim: To determine the effectiveness of interventions in increasing seasonal influenza vaccination uptake among nurses.

Methods: Evidence on the effectiveness of interventions to improve seasonal influenza vaccination uptake among nurses was systematically reviewed. A comprehensive search of six electronic databases and grey literature was undertaken. A minimum of two reviewers completed study selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment independently.

Results: One hundred and thirty-four studies were identified of which one cluster randomised trial met the inclusion criteria. The results of the included study found the implementation of an intervention with multiple components increased nurses' seasonal influenza vaccination rates during a single influenza season in geriatric healthcare settings in France. As the evidence in this review was very limited, it was not possible to make recommendations regarding which interventions were effective at increasing the seasonal influenza vaccination rate for nurses.

Conclusion: This systematic review highlights a lack of high-quality studies that assessed interventions to improve the seasonal influenza vaccination of nurses. In view of the likelihood of influenza and the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic occurring together, it is imperative to have evidence on effective interventions for the nursing workforce and for policy decision makers.

背景:季节性流感是世界范围内死亡率和发病率的重要原因。尽管有年度建议，但与其他卫生保健专业人员相比，护士的流感疫苗接种率不成比例地低，特别是与医生相比。由于护士的工作性质，他们有接触流感感染的额外风险。目的:确定提高护士季节性流感疫苗接种率的干预措施的有效性。方法:对提高护士季节性流感疫苗接种率的干预措施有效性的证据进行系统回顾。对六个电子数据库和灰色文献进行了全面检索。至少有两名审稿人独立完成研究选择、数据提取和偏倚风险评估。结果:确定了134项研究，其中1项聚类随机试验符合纳入标准。纳入的研究结果发现，在法国的老年保健机构中，实施多组分干预措施可提高护士在单一流感季节的季节性流感疫苗接种率。由于本综述的证据非常有限，因此不可能就哪些干预措施对提高护士的季节性流感疫苗接种率有效提出建议。结论:本系统综述强调缺乏高质量的研究来评估改善护士季节性流感疫苗接种的干预措施。鉴于流感和冠状病毒(COVID-19)大流行同时发生的可能性，必须为护理人员和政策制定者提供有效干预措施的证据。

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引用次数: 0

Personal protection equipment: Preliminary evidence of effectiveness from a three-phase simulation program. 个人防护装备:来自三相模拟程序的有效性初步证据。

IF 1.2 Q2 Nursing

Journal of Infection Prevention

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1177/17571774231208118

Ghazwan Altabbaa, Corrinne Pidhorney, Tanya Beran, Joseph Kim, Donna Ledgerwood, Michèle Cowan, Elizabeth Oddone Paolucci

Background: Healthcare providers carry the occupational risk of being exposed to pathogens. Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) requires proficiency whenever used. Yet, evidence shows significant errors and variation in competency when applying PPE.

Objective: In this study, we developed a three-phase intervention to promote PPE proficiency.

Methods: Education and assessment of participants' PPE knowledge and skills occurred at a large academic university in Western Canada. Participants first completed an online module; second, they experienced one-on-one coaching and deliberate practice with infection control professionals; and third, participants managed a COVID-19 clinical simulation scenario. The measured outcomes include a 15-item pre- and post-knowledge test and a pre- and post-skills assessment of donning and doffing behaviors. These behaviors were observed from video recordings and were assessed using two standardized checklists.

Results: Knowledge and donning/doffing post-test scores (11.73, 0.95, and 0.96, respectively) were significantly higher after completing all three phases of the educational intervention, p < .001.

Conclusions: An online module alone is insufficient for PPE knowledge and skill development. Rather, a module followed by practice and simulation allows learners to gain proficiency.

背景:医疗保健提供者承担暴露于病原体的职业风险。个人防护装备(PPE)要求熟练使用。然而，有证据表明，在使用个人防护装备时，存在显著的错误和能力差异。目的:在本研究中，我们开发了一种三阶段干预来提高个人防护装备的熟练程度。方法:在加拿大西部一所大型学术大学对参与者的PPE知识和技能进行教育和评估。参与者首先完成一个在线模块;其次，他们在感染控制专业人员的指导下进行了一对一的训练和刻意练习;第三，参与者管理COVID-19临床模拟场景。测量结果包括15项知识前和知识后测试，以及穿戴和脱衣行为的技能前和技能后评估。这些行为从录像中观察到，并使用两个标准化清单进行评估。结果:完成三个阶段的教育干预后，知识和穿戴后测试分数(分别为11.73、0.95和0.96)显著提高，p < 0.001。结论:对于PPE知识和技能的发展，仅通过在线模块是不够的。相反，一个模块之后的实践和模拟，使学习者获得熟练程度。

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引用次数: 0

Factors associated with better alcohol hand rub in 2020. Results from the French national audit “Pulpe’friction” 2020年酒精洗手效果更好的相关因素。法国国家审计“纸浆摩擦”结果

Q2 Nursing

Journal of Infection Prevention

Pub Date : 2023-10-22 DOI: 10.1177/17571774231208305

Mathilde Ranger, Catherine Dumartin, Raymond Nasso, Muriel Péfau, Pierre Parneix, Anne-Gaëlle Venier

Background The application of alcohol-based hand rub on hands (ABHR) can prevent the transmission of microorganisms. But, in some situations the practices remain perfectible. Aim The aim of this study was to assess the self-reported ABHR practices of healthcare workers (HCWs) and to identify the factors associated with better ABHR compliance. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using the French national “Pulpe'friction” audit, from 1st January 2020 to 31st December 2020, in healthcare facilities and social welfare facilities in France. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression models. Results Of the 6769 HCWs, the average ABHR compliance was 75% “before patient contact,” 95% “before an invasive technique,” 86% “after patient contact,” and 79% “after contact with patient surroundings.” The main reported barriers were the availability, the discomfort and the harmfulness of the product. The factors significantly associated with a better compliance were the individual importance given to hand hygiene (HH); working in a healthcare facility, except in the situation “before an invasive technique”; medical profession “after patient contact”; paramedical profession “after contact with patient surroundings.” Discussion These results call for national actions to fight the most reported barriers and raise awareness on the importance of HH, especially before touching the patient.

背景使用含酒精的免洗洗手液(ABHR)可以防止微生物的传播。但是，在某些情况下，这些做法仍然是可以完善的。目的本研究的目的是评估卫生保健工作者(HCWs)自我报告的ABHR实践，并确定与更好的ABHR依从性相关的因素。方法采用法国国家“纸浆摩擦”审计，于2020年1月1日至2020年12月31日在法国的医疗保健设施和社会福利设施进行横断面研究。数据分析采用描述性统计和多元逻辑回归模型。结果6769名卫生保健工作者的平均ABHR依从性为“接触患者前”75%，“侵入性技术前”95%，“接触患者后”86%，“接触患者环境后”79%。报告的主要障碍是产品的可获得性、不适和有害。与更好的依从性显著相关的因素是手部卫生的个人重要性(HH);在医疗机构工作，但“侵入性技术实施前”的情况除外;医疗专业“在病人接触后”;医护人员在与病人接触后这些结果呼吁各国采取行动，消除报告最多的障碍，并提高对HH重要性的认识，特别是在接触患者之前。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating hepatitis C screening among people receiving opioid agonist treatment: A retrospective audit study 调查丙型肝炎筛查人群接受阿片类激动剂治疗:回顾性审计研究

Q2 Nursing

Journal of Infection Prevention

Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1177/17571774231208317

Frank Cordaro, Siyu Qian, Barbara Sinclair

Background Estimates of the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) amongst people who inject drugs are in the range of 50%. Opioid Agonist Treatment (OAT) clinics have a large proportion of people who inject drugs. These clinics, therefore, present an excellent opportunity to identify and treat patients with HCV. Despite this, it remains unclear as to how well these clinics screen patients for HCV. Aim This study aims to quantify the rate of HCV screening of patients that enrolled into treatment at an OAT clinic attached to a large teaching hospital in NSW. Methods A retrospective audit of the electronic medical record of patients commencing OAT at the clinic was performed to determine the rate of HCV screening. Findings During the audit period, there were 99 episodes of care that involved the commencement of OAT at the clinic, for patients who had a history of injecting drugs. Successful screening for HCV occurred in 56% (55/99) of these episodes. Of those screened, 26% were ribonucleic acid positive. Analysis of demographics did not reveal a statistically significant difference between those that were screened and those that were not. Discussion This study revealed a suboptimal rate of HCV screening at the OAT clinic. To improve the screening rate, the clinic could consider providing dried blood spot testing at the initial nurse assessment or having a clinician capable of venepuncture at the clinic.

背景:估计注射吸毒者中丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的流行率为50%。阿片类激动剂治疗(OAT)诊所有很大比例的人注射毒品。因此，这些诊所提供了识别和治疗丙型肝炎患者的绝佳机会。尽管如此，目前尚不清楚这些诊所对HCV患者的筛查效果如何。目的本研究旨在量化在新南威尔士州一家大型教学医院附属的OAT诊所接受治疗的患者的HCV筛查率。方法回顾性审查门诊开始进行OAT的患者的电子病历，以确定HCV筛查率。在审计期间，该诊所有99例有注射毒品史的患者进行了OAT治疗。成功筛查HCV的发生率为56%(55/99)。在这些筛查中，26%的人核糖核酸呈阳性。人口统计学分析并没有显示在那些被筛选者和那些没有被筛选者之间有统计学上的显著差异。本研究揭示了OAT诊所HCV筛查的次优率。为提高筛查率，诊所可考虑在初始护士评估时提供干血斑点检测，或在诊所配备一名能够进行静脉穿刺的临床医生。

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引用次数: 0

Discontinuation of contact precautions in patients with hospital-acquired MRSA and VRE infections during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multi-center experience COVID-19大流行期间医院获得性MRSA和VRE感染患者停止接触预防措施:一项多中心经验

Q2 Nursing

Journal of Infection Prevention

Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1177/17571774231208312

Gillean Kelly, Marisa Hudson, Bridget Apple, Debora Bundage, Bradley Lembcke, Todd Lasco, Mayar Al Mohajer

Variations in the literature support the benefit of contact precautions for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) infections in the hospital setting. During personal protective equipment shortages throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, contact precautions were discontinued for MRSA and VRE-infected patients. Rates of hospital-acquired MRSA and VRE infections were compared before and after this intervention, along with hand hygiene proportions. Contact precaution discontinuation did not lead to an increase in hospital-acquired MRSA or VRE infections.

文献的差异支持在医院环境中对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐万古霉素肠球菌(VRE)感染进行接触预防的益处。在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，在个人防护装备短缺期间，停止了对MRSA和vre感染患者的接触预防措施。比较干预前后医院获得性MRSA和VRE感染率，以及手卫生比例。停止接触预防并未导致医院获得性MRSA或VRE感染的增加。

引用次数: 0

The relationship between the perceived risk of infection at the workplace and quality of work life (QoWL): Healthcare workers’ perspectives 工作场所感知感染风险与工作生活质量(QoWL)之间的关系:卫生保健工作者的观点

Q2 Nursing

Journal of Infection Prevention

Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1177/17571774231207769

Main Naser Alolayyan, Mohammad Alyahya, Salam Momani

Background One of today’s most significant organizational priorities, including healthcare organizations, is to improve the quality of work-life (QoWL), which leads to offering high-quality services to patients. Aim The study aimed to explore the effect of the perceived risk of infection and its impact on the quality of work-life (QoWL) on HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 484 healthcare workers. Respondents were recruited using convenience sampling methods. Results : The study findings revealed a better QoWL with a decreased perceived risk of COVID-19 infection. Conclusion Increasing the quality of work life will be reflected in adherence to health protocols, which creates a work environment capable of dealing with challenges, including the risk of infection such as COVID-19.

当今最重要的组织优先事项之一，包括医疗保健组织，是提高工作生活质量(QoWL)，从而为患者提供高质量的服务。目的探讨新冠肺炎大流行期间医护人员感知感染风险及其对工作生活质量的影响。方法对484名医护人员进行横断面调查。调查对象采用方便抽样方法。结果:研究结果显示，QoWL更好，感染COVID-19的感知风险降低。提高工作生活质量将体现在遵守健康协议上，这将创造一个能够应对挑战的工作环境，包括COVID-19等感染风险。

引用次数: 0

Competency assessment tools for infection preventionists: A scoping review 感染预防学家的能力评估工具:范围审查

Q2 Nursing

Journal of Infection Prevention

Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1177/17571774231203388

Adriana M da Silva Felix, Erica G Pereira, Maria Clara Padoveze

Background Infection prevention competencies are critical for successful job performance, career progression and robust performance of infection prevention and control programs. Aim/objective Identify competency assessment tools available to infection preventionists and describe their characteristics, validation processes and reliability. Methods A scoping review was conducted on five databases and grey literature from 1999 to 2022. A descriptive synthesis approach was undertaken to analyse the data. Finding/results Seven tools that meet the inclusion criteria were identified. Of those, one tool was reviewed twice. All tools were developed in the United Kingdom, Canada, China and the United States, and were published between 2009 and 2022. All tools use a rating scale; and the most used method to assess competencies was self-assessment. Levels of competency were cited by five tools. Two tools provided information on validation methods and reliability tests for internal consistency. Discussion Few competency assessment tools are available in the literature, and there is a lack of information on their development process. A global effort to develop an assessment tool that allows comparison across countries and cultures can be a step forward to propel infection preventionists’ careers and enhance the efficacy of Infection Prevention and Control Programs.

背景:感染预防能力对于成功的工作表现、职业发展和感染预防和控制项目的稳健绩效至关重要。目的/目的确定感染预防学家可用的能力评估工具，并描述其特征、验证过程和可靠性。方法对1999 ~ 2022年的5个数据库和灰色文献进行范围综述。采用了描述性综合方法来分析数据。发现/结果确定了七个符合纳入标准的工具。其中一个工具被审查了两次。所有工具都是在英国、加拿大、中国和美国开发的，并在2009年至2022年间发布。所有工具都使用评分量表;最常用的能力评估方法是自我评估。能力水平被五个工具引用。两个工具提供了关于内部一致性的验证方法和可靠性测试的信息。在文献中很少有能力评估工具可用，并且缺乏关于其开发过程的信息。在全球范围内努力开发一种评估工具，使其能够在不同国家和文化之间进行比较，这是向前迈出的一步，可以推动感染预防学家的职业发展，提高感染预防和控制规划的效力。

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引用次数: 0

Survey of disinfection of gloved hands in Germany in 2016 and 2022: Change of attitude but persistent problems with glove use 2016年和2022年德国戴手套手消毒情况调查:态度改变但戴手套问题持续存在

Q2 Nursing

Journal of Infection Prevention

Pub Date : 2023-09-19 DOI: 10.1177/17571774231203389

Sebastian Schulz-Stübner, Katharina Nopper

引用次数: 0

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