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Sunny, hot and humid nesting locations with diverse vegetation benefit Osmia bees nearby almond orchards in a mediterranean area 阳光充足、炎热潮湿、植被多样的筑巢地点有利于地中海地区杏仁果园附近的奥斯米亚蜜蜂
3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10841-023-00523-6
Carlo Polidori, Sara Rodrigo-Gómez, Federico Ronchetti, Andrea Ferrari, Jesús Selfa, Diego Gil-Tapetado
Abstract Wild bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) play an important role as pollinators of many crops and managed populations of Osmia spp. (Megachilidae), through the installation of trap-nests, proved to be efficient in several fruit orchards. In order to optimize the trap-nest protocols, it is necessary to understand which environmental factors play a major role in the reproductive success of these bees. Here, we studied how climate, land use and vegetation affect nest occupation rate (OR, i.e. total number of colonized tunnels/total number of tunnels in the trap-nest), brood productivity (BP, i.e. total number of brood cells built in a completed nest tunnel) and parasitism rate (PR, i.e. total number of parasitized brood cells/BP) in Osmia bees nearby almond orchards in South-East Spain, a largely understudied Mediterranean area. We found that the summer solar radiation positively influenced all three parameters, while spring solar radiation positively affected OR and BP, and negatively PR. Higher abundance of pastures and forests compared with crops increased OR, though not BP, and reduced PR. Vegetation evenness and diversity of dominant plant species also positively affected OR and BP, while they were unimportant for PR. OR was not affected by climate, but BP increased with maximum temperature in the warmest month and decreased with temperature annual range. PR also increased with high temperature, as well as with precipitation. Arid conditions limited OR and BP and boosted parasitism. Overall, it seems that Osmia bees nearby almond field in this area would benefit from trap-nest installation in well solar-radiated, hot and humid sites with a diverse vegetation. Since we have also found a negative association between PR and BP in nests with at least one parasitized cell, environmental conditions which improve productivity will also likely reduce parasitism in these bees. Implications for insect conservation Optimization of trap-nesting protocols for maintaining abundant Osmia populations is crucial to an effective use of these bees as managed pollinators. In our study we suggest that trap-nests locations should be chosen also taking into account a number of local climatic and habitat factors, given their importance in affecting key traits of reproductive success in these solitary bees.
摘要野生蜜蜂(膜翅目:野蜂总科)在许多作物和大蜂科(Osmia spp.)管理种群中发挥着重要的传粉作用,通过设置陷阱巢在一些果园中被证明是有效的。为了优化陷阱-巢方案,有必要了解哪些环境因素在这些蜜蜂的繁殖成功中起主要作用。本文研究了气候、土地利用和植被如何影响西班牙东南部地中海地区杏树园附近的奥斯米蜂的占巢率(OR,即蚁巢总数/陷阱巢中隧道总数)、育蜂生产力(BP,即在一个完整的巢隧道中建造的育蜂细胞总数)和寄生率(PR,即被寄生的育蜂细胞总数/BP)。结果表明,夏季太阳辐射对OR和BP均有显著正影响,而春季太阳辐射对OR和BP均有显著正影响,而对PR均有显著负影响。牧草和森林丰度高于作物增加了OR,但对BP没有显著影响,而对PR有显著降低。在最暖月份,BP随最高气温升高而升高,随年温差升高而降低。PR也随着高温和降水的增加而增加。干旱条件限制了OR和BP,促进了寄生。总的来说,在这个地区杏仁田附近的奥斯米亚蜜蜂似乎会受益于在太阳辐射良好、湿热、植被多样的地方安装陷阱巢。由于我们还发现至少有一个寄生细胞的巢中PR和BP之间存在负相关,因此提高生产力的环境条件也可能减少这些蜜蜂的寄生。昆虫保护的意义优化陷阱筑巢方案,以保持丰富的奥斯米亚种群是至关重要的有效利用这些蜜蜂作为管理传粉媒介。在我们的研究中,我们建议选择陷阱巢的位置也应该考虑到一些当地的气候和栖息地因素,因为它们对这些独居蜜蜂繁殖成功的关键特征有重要影响。
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引用次数: 0
Warming experiments test the temperature sensitivity of an endangered butterfly across life history stages 变暖实验测试了一种濒危蝴蝶在整个生命历史阶段的温度敏感性
3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10841-023-00518-3
Lainey V. Bristow, Ralph Grundel, Jason D. K. Dzurisin, Grace C. Wu, Yudi Li, Andrew Hildreth, Jessica J. Hellmann
Abstract The Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) (hereafter Karner blue) is a federally listed endangered species occurring in disjunct locations within the Midwest and Eastern United States. As a hostplant specialist and an ectotherm, the Karner blue is likely to be susceptible to effects of climate change. We undertook warming experiments to explore the temperature sensitivity of various Karner blue life history stages and traits. Over a two-year period, we exposed all Karner blue life stages to temperature increases of + 2, + 4, and + 6 °C above 1952–1999 mean temperatures. We analyzed the effect of these treatments on life history parameters likely related to fitness and population size, including development time, voltinism, degree-day accumulation, body weight, and morphology. Warming treatments resulted in earlier emergence and accelerated development, leading to additional generations. Warming also increased the number of degree-days accumulated during pre-adult development (i.e., egg hatch to eclosion). Results suggest that Karner blues developed in fewer days, in part, by putting on less mass as temperatures increased. As treatment temperature increased, adult body mass, length, and area decreased and voltinism increased. Females with lower adult mass and smaller body size produced fewer eggs. These results suggest a trade-off between accelerated development and decreased body size with decrease in adult mass and abdominal area being associated with reduced fecundity. Implications for insect conservation Changes in development timing and in voltinism can negatively affect phenological matching between the Karner blue and its obligate host plant, Wild lupine (Lupinus perennis), resulting in population decrease. Poorer phenological matching between insect and hostplant can occur across multiple generations, for example, negatively affecting overwintering population size. With increasing temperatures, smaller females will produce fewer eggs, which can also lead to poorer population outcomes across generations.
卡纳蓝蝴蝶(Lycaeides melissa samuelis)(以下简称卡纳蓝)是一种联邦濒危物种,分布在美国中西部和东部的分离地点。作为寄主植物专家和变温动物,卡纳蓝很可能容易受到气候变化的影响。我们进行了增温实验,探讨了卡纳蓝不同生活史阶段和性状的温度敏感性。在两年的时间里,我们将所有卡内尔蓝的生命阶段暴露在比1952-1999年平均温度升高+ 2、+ 4和+ 6°C的环境中。我们分析了这些处理对生活史参数的影响,这些参数可能与适应度和种群大小有关,包括发育时间、voltinism、日数积累、体重和形态。暖化处理导致了更早的出现和加速的发展,导致了更多的世代。变暖还增加了成虫前发育(即卵孵化至羽化)期间积累的度日数。结果表明,卡内尔蓝在更短的时间内形成,部分原因是随着温度的升高,质量减少。随着处理温度的升高,成虫体质量、体长和面积减小,毒力增加。成虫质量低、体型小的雌虫产卵量少。这些结果表明,在加速发育和缩小体型之间存在一种权衡关系,成年体重和腹部面积的减少与繁殖力的降低有关。发育时间和voltinism的变化会影响Karner blue与其专性寄主野生羽扇豆(Lupinus perennis)的物候匹配,导致种群减少。例如,昆虫和寄主植物之间较差的物候匹配可能发生在多代之间,从而对越冬种群规模产生负面影响。随着气温的升高,体型较小的雌性会产生更少的卵子,这也会导致后代的种群数量下降。
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引用次数: 0
What’s in the bee nest holes? A single aggregation of Megachile parietina reveals and helps to fill up Eltonian shortfalls 蜂窝洞里有什么?Megachile parietina的单一集合揭示并帮助填补了埃尔顿理论的不足
3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-14 DOI: 10.1007/s10841-023-00519-2
Elisa Monterastelli, Alfonso Orlotti, Giulia Calderai, Chiara Natali, Marta Mariotti Lippi, Claudio Ciofi, Alessandro Cini, Leonardo Dapporto, Marino Quaranta, Francesca Romana Dani
Abstract Megachile (Chalicodoma) parietina (Geoffroy, 1785) is a Palearctic solitary bee included in the Red List of some central European Countries. Females build durable nests, reused year after year, by mixing soil with a salivary secretion. Like for most solitary bees, the resources contained within M. parietina nests attract several other insects which exploit pollen supplies or feed on the immature brood. These associated insects have mainly been studied for mantained bees and considered for their effect on the host reproductive success. A very large nesting aggregation of M. parietina in Central Tuscany has been studied for three consecutive years. We have identified 32 associated insect species, which certainly are an underestimate of the species present. Among the identified species, only eight had been previously reported for M. parietina . All the species were classified both according to the specificity for the host taxon ( Chalicodoma , Megachilidae, Anthophila, Hymenoptera, Others) and to the ecological relationship (cleptoparasites, parasitoids, predators of larvae, food commensal, scavengers, and occasional nest users). This highlighted both the richness of the ecological network within the nesting aggregation and the value of studying these nesting sites to fill Eltonian shortfalls, i.e. the deficiency in ecology knowledge, of bees and their associated fauna. Implications for insect conservation. We suggest that, besides their role in pollination, large and stable bee nesting sites increase the local insect biodiversity, and that attention should be paid to their conservation within actions aimed to support populations of wild pollinators.
摘要巨蜂(Megachile (Chalicodoma) parietina (Geoffroy, 1785)是一种被列入一些中欧国家红色名录的古北独居蜜蜂。雌性通过混合土壤和唾液分泌物来建造耐用的巢穴,年复一年地重复使用。像大多数独居蜜蜂一样,巢中所含的资源吸引了其他一些昆虫,它们利用花粉供应或以未成熟的幼虫为食。这些相关昆虫主要是针对养蜂进行的研究,并考虑到它们对寄主繁殖成功的影响。连续三年研究了托斯卡纳中部一个非常大的parietina巢群。我们已经确定了32种相关的昆虫,这肯定是低估了现有的物种。在已鉴定的物种中,仅有8种是以前报道过的。根据寄主分类的特异性(Chalicodoma, Megachilidae, Anthophila,膜翅目,Others)和生态关系(寄生蜂、拟寄生蜂、幼虫捕食者、食物共生者、食腐者和偶食巢者)对所有物种进行分类。这突出了巢群内生态网络的丰富性,以及研究这些筑巢地点以填补埃尔顿理论的不足,即蜜蜂及其相关动物群的生态学知识不足的价值。对昆虫保护的启示。我们认为,除了在传粉方面的作用外,大型和稳定的蜜蜂筑巢地增加了当地昆虫的生物多样性,应在支持野生传粉昆虫种群的行动中注意保护它们。
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引用次数: 1
The potential for elevated soil salinity to enhance the ecological trap effect of roadside pollinator habitat 土壤盐度升高对路边传粉昆虫生境生态诱捕效果的影响
3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10841-023-00526-3
David H. Lovett, David E. Carr
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引用次数: 0
H. Staude, M. Picker and C. Griffiths: Southern African Moths and their caterpillars H. Staude, M. Picker和C. Griffiths:南部非洲飞蛾和它们的毛虫
3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1007/s10841-023-00521-8
James S. Pryke
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引用次数: 0
Indigenous forest edges increase habitat complexity and refuge opportunities for grassland butterflies 原生森林边缘增加了草原蝴蝶栖息地的复杂性和避难机会
3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10841-023-00520-9
René Gaigher, James S. Pryke, Michael J. Samways
Abstract Heterogeneity at local and landscape scales can promote insect diversity and moderate insect declines that stem from global change. Determining how species respond to different landscape components provides insight into the role of heterogeneity in landscapes undergoing change. We examine how indigenous forest-grassland edges are used by butterflies. We assessed butterfly diversity and behaviour at forest edges and adjoining grassland, and tested whether these patterns are influenced by differing weather conditions between seasons. Forest edges supported a species rich butterfly assemblage. Forest specialists were more diverse at forest edges than in grassland, whereas grassland specialists and habitat generalists were as diverse at forest edges as in grassland. All butterfly groups showed more inter- and intra-specific interactions and more patrolling behaviour at forest edges, but more feeding and transient behaviour in grassland. Occurrence and behavioural patterns were not mediated by season, suggesting that the influence of forests does not change with varying environmental conditions. Nonetheless, certain species preferentially utilized forest edges in the hot and windy season, indicating that shelter provided by forest edges influences butterfly habitat use. We found no evidence that complementary nectar sources influence butterfly distribution patterns. Implications for insect conservation : The diverse butterfly assemblages and range of behaviours supported by indigenous forest edges indicate that forest patches are an important habitat component for butterflies. Conserving forest patches in these coastal grasslands may help buffer butterfly populations against global change.
局部和景观尺度上的异质性可以促进昆虫多样性,缓解全球变化导致的昆虫数量减少。确定物种如何对不同的景观成分做出反应,有助于深入了解异质性在景观变化中的作用。我们研究了蝴蝶是如何利用原生森林-草地边缘的。我们评估了森林边缘和毗邻草原的蝴蝶多样性和行为,并测试了这些模式是否受到季节之间不同天气条件的影响。森林边缘支持种类丰富的蝴蝶群落。森林专家在森林边缘的多样性高于草地,而草地专家和生境通才在森林边缘的多样性与草地相同。所有蝴蝶类群表现出更多的种间和种内相互作用,在森林边缘表现出更多的巡逻行为,而在草地表现出更多的摄食和短暂行为。发生和行为模式不受季节的影响,这表明森林的影响不会随着环境条件的变化而改变。然而,某些物种在炎热多风的季节更倾向于利用森林边缘,这表明森林边缘提供的庇护影响了蝴蝶对栖息地的利用。我们没有发现互补花蜜来源影响蝴蝶分布模式的证据。对昆虫保护的启示:原生森林边缘支持的蝴蝶的多样性组合和行为范围表明,森林斑块是蝴蝶栖息地的重要组成部分。保护这些沿海草原的森林斑块可能有助于缓冲蝴蝶种群对全球变化的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of environmental factors and ecological integrity on semiaquatic bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Gerromorpha) diversity in Cerrado streams 环境因子和生态完整性对塞拉多河流半水生昆虫(半翅目:异翅目:Gerromorpha)多样性的影响
3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1007/s10841-023-00514-7
Cleilton Lima Franco, Erlane José Cunha, Carlos Augusto Silva de Azevêdo, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo Moreira
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引用次数: 0
Microhabitat requirements of the uncompahgre fritillary butterfly (Boloria improba acrocnema) and climate change implications 贝母蝴蝶微生境需求及气候变化影响
3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1007/s10841-023-00513-8
Andrea N. Williams, Kevin D. Alexander
Abstract The Uncompahgre fritillary butterfly ( Boloria improba acrocnema Gall LF, Sperling FAH (1980) A new high altitude species of Boloria from southwestern Colorado (Nyphalidae), with a discussion of phenetics and hierarchical decisions. J Lepidopterists’ Soc 34:230–252 1980) was listed as federally endangered in 1991 and is considered a habitat indicator for alpine ecosystem health. They are found on patches of Salix nivalis in isolated habitats of the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, USA. Here, we estimated historical B. i. acrocnema abundance from annual distance sampling (2003–2020) at seven sub-colonies and sampled current (July 2021) measurements of herbaceous coverage, soil moisture content, and slope, aspect, and elevation at 700 sample sites. We used regression models to test the effects of these microhabitat characteristics on historical abundance. Our results show that increases in slope from 11° to 31°, individual coverage of five alpine plant species ( S. nivalis , Geum rossii , Phacelia sericea , Noccaea fendleri , and Lewisia pygmaea ), and soil moisture content between 0.09 m 3 /m 3 and 0.38 m 3 /m 3 positively influence butterfly abundance. However, increases in elevation, bare ground coverage, and presence of Salix planifolia , Aster alpinus , Antennaria media , and Androsace chamaejasme were correlated with lower abundance estimates. Implications for insect conservation Effects of climate change which decrease coverage of these alpine plant species, allow encroachment of lower elevation species, or reduce soil moisture will decrease B. i. acrocnema abundance. These results emphasize the extinction risk of B. i. acrocnema due to range limitations and prolonged drought conditions in the Western U.S. By defining additional resource requirements of B. i. acrocnema , we can model climate effects on survivorship and consider nearby microhabitats that may be habitable by this endangered species.
Uncompahgre贝母蝶(Boloria improba acrocnema Gall LF, Sperling FAH, 1980)美国科罗拉多州西南部高海拔贝母蝶新种(蛱蝶科)。鳞翅目昆虫(J Lepidopterists ' Soc 34:23 - 252 1980)于1991年被列为联邦濒危物种,被认为是高山生态系统健康的栖息地指标。它们是在美国科罗拉多州圣胡安山脉孤立栖息地的小块柳上发现的。在这里,我们通过对7个亚群落(2003-2020年)的年度距离取样,以及对700个样点的草本盖度、土壤含水量、坡度、坡向和海拔的取样现状(2021年7月)测量,估算了历史上的粗粗粗尖孢杆菌丰度。我们使用回归模型来测试这些微生境特征对历史丰度的影响。结果表明,坡度从11°增加到31°,5种高山植物(S. nivalis、Geum rossii、Phacelia sericea、Noccaea fendleri和Lewisia pygmaea)的覆盖度增加,土壤含水量在0.09 ~ 0.38 m 3 /m 3之间,对蝴蝶丰度有正向影响。然而,海拔、光秃秃的地面覆盖度的增加以及planifolia Salix、Aster alpinus、Antennaria media和Androsace chamaejasme的存在与较低的丰度估计相关。气候变化导致高寒植物盖度下降、低海拔植物入侵或土壤湿度降低,从而导致大针叶虫丰度下降。这些结果强调了由于美国西部地区的范围限制和长期干旱条件,红腹大蠊的灭绝风险。通过定义红腹大蠊的额外资源需求,我们可以模拟气候对生存的影响,并考虑附近可能适合这种濒危物种居住的微栖息地。
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引用次数: 0
Beta diversity and microhabitat use of ant assemblages in a white-sand vegetation gradient in central Amazonia 亚马逊中部白沙植被梯度中蚂蚁群落的β多样性和微生境利用
3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.1007/s10841-023-00517-4
Amanda Batista da Silva de Oliveira, Sérgio Henrique Borges, Alessander Turibio Paes, Rafaela Caroline dos Santos Pereira, Ramiro Dário Melinski, Albertina Pimentel Lima, William E. Magnusson, Fabricio Beggiato Baccaro
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引用次数: 0
Can microhabitat preferences of ground-dwelling insects be a good indicator for terrestrial ecosystem recovery after an oil spill? 地面昆虫对微生境的偏好是否可以作为溢油后陆地生态系统恢复的良好指标?
3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1007/s10841-023-00511-w
Nitzan Segev, Elli Groner, Amos Bouskila, Oded Berger-Tal
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Insect Conservation
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