Pub Date : 2010-05-01DOI: 10.1587/TRANSCOM.E93.B.1248
S. Yamaguchi, H. Miyashita, Toru Takahashi, M. Otsuka, Y. Konishi
Owing to their ultra-wideband characteristics, tapered slot antennas (TSAs) are used as element antennas in wideband phased arrays. However, when the size of a TSA is reduced in order to prevent the generation of a grating lobe during wide-angle beam scanning, the original ultra-wideband characteristics are degraded because of increased reflections from the ends of the tapered slot aperture. To overcome this difficulty, we propose a new antenna structure in which parallel-plate waveguides are added to the TSA. The advantage of this new structure is that the reflection characteristics of individual antenna elements are not degraded even if the width of the antenna aperture is very small, i.e., approximately one-half the wavelength of the highest operating frequency. In this study, we propose a procedure for designing the new antenna through numerical simulations by using the FDTD method. In addition, we verify the performance of the antenna array by experiments.
{"title":"Ultra-Wideband Tapered Slot Antenna Array with Parallel Plate Waveguides","authors":"S. Yamaguchi, H. Miyashita, Toru Takahashi, M. Otsuka, Y. Konishi","doi":"10.1587/TRANSCOM.E93.B.1248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1587/TRANSCOM.E93.B.1248","url":null,"abstract":"Owing to their ultra-wideband characteristics, tapered slot antennas (TSAs) are used as element antennas in wideband phased arrays. However, when the size of a TSA is reduced in order to prevent the generation of a grating lobe during wide-angle beam scanning, the original ultra-wideband characteristics are degraded because of increased reflections from the ends of the tapered slot aperture. To overcome this difficulty, we propose a new antenna structure in which parallel-plate waveguides are added to the TSA. The advantage of this new structure is that the reflection characteristics of individual antenna elements are not degraded even if the width of the antenna aperture is very small, i.e., approximately one-half the wavelength of the highest operating frequency. In this study, we propose a procedure for designing the new antenna through numerical simulations by using the FDTD method. In addition, we verify the performance of the antenna array by experiments.","PeriodicalId":162557,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology Small Antennas and Novel Metamaterials, 2006.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128932741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-03-06DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2006.1609051
Y. Qi, R. Hoshyar, R. Tafazolli
We investigate the capacity of Intelligent Quadrifiliar Helix Antenna (IQHA) based Multiple-input- multiple-output (MIMO) communication system. We will show that IQHA based MIMO system is able to offer larger capacity compared with MIMO system without using IQHA. And at the same time, it can reduce the number of RF chains following the antenna, thus reducing the total cost. Two sub-optimal algorithms are proposed to adjust the weights of IQHA to maximize the capacity.
{"title":"Capacity of Intelligent Quadrifiliar Helix Antenna (IQHA) Based MIMO System","authors":"Y. Qi, R. Hoshyar, R. Tafazolli","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2006.1609051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2006.1609051","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the capacity of Intelligent Quadrifiliar Helix Antenna (IQHA) based Multiple-input- multiple-output (MIMO) communication system. We will show that IQHA based MIMO system is able to offer larger capacity compared with MIMO system without using IQHA. And at the same time, it can reduce the number of RF chains following the antenna, thus reducing the total cost. Two sub-optimal algorithms are proposed to adjust the weights of IQHA to maximize the capacity.","PeriodicalId":162557,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology Small Antennas and Novel Metamaterials, 2006.","volume":"71 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120840595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-03-06DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2006.1609056
Guofeng Lu, P. Spasojevic, L. Greenstein
We demonstrated that the ultra-wideband (UWB) waveforms may not only have different amplitudes for different directions but also different waveform shapes for both transmit and receive antennas. When designing the receive filter response, these direction-dependent antenna impulse responses need to be considered. Taking account of the relative orientations of both transmit and receive antennas, a metric that maximizes the average received signal to noise ratio is defined. To make the maximization problem mathematically tractable, one upper-bound of the metric is chosen to for applying variational calculus. The solution is a linear combination of all incoming waveforms weighted by their relative probability of occurence. For practical purpose, a best-candidate solution is also obtained through numerical search. The results are illustrated for the diamond antenna, which is a potential UWB antenna. The search process also reveals that a large percentage of the candidate waveforms can provide close performance to the linear combination solution, while some candidates provide poor performances and should therefore be avoided in practice.
{"title":"Receive Response Design Compensating Direction-Dependent Impulse Responses of UWB Antennas","authors":"Guofeng Lu, P. Spasojevic, L. Greenstein","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2006.1609056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2006.1609056","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrated that the ultra-wideband (UWB) waveforms may not only have different amplitudes for different directions but also different waveform shapes for both transmit and receive antennas. When designing the receive filter response, these direction-dependent antenna impulse responses need to be considered. Taking account of the relative orientations of both transmit and receive antennas, a metric that maximizes the average received signal to noise ratio is defined. To make the maximization problem mathematically tractable, one upper-bound of the metric is chosen to for applying variational calculus. The solution is a linear combination of all incoming waveforms weighted by their relative probability of occurence. For practical purpose, a best-candidate solution is also obtained through numerical search. The results are illustrated for the diamond antenna, which is a potential UWB antenna. The search process also reveals that a large percentage of the candidate waveforms can provide close performance to the linear combination solution, while some candidates provide poor performances and should therefore be avoided in practice.","PeriodicalId":162557,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology Small Antennas and Novel Metamaterials, 2006.","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126071829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-03-06DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2006.1609027
S. Fujio
Abstract A planar inverted-F antenna(PIFA) is popular for the use of wireless communication for small mobile devices and several investigations have been carried out. Whereas, effect of a flat metal plate ground of a metal stamped type of inverted-F antenna is not well known. In this paper, results of the detailed parametric antenna characteristics analysis on the effect of ground size are presented. For the analysis, a MoM simulator has been used and resonant frequency, VSWR, and average gain have been calculated as the antenna performance. The result shows that the ideally large size of ground metal plate is not necessarily ideal for the antenna performance. Although the result shown in this paper is for a specific size of antenna, they are very useful for the actual small size inverted-F antenna design. Based on this kind of parametric analysis shown in this paper, suitable size of the ground plate can be chosen for each application.
{"title":"Effect of Ground Size on Plate Inverted-F Antenna","authors":"S. Fujio","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2006.1609027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2006.1609027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A planar inverted-F antenna(PIFA) is popular for the use of wireless communication for small mobile devices and several investigations have been carried out. Whereas, effect of a flat metal plate ground of a metal stamped type of inverted-F antenna is not well known. In this paper, results of the detailed parametric antenna characteristics analysis on the effect of ground size are presented. For the analysis, a MoM simulator has been used and resonant frequency, VSWR, and average gain have been calculated as the antenna performance. The result shows that the ideally large size of ground metal plate is not necessarily ideal for the antenna performance. Although the result shown in this paper is for a specific size of antenna, they are very useful for the actual small size inverted-F antenna design. Based on this kind of parametric analysis shown in this paper, suitable size of the ground plate can be chosen for each application.","PeriodicalId":162557,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology Small Antennas and Novel Metamaterials, 2006.","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125554521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-03-06DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2006.1609004
C. Christodoulou, D. Anagnostou, V. Zachou
In this work, several reconfigurable antennas are presented and discussed. The antennas to be presented cover a wide range of designs such as fractal antennas, triangular antennas, dipoles and monopoles with variable sleeves. All these antennas make use of MEMS switches, to make them reconfigurable. Some of the challenges that the designer has to face in biasing and integrating these switches with the antenna has are also presented and discussed. . INTRODUCTION The requirements for increased functionality, such as direction finding, radar, control and command, within a confined volume, place a greater burden in today’s transmitting and receiving systems. A solution to this problem is the re-configurable antenna [1-3]. Antennas that can be used for multiple purposes, that function over several frequency bands and that can be integrated on a package for mass-production are the ultimate goals of commercial and defense investigators. Furthermore, applications of such systems in personal and satellite communications impose the requirement for elements miniaturized in size and weight. Key-elements to obtain reconfigurability in many RF circuits are the Radio-Frequency MicroElectroMechanical Systems (RF-MEMS). Even though RF-MEMS have been used in the past to reconfigure filters, phase-shifters, capacitors and inductors, their integration in an antenna system has been limited as it faces a plethora of issues that need to be resolved. The absence of a reconfigurable RF-MEMS antenna system and the recent advances in fractal and especially Sierpinski gasketantennas combined with the availability of series cantilever RFMEMS switches, sparked the pioneering idea to design a multiple-frequency antenna that will radiate on-demand the same radiation pattern at various frequencies. Such a system was designed and successfully implemented, as the first functional, fully integrated RF-MEMS reconfigurable self-similar antenna. In this presentation we will illustrate how the use of RF MEMS switches can to enhance the frequency performance of several antennas. II. EXAMPLES OF RECONFIGURABLE ANTENNA DESIGNS 1) A Simple Dipole: First, we work on a simple dipole antenna, shown in Figure 1. It can be used as an example to illustrate the application of RF-MEMS switches in a reconfigurable antenna design. Since other planar antennas, such as the bowtie, have a broader bandwidth than a planar dipole, this theoretical model may also be used to determine a ‘maximum number of switches’ to be used in order to achieve the desired reconfigurability. The goal is set to design a reconfigurable dipole antenna that can operate on demand at any frequency in the X-band. In this application the bandwidth of the planar dipole is approximately 8.5%. The arms of the dipole are connected with RF-MEMS switches to additional patches. The basic function of the switches is to conductively couple the additional metallic patches thus extending on-demand each arm’s length. When the switches are ‘of
{"title":"Lead Invited Talk: Reconfigurable Multifunctional Antennas","authors":"C. Christodoulou, D. Anagnostou, V. Zachou","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2006.1609004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2006.1609004","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, several reconfigurable antennas are presented and discussed. The antennas to be presented cover a wide range of designs such as fractal antennas, triangular antennas, dipoles and monopoles with variable sleeves. All these antennas make use of MEMS switches, to make them reconfigurable. Some of the challenges that the designer has to face in biasing and integrating these switches with the antenna has are also presented and discussed. . INTRODUCTION The requirements for increased functionality, such as direction finding, radar, control and command, within a confined volume, place a greater burden in today’s transmitting and receiving systems. A solution to this problem is the re-configurable antenna [1-3]. Antennas that can be used for multiple purposes, that function over several frequency bands and that can be integrated on a package for mass-production are the ultimate goals of commercial and defense investigators. Furthermore, applications of such systems in personal and satellite communications impose the requirement for elements miniaturized in size and weight. Key-elements to obtain reconfigurability in many RF circuits are the Radio-Frequency MicroElectroMechanical Systems (RF-MEMS). Even though RF-MEMS have been used in the past to reconfigure filters, phase-shifters, capacitors and inductors, their integration in an antenna system has been limited as it faces a plethora of issues that need to be resolved. The absence of a reconfigurable RF-MEMS antenna system and the recent advances in fractal and especially Sierpinski gasketantennas combined with the availability of series cantilever RFMEMS switches, sparked the pioneering idea to design a multiple-frequency antenna that will radiate on-demand the same radiation pattern at various frequencies. Such a system was designed and successfully implemented, as the first functional, fully integrated RF-MEMS reconfigurable self-similar antenna. In this presentation we will illustrate how the use of RF MEMS switches can to enhance the frequency performance of several antennas. II. EXAMPLES OF RECONFIGURABLE ANTENNA DESIGNS 1) A Simple Dipole: First, we work on a simple dipole antenna, shown in Figure 1. It can be used as an example to illustrate the application of RF-MEMS switches in a reconfigurable antenna design. Since other planar antennas, such as the bowtie, have a broader bandwidth than a planar dipole, this theoretical model may also be used to determine a ‘maximum number of switches’ to be used in order to achieve the desired reconfigurability. The goal is set to design a reconfigurable dipole antenna that can operate on demand at any frequency in the X-band. In this application the bandwidth of the planar dipole is approximately 8.5%. The arms of the dipole are connected with RF-MEMS switches to additional patches. The basic function of the switches is to conductively couple the additional metallic patches thus extending on-demand each arm’s length. When the switches are ‘of","PeriodicalId":162557,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology Small Antennas and Novel Metamaterials, 2006.","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122414623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-03-06DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608966
Zhi Ning Chen, Duixian Liu, B. Gaucher, T. Hildner
{"title":"Reduction in Antenna Height by Slotting Ground Plane","authors":"Zhi Ning Chen, Duixian Liu, B. Gaucher, T. Hildner","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608966","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":162557,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology Small Antennas and Novel Metamaterials, 2006.","volume":"225 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128678100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-03-06DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608969
Y.P. Zhang
Antenna-in-Package (AiP) technology offers an elegant antenna solution to modern radio systems such as single-chip radios. AiP combines an antenna or antennas with a single-chip radio die into a standard surface mounted device so that the assembly cost and board area of a discrete antenna (e.g. a chip antenna) can be saved. More importantly, AiP provides a platform to codesign the antenna, package, and chip so that the single-chip radio performance can be maximized. In this paper, a mini review of AiP development is first presented. Then the design of a novel antenna in the format of a cavitydown ball grid array package in low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) process for 5.7-GHz single-chip radios is described. Finally, AiP designs are mentioned for modern ultrawide-band (UWB) and millimeter-wave radios.
{"title":"Antenna-in-Package Technology for Modern Radio Systems","authors":"Y.P. Zhang","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608969","url":null,"abstract":"Antenna-in-Package (AiP) technology offers an elegant antenna solution to modern radio systems such as single-chip radios. AiP combines an antenna or antennas with a single-chip radio die into a standard surface mounted device so that the assembly cost and board area of a discrete antenna (e.g. a chip antenna) can be saved. More importantly, AiP provides a platform to codesign the antenna, package, and chip so that the single-chip radio performance can be maximized. In this paper, a mini review of AiP development is first presented. Then the design of a novel antenna in the format of a cavitydown ball grid array package in low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) process for 5.7-GHz single-chip radios is described. Finally, AiP designs are mentioned for modern ultrawide-band (UWB) and millimeter-wave radios.","PeriodicalId":162557,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology Small Antennas and Novel Metamaterials, 2006.","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124755407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-03-06DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608984
D. Wickenden, R. Awadallah, P. Vichot, B.M. Brawley, J. Spicer, M. J. Fitch, T. Kistenmacher
Design, experimental and modeling studies have been undertaken on periodic, multi-frequency two-dimensional arrays of four differently sized metallic split-ring triangular resonators fabricated on a dielectric substrate. A sample consisting of quadrants of four differently dimensioned resonators showed only a broadened, apparently multimodal feature in the transmission spectrum. Four discrete resonances were achieved using a number of permutations of a primitive unit cell containing each of the triangular resonators. For each of the unit-cell permutations, four discrete resonances are predicted based on numerical simulation; however, the spectral intensities are shown to be markedly different in a subset of cases.
{"title":"Demonstration of Multi-Band Frequency-Selective Surfaces Using Split-Ring Triangular Resonators","authors":"D. Wickenden, R. Awadallah, P. Vichot, B.M. Brawley, J. Spicer, M. J. Fitch, T. Kistenmacher","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608984","url":null,"abstract":"Design, experimental and modeling studies have been undertaken on periodic, multi-frequency two-dimensional arrays of four differently sized metallic split-ring triangular resonators fabricated on a dielectric substrate. A sample consisting of quadrants of four differently dimensioned resonators showed only a broadened, apparently multimodal feature in the transmission spectrum. Four discrete resonances were achieved using a number of permutations of a primitive unit cell containing each of the triangular resonators. For each of the unit-cell permutations, four discrete resonances are predicted based on numerical simulation; however, the spectral intensities are shown to be markedly different in a subset of cases.","PeriodicalId":162557,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology Small Antennas and Novel Metamaterials, 2006.","volume":"03 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129214877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-03-06DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608986
Z. Wang, C. C. Chiau, X. Chen, B. Collins, S. Kingsley
This paper presents a study on a broadband DRA using a new feed technique developed at Antenova Ltd, UK. The DRA is designed to operate at 2.4GHz for IEEE802.11b/g applications and has a length of only 0.12λ. Characteristics of the prototype DRA are assessed using both a Finite Integration Technique simulation and experimental measurements.
{"title":"A Miniature Broadband Dielectric Resonator Antenna (DRA) Operating at 2.4GHz","authors":"Z. Wang, C. C. Chiau, X. Chen, B. Collins, S. Kingsley","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608986","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a study on a broadband DRA using a new feed technique developed at Antenova Ltd, UK. The DRA is designed to operate at 2.4GHz for IEEE802.11b/g applications and has a length of only 0.12λ. Characteristics of the prototype DRA are assessed using both a Finite Integration Technique simulation and experimental measurements.","PeriodicalId":162557,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology Small Antennas and Novel Metamaterials, 2006.","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130564838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-03-06DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608993
B. Sanz-Izquierdo, F. Huang, J. Batchelor
A novel structure for wearable WLAN applications is presented. This antenna is a top loaded monopole and is shaped as a button. The antenna is easily disguised and is less sensitive to the clothing fabric than printed patches. The antenna is dual band at 2400MHz and 5200MHz with the omni-directional radiation patterns required for transmission with other wearable devices located both on and off a user’s body.
{"title":"Dual Band Button Antennas for Wearable Applications","authors":"B. Sanz-Izquierdo, F. Huang, J. Batchelor","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2006.1608993","url":null,"abstract":"A novel structure for wearable WLAN applications is presented. This antenna is a top loaded monopole and is shaped as a button. The antenna is easily disguised and is less sensitive to the clothing fabric than printed patches. The antenna is dual band at 2400MHz and 5200MHz with the omni-directional radiation patterns required for transmission with other wearable devices located both on and off a user’s body.","PeriodicalId":162557,"journal":{"name":"IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology Small Antennas and Novel Metamaterials, 2006.","volume":"152 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123367717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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