Sou Watanabe, Y. Sano, Shuhei Sanda, S. Sakurai, T. Arai
Extraction chromatography is promising technology for trivalent minor actinides recovery from spent nuclear fuel. In this study, CMPO-impregnated adsorbents with various pore and particle sizes of SiO 2 particles were prepared, and influences of those properties on the adsorption/elution performances were investigated by batch-wise adsorption experiments and column experiments. Only surface of the particle contributed to adsorption when the pore size is too small. In this system, adsorption/elution kinetics was favorable, whereas adsorption capacity was poor. Broadening in the pore size was revealed to enhance diffusion of mobile phase into the particle, and then elution rate was also improved. Since too large pore size might lead weak mechanical strength, refinement in the pore size considering practical operation condition might be required. Large particle showed fine adsorption performance through batch-wise experiments, but formation of channeling or voids inside the packed bed were observed in the column operation. The voids lead poor breakthrough and elution performances. The particle size had to be smaller than 200 μ m for the extraction chromatography system though large particle is desirable in the respects of remote handling and adsorption performance.
{"title":"Influences of Pore and Particle Sizes of CMPO/SiO2-P Adsorbent on Extraction Chromatography Process","authors":"Sou Watanabe, Y. Sano, Shuhei Sanda, S. Sakurai, T. Arai","doi":"10.5182/JAIE.30.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5182/JAIE.30.8","url":null,"abstract":"Extraction chromatography is promising technology for trivalent minor actinides recovery from spent nuclear fuel. In this study, CMPO-impregnated adsorbents with various pore and particle sizes of SiO 2 particles were prepared, and influences of those properties on the adsorption/elution performances were investigated by batch-wise adsorption experiments and column experiments. Only surface of the particle contributed to adsorption when the pore size is too small. In this system, adsorption/elution kinetics was favorable, whereas adsorption capacity was poor. Broadening in the pore size was revealed to enhance diffusion of mobile phase into the particle, and then elution rate was also improved. Since too large pore size might lead weak mechanical strength, refinement in the pore size considering practical operation condition might be required. Large particle showed fine adsorption performance through batch-wise experiments, but formation of channeling or voids inside the packed bed were observed in the column operation. The voids lead poor breakthrough and elution performances. The particle size had to be smaller than 200 μ m for the extraction chromatography system though large particle is desirable in the respects of remote handling and adsorption performance.","PeriodicalId":16331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ion exchange","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84283512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Japan, biomass power generation is being promoted for effective biomass utilization. However, a major problem is the large amount of biomass combustion ash discharged and disposed of as industrial waste. Environmental problems caused by arsenic (As) occur throughout the world, including Japan. In this study, we attempted to synthesize an Fe-type layered double hydroxide (Fe-LDH) from biomass combustion ash for As removal. During this experiment, the combustion ash was added to HCl to dissolve divalent cations, Ca and Mg, in the ash, and then filtrated. Iron chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O) was added to the filtrate to prepare an acidic liquid mixture with a molar ratio of (Ca+Mg)/Fe = 2-2.5, which was added to 0.3 M NaCl solution and stirred for 6 h to synthesize LDH at 20, 40, and 60°C maintaining a pH 8.5, 10.5, and 12.5, respectively. In addition, the As removal ability of the product was investigated. As a result, the product, including Fe-LDH, prepared from the biomass combustion ash at pH 12.5 at 40C demonstrated a strong ability to remove arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)), and the removal percentage of As(III) using the product was higher than that of As(V).
在日本，为了有效利用生物质，正在促进生物质发电。然而，一个主要问题是大量的生物质燃烧灰作为工业废物排放和处理。砷引起的环境问题在世界各地都有发生，包括日本。在本研究中，我们试图以生物质燃烧灰为原料合成一种fe型层状双氢氧化物(Fe-LDH)用于除砷。在本实验中，将燃烧灰加入HCl，溶解灰中的二价阳离子Ca和Mg，然后过滤。滤液中加入六水氯化铁(FeCl3·6H2O)，得到摩尔比为(Ca+Mg)/Fe = 2-2.5的酸性液体混合物，加入0.3 M NaCl溶液中搅拌6 h，在20、40、60℃条件下合成LDH, pH分别为8.5、10.5、12.5。此外，还考察了产物对砷的去除能力。结果表明，以生物质燃烧灰为原料，在pH 12.5、温度40℃条件下制备的含Fe-LDH的产物对亚砷酸盐(As(III))和砷酸盐(As(V))具有较强的去除能力，且对As(III)的去除率高于As(V)。
{"title":"Synthesis of Fe-type Layered Double Hydroxide from Biomass Combustion Ash for Removal of Arsenite and Arsenate","authors":"A. Suhara, T. Wajima","doi":"10.5182/JAIE.29.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5182/JAIE.29.60","url":null,"abstract":"In Japan, biomass power generation is being promoted for effective biomass utilization. However, a major problem is the large amount of biomass combustion ash discharged and disposed of as industrial waste. Environmental problems caused by arsenic (As) occur throughout the world, including Japan. In this study, we attempted to synthesize an Fe-type layered double hydroxide (Fe-LDH) from biomass combustion ash for As removal. During this experiment, the combustion ash was added to HCl to dissolve divalent cations, Ca and Mg, in the ash, and then filtrated. Iron chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O) was added to the filtrate to prepare an acidic liquid mixture with a molar ratio of (Ca+Mg)/Fe = 2-2.5, which was added to 0.3 M NaCl solution and stirred for 6 h to synthesize LDH at 20, 40, and 60°C maintaining a pH 8.5, 10.5, and 12.5, respectively. In addition, the As removal ability of the product was investigated. As a result, the product, including Fe-LDH, prepared from the biomass combustion ash at pH 12.5 at 40C demonstrated a strong ability to remove arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)), and the removal percentage of As(III) using the product was higher than that of As(V).","PeriodicalId":16331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ion exchange","volume":"267 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83001056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of CoAl, NiAl, CoFe and NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide Films","authors":"Guoshen Yang, T. Takei, S. Yanagida, N. Kumada","doi":"10.5182/JAIE.29.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5182/JAIE.29.131","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ion exchange","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80708238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haruka Nobuta, Yujiro Watanabe, S. Oshima, Y. Komatsu, K. Fujinaga
For removal and long term storage of radioactive cesium ion (Cs) which diffused into the environment by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, pollucite (POL: Cs16Si32Al16O96·nH2O) which is a cesium containing mineral was synthesized by using a solution containing sodium silicate, sodium aluminate and cesium chloride, and the optimum synthesis condition for Cs removal and insolubilization was determined. POL synthesis was carried out at 200°C for 24 h, in the Si/Al molar ratio range of 0.5 to 7.0 and in the Cs concentration range of 10 to 5000 mg dm. The product was characterized using X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscopy. After synthesis of POL, the concentration of Cs remained in the solution which was not incorporated into POL was determined by using atomic adsorption spectrophotometer. The Cs dissolution experiment was carried out with the synthesized product in a 0.6 M NaCl solution for 24 h. It was revealed that excellent Cs removal and insolubilization were confirmed by the formation of POL with Si/Al molar ratio of 2.0 and 2.5 in the mixed solution adjusted to 2500 mg dm Cs concentration. In addition, even in low Cs concentrations (100 mg dm), the excellent Cs removal and insolubilization were achieved with POL having Si/Al molar ratio of 2.0. Moreover, if Si/Al molar ratio was adjusted to be 2.0 to 2.5, Cs (100 mg dm to 2500 mg dm) could remove effectively and store stably long time.
{"title":"Incorporation Behavior of Cesium into Pollucite and the Optimization of Synthesis Method","authors":"Haruka Nobuta, Yujiro Watanabe, S. Oshima, Y. Komatsu, K. Fujinaga","doi":"10.5182/JAIE.29.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5182/JAIE.29.136","url":null,"abstract":"For removal and long term storage of radioactive cesium ion (Cs) which diffused into the environment by the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, pollucite (POL: Cs16Si32Al16O96·nH2O) which is a cesium containing mineral was synthesized by using a solution containing sodium silicate, sodium aluminate and cesium chloride, and the optimum synthesis condition for Cs removal and insolubilization was determined. POL synthesis was carried out at 200°C for 24 h, in the Si/Al molar ratio range of 0.5 to 7.0 and in the Cs concentration range of 10 to 5000 mg dm. The product was characterized using X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscopy. After synthesis of POL, the concentration of Cs remained in the solution which was not incorporated into POL was determined by using atomic adsorption spectrophotometer. The Cs dissolution experiment was carried out with the synthesized product in a 0.6 M NaCl solution for 24 h. It was revealed that excellent Cs removal and insolubilization were confirmed by the formation of POL with Si/Al molar ratio of 2.0 and 2.5 in the mixed solution adjusted to 2500 mg dm Cs concentration. In addition, even in low Cs concentrations (100 mg dm), the excellent Cs removal and insolubilization were achieved with POL having Si/Al molar ratio of 2.0. Moreover, if Si/Al molar ratio was adjusted to be 2.0 to 2.5, Cs (100 mg dm to 2500 mg dm) could remove effectively and store stably long time.","PeriodicalId":16331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ion exchange","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83010018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"View for the Achievement Award 2017 from Japan Society of Ion Exchange","authors":"Yukimoto Kobayashi","doi":"10.5182/JAIE.29.171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5182/JAIE.29.171","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ion exchange","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79188269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Activated carbon fiber (ACF) from cellulose based ACF (KF1500) was modified to give anion ion exchange functionality using three sequential modification methods; acetonitrile thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) at 800°C, heat treatment at 950°C and then steam activation at 800°C for the purpose of maximizing ion exchange capacity of nitrate (NO3 ). The maximum adsorption amount of 0.71 mmol/g was achieved, which was 1.9 times larger than non-modified original KF1500 (0.38 mmol/g) but a half the amount of ion exchange resin of HP555 (1.4 mmol/g), under the same experimental conditions.
{"title":"Adsorptive Removal of Nitrate from Water Using Modified Activated Carbon Fibers","authors":"M. Machida, Y. Amamo","doi":"10.5182/JAIE.29.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5182/JAIE.29.166","url":null,"abstract":"Activated carbon fiber (ACF) from cellulose based ACF (KF1500) was modified to give anion ion exchange functionality using three sequential modification methods; acetonitrile thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) at 800°C, heat treatment at 950°C and then steam activation at 800°C for the purpose of maximizing ion exchange capacity of nitrate (NO3 ). The maximum adsorption amount of 0.71 mmol/g was achieved, which was 1.9 times larger than non-modified original KF1500 (0.38 mmol/g) but a half the amount of ion exchange resin of HP555 (1.4 mmol/g), under the same experimental conditions.","PeriodicalId":16331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ion exchange","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81576203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To separate Y (III) and Sr(II) from a Sr(II)-Y(III) mixed solution, a silica-based (HDEHP+Oct)/SiO 2 -P adsorbent was prepared by successive impregnation and fixing the bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate (HDEHP) and its molecule modifier 1 - octanol into the macroporous SiO 2 -P support with a mean diameter of 50 μ m. The adsorption and separation of Y(III) and Sr(II) from HNO 3 or HCl solutions onto the adsorbent were investigated by batch and column methods. The adsorbent showed a higher adsorption affinity to Y(III) than Sr(II). The adsorption of Y(III) decreased as the acidity of the solution increased. The adsorption of Y(III) could be expressed by the Langmuir adsorption model and was governed by chemisorption. In column experiments, using a column packed with (HDEHP+Oct)/SiO 2 -P adsorbent, Sr(II) and Y(III) were eluted by HNO 3 or HCl solution, respectively. The separation of Y(III) from Sr(II)-Y(III) mixed solution was achieved successfully. packed column, Sr(II) and Y(III) were eluted by HNO 3 or HCl solution, respectively. A successful separation of Y(III) from Sr(II)-Y(III) mixed solution was achieved.
{"title":"Adsorption and Separation of Sr(II) and Y(III) by Extraction Chromatography Using HDEHP-impregnated Adsorbent","authors":"Seongyun Kim, T. Ito","doi":"10.5182/JAIE.29.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5182/JAIE.29.110","url":null,"abstract":"To separate Y (III) and Sr(II) from a Sr(II)-Y(III) mixed solution, a silica-based (HDEHP+Oct)/SiO 2 -P adsorbent was prepared by successive impregnation and fixing the bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate (HDEHP) and its molecule modifier 1 - octanol into the macroporous SiO 2 -P support with a mean diameter of 50 μ m. The adsorption and separation of Y(III) and Sr(II) from HNO 3 or HCl solutions onto the adsorbent were investigated by batch and column methods. The adsorbent showed a higher adsorption affinity to Y(III) than Sr(II). The adsorption of Y(III) decreased as the acidity of the solution increased. The adsorption of Y(III) could be expressed by the Langmuir adsorption model and was governed by chemisorption. In column experiments, using a column packed with (HDEHP+Oct)/SiO 2 -P adsorbent, Sr(II) and Y(III) were eluted by HNO 3 or HCl solution, respectively. The separation of Y(III) from Sr(II)-Y(III) mixed solution was achieved successfully. packed column, Sr(II) and Y(III) were eluted by HNO 3 or HCl solution, respectively. A successful separation of Y(III) from Sr(II)-Y(III) mixed solution was achieved.","PeriodicalId":16331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ion exchange","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91483983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of Supramolecular and/or Metal-Complex Analytical Reagents Possessing Ion-Exchange or Molecular Recognition Function","authors":"T. Hashimoto","doi":"10.5182/JAIE.29.176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5182/JAIE.29.176","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ion exchange","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78296836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on Separation of Platinum Group Metals from High-level Liquid Waste Using Sulfur-containing Amic Acid-functionalized Silica","authors":"T. Ito, Seongyun Kim","doi":"10.5182/JAIE.29.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5182/JAIE.29.97","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ion exchange","volume":"550 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77346266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Fujinaga, Yuka Kobayashi, Naoto Shimizu, Shin-ichi Kawano, S. Oshima, Mune-aki Sakamoto, Y. Komatsu
4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one and 4-ethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one are well-known solvent in the name of propylene carbonate (PC) and butylene carbonate (BC), respectively, and PC is classified to level 1 in terms of combustibility and health hazard by National Fire –Protection Association. Therefore, PC is less toxic and environment-friendly solvent compared to the usual solvents, such as hexane and toluene. PC and BC are not only safe but also are having strong polarity, however, their application to solvent extraction of metal chelates as an extraction solvent were not carried out so much. Then, in this study, PC and BC were applied to N,N-dioctyldiglycolamic acid (DODGAA) extraction of lanthanides as the diluent and their extractabilities were compared with that of hexane. Lanthanum and scandium were found to be affected with solvent comparatively strongly to the other lanthanides. It was observed in the slope analysis of in the relationship between log D vs. pH plots that the some slopes of straight lines in DODGAA-PC and DODGAA-BC system deviated from theoretical value of 3. The possibilities of the change of metal ion concentration based on the volume change due to the mutual dissolution and the formation of different kind of complex other than LnR3 were considered as the causes for the deviations in a slope analysis and were examined experimentally.
{"title":"The Effect of Solvent on the Liquid – Liquid Extraction of Lanthanides Using DODGAA as an Extractant","authors":"K. Fujinaga, Yuka Kobayashi, Naoto Shimizu, Shin-ichi Kawano, S. Oshima, Mune-aki Sakamoto, Y. Komatsu","doi":"10.5182/JAIE.29.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5182/JAIE.29.76","url":null,"abstract":"4-Methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one and 4-ethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one are well-known solvent in the name of propylene carbonate (PC) and butylene carbonate (BC), respectively, and PC is classified to level 1 in terms of combustibility and health hazard by National Fire –Protection Association. Therefore, PC is less toxic and environment-friendly solvent compared to the usual solvents, such as hexane and toluene. PC and BC are not only safe but also are having strong polarity, however, their application to solvent extraction of metal chelates as an extraction solvent were not carried out so much. Then, in this study, PC and BC were applied to N,N-dioctyldiglycolamic acid (DODGAA) extraction of lanthanides as the diluent and their extractabilities were compared with that of hexane. Lanthanum and scandium were found to be affected with solvent comparatively strongly to the other lanthanides. It was observed in the slope analysis of in the relationship between log D vs. pH plots that the some slopes of straight lines in DODGAA-PC and DODGAA-BC system deviated from theoretical value of 3. The possibilities of the change of metal ion concentration based on the volume change due to the mutual dissolution and the formation of different kind of complex other than LnR3 were considered as the causes for the deviations in a slope analysis and were examined experimentally.","PeriodicalId":16331,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ion exchange","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84607553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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