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Indoor navigation map for visually impaired people 视障人士室内导航地图
Pub Date : 2014-11-04 DOI: 10.1145/2676528.2676533
Hyeong-Gyu Ryu, Taehoon Kim, Ki-Joune Li
Due to recent progress of geospatial and mobile technologies, it becomes available to provide geospatial information services to visually impaired people such as BlindSquare. In this demo paper, we present a prototype of voice indoor routing map service, called VIM(Voice-based Indoor Maps) for visually impaired people. This prototype service has been designed for navigation along braille blocks between two points in indoor space and developed by using TalkBack user-interface of Android OS. The voice navigation information is mainly based on an OGC standard [3], IndoorGML [2], which serves as the framework data model and XML schema to describe the network connectivity in indoor space. The data model of VIM is designed by considering several safety requirements for visually impaired people. The prototype service has been implemented and tested on a real site of subway station in Seoul.
由于近年来地理空间和移动技术的进步,它可以为盲人等视障人士提供地理空间信息服务。在这篇演示论文中,我们提出了一个语音室内路由地图服务的原型,称为VIM(基于语音的室内地图),用于视障人士。本原型服务是针对室内空间两点之间的盲文块导航而设计的,使用Android操作系统的TalkBack用户界面进行开发。语音导航信息主要基于OGC标准[3]IndoorGML[2],作为描述室内空间网络连通性的框架数据模型和XML模式。VIM的数据模型是在考虑视障人士安全要求的基础上设计的。该服务的原型已经在首尔地铁站的一个真实站点上实施和测试。
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引用次数: 16
INSAR: indoor navigation system using augmented reality INSAR:使用增强现实技术的室内导航系统
Pub Date : 2014-11-04 DOI: 10.1145/2676528.2676535
Ahmed Alnabhan, Brian M. Tomaszewski
Indoor navigation applications for mobile devices are being more common and needed for people who want to find inside building destinations. Many indoor navigation applications utilize different technologies, such as Wi-Fi fingerprinting, have been suggested. Most of these applications use a fixed background map and pre-calculated paths to lead the user to their destinations. Users of these systems need general map reading skills and understanding how specifically indoor maps work. In addition, these system types need to implement complex and accurate calculations to determine routing paths before navigation starts - which could be affected by unstable Wi-Fi signals. In this paper, we suggest INSAR or Indoor Navigation System Using Augmented Reality, which utilizes Wi-Fi fingerprinting, augmented reality (AR), and digital compass technologies in an integrated Android-based app. Specifically, we used a Wi-Fi fingerprinting method to determine user position, augmented reality to display real-time navigation information, and a compass to determine destination direction. Additionally, digital compass use to read the destination direction of each reference point (RP) helps direct the users "on the fly" thus reducing potential Wi-Fi signal instability effects.
移动设备的室内导航应用程序越来越普遍,并且对于想要找到建筑物内部目的地的人来说是必要的。许多室内导航应用都采用了不同的技术,比如Wi-Fi指纹识别。这些应用程序大多使用固定的背景地图和预先计算的路径来引导用户到达目的地。这些系统的用户需要一般的地图阅读技能,并了解室内地图的具体工作原理。此外,这些类型的系统需要在导航开始前进行复杂而精确的计算,以确定路由路径,这可能会受到不稳定的Wi-Fi信号的影响。在本文中,我们建议使用增强现实的室内导航系统(INSAR),它在基于android的集成应用程序中利用Wi-Fi指纹识别、增强现实(AR)和数字罗盘技术。具体而言,我们使用Wi-Fi指纹识别方法确定用户位置,增强现实显示实时导航信息,指南针确定目的地方向。此外,数字罗盘用于读取每个参考点(RP)的目的地方向,有助于指导用户“在飞行中”,从而减少潜在的Wi-Fi信号不稳定影响。
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引用次数: 23
An interactive approach for deriving geometric network models in 3D indoor environments 三维室内环境中几何网络模型的交互式导出方法
Pub Date : 2014-11-04 DOI: 10.1145/2676528.2676531
Feixiong Luo, G. Cao, Xiang Li
Humans spend most of their life in indoor spaces. As indoor spaces are becoming increasingly complex, there are compelling needs for efficient indoor GIS and navigation systems. For indoor navigations, numerous geometric network models have been proposed as navigable spatial models for 3D indoor environments in the past decade. Most of the existing discussions, however, tend to focus on conceptual representations of geometric networks; not enough attention has been given on the generation processes of navigable networks for 3D indoor environments. It is actually nontrivial, considering accurate and complete floor plans, the conventional data sources for building indoor geometric networks, are oftentimes not available for various reasons (e.g., copyright, public safety concerns). With the continue advances of 3D imaging and scanning technologies, 3D data models with fine geometric structures and high quality textures are increasingly available for indoor spaces, thus provide a novel data source for building indoor geometric networks. In this paper, an interactive approach is presented to derive 3D, navigable, geometric network models from these 3D data models. Specifically, this approach includes three steps: decomposing 3D building models in terms of floors, interactively creating geometric network elements (e.g., nodes and edges) and then automatically generating geometric network models. The presented approach is implemented and its advantages are demonstrated with a real world 3D building data.
人类大部分时间都是在室内度过的。随着室内空间的日益复杂,对高效的室内地理信息系统和导航系统的需求日益迫切。对于室内导航,在过去的十年中,许多几何网络模型被提出作为三维室内环境的可导航空间模型。然而,大多数现有的讨论都倾向于关注几何网络的概念表示;对于三维室内环境中可导航网络的生成过程研究不够。考虑到准确和完整的平面图,用于构建室内几何网络的传统数据源通常由于各种原因(例如,版权、公共安全问题)而不可用,这实际上是非常重要的。随着三维成像和扫描技术的不断进步,具有精细几何结构和高质量纹理的三维数据模型越来越多地应用于室内空间,从而为室内几何网络的构建提供了新的数据源。本文提出了一种交互式方法,从这些三维数据模型中导出三维、可导航的几何网络模型。具体来说,该方法包括三个步骤:按楼层分解3D建筑模型,交互式创建几何网络元素(如节点和边缘),然后自动生成几何网络模型。通过一个真实的三维建筑数据验证了该方法的优越性。
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引用次数: 10
Cognitively adequate topological robot localization and mapping 认知上足够的拓扑机器人定位和映射
Pub Date : 2014-11-04 DOI: 10.1145/2676528.2676534
P. Corcoran, M. Bertolotto, J. Leonard
Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is a fundamental problem in the field of robotics which concerns mapping an environment or space while simultaneously localizing within this map. Given that one of the major goals of robotics is to perform tasks commonly performed by humans, we argue that SLAM methods should be cognitively adequate; that is, they should model the same properties of a space as the human cognition models. Topological properties are considered the most fundamental of those modelled by the human cognition. Therefore in order to achieve cognitive adequacy such properties must be modelled explicitly. Research in the domain of spatial cognition has demonstrated that the topological properties modelled by the human cognition can be quantified using the Egenhofer Nine-Intersection Model (9-IM). In this work we propose a conceptual SLAM method which models the same properties as the 9-IM. Relative to existing topological SLAM methods, which model a single topological property of connectivity between locations, this method achieves a stronger degree of cognitive adequacy.
同时定位和映射(SLAM)是机器人领域的一个基本问题,它涉及映射环境或空间,同时在该地图内进行定位。鉴于机器人的主要目标之一是执行通常由人类执行的任务,我们认为SLAM方法应该在认知上是足够的;也就是说,它们应该模拟与人类认知模型相同的空间属性。拓扑属性被认为是人类认知模型中最基本的属性。因此,为了实现认知充分性,这些属性必须明确建模。空间认知领域的研究表明,人类认知建模的拓扑属性可以用Egenhofer九交模型(9-IM)来量化。在这项工作中,我们提出了一个概念性SLAM方法,该方法模拟了与9-IM相同的属性。相对于现有的拓扑SLAM方法,该方法实现了更强的认知充分性。
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引用次数: 0
Route directions generation using visible landmarks 使用可见地标生成路线方向
Pub Date : 2014-11-04 DOI: 10.1145/2676528.2676530
Davide Russo, S. Zlatanova, Eliseo Clementini
The aim of this research is to investigate how to communicate route directions for wayfinding assistance in indoor environments including visible landmarks along the route. We propose an algorithm to automatically generate low level directions, as an XML file, that can be later translated in other languages, e.g., IndoorGML. The most suitable data model is a graph with openings (doors, windows, passages), features and concave corners as nodes, and edges based on geometrical visibility between them. For a given route, the proposed algorithm extracts all the surrounding visible nodes and groups them to simplify subsequent textual instructions. This process is then implemented in a software prototype, "IndoorNav", based on an Android device. It uses QRcode scanning for locating user position, calculates the best route to follow, generates low-level route directions, and translates them into textual instructions in the requested language; finally, it shows them to users.
本研究的目的是研究在室内环境下,包括沿途可见的地标,如何沟通路线方向以帮助寻路。我们提出了一种自动生成低级指令的算法,作为XML文件,以后可以翻译成其他语言,例如IndoorGML。最合适的数据模型是一个以开口(门、窗、通道)、特征和凹角作为节点的图,以及基于它们之间几何可见性的边缘。对于给定的路线,该算法提取周围所有可见节点并对其进行分组,以简化后续的文本指令。这一过程随后在基于Android设备的软件原型“IndoorNav”中实现。它使用QRcode扫描定位用户位置,计算最佳路线,生成低级路线指示,并将其翻译成请求语言的文本指令;最后,它向用户显示它们。
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引用次数: 15
Indoor space subdivision for indoor navigation 用于室内导航的室内空间细分
Pub Date : 2014-11-04 DOI: 10.1145/2676528.2676529
M. Kruminaite, S. Zlatanova
There are a number of great attempts to develop an indoor navigation that provide the most optimal path and guidance. Finding a way in large buildings can be a challenging task. In order to represent the real situation to a maximum extent, a representation of the whole room as one single indivisible object is not enough as such representation is very abstract and this could make the navigation difficult and may result into inefficient route planning. In order to provide a smooth navigation path, the presence of humans within the indoor environment and the natural movement of individuals should be taken into consideration. In this paper a two-step indoor space subdivision for indoor navigation is described. Firstly, the indoor space is subdivided into navigable and non-navigable areas considering human perceptions of the environment and human behaviour. Secondly, the navigable space is subdivided applying a constrained Delaunay triangulation. Finally, the guidelines for generation of the navigation network and verification of the proposed model are presented.
有许多伟大的尝试开发室内导航,提供最优的路径和指导。在大型建筑中找到一条路可能是一项具有挑战性的任务。为了最大限度地表现真实情况,将整个房间表现为一个不可分割的物体是不够的,因为这种表现非常抽象,这可能会给导航带来困难,并可能导致低效的路线规划。为了提供一个平滑的导航路径,室内环境中人类的存在和个人的自然运动应该被考虑在内。本文描述了一种用于室内导航的两步室内空间细分方法。首先,考虑到人类对环境和行为的感知,室内空间被细分为可通航区和不可通航区。其次,采用约束Delaunay三角剖分法对可航空间进行细分。最后,给出了导航网络的生成准则和模型的验证。
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引用次数: 62
Using Bluetooth to track mobility patterns: depicting its potential based on various case studies 使用蓝牙跟踪移动模式:基于各种案例研究描述其潜力
Pub Date : 2013-11-05 DOI: 10.1145/2533810.2533813
Timothy Ellersiek, G. Andrienko, N. Andrienko, D. Hecker, Hendrik Stange, Marc Mueller
During the past years the interest in the exploitation of mobility information has increased significantly. A growing number of companies and research institutions are interested in the analysis of mobility data with demand of a high level of spatial detail. Means of tracking persons in our environment can nowadays be fulfilled by utilizing several technologies, for example the Bluetooth technology, offering means to obtain movement data. This paper gives an overview of four case studies in the field of Bluetooth tracking which were conducted in order to provide helpful insights on movement aspects for decision makers in their specific microcosm. Aim is to analyse spatio-temporal validity of Bluetooth tracking, and in doing so, to describe the potential of Bluetooth in pedestrian mobility mining.
在过去的几年中,对移动信息开发的兴趣显著增加。越来越多的公司和研究机构对高水平空间细节需求的移动数据分析感兴趣。在我们的环境中跟踪人的手段现在可以通过利用几种技术来实现,例如蓝牙技术,提供了获取运动数据的手段。本文概述了蓝牙跟踪领域的四个案例研究,旨在为决策者在具体的微观世界中提供有用的运动方面的见解。目的是分析蓝牙跟踪的时空有效性,并在此过程中描述蓝牙在行人机动性挖掘中的潜力。
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引用次数: 17
The effects of immersion and body-based rotation on learning multi-level indoor virtual environments 沉浸式和基于身体的旋转对多层次室内虚拟环境学习的影响
Pub Date : 2013-11-05 DOI: 10.1145/2533810.2533811
Hengshan Li, N. Giudice
The goal of this study was to investigate how the immersion level of virtual environments (HMD vs. desktop) and rotation method (physical vs. imagined) affects wayfinding performance in multi-story virtual buildings and the development of multi-level cognitive maps. Twelve participants learned multi-level virtual buildings using three VE conditions (physical rotation HMD, physical rotation desktop and imagined rotation desktop). They were then tested on four cross-level tasks, including: pointing, route navigation, vertical navigation, and paper-based drilling. Results showed that performance on between-floor trials was reliably worse than for within-floor trials and that this difference was neither improved by the level of immersion of the display nor the rotation behavior used during navigation. Our data suggest that increasing the fidelity of these interface variables does not yield more accurate development of multi-level cognitive maps. Indeed, multi-level indoor wayfinding performance was as effective with the simplest and least expensive desktop display based purely on joystick navigation as the more complex VE platforms. These findings show that spatial cognition research in multi-level virtual buildings need not be limited to immersive VEs with physical body rotation which require considerable equipment cost and increased technical complexity.
本研究的目的是调查虚拟环境(HMD vs.桌面)的沉浸水平和旋转方法(物理vs.想象)如何影响多层虚拟建筑中的寻路性能和多层认知地图的开发。12名参与者使用三种VE条件(物理旋转HMD、物理旋转桌面和想象旋转桌面)学习多层虚拟建筑。然后对他们进行了四项交叉任务的测试,包括:指向、路线导航、垂直导航和纸上钻孔。结果表明,楼层间试验的性能确实比楼层内试验差,而且这种差异既不会因显示器的浸入程度而改善,也不会因导航时使用的旋转行为而改善。我们的数据表明,增加这些界面变量的保真度并不能更准确地开发多层次认知地图。事实上,多层次的室内寻路性能与基于操纵杆导航的最简单、最便宜的桌面显示器一样有效,就像更复杂的VE平台一样。这些研究结果表明,多层次虚拟建筑的空间认知研究不需要局限于具有物理身体旋转的沉浸式虚拟空间,这需要大量的设备成本和增加的技术复杂性。
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引用次数: 16
Quantitative comparison of indoor positioning on different densities of WiFi arrays in a single environment 单一环境下不同密度WiFi阵列的室内定位定量比较
Pub Date : 2013-11-05 DOI: 10.1145/2533810.2533816
W. Jung, S. Bell
Location Based Services (LBS), which are supported by ubiquitous location finding and positioning information, have become increasingly popular. These services are integrated with various wireless technologies (i.e. cellular, WiFi, and Bluetooth) on mobile devices that establish necessary location information. While each of these technologies contributes to the integration, development and success of LBSs, WiFi has been the most widely employed as an alternative to the Global Positioning System (GPS). Several commercial WiFi-based positioning systems (WPS) are available to the public to extend positioning coverage to places where GPS is unreliable or unavailable; however, these commercial WPSs often fail to deliver GPS-like positioning. The coarse positioning accuracy of commercial WPSs may be caused by unreliable or unsecured databases, which contain the essential WiFi-array information to produce local positioning. Knowing this, the quality of WiFi-based positioning services can be enhanced by improving the quality of a database with well-surveyed and accurate information. The Saskatchewan Enhanced positioning System (SaskEPS) is designed to reduce common errors in WPS. SaskEPS's positioning accuracy and consistency is supported by a thoroughly validated Access Point (AP) database. It has been tested in several buildings at the University of Saskatchewan and successfully provides GPS-like positioning accuracy. Our tests have also begun to elucidate the role of WiFi density in ensuring GPS-like positioning accuracy in indoor spaces. In this paper, we investigate the quantitative relationship between WiFi density and SaskEPS's overall positioning accuracy.
基于位置的服务(LBS)在无处不在的位置查找和定位信息的支持下变得越来越流行。这些服务与移动设备上的各种无线技术(如蜂窝、WiFi和蓝牙)集成在一起,从而建立必要的位置信息。虽然这些技术都有助于lbs的集成、开发和成功,但WiFi作为全球定位系统(GPS)的替代品,已经得到了最广泛的应用。几种商用wifi定位系统(WPS)可供公众使用,以将定位覆盖范围扩展到GPS不可靠或不可用的地方;然而,这些商业wps通常无法提供类似gps的定位。商用无线基站的定位精度不高可能是由于数据库不可靠或不安全,而数据库中包含了产生本地定位所必需的wifi阵列信息。了解到这一点,通过提高数据库的质量,可以提高基于wifi的定位服务的质量,这些数据库具有经过充分调查和准确的信息。萨斯喀彻温省增强定位系统(SaskEPS)旨在减少WPS中的常见错误。SaskEPS的定位精度和一致性由经过彻底验证的接入点(AP)数据库支持。它已经在萨斯喀彻温大学的几座建筑中进行了测试,并成功地提供了类似gps的定位精度。我们的测试也开始阐明WiFi密度在确保室内空间类似gps的定位精度方面的作用。本文研究WiFi密度与SaskEPS整体定位精度之间的定量关系。
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引用次数: 5
Automatic geotagging and querying of indoor videos 自动地理标记和查询室内视频
Pub Date : 2013-11-05 DOI: 10.1145/2533810.2533817
Joon-Seok Kim, S. H. Kim, Ki-Joune Li
As mobile videos from smartphones are getting more popular, there have been interests on managing such videos, especially in a large repository. For the management of mobile videos, a new approach has been proposed to organize and search videos using geospatial metadata such as camera location and viewing direction. With the approach, video contents in outdoor space were represented by pure geospatial properties so that well known spatial database technologies can handle video contents more effectively with spatial properties of videos. However, it has been limited by the localization techniques so mainly used for outdoor videos where localization techniques such as GPS is available. Different approaches are required to support geo-tagging of videos in indoor space where no GPS is not available. Due to the recent development of practical indoor localization technique, it becomes possible to tag spatial properties to indoor videos. This work in progress paper introduces a method of automatic geotagging and querying for indoor videos from smartphones.
随着智能手机上的移动视频越来越受欢迎,人们对管理此类视频产生了兴趣,尤其是在大型存储库中。针对移动视频的管理,提出了一种利用摄像机位置和观看方向等地理空间元数据来组织和搜索视频的新方法。该方法将室外空间的视频内容用纯粹的地理空间属性表示,使已有的空间数据库技术能够更有效地利用视频的空间属性来处理视频内容。然而,它受到定位技术的限制,因此主要用于户外视频,其中定位技术如GPS是可用的。在没有GPS的室内空间,需要不同的方法来支持视频的地理标记。随着室内定位技术的发展,对室内视频进行空间属性标记成为可能。这篇正在进行中的论文介绍了一种自动地理标记和查询智能手机室内视频的方法。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
International Symposium on Algorithms
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