Pub Date : 2014-08-28DOI: 10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883055
Amir Azarbakht
Software development in free and open source (FOSS) projects is a collective human activity. Software developers in these projects collaborate via FOSS informalisms, i.e. mailing list, bug repository and code repository. Analysing the human collaborative work of these software developers over a time period, e.g. five years, sheds light on the underlying structure and dynamics of how the software is being developed, how the project is led, who the influencers are, and how to achieve a state of sustainability. In this paper, we propose to use temporal social network analysis with temporal visualization to study the evolution and social dynamics of FOSS communities. With these techniques we aim to identify measures associated with unhealthy group dynamics, e.g. a simmering conflict, as well as early indicators of major events in the lifespan of a community. One dynamic we are especially interested in, are those of forked FOSS projects. We used the results of a study of forked FOSS projects by [Robles and Gonzalez-Barahona 2012] as the starting platform for our study, and tried to gain a better understanding of the evolution of these communities.
自由和开放源代码(FOSS)项目中的软件开发是一项集体的人类活动。这些项目中的软件开发人员通过自由/开源软件的非正式方式进行协作，例如邮件列表、bug库和代码库。分析这些软件开发人员在一段时间内(例如五年)的协作工作，可以揭示软件开发的基本结构和动态，项目是如何领导的，谁是影响者，以及如何实现可持续性状态。在本文中，我们提出使用时间社会网络分析和时间可视化来研究自由/开源软件社区的演变和社会动态。通过这些技术，我们的目标是确定与不健康的群体动态相关的措施，例如，酝酿中的冲突，以及社区生命周期中重大事件的早期指标。我们特别感兴趣的动态是那些分叉的自由/开源软件项目。我们使用了[Robles and Gonzalez-Barahona 2012]对分叉的自由/开源软件项目的研究结果作为我们研究的开始平台，并试图更好地了解这些社区的演变。
{"title":"Temporal visualization of collaborative software development in FOSS forks","authors":"Amir Azarbakht","doi":"10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883055","url":null,"abstract":"Software development in free and open source (FOSS) projects is a collective human activity. Software developers in these projects collaborate via FOSS informalisms, i.e. mailing list, bug repository and code repository. Analysing the human collaborative work of these software developers over a time period, e.g. five years, sheds light on the underlying structure and dynamics of how the software is being developed, how the project is led, who the influencers are, and how to achieve a state of sustainability. In this paper, we propose to use temporal social network analysis with temporal visualization to study the evolution and social dynamics of FOSS communities. With these techniques we aim to identify measures associated with unhealthy group dynamics, e.g. a simmering conflict, as well as early indicators of major events in the lifespan of a community. One dynamic we are especially interested in, are those of forked FOSS projects. We used the results of a study of forked FOSS projects by [Robles and Gonzalez-Barahona 2012] as the starting platform for our study, and tried to gain a better understanding of the evolution of these communities.","PeriodicalId":165006,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126914913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-28DOI: 10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883036
Y. Watanobe, N. Mirenkov, H. Terasaka
Programming in pictures is an approach whereby pictures and moving pictures are used as super-characters to represent features of computational algorithms and data structures, as well as to explain models and application methods involved. *AIDA is a language supporting programming in pictures. In this paper, a fluid dynamics problem is considered and an example of a *AIDA program for fluid flow simulation is provided. The program is presented as a set of information resources oriented not only to the executable code generation, but also to an explanation of the problem and its application algorithm. Various features of the *AIDA program are discussed and some comparisons with a Fortran equivalent are performed.
{"title":"Information resources of ∗AIDA programs","authors":"Y. Watanobe, N. Mirenkov, H. Terasaka","doi":"10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883036","url":null,"abstract":"Programming in pictures is an approach whereby pictures and moving pictures are used as super-characters to represent features of computational algorithms and data structures, as well as to explain models and application methods involved. *AIDA is a language supporting programming in pictures. In this paper, a fluid dynamics problem is considered and an example of a *AIDA program for fluid flow simulation is provided. The program is presented as a set of information resources oriented not only to the executable code generation, but also to an explanation of the problem and its application algorithm. Various features of the *AIDA program are discussed and some comparisons with a Fortran equivalent are performed.","PeriodicalId":165006,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124070025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-28DOI: 10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883064
C. Schulze, Miro Spönemann, Christian Schneider, R. V. Hanxleden
Pragmatics-aware modeling refers to model-driven engineering with designer productivity in mind. We apply this concept to traditional software development by introducing two exemplary applications for transient views geared at increasing developer productivity: UML class diagram generation and debug state visualization.
{"title":"Two applications for transient views in software development environments","authors":"C. Schulze, Miro Spönemann, Christian Schneider, R. V. Hanxleden","doi":"10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883064","url":null,"abstract":"Pragmatics-aware modeling refers to model-driven engineering with designer productivity in mind. We apply this concept to traditional software development by introducing two exemplary applications for transient views geared at increasing developer productivity: UML class diagram generation and debug state visualization.","PeriodicalId":165006,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","volume":"155 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133572777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-28DOI: 10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883065
Ben Swift, H. Gardner, Andrew Sorensen
Network connectivity offers the potential for a group of musicians to play together over the network. This paper describes a trans-Atlantic networked musical livecoding performance between Andrew Sorensen in Germany (at the Schloss Daghstuhl conference on Collaboration and Learning through Live Coding) and Ben Swift in San Jose (at YL/HCC) in September 2013. In this paper we describe the infrastructure developed to enable this performance.
{"title":"Networked livecoding at VL/HCC 2013","authors":"Ben Swift, H. Gardner, Andrew Sorensen","doi":"10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883065","url":null,"abstract":"Network connectivity offers the potential for a group of musicians to play together over the network. This paper describes a trans-Atlantic networked musical livecoding performance between Andrew Sorensen in Germany (at the Schloss Daghstuhl conference on Collaboration and Learning through Live Coding) and Ben Swift in San Jose (at YL/HCC) in September 2013. In this paper we describe the infrastructure developed to enable this performance.","PeriodicalId":165006,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","volume":"2002 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128826393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-28DOI: 10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883027
J. Admire, Abbas Al Zawwad, Abdulwahab Almorebah, Sanchit Karve, Christopher Scaffidi
Web scripting enables users to automate interactions with websites. Online open source repositories provide scripts available for reuse. Yet just because these scripts are open source does not mean they are all reusable: many are specialized and irrelevant to most peoples' needs, while others are hard to understand or learn from. Repositories offer keyword-based search engines to find scripts relevant to specialized needs, but they lack any means for filtering search results according to reusability. To address this shortcoming, we present an approach for creating a model to automatically estimate the reusability of web automation scripts. To test this approach, we prototyped a search engine that uses these reusability estimates to sort one particular kind of web automation scripts, CoScripter macros, according to reusability. An empirical evaluation confirmed that the system's reusability estimates are significantly correlated with user perceptions of macro reusability, thus implying that our approach presents a viable means for helping end-user programmers to find reusable web automation scripts.
{"title":"Code you can use: Searching for web automation scripts based on reusability","authors":"J. Admire, Abbas Al Zawwad, Abdulwahab Almorebah, Sanchit Karve, Christopher Scaffidi","doi":"10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883027","url":null,"abstract":"Web scripting enables users to automate interactions with websites. Online open source repositories provide scripts available for reuse. Yet just because these scripts are open source does not mean they are all reusable: many are specialized and irrelevant to most peoples' needs, while others are hard to understand or learn from. Repositories offer keyword-based search engines to find scripts relevant to specialized needs, but they lack any means for filtering search results according to reusability. To address this shortcoming, we present an approach for creating a model to automatically estimate the reusability of web automation scripts. To test this approach, we prototyped a search engine that uses these reusability estimates to sort one particular kind of web automation scripts, CoScripter macros, according to reusability. An empirical evaluation confirmed that the system's reusability estimates are significantly correlated with user perceptions of macro reusability, thus implying that our approach presents a viable means for helping end-user programmers to find reusable web automation scripts.","PeriodicalId":165006,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117282266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-28DOI: 10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883045
Tiago Carção
The authors have begun to witness an exponential growth in the information and communication technologies (ICT) sector. While undoubtedly a milestone, all of this occurs at the expense of high energy costs needed to supply servers, data centers, and any use of computers. Associated with these high energy costs is the emission of greenhouse gases. These two issues have become major problems in society. The ICT sector contributes up to 8% of the overall energy consumption, with 50% of the energy costs of an organization being attributed to the IT departments.The paper discusses a tool which applies the proposed techniques on software code. This tool would guide the developer into programming more energy-aware software by alerting him/her of red smells, and offering green refactorings, all this in a simple visual layout to allow the software developer to become energy-aware. This application will also provide the ability to navigate between less energy efficient areas (packages, classes, modules, functions, methods, blocks and even lines), making its implementation more energy efficient.
{"title":"Measuring and visualizing energy consumption within software code","authors":"Tiago Carção","doi":"10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883045","url":null,"abstract":"The authors have begun to witness an exponential growth in the information and communication technologies (ICT) sector. While undoubtedly a milestone, all of this occurs at the expense of high energy costs needed to supply servers, data centers, and any use of computers. Associated with these high energy costs is the emission of greenhouse gases. These two issues have become major problems in society. The ICT sector contributes up to 8% of the overall energy consumption, with 50% of the energy costs of an organization being attributed to the IT departments.The paper discusses a tool which applies the proposed techniques on software code. This tool would guide the developer into programming more energy-aware software by alerting him/her of red smells, and offering green refactorings, all this in a simple visual layout to allow the software developer to become energy-aware. This application will also provide the ability to navigate between less energy efficient areas (packages, classes, modules, functions, methods, blocks and even lines), making its implementation more energy efficient.","PeriodicalId":165006,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","volume":"463 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132305804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-28DOI: 10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883023
M. Lee, Faezeh Bahmani, Irwin Kwan, Jilian LaFerte, P. Charters, Amber Horvath, Fanny Luor, Jill Cao, Cathy Law, Michael Beswetherick, Sheridan Long, M. Burnett, Amy J. Ko
Although there are many systems designed to engage people in programming, few explicitly teach the subject, expecting learners to acquire the necessary skills on their own as they create programs from scratch. We present a principled approach to teach programming using a debugging game called Gidget, which was created using a unique set of seven design principles. A total of 44 teens played it via a lab study and two summer camps. Principle by principle, the results revealed strengths, problems, and open questions for the seven principles. Taken together, the results were very encouraging: learners were able to program with conditionals, loops, and other programming concepts after using the game for just 5 hours.
{"title":"Principles of a debugging-first puzzle game for computing education","authors":"M. Lee, Faezeh Bahmani, Irwin Kwan, Jilian LaFerte, P. Charters, Amber Horvath, Fanny Luor, Jill Cao, Cathy Law, Michael Beswetherick, Sheridan Long, M. Burnett, Amy J. Ko","doi":"10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883023","url":null,"abstract":"Although there are many systems designed to engage people in programming, few explicitly teach the subject, expecting learners to acquire the necessary skills on their own as they create programs from scratch. We present a principled approach to teach programming using a debugging game called Gidget, which was created using a unique set of seven design principles. A total of 44 teens played it via a lab study and two summer camps. Principle by principle, the results revealed strengths, problems, and open questions for the seven principles. Taken together, the results were very encouraging: learners were able to program with conditionals, loops, and other programming concepts after using the game for just 5 hours.","PeriodicalId":165006,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114703623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-28DOI: 10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883018
Paolo Bottoni, A. Fish, Alexander Heußner
The recently introduced notion of Modeling Spider Diagrams immerses Spider Diagrams in a modelling context. We enhance here their capabilities by including references to resources that are required to persist in some state or to perform some state transition. To this end, we introduce a notion of annotation, which can be expressed through a restriction of Conceptual Spider Diagrams (extended over domains), where domains are partially ordered and predicate edges have to be consistent with this ordering. The resulting notion of Annotated Modeling Spider Diagrams can then be used to express constraints on the usage of resources, so that conformance to a policy can be verified with respect to resource availability. We provide additional options for user-modelling choices via a natural equivalent representation in terms of (classical) Spider Diagrams, restricted on the domain of interest, and the use of colour for domain identification.
{"title":"Annotating spiders with resource information","authors":"Paolo Bottoni, A. Fish, Alexander Heußner","doi":"10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883018","url":null,"abstract":"The recently introduced notion of Modeling Spider Diagrams immerses Spider Diagrams in a modelling context. We enhance here their capabilities by including references to resources that are required to persist in some state or to perform some state transition. To this end, we introduce a notion of annotation, which can be expressed through a restriction of Conceptual Spider Diagrams (extended over domains), where domains are partially ordered and predicate edges have to be consistent with this ordering. The resulting notion of Annotated Modeling Spider Diagrams can then be used to express constraints on the usage of resources, so that conformance to a policy can be verified with respect to resource availability. We provide additional options for user-modelling choices via a natural equivalent representation in terms of (classical) Spider Diagrams, restricted on the domain of interest, and the use of colour for domain identification.","PeriodicalId":165006,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125331293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-28DOI: 10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883016
Niklas Fors, G. Hedin
Control systems are often built using visual dataflow-based languages, and supporting different variants may be challenging. We introduce the concept of connection interception based on inheritance. This mechanism allows a diagram to extend another diagram and intercept connections defined in the supertype, that is, to replace it by two other connections, in order to specialize the behavior. This can be used to create extensible libraries that support different variants.
{"title":"Intercepting dataflow connections in diagrams with inheritance","authors":"Niklas Fors, G. Hedin","doi":"10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883016","url":null,"abstract":"Control systems are often built using visual dataflow-based languages, and supporting different variants may be challenging. We introduce the concept of connection interception based on inheritance. This mechanism allows a diagram to extend another diagram and intercept connections defined in the supertype, that is, to replace it by two other connections, in order to specialize the behavior. This can be used to create extensible libraries that support different variants.","PeriodicalId":165006,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123475883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-08-28DOI: 10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883053
Sheela Surisetty
The proliferation of end-user programmers' code in open source repositories provides opportunities for others to reuse code to solve programming problems, learn new programming techniques and to get inspiration. Unfortunately, code reuse by end-user programmers is low. In this paper, I propose a novel search mechanism called “Behavior-based code search” (BBCS) that assists end-user programmers discover reusable artifacts, so that they could find, reuse, and benefit from existing end-user code.
{"title":"Behavior-based code search","authors":"Sheela Surisetty","doi":"10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VLHCC.2014.6883053","url":null,"abstract":"The proliferation of end-user programmers' code in open source repositories provides opportunities for others to reuse code to solve programming problems, learn new programming techniques and to get inspiration. Unfortunately, code reuse by end-user programmers is low. In this paper, I propose a novel search mechanism called “Behavior-based code search” (BBCS) that assists end-user programmers discover reusable artifacts, so that they could find, reuse, and benefit from existing end-user code.","PeriodicalId":165006,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114628669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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