Pub Date : 2014-07-28DOI: 10.4135/9781483376493.n78
N. Brennan
The word governance comes from a Latin word – gubernare – which means to steer. Cicero has written ‘he that governs sits quietly at the stern and scarce is seen to stir’. Thus my colleague, Dr Collette Kirwan, has conceptualised the board as being the navigator of the company.
{"title":"What is Corporate Governance","authors":"N. Brennan","doi":"10.4135/9781483376493.n78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483376493.n78","url":null,"abstract":"The word governance comes from a Latin word – gubernare – which means to steer. Cicero has written ‘he that governs sits quietly at the stern and scarce is seen to stir’. Thus my colleague, Dr Collette Kirwan, has conceptualised the board as being the navigator of the company.","PeriodicalId":166342,"journal":{"name":"Open Access publications","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127414880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-01-04DOI: 10.4324/9780203593493.CH8
N. Brennan, D. Merkl-Davies
This chapter focuses on impression management in accounting communication. Impression management entails the construction of a public impression by organisations with the intention to appeal to their audiences, including shareholders, stakeholders, the general public, and the media. If successful, it undermines the quality of financial reporting and capital misallocations may result. What is more, wider social and political consequences include unwarranted support by non-financial stakeholders or by society at large. Impression management is examined by reference to four perspectives: the economic, psychological, sociological, and critical. These variously conceptualise impression management as reporting bias, self-serving bias, symbolic management, and ideological bias.
{"title":"Accounting narratives and impression management","authors":"N. Brennan, D. Merkl-Davies","doi":"10.4324/9780203593493.CH8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203593493.CH8","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on impression management in accounting communication. Impression management entails the construction of a public impression by organisations with the intention to appeal to their audiences, including shareholders, stakeholders, the general public, and the media. If successful, it undermines the quality of financial reporting and capital misallocations may result. What is more, wider social and political consequences include unwarranted support by non-financial stakeholders or by society at large. Impression management is examined by reference to four perspectives: the economic, psychological, sociological, and critical. These variously conceptualise impression management as reporting bias, self-serving bias, symbolic management, and ideological bias.","PeriodicalId":166342,"journal":{"name":"Open Access publications","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115790120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-11-12DOI: 10.4324/9780203095096-20
M. Norris, N. Winston
The economic, social and demographic history of the Republic of Ireland since World War II is distinctive in western European terms. While many of her neighbours experienced strong economic and population growth during the post war decades, resulting in unprecedented prosperity for the generation born during the post war baby boom, Ireland experienced economic stagnation and population decline during the 1950s, punctuated by a period of growth in the 1960s and early 1970s, until the traditional pattern of economic stagnation was reinstated in the 1980s (Kennedy et al 1988). This longstanding pattern of economic under performance changed in the mid 1990s with the advent of the ‘Celtic Tiger’ economic boom and during the decade which followed Ireland’s economic growth caught up with and then surpassed the western European average, employment and household disposable income grew radically and the Irish population expanded by 20 per cent (Clinch et al 2002).
爱尔兰共和国自第二次世界大战以来的经济、社会和人口历史在西欧是独特的。虽然她的许多邻国在战后几十年经历了强劲的经济和人口增长，为战后婴儿潮出生的一代人带来了前所未有的繁荣，但爱尔兰在20世纪50年代经历了经济停滞和人口下降，在20世纪60年代和70年代初经历了一段时间的增长，直到20世纪80年代恢复了传统的经济停滞模式(Kennedy et al 1988)。随着“凯尔特之虎”经济繁荣的到来，这种长期经济表现不佳的模式在20世纪90年代中期发生了变化，在随后的十年中，爱尔兰的经济增长赶上并超过了西欧平均水平，就业和家庭可支配收入大幅增长，爱尔兰人口增长了20% (Clinch et al 2002)。
{"title":"Young People's Trajectories through Irish Housing Booms and Busts: headship, housing and labour market access among the under 30s since the late 1960s","authors":"M. Norris, N. Winston","doi":"10.4324/9780203095096-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203095096-20","url":null,"abstract":"The economic, social and demographic history of the Republic of Ireland since World War II is distinctive in western European terms. While many of her neighbours experienced strong economic and population growth during the post war decades, resulting in unprecedented prosperity for the generation born during the post war baby boom, Ireland experienced economic stagnation and population decline during the 1950s, punctuated by a period of growth in the 1960s and early 1970s, until the traditional pattern of economic stagnation was reinstated in the 1980s (Kennedy et al 1988). This longstanding pattern of economic under performance changed in the mid 1990s with the advent of the ‘Celtic Tiger’ economic boom and during the decade which followed Ireland’s economic growth caught up with and then surpassed the western European average, employment and household disposable income grew radically and the Irish population expanded by 20 per cent (Clinch et al 2002).","PeriodicalId":166342,"journal":{"name":"Open Access publications","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121723790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the widespread popularity of the Solow growth model, much of the recent empirical work based on the classic framework misrepresents a crucial feature of the model. Namely, the growth rate of technological progress, assumed to be exogenous in the Solow model, is often identified as being constant across countries. This simplification of the behaviour of technological progress runs counter to the evidence and has had a number of significant implications for the interpretation of the Solow model. One implication has been an overemphasis on the role of factor accumulation in explaining cross-country income differentials. In addition, the commonly-cited empirical result that the speed of conditional convergence is slower than predicted by the Solow model is a function of this inaccurate assumption about technology rather than due to a failure of the model itself.
{"title":"Solow (1956) as a Model of Cross-Country Growth Dynamics","authors":"K. McQuinn, Karl Whelan","doi":"10.1093/OXREP/GRM009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/OXREP/GRM009","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the widespread popularity of the Solow growth model, much of the recent empirical work based on the classic framework misrepresents a crucial feature of the model. Namely, the growth rate of technological progress, assumed to be exogenous in the Solow model, is often identified as being constant across countries. This simplification of the behaviour of technological progress runs counter to the evidence and has had a number of significant implications for the interpretation of the Solow model. One implication has been an overemphasis on the role of factor accumulation in explaining cross-country income differentials. In addition, the commonly-cited empirical result that the speed of conditional convergence is slower than predicted by the Solow model is a function of this inaccurate assumption about technology rather than due to a failure of the model itself.","PeriodicalId":166342,"journal":{"name":"Open Access publications","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123246682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We review the recent performance of the Euro area economy, focusing in detail on the separate roles played by labour input, capital input, and total factor productivity (TFP). After a long period of catching up with US levels of labour productivity, Euro area productivity growth has, since the mid-1990s, fallen significantly behind. We show that this recent divergence has accelerated since 2000, and that this is mainly due to the poor rate of Euro area TFP growth. Based on prevailing trends, we estimate that potential output growth in the Euro area currently may be running as low as 1.5 percent per year. In addition, if TFP growth stays at recent levels, the output growth rate will decline further due to weaker capital deepening. To consider future Euro area prospects for growth, we examine a set of alternative scenarios, each of which posits a potential increase in a determinant of output growth. One of these scenarios focuses on the potential effects of greater labour market deregulation.
{"title":"Prospects for Growth in the Euro Area","authors":"K. McQuinn, Karl Whelan","doi":"10.1093/cesifo/ifn024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cesifo/ifn024","url":null,"abstract":"We review the recent performance of the Euro area economy, focusing in detail on the separate roles played by labour input, capital input, and total factor productivity (TFP). After a long period of catching up with US levels of labour productivity, Euro area productivity growth has, since the mid-1990s, fallen significantly behind. We show that this recent divergence has accelerated since 2000, and that this is mainly due to the poor rate of Euro area TFP growth. Based on prevailing trends, we estimate that potential output growth in the Euro area currently may be running as low as 1.5 percent per year. In addition, if TFP growth stays at recent levels, the output growth rate will decline further due to weaker capital deepening. To consider future Euro area prospects for growth, we examine a set of alternative scenarios, each of which posits a potential increase in a determinant of output growth. One of these scenarios focuses on the potential effects of greater labour market deregulation.","PeriodicalId":166342,"journal":{"name":"Open Access publications","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133627564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-06-01DOI: 10.7551/mitpress/4968.003.0016
C. Gráda
Title þÿ Y o u t a k e t h e h i g h r o a d a n d I l l t a k e t h e l o w r o a d : e c o n o m i c s u c c e s s a n d w e l l b e i n g i n t h e longer run Authors(s) Ó Gráda, Cormac Publication date 2005-06 Series UCD Centre for Economic Research Working Paper Series; WP05/10 Publisher University College Dublin; School of Economics Link to online version http://www.ucd.ie/economics/research/papers/2005/WP05.10.pdf Item record/more information http://hdl.handle.net/10197/472
片名þy y u o t a k e t h e h i g h d r o d a a n i洛杉矶洛杉矶t k e t h e l o w r o d a: c e o n c o m i s u c a c e s s n d w e l l b e i - n - g n t h e长本垒打Authors (s) o Grada,科马克出版日期2005-06系列短期UCD中心for Economic Research Paper)大赛;都柏林大学出版社10日;《经济学人》链接http://www.ucd.ie/economics/research/papers/2005/wp05,1010f项记录/更多信息http://hdl.handle.net/10197/472
{"title":"You take the high road and I’ll take the low road : economic success and wellbeing in the longer run","authors":"C. Gráda","doi":"10.7551/mitpress/4968.003.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/4968.003.0016","url":null,"abstract":"Title þÿ Y o u t a k e t h e h i g h r o a d a n d I l l t a k e t h e l o w r o a d : e c o n o m i c s u c c e s s a n d w e l l b e i n g i n t h e longer run Authors(s) Ó Gráda, Cormac Publication date 2005-06 Series UCD Centre for Economic Research Working Paper Series; WP05/10 Publisher University College Dublin; School of Economics Link to online version http://www.ucd.ie/economics/research/papers/2005/WP05.10.pdf Item record/more information http://hdl.handle.net/10197/472","PeriodicalId":166342,"journal":{"name":"Open Access publications","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126730078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-01DOI: 10.1162/0033553053970179
P. Devereux, Sandra E. Black, K. Salvanes
There is an extensive theoretical literature that postulates a trade-off between child quantity and quality within a family. However, there is little causal evidence that speaks to this theory. Using a rich data set on the entire population of Norway over an extended period of time, we examine the effects of family size and birth order on the educational attainment of children. We find a negative correlation between family size and children's education, but when we include indicators for birth order or use twin births as an instrument, family size effects become negligible. In addition, higher birth order has a significant and large negative effect on children's education. We also study adult earnings, employment, and teenage childbearing and find strong evidence for birth order effects with these outcomes, particularly among women. These findings suggest the need to revisit economic models of fertility and child "production," focusing not only on differences across families but differences within families as well.
{"title":"The more the merrier? The effect of family size and birth order on children's education","authors":"P. Devereux, Sandra E. Black, K. Salvanes","doi":"10.1162/0033553053970179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1162/0033553053970179","url":null,"abstract":"There is an extensive theoretical literature that postulates a trade-off between child quantity and quality within a family. However, there is little causal evidence that speaks to this theory. Using a rich data set on the entire population of Norway over an extended period of time, we examine the effects of family size and birth order on the educational attainment of children. We find a negative correlation between family size and children's education, but when we include indicators for birth order or use twin births as an instrument, family size effects become negligible. In addition, higher birth order has a significant and large negative effect on children's education. We also study adult earnings, employment, and teenage childbearing and find strong evidence for birth order effects with these outcomes, particularly among women. These findings suggest the need to revisit economic models of fertility and child \"production,\" focusing not only on differences across families but differences within families as well.","PeriodicalId":166342,"journal":{"name":"Open Access publications","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128312389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-04-01DOI: 10.1920/WP.IFS.2004.0408
Colm Harmon, Kevin Denny, V. O'sullivan
This paper uses the measures of basic skills (or functional literacy) in the International Adult Literacy Survey to examine the impact of education and basic skills on earnings across a large number of countries. We show that the estimated return to formal education is sensitive to the inclusion of these measures: excluding them biases the return to education upwards in many countries to a significant degree, usually 1 or 2 percentage points. In almost all countries, the test scores have a well-determined effect on earnings although there is considerable variation in the size of the effect. The highest returns to skills tend to be in English speaking countries. Comparing results across countries, the returns to education and the returns to basic skills are not correlated. The evidence suggests that there is considerable benefit in many countries for policy intervention to increase the skill levels of workers. This should not just be directed at dealing with low-skilled individuals – there are gains across the skills distribution.
{"title":"Education, earnings and skills: a multi-country comparison","authors":"Colm Harmon, Kevin Denny, V. O'sullivan","doi":"10.1920/WP.IFS.2004.0408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1920/WP.IFS.2004.0408","url":null,"abstract":"This paper uses the measures of basic skills (or functional literacy) in the International Adult Literacy Survey to examine the impact of education and basic skills on earnings across a large number of countries. We show that the estimated return to formal education is sensitive to the inclusion of these measures: excluding them biases the return to education upwards in many countries to a significant degree, usually 1 or 2 percentage points. In almost all countries, the test scores have a well-determined effect on earnings although there is considerable variation in the size of the effect. The highest returns to skills tend to be in English speaking countries. Comparing results across countries, the returns to education and the returns to basic skills are not correlated. The evidence suggests that there is considerable benefit in many countries for policy intervention to increase the skill levels of workers. This should not just be directed at dealing with low-skilled individuals – there are gains across the skills distribution.","PeriodicalId":166342,"journal":{"name":"Open Access publications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116869378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-04-01DOI: 10.4324/9780203073711-16
C. Gráda
{"title":"Irish agriculture after the Land War","authors":"C. Gráda","doi":"10.4324/9780203073711-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203073711-16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":166342,"journal":{"name":"Open Access publications","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114235306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-04-07DOI: 10.1920/WP.IFS.2000.0009
Kevin Denny, Colm Harmon, Sandra Redmond
In this paper a rich and innovative dataset, the International Adult Literacy Survey, is used to examine the impact of functional literacy on earnings. The IALS surveys 12 OECD countries and sub-regions via a consistent questionnaire and includes a number of tests of numeracy and literacy, as well as basic labour market information. This paper examines the effect of these skills on labour market earnings for the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, and for Great Britain. The estimates suggest that while ability has a role in determining earnings the dominant factor remains formal education. It is shown that, particularly for Great Britain, there is a positive interaction between the test score and education in determining earnings.
{"title":"Functional literacy, educational attainment and earnings : evidence from the international adult literacy survey","authors":"Kevin Denny, Colm Harmon, Sandra Redmond","doi":"10.1920/WP.IFS.2000.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1920/WP.IFS.2000.0009","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a rich and innovative dataset, the International Adult Literacy Survey, is used to examine the impact of functional literacy on earnings. The IALS surveys 12 OECD countries and sub-regions via a consistent questionnaire and includes a number of tests of numeracy and literacy, as well as basic labour market information. This paper examines the effect of these skills on labour market earnings for the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, and for Great Britain. The estimates suggest that while ability has a role in determining earnings the dominant factor remains formal education. It is shown that, particularly for Great Britain, there is a positive interaction between the test score and education in determining earnings.","PeriodicalId":166342,"journal":{"name":"Open Access publications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128681177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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