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Phonological Awareness and Letter Knowledge in Qurʾanic Reading: A-ba-ha-ta Method as a Case Study 古兰经阅读中的语音意识与字母知识:以a- ba-ha-ta方法为例
Pub Date : 2020-05-05 DOI: 10.1163/22321969-12340078
Z. Yusoff, R. Yusof, Muhammad Lukman Ibrahim
Phonological awareness and letter knowledge are essential elements needed for a person to be able to read and this includes the reading of the Quran. This study examined and explored the role of phonological awareness and letter knowledge, via A-ba-ha-ta method for teaching to read and write the Qurʾan. A-ba-ha-ta is a fast method to teach reading the Quran that uses a compilation of books structured aiming to instil the Quranic reading knowledge in 30 hours. Six students from different backgrounds took part in this case study. Their reading achievements were investigated based on the teaching for 30 hours within the duration of three weeks, three months and 1 year. The findings show that the students performed best when A-ba-ha-ta method was taught within the period of 3 months in an informal home setting. This is followed by the students taught within 1 year in a school setting and lastly the ones taught within three weeks in an informal school setting. Based on the findings, students who were taught with the A-ba-ha-ta method for three months’ period performed better in the assessment compared to those taught within three weeks and 1 year. Additionally, students who were taught within 1 year performed better in the assessment compared to those within three weeks.
语音意识和字母知识是一个人能够阅读的基本要素,这包括阅读《古兰经》。本研究通过A-ba-ha-ta方法,考察和探讨语音意识和字母知识在《古兰经》读写教学中的作用。a- ba-ha-ta是一种快速教授阅读《古兰经》的方法,它使用了一系列旨在在30小时内灌输《古兰经》阅读知识的书籍。来自不同背景的六名学生参与了这个案例研究。分别在3周、3个月和1年的教学时间内对学生进行30小时的阅读成绩调查。研究结果表明,在非正式的家庭环境中进行为期3个月的“A-ba-ha-ta”教学时,学生表现最佳。其次是在学校学习一年内的学生,最后是在非正式学校学习三周的学生。根据研究结果,用“A-ba-ha-ta”方法学习三个月的学生在评估中的表现优于用“A-ba-ha-ta”方法学习三周和一年的学生。此外,1年内接受教育的学生在评估中的表现优于3周内接受教育的学生。
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引用次数: 0
Christian-Muslim Relations: an Analysis of the Quranic Articulation of Christian Friendliness to Muslims 基督教与穆斯林的关系:《古兰经》中基督教对穆斯林友好的表述分析
Pub Date : 2019-06-26 DOI: 10.1163/22321969-12340068
T. Islam
The Quranic discourse on Christians is paradoxical because its narratives express both compliments and condemnation, reproach and rapprochement. Scholars debate the sentiments behind the Quranic assertion that Christians are “certainly nearest in friendship” to the Muslim believers (Q 5:82). While some believe that this forms an incentive for rapprochement between Muslims and Christians, others interpret it in completely the opposite way. As such, this study aims to answer the fundamental question of whether Christian-Muslim friendship is possible. To come to a conclusion, it will examine the pros and cons of Christian-Muslim friendship that are detailed in both classical and modern exegeses concerning the nature of such friendship, the reasons behind it, and the identity of the friendly Christians mentioned in the Quran. It is expected that the result of this study will contribute to revising current understanding of Christian-Muslim relations.
《古兰经》对基督徒的论述是自相矛盾的,因为它的叙述既表达了赞美也表达了谴责,既表达了责备也表达了和解。学者们争论古兰经断言基督徒与穆斯林信徒“当然是最亲密的朋友”背后的情感(古兰经5:82)。虽然有些人认为这形成了穆斯林和基督徒之间和解的动机,但其他人则以完全相反的方式解释。因此,这项研究旨在回答一个基本问题,即基督教与穆斯林之间的友谊是否可能。为了得出结论,本文将考察基督教与穆斯林友谊的利弊,古典和现代的训诂学都详细阐述了这种友谊的性质、背后的原因,以及古兰经中提到的友好基督徒的身份。预期本研究结果将有助于修正目前对基督教与穆斯林关系的认识。
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引用次数: 1
The Relationship between the Letters of Al-Iḫlāṣ (Q 112:1-4) and Their Iterations Using B-Spline Function 用b样条函数求Al-Iḫlāṣ (Q 112:1-4)的字母与其迭代的关系
Pub Date : 2019-06-26 DOI: 10.1163/22321969-12340070
Faoziya S.M. Musbah
Al-Iḫlāṣ is an important chapter within the Holy Quran (words of God) because it is a brief declaration of the absolute unity of God (Allah). This paper analyzes al-Iḫlāṣ mathematically in order to gain an understanding of the relationship between the letters of this chapter and their iterations. The analyzed two-dimensional data points (xi,yi) define a piecewise linear curve that is shaped like Allah’s name as it is written in Arabic. The B-spline function is used to analyze this data so as to obtain a second degree curve.
Al-Iḫlāṣ是《古兰经》(真主的话语)中重要的一章,因为它简短地宣告了真主(安拉)的绝对统一。本文对al-Iḫlāṣ进行了数学分析,以了解本章字母及其迭代之间的关系。被分析的二维数据点(xi,yi)定义了一条分段线性曲线,形状像阿拉的名字,因为它是用阿拉伯语写的。利用b样条函数对该数据进行分析,得到二次曲线。
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引用次数: 0
Muḥammad’s Conversations with the Bedouin: a Speech-Act Analysis of Prophetic Discourse in Hadith Muḥammad与贝都因人的对话:对圣训中先知话语的言语-行为分析
Pub Date : 2019-06-26 DOI: 10.1163/22321969-12340067
M. Kasmani, Sofia Hayati Yusoff, Osama Kanaker
Speech-act theory allows us to study how words have an impact in real life and the performative nature of words. At the same time, it can also contribute to an understanding of communication style and communication strategy. In this article, speech-act theory is applied to the conversations of Prophet Muḥammad with the Bedouin in two ways. First, the speech acts of the Prophet are analyzed using the categories put forward by John Searle to see how they function within the conversation. Second, the illocutionary force of an utterance and its perlocutionary effect – based on words and expressions that the Prophet used in his utterances – are examined to discover patterns in his communication strategy towards the Bedouin.
言语行为理论使我们能够研究词语在现实生活中的影响以及词语的表现性。同时,它也有助于理解沟通风格和沟通策略。本文从两个方面将言语行为理论应用于先知Muḥammad与贝都因人的对话。首先,使用John Searle提出的分类来分析先知的言语行为,以了解它们在对话中的作用。其次,基于先知在他的话语中使用的词语和表达,研究了话语的言外力量及其言外效果,以发现他对贝都因人的沟通策略模式。
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引用次数: 1
Quranic Messages on Environmental Sustainability: an Expository Study of Its Relevance 《古兰经》关于环境可持续性的信息:对其相关性的解释性研究
Pub Date : 2019-06-26 DOI: 10.1163/22321969-12340069
Asmawati Muhamad, Abdul Halim Syihab, M. Achour
The contemporary discourse of environmental sustainability has many values embedded in the teachings of the Quran and Sunna. The general outlook of the Quranic paradigm on utilizing the natural environment is based on the prohibition of aggression and misuse, as well as being founded on ideas of construction and sustainability. Unfortunately, in the contemporary world the Muslim community fails to pay sufficient attention to the relevant instructions in the Quran and Sunna. Thus, this article attempts to expand on key concepts within the Quran and Sunna which reveal the most important values for environmental sustainability. The research methodology employed in this paper is an analytical study of a number of Quranic verses with a particular focus on tafsīr bi al-maʾṯūr (explanation based on hadith), tafsīr bi al-raʾyi (explanation based on reason), and historical narrative. In short, this paper brings to light the importance of relevant classical and contemporary Quran and Sunna studies for improving human-nature relations and coexistence.
当代关于环境可持续性的论述在《古兰经》和《圣训》的教义中蕴含着许多价值。《古兰经》关于利用自然环境的范式的总体观点是基于禁止侵略和滥用,以及建立在建设和可持续性的思想之上。不幸的是,在当代世界,穆斯林社会未能充分重视《古兰经》和《逊那》中的相关教诲。因此,本文试图扩展《古兰经》和《圣训》中揭示环境可持续性最重要价值的关键概念。本文采用的研究方法是对一些古兰经经文进行分析研究,特别关注基于圣训的解释ṯūr、基于理性的解释和历史叙述。总之,本文揭示了古兰经和圣训的相关古典和当代研究对于改善人与自然的关系和共存的重要性。
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引用次数: 2
Fever in the Perspective of Hadith and Malay Medical Manuscript: an Analysis on Kitab Bermacam-Macam Khasiat 圣训与马来医学手稿视角下的发烧:《基塔布·伯玛卡姆-玛卡姆·哈夏特》分析
Pub Date : 2019-06-26 DOI: 10.1163/22321969-12340071
N. Fauzi, Khadher Ahmad, Wan Nur Farahdalila Wan Kamaruzaman
Fever is one of the body’s natural responses to any virus or bacterial infection. In the hadith, fever is described as being a compassionate spark made from fire, proof of which is that fever is caused by body heat. Using both inductive and deductive methodologies, this article seeks to provide a comparative examination of fever from the perspective both of hadith and of the discussions contained within a Malay medical text. This study, on the sources of al-Kutub al-sitta, has found that there are nine hadiths that expound on fever and its treatment, and that these can be divided into two main types: [1] those that view fever as a disease and then show the most suitable methods for treatment, including treatment techniques, the reading of appropriate ruqya, and the most suitable materials for so doing; and [2] those that present fever as being the eternal removal of sin by Allah. On the other hand, the Malay medical manuscript Kitab Bermacam-Macam Khasiat explains fever and its various types, how to treat fever using herbs, and its use as a means for healing. From the similarities between the hadith that are discussed here and the Malay medical text, it can be seen that the primary means for treating fever is through the use of water. In terms of medical philosophy, the Prophet SAW gave and emphasised a single-compound treatment method, whereas Malay medical manuscripts place more emphasis on mixed-compound treatments. In order to explain the hadith, our analysis has found that it is suggested that prayers or specific ruqya in which our submission of hope to Allah are employed, while Malay medical manuscripts help highlight the experience and knowledge of herbal remedies within the community and how such treatments have been passed from one generation to the next.
发烧是人体对任何病毒或细菌感染的自然反应之一。在圣训中,发烧被描述为由火产生的富有同情心的火花,这证明发烧是由体温引起的。使用归纳和演绎的方法,本文试图从圣训和马来医学文本中包含的讨论的角度提供发烧的比较检查。本研究对al-Kutub al-sitta的来源进行了研究,发现有九篇圣训阐述了发烧及其治疗方法,这些圣训可分为两种主要类型:[1]一类将发烧视为一种疾病,然后展示了最合适的治疗方法,包括治疗技术、适当的ruqya阅读和最合适的治疗材料;[2]以发烧为真主永远赦罪的人。另一方面,马来医学手稿Kitab Bermacam-Macam Khasiat解释了发烧及其各种类型,如何使用草药治疗发烧,以及将其作为一种治疗手段。从这里讨论的圣训和马来医学文献之间的相似之处可以看出,治疗发烧的主要手段是通过使用水。在医学哲学方面,先知SAW给出并强调单一复合治疗方法,而马来医学手稿更强调混合复合治疗。为了解释圣训,我们的分析发现,有人建议使用祷文或特定的祷文来表达我们对安拉的希望,而马来医学手稿有助于突出社区内草药疗法的经验和知识,以及这些治疗方法如何代代相传。
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引用次数: 1
Grammatical Issues Integrated with Quranic Exegesis and Their Impact on Meaning: A Critical Study of the Commentary on Sūrat al-Nisāʾ 《可兰经》的语法问题结合注释及其影响的意义:一个关键的研究评论年代ū鼠al-Nisāʾ
Pub Date : 2018-10-29 DOI: 10.1163/22321969-12340062
Yehudit Dror
This study focuses on the grammatical content of six Quranic exegeses dating from the fourth/tenth to the seventh/thirteenth centuries (see section 1.3). The idea of exploring grammatical aspects of Quranic exegeses is not new in modern research, yet a complete analysis based on a large corpus devoted to the collection, classification, and analysis of the grammatical content of Quranic exegeses is still lacking. This study is limited to an examination of commentaries on sūrat al-nisāʾ. In these, two types of grammatical comments can be distinguished. The first are “formal comments”, in which the commentators conduct a morphological and/or syntactical analysis of various components. Such comments usually include an explicit grammatical term, and most of these have been addressed by traditional grammarians. The second type are “functional comments”. These concern issues that are less common in classical grammatical descriptions, such as agreement, coherence, pragmatics, and other related matters. Usually in these types of comments, no syntactical term is mentioned, although such explanations make important grammatical contributions.
本研究的重点是四/十世纪到七/十三世纪的六部《古兰经》注释的语法内容(见1.3节)。在现代研究中,探索《古兰经》训诂学语法方面的思想并不新鲜,但基于大量语料库对《古兰经》训诂学的语法内容进行收集、分类和分析的完整分析仍然缺乏。这项研究仅限于对sūrat al- nisal - nisa - nah的评论的审查。其中,可以区分出两种类型的语法注释。第一种是“正式评论”,在这种评论中,评论员对各种成分进行形态和/或句法分析。这样的评论通常包括一个明确的语法术语,其中大多数已经由传统的语法学家解决了。第二种类型是“功能注释”。这些涉及在经典语法描述中不太常见的问题,如一致性、连贯性、语用学和其他相关问题。通常在这些类型的评论中,没有提到语法术语,尽管这些解释在语法上做出了重要的贡献。
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引用次数: 3
Dating Hadith Textual Transposition by Means of Sanad-cum-matn Analysis 用sanad - and -matn分析法确定圣训文本移位的年代
Pub Date : 2018-10-29 DOI: 10.1163/22321969-12340061
Mohammad Said Mitwally Ar-Rahawan
A “transposed tradition” (al-hadiṯ al-maqlūb) is defined by Muslim traditionists as a hadith whose isnād is grafted to a different text or vice versa, or a hadith whose reporter reversed the order of a sentence within the text. The former is called maqlūb al-isnād, where an inversion occurs in the chain of transmission, while the latter is termed maqlūb al-matn, where an inversion occurs in the order of a sentence or a number of sentences within a text. This paper seeks to specify the date of hadith textual transpositions by using sanad-cum-matn analysis, an approach which employs intensive study of both isnād and textual analysis of hadith variants and has recently proved to be an effective tool for dating single traditions. It also attempts to identify who was responsible for transposing the text and at what stage of transmission a change occurred. On the basis of the answers to these questions, we can test the applicability and efficacy of sanad-cum-matn analysis as a research tool for uncovering hadith textual interpolations.
“转置的传统”(al- hadih al-maqlūb)被穆斯林传统主义者定义为isnād被嫁接到另一个文本的圣训,反之亦然,或者传述者颠倒了文本中句子的顺序。前者被称为maqlūb al-isnād,倒装发生在传递链中,而后者被称为maqlūb al-matn,倒装发生在一个句子或几个句子在一个文本中的顺序。本文试图通过使用sanad- and -matn分析来指定圣训文本转换的日期,这种方法采用了对isnād和圣训变体的文本分析的深入研究,最近被证明是确定单一传统日期的有效工具。它还试图确定谁负责调换文本,以及在传播的哪个阶段发生了变化。在回答这些问题的基础上,我们可以检验sanad- and -matn分析作为揭示圣训文本内插的研究工具的适用性和有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Qurʾanic Terminology: A Linguistic and Semantic Analysis, written by Balil Abd al-Karim 《古兰经术语:语言学和语义分析》,作者:Balil Abd al-Karim
Pub Date : 2018-10-29 DOI: 10.1163/22321969-12340066
G. Wani
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引用次数: 0
“Wuqūf al-Tarāqub” in the Holy Qur’an and Its Impact on the Indication of Meaning: Al-Baqarah Chapter as a Case Study 《古兰经》中的“Wuqūf al-Tarāqub”及其对意义指示的影响——以Al-Baqarah章为例
Pub Date : 2018-10-29 DOI: 10.1163/22321969-12340065
Ahmad Abdullah Abu al-Haj Thabet, Abdulelah Hazea, M. Z. Yusof
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Al-Bayān – Journal of Qurʾān and Ḥadīth Studies
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