Journal of oral science最新文献

Purpose: Non-vital teeth usually exhibit substantial loss of coronal and radicular tooth structure, and use of posts after root canal treatment is controversial. This review examined whether placement of posts influences clinical behavior and survival probability of endodontically treated teeth (ETT).

Methods: An electronic search, without time restrictions, for publications written in English was undertaken in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Terms related to four main components (endodontically treated teeth, fixed prosthesis, post restoration, and survival rate) were used for the database search strategies.

Results: 57 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative analysis. Of the publications chosen for qualitative analysis, 17 clinical studies (11 prospective and 6 retrospective studies) were found to be suitable for quantitative analysis. These studies included 7,278 patients (7,330 ETT), with a mean age ± standard deviation (SD) of 45.46 ± 12.1 years. There was a statistically significant difference in survival rate between ETT with or without posts (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: As compared with teeth with no posts, post placement on ETT may improve clinical performance and survival probability of endodontically treated teeth.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the accessory root canal morphology of maxillary first molars in a Black South African subpopulation.

Methods: Micro-computed tomography was used to investigate 101 maxillary first molars (from 50 male and 51 female teeth, right 53 teeth, left 48 teeth). The prevalence of chamber canals, and the number, type and location (root third) of accessory canals were recorded. The relationships between arch side, sex and age were examined using chi-squared tests of association. Intra- and inter-observer reliability were assessed using Cohen's kappa test.

Results: Intra- and inter-rater agreement was 96.9% and 98.1%, respectively. Variations in accessory root canal anatomy according to side, sex and age were evident. Chamber canals were identified in 10.9% of teeth. Accessory canals were found mainly in the apical third of most teeth in the sample, and distributed predominantly in the mesio-buccal root. Apical deltas were most prevalent in the mesio-buccal root, and their frequency decreased in the palatal and then finally the disto-buccal root.

Conclusion: Accessory root canals were common in this population, and showed a diverse range of anatomy. The present findings will be of assistance to clinicians during endodontic treatment and will also be valuable for educational purposes.

The aim of this cross-sectional convenience sample survey was to assess attitudes of French dentists regarding stage III-IV grade C periodontitis in systemically healthy individuals. Among 225 dentists, 85.1% informed patients of the familial nature of periodontitis including 27.3% that recommended a consultation for the family. When dealing with a child who presented with severe periodontitis, 42.2% of the respondents did not advise examination of the parents. In addition, 39.1% of practitioners did not consider it possible to establish a family consultation. Finally, family factors are not often considered by French practitioners in the management of grade C periodontitis.

This clinical report summarizes a workflow that introduces two approaches for fabricating a metal framework removable partial denture for a marginal mandibulectomy patient. First, the pre-existing denture was adjusted according to the piezographic technique to determine the optimal configuration for adhering to the available denture space. Second, computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology was used to fabricate a new removable partial denture by digitally scanning the oral condition and the well-adjusted denture and then using the obtained data to design and fabricate the new denture. These two approaches can help to reduce chair time not only for maxillofacial prosthetic treatment but also for other denture cases.

Purpose: To determine and compare the cytotoxicity, odontoblast-like differentiation, shear bond strength (SBS) and Vickers microhardness of four commercial light-cured orthodontic adhesives.

Methods: The orthodontic resins selected were Transbond XT - GI, Transbond Plus Color Change - GII (both from 3M Unitek), Enlight - GIII and Blugloo - GIV (both from Ormco). Samples were prepared, and leached monomers were obtained. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and deposited calcium was analyzed using Alizarin red staining (ARS). SBS and the adhesive remnant index (ARI) were determined using 120 human premolars. The Vickers microhardness test was performed on the resin discs.

Results: All adhesives showed moderate to severe cytotoxicity (21-37%) and promoted similar formation of calcium deposits. A SBS of 6-8 MPa was achieved only by Blugloo (7.1 ± 2.4 MPa), and Enlight showed the lowest Vickers hardness score (40 ± 2.5 HV). Transbond Plus Color Change (score 0 = 42.9%) and Blugloo (score 0 = 46.4%) showed better ARI scores than Transbond XT (score 0 = 7.1%) and Enlight (score 0 = 3.6%).

Conclusion: On the basis of the properties evaluated, Blugloo seems to be the best option.

Purpose: This study evaluated transportation and extruded debris during preparation using different instruments.

Methods: Sixty resin blocks with S-shaped canals and 60 extracted teeth were separated into four groups (n = 15), which were instrumented with Reciproc Blue, XP-endo Shaper, WaveOne Gold, and Twisted File Adaptive. For evaluating transportation, pre- and post-preparation images were obtained under a stereomicroscope and superimposed with digital software. The distance between the inner and outer canal walls was measured. For the evaluation of debris extrusion, the samples were placed in Eppendorf tubes and instrumented using one of the four rotary files. The initial weight was subtracted from the post-instrumentation weight to determine the amount of extruded debris. The Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn multiple tests were performed.

Results: For transportation, no significant difference was found between the XP-endo Shaper-Twisted File Adaptive systems and between Reciproc Blue-WaveOne Gold groups (P > 0.05). The XP-endo Shaper and Twisted File Adaptive techniques led to significantly less transportation compared to the other systems (P < 0.05). Regarding debris extrusion, the XP-endo Shaper system extruded significantly less debris than the other groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: XP-endo Shaper extruded less debris compared to other groups, while XP-endo Shaper and Twisted File Adaptive caused less transportation than other files.

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the root canal anatomy of maxillary first molars in Black South Africans.

Methods: Micro-computed tomography was used to investigate 101 maxillary first molars (53 teeth from the right, 48 from the left; 50 male and 51 female teeth). The number of root canals in each tooth was determined, and the relationship between side, sex and age was analyzed using chi-squared test. To determine intra- and inter-observer reliability, Cohen's kappa coefficients were calculated.

Results: Intra- and inter-rater agreements of 96.92% and 98.08% were achieved, respectively. Most teeth contained either three or four canals, but a second, third and fourth mesio-buccal canal was found in 60.39%, 5.94% and 0.99% of teeth, respectively. The disto-buccal and palatal roots contained predominantly single canals, but additional canals were noted in 2.97% and 1.98% of teeth. Four canals were common in females and teeth on the right side often contained a second mesio-buccal canal. However, the prevalence of a third mesio-buccal canal was higher in males than in females.

Conclusion: The teeth studied showed diversity and variations between sexes and arch sides. These findings will aid clinicians in endodontic treatment and will be applicable for educational purposes.

Purpose: To identify and measure the distance from the dental apices to the mandibular (MC) and mandibular incisive (MIC) canals, the diameter of the MC and the distances of the mental foramen (MF).

Methods: In this retrospective study, cone-beam computed tomography scans of 144 adult patients (males and females) from a dental school in South Brazil were evaluated. Cross-sections were selected on the MC and the MIC paths, perpendicular to the mandibular base, and measurements were taken from the dental apices to the mandibular cortices. The measurement and location of the mandibular and mental foramen on both sides were compared. Paired t-tests compared sides, while Student's t-tests compared sexes (P < 0.05).

Results: The distance from the dental apices to the upper wall of the MC was closest in the third molar and farthest in the central incisor region. In both sexes and sides, the path of the MC is in most cases lingually in the molar regions and moves to the buccal region from the second premolar. The MF emerges in the regions between the premolars or near the second premolar.

Conclusion: The results of this study highlight the importance of evaluating specific individual characteristics of a given population.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the surface properties and bacterial adhesion of computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorative materials.

Methods: Four CAD-CAM resin-based blocks (Vita Enamic, Shofu block HC, Cerasmart [CS] and Lava Ultimate [LU]) and a leucite-reinforced glass ceramic block (IPS Empress CAD) were used in the present study. Specimens prepared with dimensions of 10 × 10 × 1 mm were polished. Surface characteristics were assessed with hydrophobicity and surface free energy (SFE) analysis. Surface roughness was measured using a profilometer, and elemental and topographic evaluations were performed with SEM-EDX analysis. After being kept in artificial saliva for 1 h, Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Streptococcus mitis (S. mitis) were incubated separately in 5% CO₂ atmosphere at 37°C for 24 h. The adhered bacteria were counted as ×10⁸ CFU/mL.

Results: Surface roughness, contact angle and SFE measurement values were found to be in the range of 0.144-0.264 Ra, 28.362°-70.074° and 39.65-63.62 mN/m, respectively. The highest adhered amount of S. mutans was found in CS and the lowest in LU, while there was no significant difference between the amounts of adhered S. mitis.

Conclusion: Despite differences in the surface properties of the materials used for the study, the materials exhibited identical properties with respect to bacterial adhesion.

Purpose: Desquamative gingivitis (DG) is characterized by desquamative erosion, edematous erythema, and vesicle formation on the gingiva. Because of its prevalence in women during the pre- and postmenopausal period, its potential association with female hormones has been suggested. Equol is a soy isoflavone metabolite with a chemical structure similar to estrogen. Scientific evidence suggests that equol helps in alleviating menopausal symptoms. This study evaluated the clinical effect of a 12-month equol supplementation as a substitute for estrogen to alleviate DG symptoms.

Methods: The study enrolled 16 women with DG who regularly visited Nihon University School of Dentistry Dental Hospital. Urinary equol levels, periodontal tissue examination, O’Leary’s plaque control record, stimulated saliva flow rate, and gingival pain-related questionnaires were evaluated before and after the 12-month daily intake of 10 mg equol supplement.

Results: Equol supplementation led to a statistically significant improvement in bleeding on probing, visual findings, and reductions in the frequency and severity of gingival pain.

Conclusion: Urinary equol testing and equol supplementation may be novel treatment options for female patients with DG.