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CD1530, selective RARγ agonist, facilitates Achilles tendon healing by modulating the healing environment including less chondrification in a mouse model CD1530是一种选择性RARγ激动剂,可通过调节小鼠模型的愈合环境(包括减少软骨化)促进跟腱愈合。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1002/jor.26006
Dilimulati Yimiti, Kenta Uchibe, Minoru Toriyama, Yuta Hayashi, Yasunari Ikuta, Tomoyuki Nakasa, Haruhiko Akiyama, Hitomi Watanabe, Gen Kondoh, Aki Takimoto, Chisa Shukunami, Nobuo Adachi, Shigeru Miyaki

Heterotopic ossification (HO) in Achilles tendon often arises due to endochondral ossification during the healing process following trauma. Retinoic acid receptor γ (RARγ) plays a critical role in this phenomenon. This study aims to elucidate the therapeutic effects of CD1530, an RARγ selective agonist, along with the contributing cells, in Achilles tendon healing, utilizing a cell lineage tracing system. Local injection of CD1530 facilitated histological tendon healing by inhibiting chondrification in a mouse Achilles rupture model. Resident Scleraxis (Scx)+ cells in Achilles tendon were not found to be actively involved in HO or tendon healing following injury. Instead, these processes were primarily driven by tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPC)-like cells. Furthermore, an in vitro assay revealed that CD1530 attenuated inflammation in injured Achilles tendon-derived tendon fibroblasts (iATF) and inhibited the chondrogenesis of iATF. This dual effect suggests the potential of CD1530 in effectively modulating the healing environment during tendon healing. Together, the present study demonstrated that the local administration of CD1530 accelerated tendon healing by modulating the healing environment, including reducing chondrification via targeting TSPC-like cells in a mouse Achilles tendon rupture model. These results suggest that CD1530 may have the potential to be a novel tendon therapy that offers benefits via the inhibition of chondrogenesis.

跟腱异位骨化(HO)通常是由于创伤后愈合过程中的软骨内骨化引起的。视黄酸受体γ(RARγ)在这一现象中起着关键作用。本研究旨在利用细胞系追踪系统,阐明 CD1530(一种 RARγ 选择性激动剂)和相关细胞对跟腱愈合的治疗作用。在小鼠跟腱断裂模型中,局部注射 CD1530 可抑制软骨化,从而促进组织学肌腱愈合。研究发现,跟腱中的常住硬轴(Scx)+细胞并没有积极参与损伤后的HO或肌腱愈合。相反,这些过程主要由肌腱干/祖细胞(TSPC)样细胞驱动。此外,体外试验显示,CD1530可减轻损伤跟腱衍生肌腱成纤维细胞(iATF)的炎症反应,并抑制iATF的软骨形成。这种双重效应表明,CD1530 有可能在肌腱愈合过程中有效调节愈合环境。综上所述,本研究表明,在小鼠跟腱断裂模型中,局部给药 CD1530 可通过调节愈合环境加速肌腱愈合,包括通过靶向 TSPC 类细胞减少软骨化。这些结果表明,CD1530有可能成为一种新型肌腱疗法,通过抑制软骨生成而带来益处。
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引用次数: 0
A 4D time-lapse morphometry method to quantify bone formation and resorption during distraction osteogenesis 在牵引成骨过程中量化骨形成和吸收的四维延时形态测量法。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1002/jor.26008
Sishun Pu, Ruisen Fu, David Bertrand, Bettina M. Willie, Haisheng Yang

Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is widely utilized for treating limb length discrepancy, nonunion, bone deformities and defects. This study sought to develop a 4D time-lapse morphometry method to quantify bone formation and resorption in mouse femur during DO based on image registration of longitudinal in vivo micro-CT scans. Female C57BL/6 mice (n = 7) underwent osteotomy, followed by 5 days of latency, 10 days of distraction and 35 days of consolidation. The mice were scanned with micro-CT at Days 5, 15, 25, 35, 45, and 50. Histological sectioning and Movat Pentachrome straining were performed at Day 50. After registration of two consecutive micro-CT images of the same bone (day x and day y), the spatially- and temporally-linked sequences of formation, resorption and quiescent bones at the distraction gap were identified and bone formation and resorption rates (BFRdayx-y and BRRdayx-y) were calculated. The overall percentage error of the registration method was 2.98% ± 0.89% and there was a strong correlation between histologically-measured bone area fraction and micro-CT-determined bone volume fraction at Day 50 (r = 0.89, p < 0.05). The 4D time-lapse morphometry indicated a rapid bone formation during the first 10 days of the consolidation phase (BFRday15–25 = 0.14 ± 0.05 mm3/day), followed by callus reshaping via equivalent bone formation and resorption rates. The 4D time-lapse morphometry method developed in this study allows for a continuous quantitative monitoring of the dynamic process of bone formation and resorption following distraction, which may offer a better understanding of the mechanism for mechano-regulated bone regeneration and aid for development of new treatment strategies of DO.

牵引成骨(DO)被广泛用于治疗肢体长度不一致、骨不连、骨畸形和缺损。本研究试图开发一种四维延时形态测量法,根据纵向活体显微CT扫描的图像配准,量化小鼠股骨在牵引成骨过程中的骨形成和骨吸收。雌性 C57BL/6 小鼠(n = 7)接受截骨术,然后是 5 天的潜伏期、10 天的牵引期和 35 天的巩固期。分别在第 5、15、25、35、45 和 50 天对小鼠进行 micro-CT 扫描。在第 50 天进行组织切片和 Movat Pentachrome 染色。对同一骨骼的两张连续 micro-CT 图像(第 x 天和第 y 天)进行配准后,确定牵引间隙处骨骼形成、吸收和静止的空间和时间关联序列,并计算骨骼形成率和吸收率(BFRdayx-y 和 BRRdayx-y)。登记方法的总体百分比误差为 2.98% ± 0.89%,在第 50 天时,组织学测量的骨面积分数与 micro-CT 确定的骨体积分数之间有很强的相关性(r = 0.89,p day15-25 = 0.14 ± 0.05 mm3/天),随后通过等效的骨形成和吸收率进行胼胝体重塑。本研究开发的四维延时形态测量法可对牵引后骨形成和吸收的动态过程进行连续定量监测,从而更好地了解机械调控骨再生的机制,并有助于开发新的 DO 治疗策略。
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引用次数: 0
Learning on a Limb: An outreach module to engage high school students in orthopaedics 肢体学习:让高中生参与矫形外科的拓展模块。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1002/jor.26010
Christopher J. Panebianco, Tala F. Azar, Michael P. Duffy, Madhura P. Nijsure, Emily Sharp, Margaret K. Tamburro, Michael Hast, Eileen M. Shore, Robert L. Mauck, Louis J. Soslowsky, Jamie R. Shuda, Sarah E. Gullbrand

Orthopaedic researchers need new strategies for engaging underrepresented minority (URM) students. Our field has demonstrated noticeable gaps in racial, ethnic, and gender diversity, which inhibit our ability to innovate and combat the severe socioeconomic burden of musculoskeletal disorders. Towards this goal, we designed, implemented, and evaluated Learning on a Limb (LoaL), an orthopaedic research outreach module to teach URM high school students about orthopaedic research. During the 4-h module, students completed hands-on activities to learn how biomechanical testing, microcomputed tomography, cell culture, and histology are used in orthopaedic research. Over 3 years, we recruited 32 high school students from the Greater Philadelphia Area to participate in LoaL. Most participants identified as racial/ethnic or gender minorities in orthopaedic research. Using pre/post-tests, we found that students experienced significant learning gains of 51 percentage points from completing LoaL. In addition to teaching students about orthopaedic research, post-survey data demonstrated that participating in LoaL strongly influenced students' interest in orthopaedic research and scientific confidence. Several students acted on this interest by completing summer research experiences in the McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory at the University of Pennsylvania. LoaL instructors also benefited by having the opportunity to “pay it forward” to the next generation of students and build community within their department. Empowering institutions to host modules like LoaL would synergistically inspire URM high school students and strengthen community within orthopaedic departments to ultimately enhance orthopaedic research innovations.

骨科研究人员需要新的策略来吸引代表性不足的少数民族(URM)学生。我们的领域在种族、民族和性别多样性方面存在着明显的差距,这阻碍了我们的创新能力和应对肌肉骨骼疾病所带来的严重社会经济负担的能力。为了实现这一目标,我们设计、实施并评估了 "肢体上的学习"(LoaL)这一骨科研究外展模块,向少数民族高中生传授骨科研究方面的知识。在这个为期 4 小时的模块中,学生们通过实践活动了解生物力学测试、微计算机断层扫描、细胞培养和组织学在骨科研究中的应用。在 3 年时间里,我们从大费城地区招募了 32 名高中生参加 LoaL。大多数参与者在骨科研究中被认定为种族/族裔或性别少数群体。通过前/后测试,我们发现学生在完成 LoaL 课程后,学习成绩显著提高了 51 个百分点。除了向学生传授骨科研究方面的知识外,后期调查数据还表明,参加 LoaL 极大地影响了学生对骨科研究的兴趣和科学自信心。一些学生根据这种兴趣,在宾夕法尼亚大学麦凯骨科研究实验室完成了暑期研究体验。LoaL 的指导教师也受益匪浅,因为他们有机会向下一代学生 "传道授业解惑",并在自己的系内建立社区。授权机构主办类似 LoaL 这样的模块,可以协同激励统招高中生,并加强骨科部门内的社区建设,最终促进骨科研究的创新。
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引用次数: 0
Extracellular vesicles from cartilage progenitors stimulate type II collagen expression and wound healing in meniscal cells 软骨祖细胞的细胞外囊泡可刺激半月板细胞中 II 型胶原蛋白的表达和伤口愈合。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1002/jor.26013
Daniel J. Betensky, Maxwell D. Chen, Jay Trivedi, Salomi Desai, John Twomey-Kozak, Sicheng Wen, Chathuraka T. Jayasuriya

Knee meniscus tearing is a common orthopaedic injury that can heal poorly if left untreated, increasing the risk of post-traumatic Osteoarthritis. Intraarticular injection of human cartilage-derived progenitor cells (CPCs) has been shown to promote meniscus healing after injury. However, the mechanism by which CPCs stimulated this effect was unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the paracrine effects that CPC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have on native meniscal cells during healing. EVs from human CPCs and marrow-derived stromal cells were isolated via ultracentrifugation. EVs produced by each cell type were quantified, and their sizes were determined via NanoSight. EV protein expression was characterized via western blot. Meniscal fibrochondrocyte cellular metabolic activity (as an indicator of cell viability and proliferation) following treatment with EVs, was quantified using MTT and ATP assays. A 2D wound healing assay was used to determine the effects of treating inner meniscal fibrochondrocytes with EVs in a dose-dependent manner. Gene expression analysis for chondrogenesis genes was performed via RT-qPCR on inner meniscal fibrochondrocytes following treatment with EVs. Our results showed that CPCs produced a wide size range of EVs expressing CD9, CD81, and HSP70. Treatment of inner meniscal fibrochondrocytes with CPC-EVs improved 2D wound healing, in comparison to EVs isolated from marrow-derived stromal cell controls. CPC-EV treatment increased Type II Collagen mRNA expression in inner meniscal fibrochondrocytes. These findings demonstrate that CPC-EVs stimulate chondrogenic matrix production and wound healing in meniscal cells at the optimal dose of 1.0 × 107 particles/mL, significantly outperforming the effects of marrow stromal cell-derived EVs.

膝关节半月板撕裂是一种常见的骨科损伤,如果不及时治疗,愈合不良,会增加创伤后骨关节炎的风险。已证明关节内注射人软骨源性祖细胞(CPCs)可促进损伤后半月板的愈合。然而,CPCs 促成这种效果的机制尚不清楚。本研究旨在确定 CPC 衍生的细胞外囊泡 (EV) 在愈合过程中对原生半月板细胞的旁分泌效应。研究人员通过超速离心从人类 CPC 和骨髓基质细胞中分离出 EVs。对每种细胞类型产生的 EV 进行量化,并通过 NanoSight 确定其大小。通过 Western 印迹鉴定 EV 蛋白表达。使用 MTT 和 ATP 检测法对 EV 处理后的半月板纤维软骨细胞的细胞代谢活性(作为细胞活力和增殖的指标)进行量化。二维伤口愈合试验用于确定用 EVs 处理内半月板纤维软骨细胞的剂量依赖性效果。用 EVs 处理半月板内纤维软骨细胞后,通过 RT-qPCR 对软骨生成基因进行了基因表达分析。我们的结果表明,CPCs 产生的 EVs 大小范围很广,表达 CD9、CD81 和 HSP70。与从骨髓基质细胞中分离出的 EVs 对照组相比,用 CPC-EVs 处理内半月板纤维软骨细胞可改善二维伤口愈合。CPC-EV处理增加了内半月板纤维软骨细胞中II型胶原蛋白mRNA的表达。这些研究结果表明,在 1.0 × 107 颗粒/毫升的最佳剂量下,CPC-EV 可刺激软骨基质的生成和半月板细胞的伤口愈合,其效果明显优于骨髓基质细胞衍生的 EVs。
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引用次数: 0
Design and validation of finite element models for the assessment of post-fixation distal femur fracture motion 用于评估固定后股骨远端骨折运动的有限元模型的设计与验证。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1002/jor.26011
Scott Telfer, William R. Ledoux, Aerie Grantham, William D. Lack

Fracture site motion is thought to play an important role in the healing of complex fractures of the distal femur via mechanotransduction. Measuring this motion in vivo is challenging, and this has led researchers to turn to finite element modeling approaches to gain insights into the mechanical environment at the fracture site. Developing a systematic understanding of the effect of different model choices for distal femur fractures may allow more accurate prediction of fracture site motion from these types of simulations. In this study, we aim to assess the effect of four different modeling choices and parameters. We looked at the effect of using bone specific density distributions vs generic values, employing landmark-based geometry generation, varying fracture alignment within clinically relevant ranges, and determining whether direct apposition of the fracture to the plate was achieved. For validation, five cadaveric femurs had fractures created and repaired with plated constructs, and these were then loaded and fracture site motion was directly measured. We found that using landmark based bone geometry and patient-specific bone density distributions had a minimal effect on the overall model predictions. Changing the alignment, particularly into varus and procurvatum could have a large (>50%) effect on predicted shear motion, as could direct apposition of the bone to the plate. These findings demonstrate that modeling choices can play an important role in simulating distal femur fracture mechanics, and it is particularly critical that patient customized models attempt to accurately represent alignment of the bone fragments and lateral plate apposition.

骨折部位的运动被认为通过机械传导在股骨远端复杂骨折的愈合过程中发挥着重要作用。在体内测量这种运动具有挑战性,因此研究人员转而采用有限元建模方法来深入了解骨折部位的机械环境。系统地了解股骨远端骨折不同模型选择的影响,可以通过这些类型的模拟更准确地预测骨折部位的运动。在本研究中,我们旨在评估四种不同建模选择和参数的影响。我们考察了使用骨密度分布与通用值、基于地标生成几何形状、在临床相关范围内改变骨折对位以及确定是否实现骨折与钢板直接贴合的效果。为了进行验证,对五具尸体股骨进行了骨折创建和钢板修复,然后对这些骨折进行加载,并直接测量骨折部位的运动。我们发现,使用基于地标的骨几何形状和患者特定的骨密度分布对整个模型预测的影响微乎其微。改变对齐方式,尤其是变位和原位,会对预测的剪切运动产生很大影响(>50%),骨与钢板的直接贴合也是如此。这些研究结果表明,建模选择在模拟股骨远端骨折力学中起着重要作用,尤其重要的是,患者定制的模型应尝试准确地表示骨片的对齐情况和钢板的侧向贴合情况。
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引用次数: 0
Matrikine stimulation of equine synovial fibroblasts and chondrocytes results in an in vitro osteoarthritis phenotype Matrikine 对马滑膜成纤维细胞和软骨细胞的刺激会导致体外骨关节炎表型。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1002/jor.26004
Rachel Gagliardi, Drew W. Koch, Richard Loeser, Lauren V. Schnabel

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating disease that impacts millions of individuals and has limited therapeutic options. A significant hindrance to therapeutic discovery is the lack of in vitro OA models that translate reliably to in vivo preclinical animal models. An alternative to traditional inflammatory cytokine models is the matrikine stimulation model, in which fragments of matrix proteins naturally found in OA tissues and synovial fluid, are used to stimulate cells of the joint. The objective of this study was to determine if matrikine stimulation of equine synovial fibroblasts and chondrocytes with fibronectin fragments (FN7-10) would result in an OA phenotype. We hypothesized that FN7-10 stimulation of equine articular cells would result in an OA phenotype with gene and protein expression changes similar to those previously described for human chondrocytes stimulated with FN7-10. Synovial fibroblasts and chondrocytes isolated from four horses were stimulated in monolayer culture for 6 or 18 h with 1 µM purified recombinant 42 kD FN7-10 in serum-free media. At the conclusion of stimulation, RNA was collected for targeted gene expression analysis and media for targeted protein production analysis. Consistent with our hypothesis, FN7-10 stimulation resulted in significant alterations to many important genes that are involved in OA pathogenesis including increased expression of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, CCL2/MCP-1, CCL5/RANTES, CXCL6/GCP-2, MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP13. The results of this study suggest that the equine matrikine stimulation model of OA may prove useful for in vitro experiments leading up to preclinical trials.

骨关节炎(OA)是一种使人衰弱的疾病,影响着数百万人,而且治疗方案有限。治疗发现的一大障碍是缺乏能可靠地转化为体内临床前动物模型的体外 OA 模型。替代传统炎症细胞因子模型的一种方法是matrikine刺激模型,在这种模型中,OA组织和滑液中天然存在的基质蛋白片段被用来刺激关节细胞。本研究的目的是确定用纤维连接蛋白片段(FN7-10)刺激马滑膜成纤维细胞和软骨细胞是否会导致 OA 表型。我们假设,FN7-10 对马关节细胞的刺激会导致 OA 表型,其基因和蛋白质表达的变化类似于之前用 FN7-10 刺激人类软骨细胞时所描述的变化。在无血清培养基中,用 1 µM 纯化重组 42 kD FN7-10 刺激单层培养的滑膜成纤维细胞和软骨细胞 6 或 18 小时。刺激结束后,收集 RNA 进行定向基因表达分析,收集培养基进行定向蛋白质生产分析。与我们的假设一致,FN7-10 刺激导致许多参与 OA 发病机制的重要基因发生显著变化,包括 IL-1β、IL-4、IL-6、CCL2/MCP-1、CCL5/RANTES、CXCL6/GCP-2、MMP-1、MMP-3 和 MMP13 的表达增加。本研究结果表明,马蹄筋刺激 OA 模型可用于临床前试验前的体外实验。
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引用次数: 0
Timing of cartilage articulation following impact injury affects the response of surface zone chondrocytes 撞击损伤后软骨衔接的时间会影响表面区软骨细胞的反应。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1002/jor.26002
Caroline L. Thompson, Lawrence J. Bonassar

Post-traumatic osteoarthritis develops following an inciting injury to a joint and results in cartilage degeneration. Mechanical loading, including articulation, drives anabolic responses in cartilage clinically, in vivo, and in vitro. Tribological articulation, or sliding of cartilage on a glass counterface, has long been used as an in vitro tool to study cartilage tissue behavior. However, it is unclear if tribological articulation affects chondrocyte fate following injury, and if the timing of articulation impacts the resultant effect. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of tribological articulation on injured cartilage tissue at two time points: (i) performed immediately after injury and (ii) 24 h after injury. Neonatal bovine femoral cartilage explants were injured using a rapid spring-loaded impactor and subsequently subjected to tribological articulation. Cell death due to impact injury was highest near the articular surface, suggesting a strain-dependent mechanism. Immediate articulation following injury mitigated cell death compared to injury alone or delayed articulation; markers for both general cell death and early-stage apoptosis were markedly decreased in the explants that were immediately slid. Interestingly, mitigation of cell death due to sliding was most predominant at the cartilage surface. Tribological articulation is known to create fluid flow within the tissue, predominantly at the articular surface, which could drive the protective response seen here. Altogether, this work shows that perturbations to the cellular environment immediately following cartilage injury significantly impact chondrocyte fate.

创伤后骨关节炎是在关节受到刺激性损伤后发生的,并导致软骨退化。在临床、体内和体外,包括铰接在内的机械负荷会促使软骨产生合成代谢反应。长期以来,摩擦铰接或软骨在玻璃反面的滑动一直被用作研究软骨组织行为的体外工具。然而,目前还不清楚摩擦学衔接是否会影响损伤后软骨细胞的命运,也不清楚衔接的时间是否会对结果产生影响。本研究的目的是调查摩擦学衔接在两个时间点对损伤软骨组织的影响:(i) 损伤后立即进行;(ii) 损伤后 24 小时。新生牛股骨软骨外植体使用快速弹簧加载冲击器受伤,随后进行摩擦学衔接。撞击损伤造成的细胞死亡在关节表面附近最高,这表明这是一种应变依赖机制。与单独损伤或延迟铰接相比,损伤后立即铰接可减轻细胞死亡;在立即滑动的外植体中,一般细胞死亡和早期细胞凋亡的标记物明显减少。有趣的是,滑动导致的细胞死亡缓解主要发生在软骨表面。众所周知,摩擦铰接会在组织内产生流体流动,主要是在关节表面,这可能会驱动这里看到的保护性反应。总之,这项研究表明,软骨损伤后细胞环境的扰动会显著影响软骨细胞的命运。
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引用次数: 0
Electromagnetic bone segment tracking in multiplanar osteotomies: A saw bone study 多平面截骨术中的电磁骨段追踪:锯骨研究
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1002/jor.26000
Andreas Geisbüsch, Carina Gramer, Thomas Dreher, Niclas Hagen, Sébastien Hagmann, Tobias Renkawitz, Marco Götze

Computer assisted orthopedic surgery is used to improve precision. Electro-magnetic tracking has been shown to improve precision in mono-planar derotational osteotomies. However, studies are lacking to investigate its use in multiplanar osteotomies. For this purpose, 60 complex (derotation and extension) osteotomies were performed in standardized sawbones. Correction amount was randomly planned before the procedures. In 30 bones, the amount of correction was determined intraoperatively using conventional goniometric measurement while in the other 30 bones electro-magnetic tracking was used to guide the amount of correction. CT-scans were done before and after the procedures in all bones and the amount of correction was determined to compare the precision of the two techniques. Electromagnetic tracking resulted in a precision of 2.25° ± 1.77° for derotation and 1.38° ± 1.29° for extension, while precision for the conventional method was significantly lower. There was a significant relationship between goniometer measurement deviation and the absolute angle change for derotation and extension measurements with larger deviations for greater angle changes. For the electro-magnetic tracking, this correlation was observed only for derotation measurement. Electro-magnetic tracking represents an accurate method to control complex, multiplanar corrective osteotomies with superior precision in comparison to conventional goniometric measurement. Further research is needed to investigate the in-vivo accuracy and the effects on clinical outcome.

计算机辅助矫形手术用于提高精确度。电磁追踪已被证明可提高单平面脱位截骨手术的精确度。然而,在多平面截骨手术中使用电磁追踪技术的研究还很缺乏。为此,我们在标准锯骨上进行了 60 例复杂(脱位和伸展)截骨术。矫正量在手术前进行了随机规划。其中 30 块骨头的矫正量是在术中通过传统的测角法确定的,而另外 30 块骨头的矫正量则是通过电磁追踪法确定的。所有骨骼在手术前后都进行了 CT 扫描,并确定了矫正量,以比较两种技术的精确度。电磁追踪法的精确度为:内收 2.25° ± 1.77°,外展 1.38° ± 1.29°,而传统方法的精确度明显较低。转角计测量偏差与脱位和伸展测量的绝对角度变化之间存在明显关系,偏差越大,角度变化越大。而电磁跟踪法仅在脱位测量中观察到这种相关性。与传统的测角法相比,电磁追踪是一种控制复杂、多平面矫正截骨的精确方法,具有更高的精确度。还需要进一步研究其体内精确度以及对临床结果的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Automated coordinate system estimation: A preliminary step toward computer-assisted radial head arthroplasty planning 自动坐标系估算:计算机辅助桡骨头关节成形术规划的第一步。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25996
Ausberto Velasquez Garcia, Jennifer M. Oettinger, Adam J. Wentworth, Hiroki Nishikawa, Grace K. Chaney, James S. Fitzsimmons, Jonathan M. Morris, Shawn W. O'Driscoll

The success of radial head arthroplasty (RHA) relies on the design of the implant and precision of the surgical technique, with preoperative planning potentially playing a crucial role. The accurate establishment of a patient-specific anatomical coordinate system (ACS) is essential for this planning process. This study tested the hypothesis that an innovative automated method would be an accurate, reliable, and efficient framework to determine the ACS of the proximal radius, which would be a step toward improving the precision of RHA planning. We used advanced computational techniques to analyze 50 forearm CT scans, comparing the accuracy, reproducibility, reliability, and efficiency of the automated method with manually derived ACS using expert observers as benchmarks. The results showed that the automated approach was more accurate in identifying anatomical landmarks, with smaller mean distance discrepancies (0.6 mm) than manual observers (1 mm). Its reproducibility was also superior, with narrower reproducibility limits, particularly for ulnar notch landmarks (0.6 to 0.8 mm compared to manual selection 1.2 to 1.4 mm) (p = .01). In addition, the limits of agreement and the mean absolute rotational and translational differences of the axes were narrower for the automated method, which also reduced the construction time to an average of 46 s compared to 150 s manually (p < .001). These findings suggest that the automated method has the potential to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of preoperative and postoperative computer-assisted procedures for RHA. Further research is needed to fully understand the utility of this automated system for enhancing RHA computer-assisted surgical planning.

桡骨头关节置换术(RHA)的成功取决于植入物的设计和手术技术的精确性,而术前规划可能起到至关重要的作用。准确建立患者特异性解剖坐标系(ACS)对这一规划过程至关重要。本研究测试了一种假设,即一种创新的自动化方法将是确定桡骨近端 ACS 的准确、可靠和高效的框架,这将是提高 RHA 规划精确度的一步。我们使用先进的计算技术分析了 50 张前臂 CT 扫描图像,比较了自动方法与以专家观察者为基准手动得出的 ACS 的准确性、再现性、可靠性和效率。结果表明,自动方法在识别解剖地标方面更加准确,平均距离差异(0.6 毫米)小于人工观察者(1 毫米)。其重现性也更优越,重现极限更窄,尤其是尺骨切迹地标(0.6 至 0.8 毫米,而人工选择为 1.2 至 1.4 毫米)(p = .01)。此外,自动方法的一致性限值以及轴的旋转和平移绝对差值的平均值也更小,而且与手动方法的 150 秒相比,自动方法还将构建时间缩短至平均 46 秒(p = 0.01)。
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引用次数: 0
An ultrastructure analysis of the developing human anterior cruciate ligament tibial enthesis 对发育中的人类前十字韧带胫骨连接处的超微结构分析。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25999
Sofia Hidalgo Perea, Tyler J. Uppstrom, Kenneth M. Lin, Craig E. Klinger, Timothy G. Bromage, Kevin G. Shea, Daniel W. Green, Scott A. Rodeo

This study aimed to investigate the ultrastructural anatomy of the developing ACL tibial enthesis. We hypothesized that enthesis architecture would progressively mature and remodel, eventually resembling that of the adult by the early postnatal stage. Five fresh-frozen human pediatric cadaveric knees aged 1–36 months underwent anatomical dissection to harvest the ACL insertion and underlying tibial chondroepiphysis. The samples were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to examine the ultrastructural anatomy of the enthesis and underwent histological staining for circular polarized light (CPL) and light microscopy imaging. SEM analysis of the 1- and 8-month-old samples revealed a shallow interdigitation between the dense fibrous (ligamentous) tissue and unmineralized chondrogenic tissues, with a minimal transition zone. By 11-month, a more complex transition zone was present. By age 19- and 36-month-old, a progressively more complex and defined fibrocartilage zone was observed. CPL analysis revealed distinct collagen fiber continuity, alignment, and organization changes over time. By 19 and 36 months, the samples exhibited complex fiber arrangements and a progression toward uniform fiber orientation. Similarly, histological analysis demonstrated progressive remodeling of the enthesis with increasing age. Our results suggest that the ACL enthesis of the developing knee begins to mimic that of an adult as early as 19 months of age, as a more complex transition between ligamentous and chondro-epiphyseal tissue can be appreciated. We hypothesize that the observed changes are likely due to mechanical loading of the enthesis with the onset of weightbearing. Future investigations of ACL reconstruction and repair will benefit from improved understanding of the chondro-epiphyseal/ACL regions.

本研究旨在研究发育中的前交叉韧带胫骨内侧的超微结构解剖。我们假设胫骨内侧的结构会逐渐成熟和重塑,最终在出生后早期阶段与成人的结构相似。我们对 5 个年龄在 1-36 个月的新鲜冷冻人类小儿尸体膝关节进行了解剖解剖,以获取前交叉韧带插入部和下面的胫骨软骨骺。这些样本准备用于扫描电子显微镜(SEM),以检查膝关节内侧的超微结构解剖,并进行组织学染色,以进行圆偏振光(CPL)和光学显微镜成像。对 1 个月和 8 个月大的样本进行的扫描电镜分析表明,致密的纤维(韧带)组织和未矿化的软骨组织之间存在浅层的相互咬合,过渡区很小。到 11 个月大时,过渡区更为复杂。到 19 个月大和 36 个月大时,纤维软骨区逐渐变得更加复杂和清晰。CPL 分析显示,随着时间的推移,胶原纤维的连续性、排列和组织发生了明显的变化。到 19 个月和 36 个月时,样本显示出复杂的纤维排列,并逐渐趋向于统一的纤维方向。同样,组织学分析表明,随着年龄的增长,关节内膜也在逐渐重塑。我们的研究结果表明,发育中的膝关节前交叉韧带内膜早在 19 个月大时就开始模仿成人的内膜,因为韧带组织和软骨-骺软骨组织之间的过渡更为复杂。我们推测,所观察到的变化可能是由于开始负重时内关节承受的机械负荷所致。未来对前交叉韧带重建和修复的研究将受益于对软骨-骨骺/前交叉韧带区域的进一步了解。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Orthopaedic Research®
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