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A Novel Isotropic Optical Fiber: Antimicrobial Effect of Blue Light on Drug Resistant Organisms 一种新型各向同性光纤:蓝光对耐药生物的抗菌作用。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1002/jor.26042
Megan H. Goh, Robert A. Rabiner, Joseph J. Connolly, Santiago A. Lozano-Calderon, Antonia F. Chen

Drug-resistant organisms (DROs) necessitate the development of new therapies. Antimicrobial blue light (ABL) is a promising option, utilizing photoexcitation of endogenous bacterial components to generate reactive oxygen species, leading to bacterial death. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a novel isotropic optical fiber under in-vitro conditions on multidrug-resistant gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDR-Pa) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Time-to-kill assays were conducted in tubes containing 10 mL of 0.9% NaCl solution with an inoculum of 1 × 10⁵ CFU/mL for MDR-Pa or MRSA. The experiments were repeated at least three times per strain. Experimental tubes had either one (low power, LP) or two (high power, HP) optical fibers delivering five ABL wavelengths (405, 415, 435, 450, and 475 nm) over 60 min. Control tubes lacked optical fibers. Samples were taken at 0, 10, 20, 30, and 60 min, streaked on agar, and incubated to determine CFU/mL. Bactericidal reduction was defined as a ≥ 99.9% (≥ 3 log10) reduction in CFU/mL. One-way ANOVA were conducted. The novel isotropic optical fiber was able to exhibit bactericidal effects for MDR-Pa only under HP-ABL with a log10CFU/mL ± SD difference of −3.71 ± 0.01 at 60 min (p = 0.03). Conversely, the optical fiber exhibited bactericidal effects on MRSA under both LP-ABL and HP-ABL with a log10CFU/mL±SD difference of −3.73 ± 0.08 at 60 min (p = 0.03) and −3.07 ± 0.28 at 20 min (p = 0.02), respectively. The isotropic optical fiber demonstrated bactericidal effects on MRSA and MDR-Pa in in-vitro studies and shows potential as a therapeutic option for DROs.

耐药生物(DROs)需要开发新的治疗方法。抗菌蓝光(ABL)是一种很有前途的选择,利用内源性细菌成分的光激发产生活性氧,导致细菌死亡。本研究旨在探讨一种新型各向同性光纤在体外条件下对多重耐药革兰氏阴性铜绿假单胞菌(MDR-Pa)和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的影响。在含有10 mL 0.9% NaCl溶液的试管中进行杀灭时间测定,接种量为1 × 10 CFU/mL,用于MDR-Pa或MRSA。每个菌株至少重复实验三次。实验管有一根(低功率,LP)或两根(高功率,HP)光纤,在60分钟内提供五个ABL波长(405,415,435,450和475 nm)。控制管没有光纤。分别于0、10、20、30和60分钟取样品,在琼脂上划线,孵育以测定CFU/mL。灭菌减少定义为CFU/mL降低≥99.9%(≥3 log10)。进行单因素方差分析。新型各向同性光纤仅在HP-ABL下对MDR-Pa具有杀菌作用,60 min时log10CFU/mL±SD差为-3.71±0.01 (p = 0.03)。相反,在LP-ABL和HP-ABL下,光纤对MRSA的杀菌作用在60 min和20 min时的log10CFU/mL±SD差异分别为-3.73±0.08 (p = 0.03)和-3.07±0.28 (p = 0.02)。各向同性光纤在体外研究中显示出对MRSA和MDR-Pa的杀菌作用,并显示出作为DROs治疗选择的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
A Novel Disulfidptosis-Related Risk Signature for Prognostic Prediction in Patients With Ewing Sarcoma 一种用于预测尤文氏肉瘤患者预后的新型双歧杆菌相关风险标志。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1002/jor.26033
Chunqing Che, Delei Song, Peng Xue, Xuqing Yin

Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a malignant bone tumor prevalent among children and adolescents. Disulfidptosis represents a novel form of cell death; however, the mechanism of disulfidptosis in ES remains unclear. Our aim is to explore the disulfidptosis-related prognostic signature in ES. Utilizing transcriptomic and clinical data of ES, disulfidptosis-related hub genes (DRHGs) were identified by differential gene expression analysis and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis. A disulfidptosis-related risk score model (DRRS) was constructed based on these DRHGs. The performance of DRRS was assessed using survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Immune cell infiltration in different risk subgroups and correlations between DRRS and antitumor reagents were also analyzed. In this study, we developed a disulfidptosis-related prognostic feature based on LRPPRC (leucine rich pentatricopeptide repeat containing), IQGAP1 (IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1), NDUFS1 (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S1), and TLN1 (talin 1), which may serve as a predictive and independent risk factor for ES. ES patients in the high-risk group exhibited a poorer prognosis, had a higher proportion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and M2 type of tumor-associated macrophages, and showed heightened sensitivity to some antitumor agents such as nilotinib and olaparib. This study is the first to construct a disulfidptosis-related prognostic signature that may predict the prognosis and immune response in ES patients, thereby providing a new reference for understanding the mechanisms of ES and guiding immunotherapy.

尤文氏肉瘤(ES)是一种常见于儿童和青少年的恶性骨肿瘤。双曲下垂是一种新的细胞死亡形式;然而,ES的双侧下垂机制尚不清楚。我们的目的是探讨肌萎缩侧索硬化症相关的预后特征。利用ES的转录组学和临床数据,通过差异基因表达分析和最小绝对收缩和选择算子(LASSO) Cox回归分析鉴定了二硫塌陷相关的枢纽基因(DRHGs)。在此基础上构建了二硫中毒相关风险评分模型(DRRS)。采用生存分析和受试者工作特征曲线分析评估DRRS的性能。分析不同危险亚组免疫细胞浸润及DRRS与抗肿瘤药物的相关性。在这项研究中,我们基于LRPPRC(富含亮氨酸的五肽重复序列)、IQGAP1(含有GTPase激活蛋白1的IQ基序)、NDUFS1 (NADH:泛醌氧化还原酶核心亚基S1)和TLN1 (talin 1)建立了二硫裂相关的预后特征,这可能是ES的预测和独立危险因素。ES高危组患者预后较差,骨髓源性抑制细胞(MDSCs)和M2型肿瘤相关巨噬细胞比例较高,对某些抗肿瘤药物如尼洛替尼和奥拉帕尼的敏感性较高。本研究首次构建了可预测ES患者预后和免疫反应的双硫裂相关预后特征,为了解ES的发病机制、指导免疫治疗提供了新的参考。
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引用次数: 0
Issue Information - Cover
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25881
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引用次数: 0
Achilles Tendon Surgical Repair Partially Restores Early Plantar Flexor Structure and Function in a Rat Model 跟腱手术修复可部分恢复大鼠模型的早期跖屈肌结构和功能
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1002/jor.26041
Ahmad Hammo, Liala Sofi, Lorraine A. T. Boakye, Josh R. Baxter

Achilles tendon ruptures significantly impair long-term patient function, with two-thirds of patients experiencing persistent functional deficits. Although nonsurgical treatment has gained popularity due to its perceived lower risk of complications, the specific effects of this approach on tendon healing, muscle function, and overall performance remain poorly understood. Directly comparing surgical and nonsurgical treatment options in a clinical population is challenging given the diverse nature of the patient population. Preclinical models are essential to isolate the mechanisms underlying these treatments, enabling a detailed examination of the structural and functional outcomes that are difficult to assess in human studies. Here, we surgically induced Achilles tendon ruptures in 20 adult male Sprague Dawley rats and repaired the rupture in half of these animals. Then, functional outcomes were assessed by measuring plantar flexor torque across the ankle's range of motion using a custom-developed small animal dynamometer, and structural changes were evaluated through measurements of Achilles tendon elongation and plantar flexor muscle mass. We found that surgical treatment led to 11%–35% increased functional plantar flexor torque outcomes compared to nonsurgical treatment. Additionally, plantar flexor muscle mass decreased by 21% in nonsurgically treated animals compared to only 12% in the surgically treated group. Our results suggest that surgically repairing a tendon rupture restores plantar flexor function more effectively than nonsurgical treatment; however, persistent functional deficits in both groups indicate that enhanced rehabilitation strategies are necessary for full functional restoration.

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引用次数: 0
Issue Information - Editorial Board and TOC
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25880
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引用次数: 0
Metabolic Risk Factors Relate to Worse Tendon Health in Individuals With Achilles Tendinopathy 代谢风险因素与跟腱病患者肌腱健康状况恶化有关
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1002/jor.26038
Kayla D. Seymore, Hayley Powell Smitheman, Andy K. Smith, Ryan T. Pohlig, Christian Couppé, Karin Grävare Silbernagel

A high proportion of individuals with Achilles tendinopathy continue to demonstrate long-term symptoms and functional impairments after exercise treatment. Thus, there is a need to delineate patient presentations that may require alternative treatment. The objective of this study was to evaluate if the presence of metabolic risk factors relates to tendon symptoms, psychological factors, triceps surae structure, and lower limb function in individuals with Achilles tendinopathy. One hundred and fifty-eight individuals (88 female) with diagnosed midportion Achilles tendinopathy were divided into three groups based on the number of metabolic risk factors linked to cardiovascular disease present at baseline: two or more factors, one factor, no factors. Metabolic risk factors were determined by clinical evaluation and past medical history. Achilles tendinopathy symptoms (Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles, Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System, movement-evoked pain ratings), psychological factors (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia), triceps surae structure (B-mode ultrasound of tendon and muscle morphology, continuous shear wave elastography of tendon mechanical properties), and lower limb function (test battery) were compared among groups. Individuals with two or more metabolic risk factors had worse symptoms with loading (p = 0.011), smaller Achilles tendon size relative to body mass (p = 0.002), and worse lower limb function compared to individuals without metabolic risk factors (p < 0.02). No differences were observed between individuals with one metabolic risk factor and those without metabolic risk factors. Future consideration of multiple metabolic risk factors for individuals with Achilles tendinopathy could facilitate understanding the underlying impairments of tendon pathology and recovery that may be addressed with treatment.

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引用次数: 0
Finite Element Model of Patient-Specific Flanged Acetabular Components Highlights Biomechanical Effects of Bone Density and Cortical Shell Thickness 患者特有的法兰髋臼部件的有限元模型强调骨密度和皮质壳厚度的生物力学效应。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2025-01-05 DOI: 10.1002/jor.26037
Haena-Young Lee, Friedrich Boettner, Jason L. Blevins, Jose A. Rodriguez, Joseph D. Lipman, Fernando J. Quevedo González, Mathias P. Bostrom, Timothy M. Wright, Peter K. Sculco

Patient-specific flanged acetabular components are utilized to treat failed total hip arthroplasties with severe acetabular defects. We previously developed and published a finite element model that investigated the impact of hip joint center lateralization on construct biomechanics during gait conditions. This model consisted of a patient-specific implant designed to address a superior-medial defect created in a standard pelvic geometry. This study aims to utilize the same model and examine how cortical shell thickness and ischial cancellous bone density affect the strain distribution in the bone and bone–implant micromotion. Using published studies and bone density analyses of patients who had undergone total hip arthroplasties with flanged acetabular components, we established a thickness range for the cortical shell (1.5, 1, and 0.75 mm) and two levels of ischial cancellous bone density (100% and 25%). We compared the resulting bone strains against the fatigue strength of the bone (0.3% strain) as a criterion for local bone failure and the bone–implant micromotion against the threshold associated with bone ingrowth (20 µm). A thinner pelvic cortical shell and lower ischial cancellous bone density increased areas of bone at risk of failure, particularly at the ischial screws (from 6% to 38%), and decreased areas compatible with bone ingrowth. These findings agree with our clinical knowledge that compromised ischial bone and inadequate ischial fixation negatively impact the survivorship of flanged acetabular components. This series establishes our modeling approach of a computational model that can be utilized to guide implant design to best treat unique acetabular defects.

患者特有的髋臼法兰假体用于治疗髋臼严重缺损的全髋关节置换术失败。我们之前开发并发表了一个有限元模型,研究了在步态条件下髋关节中心偏侧对构建生物力学的影响。该模型由患者特异性植入物组成,旨在解决在标准骨盆几何形状中产生的上内侧缺陷。本研究旨在利用相同的模型,研究皮质壳厚度和坐骨松质骨密度如何影响骨应变分布和骨种植体微动。利用已发表的研究和髋臼缘缘全髋关节置换术患者的骨密度分析,我们建立了皮质壳的厚度范围(1.5、1和0.75 mm)和坐骨松质骨密度的两个水平(100%和25%)。我们将得到的骨应变与骨的疲劳强度(0.3%应变)进行比较,作为局部骨衰竭的标准,并将骨种植体微运动与骨长入相关的阈值(20µm)进行比较。较薄的骨盆皮质壳和较低的坐骨松质骨密度增加了骨衰竭的风险区域,特别是坐骨螺钉(从6%增加到38%),并且减少了与骨向内生长相适应的区域。这些发现与我们的临床知识一致,坐骨骨受损和坐骨固定不充分会对法兰髋臼部件的存活产生负面影响。该系列建立了我们的计算模型建模方法,可用于指导植入物设计,以最佳地治疗独特的髋臼缺陷。
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引用次数: 0
Electrophoretic Deposition of Gentamicin Into Titania Nanotubes Prevents Evidence of Infection in a Mouse Model of Periprosthetic Joint Infection 庆大霉素在钛纳米管中的电泳沉积阻止了假体周围关节感染小鼠模型的感染证据。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1002/jor.26029
John L. Hamilton, Sofia Gianotti, Julia Fischer, Greta Della Fara, Amandine Impergre, Francesca De Vecchi, Mohammed AbuAlia, Alfons Fischer, Adrienn Markovics, Markus A. Wimmer

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a leading cause and major complication of joint replacement failure. As opposed to standard-of-care systemic antibiotic prophylaxis for PJI, we developed and tested titanium femoral intramedullary implants with titania nanotubes (TNTs) coated with the antibiotic gentamicin and slow-release agent chitosan through electrophoretic deposition (EPD) in a mouse model of PJI. We hypothesized that these implants would enable local gentamicin delivery to the implant surface and surgical site, effectively preventing bacterial colonization. In the mouse PJI model, C57BL/6 mice received implants with TNTs coated with chitosan (chitosan group; control group) or with TNTs coated with chitosan and gentamicin (chitosan + gentamicin group; experimental group). Following implant placement, the surgical site was inoculated with 1 × 103 CFUs of Xen36 bioluminescent Staphylococcus aureus. All the mice in the chitosan group and none in the chitosan + gentamicin group had evidence of infection based on CFU analysis and bioluminescence imaging through the 14-day assessment postsurgery. Correspondingly, scanning electron microscopy analysis at the implant surface demonstrated bacterial biofilm only in the chitosan group. Furthermore, periosteal reaction and peri-implant bone loss at the femur were significantly reduced in the chitosan + gentamicin group. The chitosan + gentamicin group had reduced pain behavior, improved weight-bearing, and increased weight compared to the chitosan-control group. This study provides preclinical evidence supporting the efficacy of implants with TNTs coated with chitosan and gentamicin through EPD for preventing bacterial colonization and biofilm formation in a mouse model of PJI.

假体周围关节感染(PJI)是关节置换术失败的主要原因和并发症。与PJI的标准护理系统抗生素预防相反,我们通过电泳沉积(EPD)在PJI小鼠模型中开发并测试了钛股髓内植入物,钛纳米管(TNTs)涂有抗生素庆大霉素和缓释剂壳聚糖。我们假设这些植入物可以使庆大霉素局部递送到植入物表面和手术部位,有效地防止细菌定植。在小鼠PJI模型中,C57BL/6小鼠接受壳聚糖包被的tnt植入物(壳聚糖组;对照组)或壳聚糖+庆大霉素包被的tnt(壳聚糖+庆大霉素组;实验组)。植入后,在手术部位接种1 × 103 CFUs的Xen36生物发光金黄色葡萄球菌。术后14天的CFU分析和生物发光成像显示,壳聚糖组小鼠无感染,壳聚糖+庆大霉素组小鼠无感染。相应的,扫描电镜分析显示植入物表面只有壳聚糖组有细菌生物膜。此外,壳聚糖+庆大霉素组骨膜反应和股骨种植体周围骨丢失明显减少。壳聚糖+庆大霉素组与壳聚糖对照组相比,疼痛行为减轻,负重改善,体重增加。本研究提供临床前证据,支持经EPD包被壳聚糖和庆大霉素的tnt植入物在PJI小鼠模型中阻止细菌定植和生物膜形成的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Msx1-Modified Rat Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Rotator Cuff Repair: A Comprehensive Analysis of Tendon-Bone Healing and Cellular Mechanisms 用于肩袖修复的 Msx1 改性大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞疗法:腱-骨愈合和细胞机制的综合分析。
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1002/jor.26039
Kang Liu, Xia-wei Fu, Zi-min Wang

This study investigates the therapeutic potential of Msx1-overexpressing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in enhancing tendon-bone healing in rotator cuff injuries. BMSCs were genetically modified to overexpress Msx1 and were evaluated in vitro for their proliferation, migration, and differentiation potential. Results demonstrated that Msx1 overexpression significantly increased BMSC proliferation and migration while inhibiting osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. In a rat model of acute rotator cuff injury, Msx1-BMSCs embedded in a hydrogel scaffold were implanted at the tendon-bone junction. Micro-CT analysis revealed substantial new bone formation in the Msx1-BMSC group, and histological evaluation showed organized collagen and cartilage structures at the repair site. Biomechanical testing further confirmed enhanced structural strength in the Msx1-BMSC-treated group. These findings suggest that Msx1 modification enhances BMSC-mediated repair by promoting cell proliferation and migration, facilitating tendon-bone integration. This Msx1-based approach presents a promising strategy for advancing regenerative therapies for rotator cuff injuries.

本研究探讨了过表达msx1的骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)在促进肩袖损伤肌腱-骨愈合中的治疗潜力。对骨髓间充质干细胞进行基因修饰,使其过表达Msx1,并在体外评估其增殖、迁移和分化潜力。结果表明,Msx1过表达显著增加BMSC的增殖和迁移,同时抑制成骨和软骨分化。在大鼠急性肩袖损伤模型中,将水凝胶支架内包埋的Msx1-BMSCs植入肌腱-骨连接处。显微ct分析显示Msx1-BMSC组有大量新骨形成,组织学评估显示修复部位有组织的胶原和软骨结构。生物力学测试进一步证实了msx1 - bmsc处理组的结构强度增强。这些发现表明,Msx1修饰通过促进细胞增殖和迁移,促进肌腱-骨整合,从而增强骨髓间充质干细胞介导的修复。这种基于msx1的方法为推进肩袖损伤的再生治疗提供了一种有前途的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Tensor Fasciae Latae and Gluteus Maximus Muscles: Do They Contribute to Hip Abduction? 阔筋膜张肌和臀大肌:它们是否与髋外展有关?
IF 2.1 3区 医学 Q2 ORTHOPEDICS Pub Date : 2024-12-28 DOI: 10.1002/jor.26036
Armando Hoch, Dimitris Dimitriou, Jessica Wolf-Wettstein, Jan Rosner, Martin Schubert, Jose Aguirre, Urs Eichenberger, Patrick Zingg, Paul Borbas

Hip abductors are essential for hip function. To understand abduction weakness, it is important to know which muscles contribute to abduction force. Our aim was to investigate the effects of an experimentally induced weakness of the different muscles (tensor fasciae latae [TFL], gluteus medius and minimus (Gmed/min), gluteus maximus [Gmax]) on the abduction force. Ten participants received sequential nerve blocks of the TFL, the Gmed/min, and the Gmax. Subsequently, abduction force was measured in the lateral decubitus position in three sagittal positions of the hip (30° flexion, neutral, 30° extension). In 30° flexion, the average abduction force was 220 N without block, 187 N with block of the TFL, 83 N with block of the Gmed/min, and 97 N with block of the Gmax, respectively. In neutral position, average abduction force was 213 N without block, 200 N with block of the TFL, 82 N with block of the Gmed/min, and 115 N with block of the Gmax, respectively. In 30° extension, average abduction force was 116 N without block, 146 N with block of TFL, 61 N with block of the Gmed/min, and 94 N with block of the Gmax, respectively. An induced weakness of the TFL reduces abduction force only in 30° of hip flexion by 15%. It is not highly relevant as an abductor. An induced weakness of the Gmax reduces abduction force in flexion by 43%−56%, depending on the position. It is, therefore, highly relevant as an abductor of the hip.

髋关节外展肌对髋关节功能至关重要。要了解外展无力,重要的是要知道哪些肌肉有助于外展力。我们的目的是研究实验诱导的不同肌肉(阔筋膜张肌[TFL]、臀中肌和臀小肌(Gmed/min)、臀大肌[Gmax])的无力对外展力的影响。10名参与者接受TFL、Gmed/min和Gmax的连续神经阻滞。随后,在髋的三个矢状位(30°屈曲、中立、30°伸展)的侧卧位测量外展力。在30°弯曲时,未阻塞时平均外展力为220 N, TFL阻塞时平均外展力为187 N, Gmed/min阻塞时平均外展力为83 N, Gmax阻塞时平均外展力为97 N。中立位时,未阻断的平均外展力为213 N, TFL阻断的平均外展力为200 N, Gmed/min阻断的平均外展力为82 N, Gmax阻断的平均外展力为115 N。伸展30°时,未阻断的平均外展力为116 N, TFL阻滞的平均外展力为146 N, Gmed/min阻滞的平均外展力为61 N, Gmax阻滞的平均外展力为94 N。诱发的TFL无力仅在髋关节屈曲30°时减少15%的外展力。这跟绑架没有太大关系。根据体位的不同,Gmax的诱发性无力可使屈曲时的外展力减少43%-56%。因此,它与髋关节外展肌高度相关。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Orthopaedic Research®
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