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Little Ice Age flood events recorded in sag pond sediments in the Carrizo Plains National Monument, California 加利福尼亚州卡里索平原国家纪念碑下陷池沉积物中记录的小冰河时期洪水事件
IF 2.1 3区 地球科学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10933-024-00312-4
Matthew Kirby, Samuel K. Hippard, Lisa N. Martinez, Dahlia Serrato, Joseph Carlin, Nicole Bonuso, Sinan O. Akçiz, Christian Novich

In California, severe precipitation events (SPEs) are often associated with winter season atmospheric rivers. These SPEs can generate hurricane-scale precipitation, creating a variety of natural hazards such as floods and landslides. For California, the most complete SPE-flood record yet generated is a 9000-year paleoflood reconstruction from the Santa Barbara Basin (Du et al. in Mar Geol 397:29–42, 2018). Finding terrestrial counterparts to compare to the Santa Barbara Basin is a challenge in Southern California where lake basins are rare and the terrestrial spatiotemporal signature of SPE floods remains largely unconstrained. Here, we present five 1–2 m sediment cores from a sag pond along the San Andreas Fault in the southern Carrizo Plain. The most complete record (core CLPC21-4) was selected for a variety of chronological, sedimentological, and biological analyses. Principal Component Analysis on these data reveals two end member sediment unit types: event versus ambient sedimentation. We focus on the two thickest sediment units likely generated by SPEs. These two units (EU 1 and EU 2) are especially distinct within CLPC21-4, characterized by erosive bases, above average sand content, normal grading, low magnetic susceptibility, and low total organic matter. Moreover, they are visually apparent across all five cores within the sag pond and thin from source to sink. Age control for the two units is constrained by AMS 14C dates on discrete organic materials and supported by the identification of Erodium’s first appearance ca. 1750–1765 CE in the Santa Barbara region. Using these age constraints, we infer the maximum limiting age range for Event Unit 1 from 1470 to 1640 CE and Event Unit 2 from 1740 to 1800 CE. Within the limits of dating, site-specific proxy sensitivities, and inherent meteorological heterogeneity, we propose a probable correlation to Santa Barbara Basin flood events at 1525 CE and 1760 CE. Our results suggest that sag ponds may represent a viable and untapped paleoclimatic archive for California. Future work will focus on a latitudinal series of sag ponds to determine the spatiotemporal sequence and correlativity of SPEs in the sediment record.

在加利福尼亚,强降水事件(SPEs)通常与冬季的大气河流有关。这些 SPE 可产生飓风级降水,造成洪水和山体滑坡等各种自然灾害。就加利福尼亚而言,目前最完整的 SPE-洪水记录是来自圣巴巴拉盆地的 9000 年古洪水重建(Du 等,载于 Mar Geol 397:29-42, 2018)。在南加州寻找可与圣巴巴拉盆地相比较的陆地对应物是一项挑战,因为南加州湖泊盆地很少,SPE 洪水的陆地时空特征在很大程度上仍未受到约束。在此,我们展示了来自卡里索平原南部圣安德烈亚斯断层沿线堰塞湖的五个 1-2 米长的沉积岩芯。我们选择了最完整的记录(岩心 CLPC21-4)进行各种年代学、沉积学和生物学分析。这些数据的主成分分析显示了两种末端沉积单元类型:事件沉积和环境沉积。我们重点研究了可能由 SPE 产生的两个最厚的沉积单元。这两个单元(EU 1 和 EU 2)在 CLPC21-4 中尤为明显,具有侵蚀性基底、高于平均水平的含沙量、正常级配、低磁感应强度和低总有机质等特征。此外,它们在下陷池内的所有五个岩芯中都很明显,而且从源头到下陷处都很薄。这两个单元的年代控制受到离散有机物的 AMS 14C 日期的限制,并得到了约西元 1750-1765 年首次出现在圣塔克拉里昂的rodium 的鉴定的支持。西元 1750-1765 年首次出现在圣巴巴拉地区。利用这些年龄限制,我们推断事件单元 1 的最大极限年龄范围为西元 1470 年至 1640 年,事件单元 2 为西元 1740 年至 1800 年。在年代测定、特定地点代用敏感性和固有气象异质性的限制下,我们认为圣巴巴拉盆地洪水事件可能与公元前 1525 年和公元前 1760 年有关。我们的研究结果表明,堰塞湖可能是加利福尼亚一个可行且尚未开发的古气候档案。未来的工作将侧重于矢状池的纬度系列,以确定沉积物记录中 SPE 的时空序列和相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Diatoms and paleolimnology: a lucky journey of no return 硅藻和古气候学:幸运的不归路
IF 2.1 3区 地球科学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10933-024-00314-2
Nora Irene Maidana

The story I offer provides an intimate look at my passion and dedication to diatoms and Paleolimnology, narrating my journey from the first discoveries to my growth as a researcher in this field.

我所讲述的故事,让人们看到了我对硅藻和古生物学的热情和执着,叙述了我从最初的发现到成长为这一领域研究者的历程。
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引用次数: 0
Identifying the key sources of metal (loid) deposition to remote Tasmanian lakes: is legacy mining a problem? 确定塔斯马尼亚偏远湖泊金属(loid)沉积的主要来源:遗留采矿是否是一个问题?
IF 2.1 3区 地球科学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10933-024-00315-1
Harrison Stevens, Leon A. Barmuta, Zanna Chase, Krystyna M. Saunders, Atun Zawadzki, Patricia Gadd, Bernadette C. Proemse

Reports have shown that even remote lakes have been negatively affected by anthropogenic activities. This study used metal concentrations and enrichment factors to comprehensively determine key metal sources and identify potential impacts of recent anthropogenic activity in remote Central Highland Tasmanian (Australia) lakes. Metal concentrations (Al, As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn) in these lakes remain below Australian interim sediment quality guidelines but have been slowly increasing since the start of the twentieth century. This increase is likely related to increasing organic matter content, rather than any direct, increased input of metals. The largest anthropogenic impact to these systems was damming, which typically led to an increase in organic matter content either directly, by the trapping of particles and nutrients, or indirectly, by stimulating primary production in the lake. This increased organic matter content, in turn, increased the retention of metals, manifesting as an increase to measured metal concentrations. Minor impacts are the historical use of lead shot, leaded petrol, and industrial processes, which may have contributed to the higher Pb enrichment, compared to the other studied metals, in these lakes. Despite recent concerns of metal contamination in the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area from distant mining activities, there is no strong evidence in this study indicating that lakes in the Central Highlands (a similar distance away) have been impacted by long-distance atmospheric deposition. This is likely related to the decreased rainfall, and thus decreased rates of wet deposition of aerosols in the east of Tasmania, compared to that of the west and in the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area.

有报告显示,即使是偏远的湖泊也受到人为活动的负面影响。本研究利用金属浓度和富集因子来全面确定主要金属来源,并识别近期人类活动对澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚中部高地偏远湖泊的潜在影响。这些湖泊中的金属浓度(铝、砷、镉、铜、铁、铅和锌)仍低于澳大利亚临时沉积物质量标准,但自二十世纪初以来一直在缓慢增加。这种增加可能与有机物含量的增加有关,而不是与金属的直接输入增加有关。人类活动对这些系统造成的最大影响是筑坝,这通常会直接或间接地导致有机质含量的增加,因为筑坝会截留颗粒和营养物质,或刺激湖泊中的初级生产。有机物含量的增加反过来又增加了金属的滞留,表现为测量到的金属浓度增加。历史上使用铅丸、含铅汽油和工业生产过程造成的次要影响,可能是导致这些湖泊中铅富集程度高于其他研究金属的原因。尽管最近塔斯马尼亚荒野世界遗产区的金属污染问题受到了远距离采矿活动的关注,但本研究并没有有力的证据表明中央高地(距离类似)的湖泊受到了远距离大气沉积的影响。这可能与塔斯马尼亚东部降雨量减少有关,因此,与西部和塔斯马尼亚荒野世界遗产区相比,塔斯马尼亚东部的气溶胶湿沉积率降低。
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引用次数: 0
Of lakes and knowledges: between disciplinary enclosures and the pursuit of “full transdisciplinarity” 湖泊与知识:在学科封闭与追求 "全面跨学科性 "之间
IF 2.1 3区 地球科学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10933-023-00309-5
Jose Esteban Castro

The article discusses the challenges and opportunities facing interdisciplinary attempts to produce knowledge about water and lake-related processes. It examines key aspects of the long-standing debates on this topic and discusses the state of the art providing empirical examples. The article argues that, notwithstanding the significant progress achieved in disciplines and fields of knowledge relevant to water-related research, the development of interdisciplinary coordination, particularly between the physical–natural and the social sciences remains underdeveloped. However, the fact that the extreme global crisis affecting water and life in the planet, more generally, has a primarily anthropogenic nature suggests that there are urgent reasons to promote greater collaboration between different forms of knowledge relevant to these processes. The main objective is contributing to raise awareness about obstacles and opportunities for enhanced interdisciplinary coordination in these areas, to tackle the urgent problems facing the socio-hydrosphere.

这篇文章讨论了跨学科尝试获取有关水和湖泊相关过程的知识所面临的挑战和机遇。文章探讨了有关这一主题的长期争论的主要方面,并讨论了提供经验实例的最新技术。文章认为,尽管与水相关的研究在学科和知识领域取得了重大进展,但跨学科协调的发展,特别是物理自然科学与社会科学之间的协调,仍然发展不足。然而,影响水和地球生命的全球性极端危机主要是人为因素造成的,这一事实表明,迫切需要促进与这些进程相关的不同形式的知识之间的合作。主要目的是提高人们对这些领域加强跨学科协调的障碍和机遇的认识,以解决社会水文领域面临的紧迫问题。
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引用次数: 0
Sedimentological, palynostratigraphic investigation and paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the Chad Formation, Bornu (Chad) Basin Nigeria 尼日利亚博尔努(乍得)盆地乍得地层的沉积学、古地层学调查与古环境重建
IF 2.1 3区 地球科学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10933-023-00308-6
Godwin Okumagbe Aigbadon, Ezekiel Obinna Igwe, Obinna Chigoziem Akakuru, Azuka Ocheli, Brume Overare, Ikenna Arisi Obasi, Ernest Orji Akudo, Nosa Samuel Igbinigie, Mu’awiya Baba Aminu

Sedimentological and palynostratigraphy studies were used to evaluate sediment-stacking patterns in a depth range between 400 and 50 m in the Kemar-1 well section, Bornu (Chad) Basin, Nigeria. The greyish-sandy claystone, rich micaceous, lithified, and unlithified greyish claystone, dark well sorted micaceous sandstone, and poorly sorted and heterolithic clayey sandstones are the major facies components recognised in the well sections. The lithofacies characteristics were used to delineate and assign depositional environments ranging from lacustrine to fluvial settings. Paleoecological results revealed that the dominant palynofloral associations are angiosperm pollen and pteridophytic spores and they were tentatively grouped under three ecological groups which include freshwater, mangrove/brackish and savannah depositional environments in wet to dry climatic conditions during sediment formation. The presence of Echitricolporites spinosus was used to define the Echitricolporites spinosus palynological zone. The basal section at 390–385 m interval in the well shows the dominance of Psilatricolporites crassus, Verrucastosporites usmensis, and Monoporites annulatus, which marked the Eocene boundary from the overlying Miocene marker bed species of Echitricolporites spinosus, Grimsdalea magnaclavata, Anthocerus sp., Nymphaea lotus, and Retistephanocolpites gracilis. The palynomorph data and lithological characteristics from the studied well section have been used to establish that the Chad Formation is of late Eocene to early Miocene age, and that it unconformably overlies the Kerri–Kerri Formation that was deposited in varying lacustrine, fluvial and prograding shoreface and deltaic settings. This study has resolved the controversy surrounding the age of the Chad Formation, the challenge in depositional environment reconstruction. Finally, the stratigraphic framework of the Chad Formation in the study area is presented.

沉积学和古生代地层学研究用于评估尼日利亚博尔努(乍得)盆地 Kemar-1 井段 400 米至 50 米深度范围内的沉积堆积模式。井段中可识别的主要岩相成分包括:灰砂质粘土岩、富含微粒、碎屑和未碎屑的灰质粘土岩、深色分选良好的微粒砂岩以及分选不良的异质粘土砂岩。岩相特征被用来划分和归属从湖相到河相的沉积环境。古生态学结果表明,主要的古植物组合是被子植物花粉和翼手目孢子,它们被初步归为三个生态组,包括淡水、红树林/咸水和热带稀树草原沉积环境,沉积物形成期间的气候条件从潮湿到干燥。根据棘球苣苔的存在情况来界定棘球苣苔古生物区。该井 390-385 米处的基底剖面显示出 Psilatricolporites crassus、Verrucastosporites usmensis 和 Monoporites annulatus 的优势,这标志着 Eocene 与上覆中新世标记床物种 Echitricolporites spinosus、Grimsdalea magnaclavata、Anthocerus sp.、Nymphaea lotus 和 Retistephanocolpites gracilis 的分界。根据所研究井段的古动物数据和岩性特征,可以确定乍得地层的年代为晚始新世至早中新世,与沉积于不同湖泊、河道和滩面及三角洲环境中的凯里-凯里地层互不统属。这项研究解决了围绕乍得地层年龄的争议,也解决了沉积环境重建的难题。最后,介绍了研究地区乍得地层的地层框架。
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引用次数: 0
Impacts of acid deposition and lake browning on long-term organic carbon storage in Canadian northern forest lakes 酸沉积和湖泊褐变对加拿大北部森林湖泊长期有机碳储存的影响
IF 2.1 3区 地球科学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1007/s10933-023-00307-7
Carsten Meyer-Jacob, Andrew L. Labaj, Andrew M. Paterson, Daniel Layton-Matthews, John P. Smol

Atmospheric acid deposition disrupted terrestrial-aquatic carbon cycling by drastically lowering dissolved organic carbon (DOC) loads in many lakes across NE North America and northern Europe during the 20th century. However, little is known about how acid deposition has altered the role of lakes as long-term carbon sinks. We present contemporary (n = 80) organic carbon accumulation rates (OCAR) and OCAR trends over the past ~ 150 years (n = 8), and other supporting infrared spectroscopic, isotopic, and elemental geochemical proxies, for lakes in and near Sudbury, Ontario, Canada – an area heavily affected by acid deposition from smelting activities in the late-19th and 20th centuries. Contemporary OCAR varied between 4.9 and 35.3 g m–2 yr–1 among study lakes (mean: 13.5±6.4 g m–2 yr–1). Sediment-inferred trends in lake-water DOC showed a strong response in DOC loadings to the effects of acid deposition during the past century, which is corroborated by increasing observed lake-water DOC concentrations (i.e., lake browning) since the 1980s. Despite these changes in DOC, as well as changes in water acidity, only lakes with direct physical watershed disturbances showed short-lived increases in OCAR, whereas OCAR changed little in remote Sudbury-region lakes with minimal direct human disturbances (mean OCAR: 14.3 ± 8.7 g m–2 yr–1). This is in stark contrast to many other northern forest lakes with minimal direct catchment disturbances that experienced significant increases in OCAR during the 20th century. Our results caution that lake browning may not be a dominant driver behind the widespread increase in organic C burial in northern lakes during recovery from acid deposition in recent decades.

20世纪,大气酸性沉降通过大幅降低北美东北部和北欧许多湖泊的溶解有机碳(DOC)负荷,破坏了陆水碳循环。然而,人们对酸沉积如何改变湖泊作为长期碳汇的作用知之甚少。我们提出了当代(n = 80)有机碳积累率(OCAR)和过去~ 150年(n = 8)的OCAR趋势,以及其他支持的红外光谱、同位素和元素地球化学指标,这些指标来自加拿大安大略省萨德伯里及其附近的湖泊,该地区在19世纪末和20世纪受到冶炼活动造成的酸沉积的严重影响。在研究湖泊中,当代OCAR在4.9和35.3 g m-2年- 1之间变化(平均值:13.5±6.4 g m-2年- 1)。沉积物推断的湖泊水中DOC趋势表明,在过去的一个世纪中,DOC负荷对酸沉积的影响有强烈的响应,自20世纪80年代以来观测到的湖泊水中DOC浓度(即湖泊褐变)的增加证实了这一点。尽管DOC和水酸度发生了这些变化,但只有受到直接流域物理干扰的湖泊OCAR出现了短期增加,而在直接人为干扰最小的偏远萨德伯里地区湖泊OCAR变化不大(平均OCAR: 14.3±8.7 g m-2年- 1)。这与许多其他北部森林湖泊形成鲜明对比,这些湖泊的直接集水区干扰最小,在20世纪经历了OCAR的显著增加。我们的研究结果提醒我们,湖泊褐变可能不是近几十年来北部湖泊酸性沉积恢复过程中有机碳埋藏广泛增加的主要驱动因素。
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引用次数: 0
A new method to remove biogenic silica from lake sediments by chemical dissolution coupled with sonication 化学溶解-超声耦合去除湖泊沉积物中生物源二氧化硅的新方法
IF 2.1 3区 地球科学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-12-02 DOI: 10.1007/s10933-023-00305-9
Sida Fu, Jie Li, Patrick Rioual, Jingkang Wang, Luo Wang

The grain-size distribution of lake sediments is a crucial proxy for paleoclimate reconstruction, as it is closely related to the transport dynamics of clastic materials from the surrounding land. However, the presence of biogenic silica, particularly remains of diatom frustules, can significantly bias the grain-size distribution of lake-sediment samples. To remove this component, an alkaline solution, usually consisting of sodium carbonate, is commonly used during sample preparation. However, the efficiency of this method has not been fully verified under the microscope and with statistical tests. This study aims to assess the efficiency of removing diatoms from sediment samples under different concentrations and treatment durations of Na2CO3 solution, and with and without sonication. The removal efficiency was assessed using microscope examination. Two sets of sediment samples from Huguang Maar Lake with high contents of diatoms but different species compositions were used. Results show that increasing sodium carbonate concentration and treatment duration improved the removal efficiency. A treatment with 2 mol L−1 Na2CO3 solution coupled with ultrasound vibrations for 4 h was found to be the most effective method for removing biogenic silica from the lake-sediment samples that were investigated. Differences in the removal efficiency between the two samples might be due to the different dominant diatom species in the samples. The new method provides a more reliable and effective procedure for removing diatoms from lake-sediment samples.

湖泊沉积物粒度分布与周围陆地碎屑物质的输运动力学密切相关,是古气候重建的重要指标。然而,生物成因二氧化硅的存在,特别是硅藻体残骸的存在,会显著影响湖泊沉积物样品的粒度分布。为了去除这种成分,通常在样品制备过程中使用由碳酸钠组成的碱性溶液。然而,这种方法的有效性还没有在显微镜下和统计检验下得到充分的验证。本研究旨在评估不同浓度、不同处理时间的Na2CO3溶液、超声和不超声对沉积物样品中硅藻的去除效果。显微镜下观察其去除效果。利用湖广麻珥湖两组硅藻含量高但种类组成不同的沉积物样品。结果表明,增加碳酸钠浓度和处理时间可提高脱除效果。2 mol L−1 Na2CO3溶液加超声振动处理4 h是去除湖泊沉积物中生物源二氧化硅最有效的方法。两种样品去除率的差异可能是由于样品中优势硅藻种类不同所致。新方法为去除湖泊沉积物样品中的硅藻提供了一种更可靠、更有效的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Aquatic invertebrate mandibles and sclerotized remains in Quaternary lake sediments 第四纪湖泊沉积物中水生无脊椎动物下颌骨和硬化残骸
IF 2.1 3区 地球科学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.1007/s10933-023-00302-y
Colin J. Courtney-Mustaphi, Enrica Steiner, Stefanie von Fumetti, Oliver Heiri

Subfossil remains of aquatic invertebrates found in lacustrine sediments are useful paleoenvironmental indicators. Strongly scleroticized chitinous body parts from the exoskeleton or exuviae from invertebrates are often the most resistant to degradation during syn- and post-depositional processes. Invertebrate mandibles and body parts that superficially resemble mandibles, such as claw-like appendages and pygopodia, are frequently found in sieved Quaternary lacustrine, palustrine, and deltaic sediments. Guides, catalogs and atlases have been published that are well suited for the identification of subfossil remains for several invertebrate groups, such as chironomids, cladocerans, and ostracods, among others. However, aquatic invertebrate remains of several ecologically important invertebrate groups continue to be underused in paleoenvironmental studies, in part, because there are few visual keys or other documentation sources (e.g. descriptions, catalogs or atlases) that increase awareness and facilitate identification. Here we present sets of digital photomicrographs of pre-identified aquatic invertebrate specimens collected from streams, lakes and ponds that have been chemically cleared to preserve structures that are observed in subfossil remains in sieved sediment samples, commonly the > 100 μm size fractions. In addition, we present examples of these structures from Quaternary lake-sediment samples and cite the dispersed literature that demonstrate that these remains are preserved and remain identifiable in the fossil record. We document mandibles from several taxonomic groups that include Crustacea: Amphipoda, Isopoda, Ostracoda, and Notostraca; and Insecta orders: Coleoptera, Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Hemiptera, Odonata, Lepidoptera, Megaloptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera. The compilation of microphotographs also includes pygopodia and claw appendages of Plecoptera and Trichoptera, with additional images of other common invertebrate mouthpart and head remains. We describe several types of fossilizing structures that are, to our knowledge, not previously described in the paleoecological literature (e.g. mandibles of amphipods or plecopterans) but also show that some structures are considerably more variable than expected based on available descriptions, such as the mandibles of Ephemeroptera or Trichoptera, and that these can potentially be separated into different morphotypes useful for identification of subfossil material. We also discuss the potential of analyzing and interpreting the additional remains together with the remains of more commonly analyzed invertebrate groups (e.g. Chironomidae) to contribute to paleoenvironmental interpretations, which will allow assessments of functional groups (e.g. predators, shredders, grazers) or habitat types (e.g. littoral, profundal or lotic environments) that aquatic invertebrate remains originate from.

湖泊沉积物中发现的水生无脊椎动物亚化石遗迹是有用的古环境指示物。来自无脊椎动物的外骨骼或蜕皮的强烈硬化的几丁质身体部位通常在沉积过程中和沉积后的过程中最耐降解。无脊椎动物的下颌骨和表面上类似下颌骨的身体部位,如爪状附属物和尾足,经常在第四纪湖泊、湖泊和三角洲沉积物中发现。已出版的指南、目录和地图集非常适合于鉴定若干无脊椎动物群的亚化石遗骸,如摇尾动物、枝海动物和介形虫等。然而,一些生态上重要的水生无脊椎动物种群的遗骸在古环境研究中仍然没有得到充分利用,部分原因是缺乏视觉关键或其他文件来源(如描述、目录或地图集)来提高认识和促进识别。在这里,我们展示了从溪流、湖泊和池塘中收集的预先识别的水生无脊椎动物标本的数码显微照片,这些标本经过化学清除,以保留在筛选过的沉积物样品(通常为100 μm大小的馏分)的亚化石残留物中观察到的结构。此外,我们从第四纪湖泊沉积物样本中提出了这些结构的例子,并引用了分散的文献,证明这些遗迹被保存下来,并且在化石记录中仍然可以识别。我们记录了几个分类类群的下颌骨,包括甲壳类:片足类、等足类、介形虫类和非甲壳类;昆虫目:鞘翅目、双翅目、蜉蝣目、半翅目、翅目、鳞翅目、大翅目、翅目、毛翅目。显微照片的汇编还包括翼翅目和毛翅目的尾足和爪附属物,以及其他常见的无脊椎动物口器和头部残骸的图像。我们描述了几种类型的化石结构,据我们所知,以前没有在古生态文献中描述过(例如片脚类动物或翼翅目动物的下颌骨),但也表明一些结构比基于现有描述的预期变化要大得多,例如蜉蝣目或毛翅目动物的下颌骨,并且这些结构可能被分为不同的形态类型,有助于识别亚化石材料。我们还讨论了分析和解释这些额外的遗骸以及更常见的无脊椎动物群体(如手摇蝇科)的遗骸的潜力,以促进古环境解释,这将允许评估水生无脊椎动物遗骸起源的功能群(如捕食者、切碎者、食草者)或栖息地类型(如沿海、深海或内陆环境)。
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引用次数: 1
Sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Jordan River Dureijat archeological site reveal subtle late Pleistocene water-level changes at Lake Hula, Jordan Valley, Israel 约旦河Dureijat考古遗址的沉积学和地层学揭示了以色列约旦河谷胡拉湖晚更新世水位的微妙变化
IF 2.1 3区 地球科学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10933-023-00301-z
Elizabeth Bunin, Chengjun Zhang, Gonen Sharon, Steffen Mischke

Sedimentary records of environmental conditions retrieved from archeological sites provide valuable insight into the milieux of ancient humans and context to understand societal and cultural changes. At Jordan River Dureijat, an open-air site in Israel’s Hula Valley documenting the entire Epipaleolithic period as well as the Early Neolithic, sediments exposed on the walls of the excavation pit reveal a sequence of lacustrine deposits accumulated continuously between c. 21.1 and 11.3 cal ka BP near the southeast margin of Paleolake Hula. Through sediment-grain-size, geochemical, and paleontological analyses, we describe the nature of the Paleolake Hula from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) to the start of the Holocene. Until c. 17.2 cal ka BP, Paleolake Hula existed as a relatively large and well-buffered waterbody. A rapid and substantial drawdown of the lake occurred at 17.2 cal ka BP, followed by more frequent changes in the position of the shoreline in a smaller and shallower lake, resulting in the deposition of alternating near-shore and deeper lacustrine facies. Since the LGM, seven beds of structureless, silty sediments preserve archeological artifacts belonging to three Epipaleolithic cultures as well as the Early Neolithic pre-pottery Neolithic A culture. These sediments were deposited during phases of low lake level during which times humans waded into the shallow part of the lake, leaving behind stone and bone tools such as bladelets, lunates and burins, fishing hooks, line weights and net sinkers. Using radiocarbon-dated charcoal and a Bayesian statistical model, we produced a chronostratigraphic model for the archeological site, which enables the comparison of proxy paleoclimate records produced from this site’s sediments with regional archives as well as with global trends and changes in the Northern Hemisphere climate. Periods of low lake stands are correlated with the end of the LGM, Heinrich Event 1, and the beginning of the Younger Dryas Stadial. High water stands occurred contemporaneously with the peak of the LGM and during the Bølling–Allerød interstadial. This new water-level record from Lake Hula confirms that lake-level changes here broadly paralleled those of the Dead Sea and Sea of Galilee during the late Pleistocene, highlighting the importance of northern water sources to the overall water balance of the lakes along the Dead Sea Transform.

从考古遗址中检索到的环境条件的沉积记录为了解古代人类的环境和背景提供了宝贵的见解,以了解社会和文化的变化。在约旦河杜雷贾特,以色列胡拉谷的一个露天遗址,记录了整个旧石器时代和新石器时代早期,挖掘坑壁上暴露的沉积物揭示了古胡拉湖东南边缘附近约21.1至11.3 cal ka BP之间连续积累的一系列湖泊沉积物。通过沉积物粒度、地球化学和古生物学分析,我们描述了从末次盛冰期(LGM)到全新世开始的古胡拉湖的性质。直到公元前17.2 calka BP,古呼拉湖作为一个相对较大且缓冲良好的水体存在。17.2 cal ka BP发生了一次快速而明显的湖泊下降,随后在一个较小的较浅湖泊中,岸线位置发生了更频繁的变化,导致近岸和较深湖泊相交替沉积。自LGM以来,七层无结构的粉质沉积物保存了属于三个上石器时代文化以及新石器时代早期前陶器新石器时代A文化的考古文物。这些沉积物是在湖泊水位较低的时期沉积的,在此期间,人类涉水进入湖泊的浅水区,留下了石头和骨头的工具,如小片、月骨和烧痕、鱼钩、线重和网沉。利用放射性碳定年的木炭和贝叶斯统计模型,我们为考古遗址建立了一个年代地层模型,该模型可以将该遗址沉积物产生的代用古气候记录与区域档案以及北半球气候的全球趋势和变化进行比较。低湖林的时期与LGM的结束、Heinrich事件1和新仙女木时期的开始有关。高水位与LGM高峰同时出现,并在b ølling - allero ød间歇期出现。胡拉湖的新水位记录证实,在更新世晚期,这里的湖泊水位变化与死海和加利利海的变化大致相似,突出了北部水源对死海沿岸湖泊整体水平衡的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Paleolimnological evidence of the Inverted Trophic Cascade Hypothesis in a Neotropical lake 新热带湖泊倒营养级联假说的古湖泊学证据
3区 地球科学 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10933-023-00306-8
Daniel Marchetti Maroneze, Rosa Maria Menendez, Daniela Rabello Ferreira, Diego Guimarães Florencio Pujoni, Paulo Alves de Lima Ferreira, Rubens Cesar Lopes Figueira, Paulina Maria Maia-Barbosa
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Paleolimnology
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