Journal of Orthodontics最新文献

A frequent and well-documented issue that is seen with clear aligner treatment (CAT) is the development of posterior open bites. The theories of posterior open bite development are discussed, and the treatment and prevention of each aetiological factor are outlined. Predictable prevention and management of posterior open bites during CAT would serve to improve treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction both aesthetically and functionally.

Patients with hypodontia often undergo orthodontic treatment, with single tooth pontics often used to replace missing teeth. However, single tooth pontics can often rotate on the archwire, leading to compromised stability. 'Blocks of pontics' can provide prosthetic replacement during orthodontic treatment for patients with hypodontia, overcoming common issues with large edentulous spans. After impression taking, blocks of pontics can be waxed up and finished in acrylic. These can then be ligated to the archwire intraorally. Blocks of pontics can be life-changing, restoring adequate aesthetics and function, before multidisciplinary restorative management.

Introduction: During the course of orthodontic treatment, a proper hygiene protocol is advised to all patients. Maintenance of oral hygiene prevents potential damage to hard tissue along with soft tissue. Despite preventive oral hygiene measures during fixed orthodontic therapy, some patients develop white spot lesions (WSL), compromising aesthetics and posing a potential risk of developing a carious lesion. Tooth remineralisation using calcium, fluoride, phosphate and other biocompatible agents is a potential solution.

Aims: This study aimed to compare the remineralising potential of Remin Pro (hydroxyapatite), Sensodyne Pronamel (sodium fluoride) and Pur O3 Olive (ozonated olive oil) on artificially created WSLs using quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) and polarised light microscopy (PLM).

Methodology: An in vitro study was conducted over 1 year using 75 extracted premolars, divided into three groups (n = 25). Artificial carious lesions were created with a demineralising solution, followed by a 21-day pH cycling regime with respective agents. QLF assessed lesion volume (∆Q), fluorescence loss (∆F) and maximum fluorescence loss (∆F Max), while PLM was used to evaluate the enamel subsurface changes qualitatively.

Results: Statistically significant improvements were noted in ∆Q, ∆F and ∆F Max across all groups (P <0.001). Intergroup comparison revealed highly significant changes from pre-test to post-test (P = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in treatment effect between Remin Pro and Pur O3 Olive.

Conclusion: Remin Pro demonstrated greater remineralisation potential compared to Sensodyne Pronamel and Pur O3 Olive under in vitro conditions. There was no statistically significant difference in treatment effect between Remin Pro and Pur O3 Olive.

Aim: To evaluate the compliance of websites promoting proprietary orthodontic appliances available in the UK against advertising standards outlined by the Advertising Standards Authority Committee of Advertising Practice (ASA CAP) Code.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Websites promoting proprietary orthodontic appliances available in the UK, including fixed, removable and aligner systems sold as a complete system under a brand name.

Methods: A comprehensive, systematic approach was adopted, beginning with a 2020 scoping search on Google and social media platforms (Instagram and Facebook) to identify keywords. Keyword searches were conducted on Google in 2020, 2023 and 2025 to identify relevant websites. To ensure contemporary relevance, only websites identified in the final 2025 search were included for analysis. Raters underwent training and calibration before independently evaluating websites for compliance with advertising standards using bespoke judgement criteria derived from the ASA CAP Code, across four domains: comprehensiveness of treatment information; presentation of treatment information; objectivity of treatment information; and substantiation of claims. Discrepancies were resolved through group discussion to determine agreed scores. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Fleiss' kappa and Kruskal-Wallis tests).

Results: The 2025 search identified 970 websites, of which 39 met the inclusion criteria. Inter-rater reliability showed almost perfect agreement (kappa >0.9). Compliance varied significantly across domains: 45% of all claims provided comprehensive information, 54% had clear presentation, 38% maintained objectivity and only 4% of claims were substantiated with evidence. Nearly all websites (95%) omitted common risks and 92% failed to mention alternative treatments. Direct-to-consumer and tele-dentistry websites showed poorer compliance than dentist-delivered systems.

Conclusions: Orthodontic appliance websites showed poor compliance with ASA CAP Code standards. The majority used descriptive language and words in place of numbers to quantify magnitude, alongside subjective content and unsubstantiated claims, with omissions of treatment risks. These findings raise significant concerns about online orthodontic advertising and its potential impact on informed patient decision-making.

Objectives: The aim of this research was to carry out a study of consultant orthodontists in the United Kingdom (UK) and Republic of Ireland (RoI), exploring the information provision for patients both considering and undergoing orthognathic treatment to help inform the development of decision support tools.

Design: A questionnaire-based study of consultant orthodontists in the UK and RoI through the British Orthodontic Society (BOS) Consultant Orthodontist Group.

Setting: Data collected using an online survey platform (Qualtrics^® XM).

Results: A final sample of 56 respondents was achieved with an estimated response rate of 28%. All respondents (100%) said their patients routinely attended an orthognathic multidisciplinary team (MDT) clinic before commencing any active treatment. The majority (98.21%) of respondents said they utilised nationally available resources produced by the BOS, with the most commonly used resource being the BOS 'Your Jaw Surgery' online resource. When considering the benefits of treatment that were routinely discussed, the three most commonly selected responses were improvement in occlusion (92.86%), improvement in facial aesthetics (91.07%) and improvement in dental aesthetics (83.93%). There were nine orthodontic risks that were routinely discussed by more than 90% of respondents, including pain and discomfort, duration of treatment and long-term commitment to retainer wear, alongside 11 surgical risks, including permanent and temporary paraesthesia or dysaesthesia of the lips/chin/tongue, and postoperative pain.

Conclusion: From the responses received, patients considering orthognathic treatment routinely attend an orthognathic MDT clinic before commencing active treatment. Information is provided with nationally available resources and consultant orthodontists routinely discuss risks and benefits of the orthodontic and surgical treatment with prospective patients to help them make informed decisions regarding their care.

Objective: To evaluate the content and quality of videos created by artificial intelligence (AI) video generator platforms, specifically focused on oral hygiene maintenance and dietary advice for orthodontic patients.

Methods: This mixed-method study evaluated five AI video generation platforms: InVideo, VEED.IO, VideoGen, Lumen5 and Steve.AI. A standardised base prompt was used across all platforms, with minor modifications to accommodate each tool's limitations and functionality. Two orthodontists assessed the content of the voice-overs and captions using a checklist for oral hygiene (OHC) and dietary advice (DAC), as well as the Global Quality Scale (GQS) for overall quality. Descriptive analysis evaluated the consistency between voice-over, captions and visuals. A thematic qualitative analysis was conducted, and quantitative comparisons of checklist scores across platforms were made using non-parametric tests.

Results: All videos were rated poorly, each receiving a GQS score of 2, indicating limited usefulness for patient education. VideoGen recorded the highest OHC score, while Steve.AI (Live) recorded the lowest. For the DAC, Lumen5 achieved the highest score, whereas InVideo and VEED.IO obtained the lowest. However, the score between all the platforms for DAC and OHC were not statistically different (P > 0.05). Although flossing advice and fluoride toothpaste recommendations were generally included, key details, such as brushing duration and specific dietary instructions, were often missing. Many videos also contained irrelevant or inaccurate visuals. Thematic analysis identified three main themes: oral hygiene maintenance, dietary advice and orthodontic appointments.

Conclusion: This study found that AI video generation platforms produce content of poor quality and relevance for oral hygiene maintenance and dietary advice for orthodontic patients.