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Phytochemical and Biological effects of Sesamum indicum L.- A Review 芝麻的植物化学和生物学效应研究进展
Pub Date : 2022-02-19 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v5i1.8-11
Kh. Rashed
Sesamum indicum L. is from Family:Pedaliaceae. It plays an important role in ancient culture and modern system of medicine. It is commonly known as sesame. It is cultivated throughout India, mainly for its seeds and oil. The plant traditionally used in the treatment of hemorrhoids, dys-entery, constipation, cough, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea and ulcers. It also has antifungal, anticancer, antitumor, antiatherosclerotic activity. The total alcoholic extracts of all residual aerial parts of this plant show antioxidant, anticancer, antiaging and anticoagulant activities.
芝麻属菊科。它在古代文化和现代医学体系中占有重要地位。它通常被称为芝麻。印度各地都有种植,主要是为了它的种子和油。这种植物传统上用于治疗痔疮、肠绞痛、便秘、咳嗽、闭经、痛经和溃疡。它还具有抗真菌、抗癌、抗肿瘤、抗动脉粥样硬化的活性。该植物所有地上残部的总醇提取物均具有抗氧化、抗癌、抗衰老和抗凝血活性。
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引用次数: 0
Isolation and Characterization of Bacillus Consortia for Plant Growth Promotion in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) 促进水稻生长的联合芽孢杆菌的分离与鉴定
Pub Date : 2022-02-19 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v5i1.17-28
K. Modi, S. Jha, P. Patel, Harish Suthar
In this study, soil samples from the rhizosphere of various uncultivated weeds were collected from fifteen different locations of Gujarat. Heat treatment was given at 65°C for 20 minutes prior to initial screening for spore-forming Bacillus spp. Among them, 20 nitrogen-fixing (NFB), 27 phosphate solubilising (PSB) and 15 potassium mobilizing (KMB) isolates were screened primarily. After molecular identification only Bacillus isolates were further selected and characterized. Three superior Bacillus isolates were selected from each category by secondary screening. All isolates belonging to different category were compatible in nature and showed significant ammonia production, ARA, phosphate solubilisation, potassium mobilization, siderophore production, IAA production and organic acid producers.  The relative expression analysis of three genes NRT2.1 (Nitrate transporter), PT6 (Phosphorus transporter), and AKT1 (Potassium transporter) at transcriptional level were performed in the juvenile root tissues of Rice using qRT-PCR technique at 15th, 30th and 45th days after transplanting with Actin as a internal control. Rice transplants were inoculated with different NPK fixing Bacillus consortia, which significantly improved growth parameters as compared to control in field study. Various growth and yield attributing characters of rice viz., plant height (at 60 DAT, 90 DAT, and at harvesting), number of productive tillers, days to 50 % flowering, 100 seed weight, grain yield, straw yield, as well as dry biomass per hectare were significantly influenced by different treatments. An application of 100 % RDF with NPK consortia  (T7) treatment of rice crop resulted in significantly higher plant height (49.25 cm at 60 DAT, 107.00 cm at 90 DAT, 129.50 cm at harvesting), days to 50% flowering (75.63),  100 seed weight (3.53 g), number of productive tillers per plant (12.13), grain yield (6889.00 kg ha-1), straw yield (8754.25 kg ha-1) and dry biomass (7889.25 kg ha-1) followed by the treatments T4 (T2 + N consortia), T5 (T2 + P consortia), T6 (T2 + K consortia), and T2 (RDF (NP) 100%). Nutrient content in grain and straw was differing significantly due to different treatments. However, significantly higher N, P, K, content in straw (1.28 %, 0.15 %, and 1.52 %) and grain (2.06 %, 0.23 %, and 0.25 %) respectively, were recorded under the treatment T7. The spore forming Bacillus consortia was able to survive at a wide range of temperature and pH fluctuations and found to be effective as N-fixers, P-solubilizers, K-mobilizers, siderophore producers, IAA producers with having antagonistic activity against rice pathogen Magnaportha oryzae.
在本研究中,从古吉拉特邦15个不同地点收集了各种未栽培杂草的根际土壤样品。初步筛选产孢芽孢杆菌,在65℃条件下热处理20分钟,筛选出20株固氮菌(NFB)、27株增磷菌(PSB)和15株钾动员菌(KMB)。经过分子鉴定后,对分离的芽孢杆菌进行了进一步的筛选和鉴定。通过二次筛选,从每个类别中筛选出3株优良的芽孢杆菌分离株。所有不同种类的菌株在性质上都是相容的,并表现出显著的氨产量、ARA、磷酸盐增溶、钾动员、铁载体产量、IAA产量和有机酸产量。以移栽后第15、30、45天为对照,采用qRT-PCR技术对NRT2.1(硝酸盐转运体)、PT6(磷转运体)和AKT1(钾转运体)3个基因在水稻幼根组织中转录水平的相对表达量进行了分析。在水稻移栽试验中,接种不同的固氮钾联合芽孢杆菌可显著改善移栽水稻的生长参数。水稻的生长和产量属性,即株高(60、90和收获时)、有效分蘖数、开花至50%的天数、百粒重、籽粒产量、秸秆产量和每公顷干生物量均受不同处理的显著影响。应用100%的RDF与氮磷钾财团(T7)治疗明显高于水稻作物导致株高(60 DAT 49.25厘米,107.00厘米90 DAT,在收获129.50厘米),天开花的50%(75.63),100种子重量(3.53 g),每个工厂的生产分蘖数(12.13),粮食产量(6889.00公斤农业,产草量(8754.25公斤农业和干重(7889.25公斤农业其次是治疗T4 (T2 + N财团),T5 (T2 + P财团),T6 (T2 + K财团),T2 (RDF (NP) 100%)。不同处理对籽粒和秸秆养分含量有显著影响。而T7处理的N、P、K含量分别显著高于秸秆(1.28%、0.15%和1.52%)和籽粒(2.06%、0.23%和0.25%)。形成孢子的联合芽孢杆菌能够在大范围的温度和pH波动下存活,并被发现作为n -固定剂、p -增溶剂、k -动员剂、铁载体产生物、IAA产生物有效,对水稻病原菌稻瘟病具有拮抗活性。
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引用次数: 1
Growth Parameters of Pleurotus ostreatus Cultivation Using Paddy Straw as a Substrate 以水稻秸秆为基质栽培平菇的生长参数
Pub Date : 2022-02-19 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v5i1.12-16
Harish Suthar, R. Patel, K. Modi, Paresh Patel, M. Khunt
Pleurotus ostreatus are large, oyster-shell shaped edible mushroom which can be easily identified by their grey white, oyster shell shaped cap which is attached to a thick, firm stalk. They are nutritionally rich contain good amount of vitamin C, niacin, riboflavin, thiamin and cobalamin. They have high oleic acid and linoleic acid content. They also contain lovastatin and pleuran. Hence, oyster mushroom exhibit anti-atherosclerotic, hypo-glycemic, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer and immuno-modulatory properties. P. ostreatus is one of the commonly sought wild mushrooms and paddy straw is mainly used as a substrate for its cultivation. Mycelial growth is a preliminary step that creates suitable internal conditions for fruiting. Thus, out-standing growth of mycelium is a vital factor in mushroom cultivation. In the present study, P. ostreatus cultivation was carried out using paddy straw as a substrate. Spawning was done in layers in polythene bags (24 ×16 inch). All the 10 spawned bags were arranged in a dark cropping room on raised platform for mycelium colonization of substrate. Suitable temperature (~28°C) and relative humidity (~80%) were maintained during incubation. Harvesting of mushrooms was carried out before the margin starts folding inwards. Observations such as days for spawn run, days for pinhead formation and first harvest, number of primordia, total weight and total yield of mushroom were measured in the study. It took 23.50 ± 1.27 days for spawn run and 27-31 days for pinhead. First harvest of fruiting bodies was done after the ~4th day of the pinhead formation. Total 224 primordia were noted up to the day of the first harvest from ten bags. The fruiting bodies were harvested into three flushes and total yield after 38 days of incubation was ~4.48 kg.
平菇是一种巨大的、牡蛎壳形状的食用蘑菇,它的灰白色的、牡蛎壳形状的盖子附着在一根粗壮的茎上,很容易辨认。它们营养丰富,含有大量的维生素C、烟酸、核黄素、维生素b1和钴胺素。油酸和亚油酸含量高。它们还含有洛伐他汀和白藜芦醇。因此,平菇具有抗动脉粥样硬化、降血糖、抗氧化、抗癌和免疫调节等特性。ostreatus是一种常见的野生蘑菇,水稻秸秆是其栽培的主要基质。菌丝生长是为结果创造适宜的内部条件的初步步骤。因此,菌丝体的良好生长是蘑菇栽培的重要因素。在本研究中,以水稻秸秆为基质,进行了白僵菌的栽培。产卵是在多层聚乙烯袋(24 ×16英寸)中完成的。10个产囊均放置在暗室的凸起平台上,用于菌丝在基质上定植。孵育期间保持适宜的温度(~28℃)和相对湿度(~80%)。蘑菇的收获是在边缘开始向内折叠之前进行的。测定了菌种运行天数、针尖形成天数和首次收获天数、菌种原基数量、菌种总重和菌种总产量等。产卵期为23.50±1.27 d,针刺期为27 ~ 31 d。第一次子实体的收获是在针尖形成后的第4天。在第一次收获的当天,共从10袋中发现了224株原草。子实体分三期收获,培养38 d后总产量约4.48 kg。
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引用次数: 0
Observations on Bioculture and Medicinal Practices in Akkalkuwa Tehsil (Nandurbar District) In Maharashtra 马哈拉施特拉邦Akkalkuwa Tehsil (Nandurbar区)生物养殖和医疗实践的观察
Pub Date : 2022-02-19 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v5i1.4-7
Swapnil Khare, Dr.Shubhangi Pawar, D. Patil
An inventory was conducted in a tribal dominated tehsil Akkalkuwa in Nandurbar district of Maharashtra. It was aimed at knowing role of plants in the life of tribal people from the standpoint of concrete and abstract relationship with the ambient plant world. Total 12 angiospermic species belonging to 12 genera and 11 families have a considerable role in their bioculture and healthcare. All these species are used to combat various human afflictions in the form of different recipes. A considerable diversity of diseases is recorded in the area under study. Plant species interwoven with indigenous culture should also be examined for concrete relationship for the welfare of mankind.
在马哈拉施特拉邦Nandurbar区的一个部落主导的tehsil Akkalkuwa进行了调查。它旨在从与周围植物世界的具体和抽象关系的角度了解植物在部落人民生活中的作用。被子植物共12种,隶属于11科12属,具有重要的生物栽培和保健作用。所有这些物种都以不同的配方形式被用来对抗各种人类疾病。在所研究的地区记录了相当多样的疾病。与土著文化交织在一起的植物物种也应加以研究,以确定它们与人类福祉的具体关系。
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引用次数: 0
Floristic Studies in Two Species of Eleocharis R. Brown (Cyperaceae) 两种苏柏属植物区系研究
Pub Date : 2021-12-06 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v4i6.299-301
Dr. Shaikh Rafeeque Ishakhoddin
Present study is on our own critical observations on fresh plant material collected from the different parts. The observations are also based on herbarium specimens. Relevant data from literature have been referred for comparative study and conclusion including recent nomenclature. The study of Eleocharis R. Brown provides a detailed taxonomic description, illustration and relevant information for its easy identification in the field. Two species are collected and are described. The present report is hoped to provide basic material for further research in Cyperaceae
本研究是在我们自己对从不同地区收集的新鲜植物材料进行批判性观察的基础上进行的。这些观察结果也是基于植物标本馆的标本。参考文献中的相关数据进行比较研究和总结,包括最新的命名法。本研究提供了详细的分类描述、图例和相关资料,便于野外鉴定。收集了两种并对其进行了描述。希望为苏科植物的进一步研究提供基础资料
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引用次数: 0
Status, Threats and Conservation of the Wetland Ecosystem Dominated with Mangroves in India 印度红树林为主湿地生态系统的现状、威胁与保护
Pub Date : 2021-12-02 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v4i6.277-286
Sharda Dhadse, Pramila Majumdar, Ashwini Valluri, P. Sakhare
Mangroves are one of the most undermined biological systems. They have immense ecological and economic advantages. Consistent, increment in natural and coastal development like a change of wetlands for hydroponics, construction for tourism, the tsunami has led to the demolishment of mangrove environments in India. The inhabitants of minor zones are at risk of losing their livelihood and there is a threat to the existence of the mangrove ecosystem. It has been noted that from a decade ago, about 40% of the Indian mangrove territories have been lost. At present, the environmental changes and increased anthropogenic activities have become a significant concern for the conservation and sustaining of the mangroves. Conservation of mangrove environment can be accomplished by increasing awareness about their significance among various stakeholders and safeguarding them through mandatory national policy and regulations. A specific policy like Coastal Zone Regulation has been formulated to ensure mangrove conservation, sustainable existence of local community habitat along the coastal area, fishing community, and coastal stretches for marine habitat have been protected.
红树林是受到破坏最严重的生物系统之一。它们具有巨大的生态和经济优势。自然和沿海发展的持续增长,如湿地的水培变化,旅游业的建设,海啸导致了印度红树林环境的破坏。小区域的居民面临着失去生计的危险,红树林生态系统的存在也受到威胁。人们注意到,从十年前开始,大约40%的印度红树林已经消失。目前,环境变化和人为活动的增加已成为红树林保护和维持的一个重要问题。红树林环境的保护可以通过提高各利益攸关方对其重要性的认识,并通过强制性的国家政策和法规加以保护来实现。制定了《海岸带条例》等具体政策,确保红树林的保护、沿海地区当地社区栖息地的可持续存在、渔业社区和海洋栖息地的沿海延伸得到保护。
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引用次数: 0
Morphological and Phytochemical Studies on Xanthium strumarium L. 苍耳的形态与植物化学研究。
Pub Date : 2021-12-02 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v4i6.287-290
S. Chavan, A. U. Kulkarni
Xanthium strumarium L. belonging to family Asteraceae is an annual herb with abundance occurring in India. This plant has been used in the indigenous system of medicine for a long time in India as well as other countries. The morphological studies reveal that there is notable difference in the plant habit, leaves, stem, root and flowers among this plant. Morphological study also helps for correct identification and nomenclature of plant. The chemicals present in root, stem and leaves drugs are analyzed physically as well as chemically by qualitative and quantitative parameters. In present study reveals morphology, medicinal properties and phytochemical studies of plants for correct identification authenticity of drugs. The details are presented in the present paper. 
苍耳属菊科,是印度丰富的一年生草本植物。这种植物在印度和其他国家的本土医学体系中已经使用了很长时间。形态学研究表明,该植物在植物习性、叶、茎、根和花等方面存在显著差异。形态学研究也有助于植物的正确鉴定和命名。通过定性和定量参数对药物根、茎、叶中的化学物质进行物理和化学分析。通过对植物形态学、药用特性和植物化学的研究,正确鉴别药物的真伪。本文详细介绍了该方法。
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引用次数: 0
Role of Botanical Herbs Used in Covid-19 Treatment and Cure 植物草药在Covid-19治疗和治愈中的作用
Pub Date : 2021-12-02 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v4i6.291-298
Kavita Chauhan, Amulya Gupta, S. Agrawal
Corona 2019 (COVID-19) is a new infectious disease caused by acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which belongs to the family of corona viruses. The first case appeared in December 2019, and the disease has transformed into a pandemic. Physical disability control is one of the main parts that play a role in its disease and leads to adverse effects for COVID-19 patients. At present, people believe taking herbal treatment that can stop COVID-19.  Medicinal plants can distribute as the therapeutic agents so it can help people to fight against the COVID-19 disease by boost their immunities. And such as, it can help to decrease the death rate that are linked with SARS-CoV-2 infections. So, in this analysis, we can make an effort to combine and talk about of different kind of traditional medicinal plants and their biological properties that can help to build-up our immune system and also play a biggest role in the fight against the viral infections including COVID-19. This document will help researchers and industry to recognize and assess in the making medicinal herb that can meet their needs in a variation of applications including herbal / ayurvedic antiviral products, anti-bacterial/antimicrobial design, immune-potentiator development, sanitization and sanitization programs. 
2019冠状病毒(COVID-19)是由冠状病毒科急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)引起的一种新型传染病。第一例病例出现在2019年12月,该疾病已演变为大流行。身体残疾控制是导致COVID-19患者出现不良反应的主要原因之一。目前,人们认为服用草药可以阻止COVID-19。药用植物可以作为治疗剂分发,因此可以通过增强免疫力来帮助人们对抗COVID-19疾病。例如,它可以帮助降低与SARS-CoV-2感染相关的死亡率。因此,在这一分析中,我们可以努力结合和谈论不同类型的传统药用植物及其生物特性,这些特性可以帮助建立我们的免疫系统,并在对抗包括COVID-19在内的病毒感染方面发挥最大作用。本文件将帮助研究人员和工业界认识和评估在草药/阿育吠陀抗病毒产品、抗菌/抗菌素设计、免疫增强剂开发、卫生处理和卫生处理计划等各种应用中能够满足他们需求的草药。
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引用次数: 0
Studies on Ethnobotanical Plants used by Banjara Tribal Community of Hingoli district in Maharashtra, India 印度马哈拉施特拉邦Hingoli地区Banjara部落社区使用的民族植物研究
Pub Date : 2021-09-16 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v4i4-5.250-256
Radheshyam Chavan, A. A. Waghmare, S. Choudhari
The Ethnomedicinal survey on medicinal plants and their traditional uses was carried out in Sengaon Dist. Hingoli in Maharashtra. These areas are floristically rich area; in this area different species are growing in their natural habitat. The Banjara community of these regions uses some of the plants as medicine for the treatment of human ailments. In this area 100 ethnomedicinal plants species belonging to 50 families were recorded from Sengaon Dist. Hingoli. Some of them, about 45 important plants are mentioned in this paper. These plants are arranged accordingly alphabetically, local names and family and parts used as medicine.
关于药用植物及其传统用途的民族医学调查在马哈拉施特拉邦辛戈利的Sengaon区进行。这些地区是植物资源丰富的地区;在这个地区,不同的物种在它们的自然栖息地生长。这些地区的班加拉社区使用一些植物作为治疗人类疾病的药物。本研究区从辛戈利县Sengaon区共记录到50科100种民族药用植物。本文介绍了其中的45种重要植物。这些植物按字母顺序排列,当地名称和家庭以及用作药物的部分。
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引用次数: 0
Status and Development of Exotic Crops in Khandesh Region of Maharashtra (India): A Plea for Agrobiodiversity Conservation 印度马哈拉施特拉邦坎德什地区外来作物的现状与发展:对农业生物多样性保护的呼吁
Pub Date : 2021-09-16 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v4i4-5.230-235
S. Khairnar, M. Patil, D. Patil
Selective utilization of limited crop species threatened some other crop species. This trend rendered some crop species into underutilised grain crops throughout.  At this backdrop, the present authors inventorised  agrobioversity in Khandesh region of Maharashtra(India).  The area was visited in different seasons.  The tribal farmers were interviewed to tap down information with respect  to agroclimate, yield, characteristic features etc.  Actual field visits were also made in study area.  The crop species were deciphered using standard state, regional and district floras, besides the manuals and cyclopedia of cultivated plants.  Total 17 exotic crop species were investigated belonging to cereals, millets, pulses and edible oil-yielders.  The data accrued has been evaluated with the relevant national and international scenario.  A need for their conservation is earmarked with particular emphasis on underutilised millets.  The subject-matter is further dilated in view of their importance for the welfare tribal people in the area and developing countries.
有限作物品种的选择性利用对其他作物品种构成威胁。这一趋势使一些作物品种成为未充分利用的粮食作物。在此背景下,本文作者对印度马哈拉施特拉邦Khandesh地区的农业生物多样性进行了盘点。这个地区在不同的季节被参观。对部落农民进行了采访,以获取有关农业气候、产量、特征等方面的信息。在研究地区也进行了实地考察。除了使用栽培植物手册和百科全书外,还使用标准州、区域和地区植物区系来破译作物物种。调查了17种外来作物,分别属于谷物、小米、豆类和油料作物。已根据有关的国家和国际情景对积累的数据进行了评价。对它们的保护需要特别强调未充分利用的小米。鉴于它们对该地区和发展中国家的部落人民的福利的重要性,进一步扩大了这个主题。
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引用次数: 0
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