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Phytochemical and Biological effects of Newbouldia laevis: A Review 植物化学和生物学效应研究进展
Pub Date : 2021-09-16 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v4i4-5.208-213
Kh. Rashed
Newbouldia laevis (L) plant is a medium sized angiosperm and it is from Bignoniaceae family. In Nigeria vernacular, it is called Aduruku. It is popularly known as the tree of life or fertility tree in Nigeria. The plant has been found to be effective in the treatment of elephantiasis, dysentery, rheumatic swellings, syphilis, constipation, pile and as a vermifuge to round worms. It has also been found useful for earache, sore feet, chest pain, epilepsy and children's convulsion. Previous chemical studies proved that it has flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, phenolics, saponins, cardiac glycosides and alkaloids.
新蒲属(Newbouldia laevis, L)植物是一种中等大小的被子植物,属大戟科。在尼日利亚方言中,它被称为Aduruku。在尼日利亚,它通常被称为生命之树或生育之树。这种植物被发现对象皮病、痢疾、风湿肿胀、梅毒、便秘、痔疮和圆虫的寄生虫有有效的治疗作用。它也被发现对耳痛、脚痛、胸痛、癫痫和儿童抽搐有用。以前的化学研究证明,它含有黄酮类、单宁、萜烯、酚类、皂苷、心苷和生物碱。
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引用次数: 0
Plant Iconography Vis-A-Vis Plant Invasion in India: Glimpses, Sources and Evidences 印度植物入侵:一瞥,来源和证据
Pub Date : 2021-09-16 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v4i4-5.214-224
D. Patil
India is a biodiversity rich country as well as mosaic of cultural traditions. Plant invasion has been demonstrated by biodiversity studies in India. Mankind had always determined the status of plant, whether indigenous or exotic and developed with them abstract relationships. The present author revealed a role of 26 exotic plant species in the development plant iconography and simultaneous forces of plant invasion in India even during pre-Columbian period. India being rich in ancient literary sources in the form of Vedas, Puranas, epics, caves, temples, Sanskrit writings etc. and replete with plant references, afforded numerous sources of plant iconography. It is an outstanding resource for research on plant history and diversity. However, study of plant iconography demands a wide collaboration with researchers of different subjects or disciplines. At the same, plant invasion hand-in-hand plant iconography are discussed pertinently in Indian context, a hitherto virgin area of research.
印度是一个生物多样性丰富的国家,也是一个文化传统丰富的国家。印度的生物多样性研究证实了植物入侵。人类总是确定植物的地位,无论是本地的还是外来的,并与它们发展了抽象的关系。本文揭示了26种外来植物在前哥伦布时期印度植物的发育和入侵过程中所起的作用。印度拥有丰富的古代文学资源,如吠陀经、古兰经、史诗、洞穴、寺庙、梵文著作等,并充满了植物参考资料,提供了许多植物肖像的来源。它是研究植物历史和多样性的重要资源。然而,植物肖像学的研究需要与不同学科或学科的研究人员广泛合作。同时,植物入侵手拉手植物图像有针对性地讨论了在印度的背景下,迄今为止的研究处女地。
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引用次数: 0
Panini’s Astadhyayi in the Eyes of Plant Invasion on Indian Subcontinent 印度次大陆植物入侵视角下的Panini’s Astadhyayi
Pub Date : 2021-09-16 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v4i4-5.236-242
D. Patil
Indigenous plantlore is a manifestation in a given community, based on adaptation and wisdom of local people and environment. It develops over times and continues so also. This treasure of traditional knowledge is used to sustain the community and its bioculture. In long past, people of great understanding, christalized their wisdom in some treatises such as the Panini’s Astadhyayi. This treatise is understood and well known for the genesis and development of Sanskrit knowledge. Ancient Sanskrit scripts usually contain information concerning culture and sustenance based on plant world. The present author analysed it in view of plant invasion on Indian landmass in Panini’s time. Total 45 exotic plant species belonging to 44 genera and 29 angiospermic families are divulged from it. These belong to nearly all corners of the Old and New Worlds. Majority of them (28 species) are cultigens and still continue even in modern period in India. Of course, rest of them are wild, naturalised and presently constitute integral part of Indian biodiversity. The importance of such ancient treatises is dilated in this communication.
土著植物是基于当地人民和环境的适应和智慧在特定社区中的表现。它随着时间的推移而发展,并将继续如此。这些宝贵的传统知识被用来维持社区及其生物文化。在很久以前,伟大的理解的人,在一些论文中,如帕尼尼的Astadhyayi,将他们的智慧基督化。这篇论文被理解并以梵语知识的起源和发展而闻名。古梵文通常包含有关植物世界的文化和营养的信息。本文从帕尼尼时期印度大陆植物入侵的角度对其进行了分析。共有45种外来植物,隶属于被子植物科29科44属。这些属于新世界和旧世界的几乎所有角落。其中大多数(28种)是栽培植物,甚至在现代印度仍然存在。当然,其余的都是野生的,归化的,目前构成了印度生物多样性的组成部分。这些古代论文的重要性在这次交流中得到了扩展。
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引用次数: 0
Studies on Ethno-botanical Plants Used by Banjara Tribal Community of Hingoli District in Maharashtra, India 印度马哈拉施特拉邦辛戈里地区班加拉部落社区使用的民族植物研究
Pub Date : 2021-09-16 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v4i5.250-256
R. Chavan, A. A. Waghmare, S. S. Chaudhari
The Ethnomedicinal survey on medicinal plants and their traditional uses was carried out in Sengaon Dist. Hingoli in Maharashtra. These areas are floristically rich area; in this area different species are growing in their natural habitat. The Banjara community of these regions uses some of the plants as medicine for the treatment of human ailments. In this area 100 ethnomedicinal plants species belonging to 50 families were recorded from Sengaon Dist. Hingoli. Some of them, about 45 important plants are mentioned in this paper. These plants are arranged accordingly alphabetically, local names and family and parts used as medicine.
关于药用植物及其传统用途的民族医学调查在马哈拉施特拉邦辛戈利的Sengaon区进行。这些地区是植物资源丰富的地区;在这个地区,不同的物种在它们的自然栖息地生长。这些地区的班加拉社区使用一些植物作为治疗人类疾病的药物。本研究区从辛戈利县Sengaon区共记录到50科100种民族药用植物。本文介绍了其中的45种重要植物。这些植物按字母顺序排列,当地名称和家庭以及用作药物的部分。
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引用次数: 0
Studies on Canopy Parameters of Some Mangroves Along the Coast of Maharashtra 马哈拉施特拉邦沿海一些红树林冠层参数的研究
Pub Date : 2021-09-16 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v4i4-5.225-229
N. Kulkarni, L. Bhosale
Mangrove species, viz., Avicennia officinalis, Avicennia marina var. acutissima, Avicennia marina (dwarf), Rhizophora mucronata, Sonneratia alba, Aegiceras  corniculatum, Kandelia  candel were chosen for measurement of height of the tree and girth or circumference. The sampling was random and at least 50 records were made. The girth is measured by the tape. The measurement of the height is made with the help of abny level. The Tables 1 to 8 records the values for girth, height and canopy cover as well as for correlation coefficient (r). There correlation between girth and canopy in all the species studied however in case of Avicennia officinalis and Aegiceras corniculatum girth and height show more co-relation than girth and C. cover. The positive co-relation observed between girth and canopy is more or less 0.7 except Avicennia marina (dwarf) Excoecaria agallocha and Aegiceras corniculatum. The co-relation is observed in girth and height is difficult to explain. This case is observed in Avicennia officinalis and Aegiceras corniculatum.
测量树高和树周长,选择红树种:木香、木香、矮木香、毛根茎、海桑、海葵、坎德尔。抽样是随机的,至少做了50个记录。周长是用卷尺量的。高度的测量是借助任意水平仪进行的。表1 ~表8记录了周长、高度和冠层盖度的值以及相关系数r。所研究的所有物种的周长与冠层之间都存在相关性,但在云杉和盾叶杉的情况下,周长与高度的相关性大于周长与冠层的相关性。周长与冠层的正相关(除矮生大叶蝉外)均在0.7左右。在周长和高度上观察到的相关关系很难解释。这种情况在海棠和角状海棠中观察到。
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引用次数: 0
Changes in Soil Carbon Sequestration during Woody Plant Encroachment in Arid Ecosystems 干旱生态系统木本植物入侵过程中土壤固碳的变化
Pub Date : 2021-09-16 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v4i4-5.266-276
P. Naikwade
Carbon sequestration is one of the most important and highly recommended measures for mitigating climate change. Soil organic carbon (SOC) has potential to sequester the largest amount of carbon (C) for the longest time period in the midst of the organic C sinks in terrestrial ecosystems of the earth. In recent years, apprehension of the role of soils as sink for carbon on a wide-ranging scale has become dynamic. From last 150 years, encroachment of trees and shrubs into grasslands and the ‘thicketization’ of savannas have been reported and is a global phenomenon. One possibly beneficial effect could be that the shrub and tree-dominated ecosystems will sequester more carbon and will be a buffer for elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. The question of what is impact of woody encroachment on soil carbon balance of an ecosystem has proved difficult to answer, and the results remain debatable. The magnitude and pattern of changes in the SOC with woody encroachment are exceedingly abstruse and varies from significant increases, to significant decreases to no net change in SOC. Impact of wood plant encroachment on carbon sequestration is discussed in this paper considering various studies with different results so it will lead to better understanding of the complex phenomenon. SOC sequestration is effective greenhouse gas mitigation strategy and a vital ecosystem service. Increasing SOC may helpful to mitigate negative effects of growing concentration of CO2 in atmosphere and may be advantageous in decelerating or reversal in global climate change rate.
固碳是缓解气候变化的最重要和最值得推荐的措施之一。土壤有机碳(SOC)在地球陆地生态系统有机碳汇中具有封存碳量最大、封存时间最长的潜力。近年来,对土壤作为碳汇在大范围内的作用的理解已经变得动态。在过去的150年里,树木和灌木侵入草原和稀树草原的“茂密化”已经被报道,并且是一个全球现象。一个可能的有益影响是,以灌木和树木为主的生态系统将吸收更多的碳,并将成为大气中二氧化碳水平升高的缓冲。事实证明,木材侵蚀对生态系统土壤碳平衡的影响是难以回答的问题,其结果仍存在争议。森林侵蚀过程中土壤有机碳的变化幅度和格局极为复杂,从显著增加到显著减少再到无净变化。本文结合不同的研究结果,讨论了木本植物入侵对固碳的影响,从而更好地理解这一复杂的现象。有机碳固存是有效的温室气体减排策略,是一项重要的生态系统服务。土壤有机碳的增加可能有助于缓解大气中CO2浓度增长的负面影响,并可能有利于减缓或逆转全球气候变化的速度。
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引用次数: 0
Plants of Temples and Religious Places in Khandesh Region (Maharashtra): An Ethnobotanical Perspective 坎德什地区(马哈拉施特拉邦)寺庙和宗教场所的植物:民族植物学的视角
Pub Date : 2021-09-16 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v4i4-5.257-265
Swapnil Khare, S. Pawar, D. Patil
Plants have been, since time immemorial, the focus of religious purposes for many human societies worldwide. Because of efficacious use in religious aspects, some plant species are said to be important. Certain plants are held sacred due to their intimate association with special locations like temple courtyards. These locations are easily overlooked for scientific investigations. People are closely associated with the plant-wealth in such places as well although on religious ground. These need to be tapped for indigenous wisdom for human welfare. The present authors inventorised three districts of Khandesh region (Maharashtra) to divulge plantlore. Total 28 species belonging to 27 genera and 21 angiospermic families are presently focussed touching four aspects viz., sacredness, miscellaneous uses, cosmetics and medicinal utilities. The worshippers, trustees and people intimately associated with temples and religious places have been interviewed to tap down traditional ethnobotanical information. This work provides an account of religious and cultural ways of conserving biodiversity. At the same, these places help improve local environment. Further studies in a country like India are desired to unearth the potentials of religious locations.
自古以来,植物一直是全世界许多人类社会宗教目的的焦点。由于在宗教方面的有效使用,一些植物物种被认为是重要的。某些植物被视为神圣的,因为它们与寺庙庭院等特殊地点密切相关。这些地点很容易被科学调查所忽视。在这些地方,人们与植物财富密切相关,尽管是出于宗教原因。为了人类的福祉,这些都需要挖掘本土智慧。目前的作者发明了Khandesh地区(Maharashtra)的三个区来泄露植物。目前研究的被子植物科21科27属28种,涉及神圣性、杂用性、化妆品和药用4个方面。我们采访了与寺庙和宗教场所密切相关的信徒、受托人以及人们,以挖掘传统的民族植物学信息。这项工作提供了保护生物多样性的宗教和文化方式的说明。同时,这些地方有助于改善当地环境。希望在印度这样的国家进行进一步的研究,以发掘宗教场所的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Pali Tipitaka in The Perspective of Plant Invasion in India 从印度植物入侵的角度看巴利文三藏
Pub Date : 2021-09-16 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v4i4-5.243-249
D. Patil
This communication is an effort to decipher phytogeographic alterations particularly due to exotic plants associated with the teachings and disclosures of Lord Buddha. The various exotic taxa on Indian landmass in Lord Buddha’s time had an important role to play in human sustenance and civilization. The present author, therefore, analysed plant species as contained in ‘Pali Tipitaka’ in view of plant invasion in ancient period in Indian territory. It was possible to identify total 70 exotic plant species pertaining to 66 genera and 41 angiospermic families. Majority of them (47 species) are introduced for cultivation in India to sustain human life, while 19 species exhibit wildness and integral to Indian biodiversity in present time. Their native geographical regions are deciphered consulting relevant literature. They belong to both Old and New Worlds. Importance of ancient religious scriptures is brought under clearer focus from standpoint of phytogeography and plant invasion.
这种交流是一种破译植物地理变化的努力,特别是由于与佛祖的教导和启示有关的外来植物。在佛陀时代,印度大陆上的各种外来物种对人类的生存和文明发挥了重要作用。因此,本文从古代印度境内植物入侵的角度,对《巴利藏经》中所载的植物种类进行了分析。共鉴定出外来植物70种,隶属被子植物科41科66属。其中大多数(47种)是为了维持人类生活而引进印度种植的,而19种则表现出野生性,是当今印度生物多样性的组成部分。他们的原籍地理区域是参考相关文献解读出来的。它们既属于旧世界,也属于新世界。从植物地理学和植物入侵的角度,更清晰地揭示了古代宗教经典的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Retention of B-Carotene from Leafy Vegetables 叶类蔬菜中b -胡萝卜素的保留
Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v3i6.99-103
Haribabu Narra
During the present investigations, effect of table salt on retention of ?-carotene from leafy vegetables from Marathwada was studied. Getting vegetables throughout the year is obscure in rain feed area like Marathwada. Retention of nutrition from vegetables is important for health in absence of in adequate preservation techniques. Five different green leafy vegetables which are consumed by the peoples on large scale have been tried during the present piece of work. These vegetables are Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), Shepu (Anathum graveolens L.) and Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) which are commonly consumed in Marathwada region. These vegetables were soaked with solution of common Table salt i.e. Sodium Chloride (NaCl) at different concentrations. After analysis it was noted that in Spinach, Coriander, Trigonella and Anthem. The results obtained during the work clearly indicate that, the common salt can act as excellent preservative for retention of ?-carotene from leafy vegetables.
在本研究中,研究了食盐对马拉特瓦达省叶菜中-胡萝卜素保留率的影响。在马拉特瓦达这样的雨养地区,全年都能吃到蔬菜是件不容易的事。在缺乏适当保存技术的情况下,保存蔬菜中的营养对健康至关重要。在本作品中,我们尝试了五种不同的绿叶蔬菜,这些蔬菜被人们大量食用。这些蔬菜是菠菜(Spinacia oleracea L.),香菜(Coriandrum sativum L.),葫芦巴(Trigonella foenum-graecum L.),石普(Anathum graveolens L.)和卷心菜(Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.),这些蔬菜通常在马拉特瓦达地区食用。这些蔬菜用不同浓度的普通食盐即氯化钠(NaCl)浸泡。经分析发现,菠菜、香菜、Trigonella和Anthem中含有。研究结果表明,普通盐类对叶类蔬菜中-胡萝卜素具有优良的保鲜剂作用。
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引用次数: 0
Tissue Culture Studies in Withania Somnifera (L.) Dunal Withania Somnifera的组织培养研究Dunal
Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.32439/ps.v3i6.95-98
Haribabu Narra
Withania somnifera is an important medicinal herb that has been widely used for the treatment of different clinical conditions. The overall medicinal properties of Withania somnifera make it a viable therapeutic agent for addressing anxiety, cancer, microbial infection, immunomodulation, and neurodegenerative disorders. Biochemical constituents of Withania somnifera like withanolide A, withanolide D, withaferin A and withaniamides play an important role in its pharmacological properties. Proteins like Withania somnifera glycoprotein and withania lectin like-protein possess potent therapeutic properties like antimicrobial, anti-snake venom poison and antimicrobial. In this review, we have tried to present different pharmacological properties associated with different extract preparations, phytochemical constituents and protein component of Withania somnifera. Future insights in this direction have also been highlighted.
Withania somnifera是一种重要的草药,已被广泛用于治疗不同的临床疾病。Withania somnifera的整体药用特性使其成为治疗焦虑,癌症,微生物感染,免疫调节和神经退行性疾病的可行治疗剂。Withania somnifera的生化成分withanolide A、withanolide D、withaferin A和withanamides在其药理作用中起重要作用。Withania somnifera糖蛋白和Withania凝集素样蛋白等蛋白质具有抗菌、抗蛇毒和抗菌等有效的治疗特性。本文从不同提取制剂、植物化学成分和蛋白质成分等方面综述了苦荞麦的不同药理作用。在这个方向上的未来见解也得到了强调。
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引用次数: 0
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Plantae Scientia
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