Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.11648/j.jps.20231104.14
Masreshaw Yirga, Yechalew Sileshi, Demelash Bassa
: Soybean is becoming the most important oil crops in Ethiopia. The national soybean breeding program is working to develop high-yielding, adaptable and stable varieties to increase production and productivity in the country. Breeding for early-maturing varieites is currently given due emphasis to overcome soybean production drawbacks in moisture defecit areas. Hence, performance evaluation of early maturing soybean genotypes across representative environments is essential to examine genotype × environment (GxE) interactions and identify the most stable and performed genotype. The trial was conducted using 10 soybean genotypes including checks in RCB design with four replications. The materials were evaluated over eight locations and G x E interaction was assessed using GGE-biplot analysis to identify stable genotype across testing environments. Data on phenological, agro-morphological and reaction to important diseases were collected for the crop. The combined analysis of variances showed significant to highly significant (P ˂ 0.01) difference among genotypes, environments and G x E interactions for most of the studied traits. GGE-biplot models showed that the eight environments used for the study belonged to four mega-environments. According to the GGE results, G3 (JM-HAR/G99-15-SD-2), and G7 (JM-HAR/PR142-15-SB) were identified as ideal genotypes in terms of higher-yielding ability and stability, and hence thesegenotypes are recommended for mega environment production in the country.
{"title":"Evaluation and Stability Analysis of Early Maturing Soybean (<i>Glycine Max </i>L.) Genotypes in Lowland Agro Ecologies of Ethiopia","authors":"Masreshaw Yirga, Yechalew Sileshi, Demelash Bassa","doi":"10.11648/j.jps.20231104.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231104.14","url":null,"abstract":": Soybean is becoming the most important oil crops in Ethiopia. The national soybean breeding program is working to develop high-yielding, adaptable and stable varieties to increase production and productivity in the country. Breeding for early-maturing varieites is currently given due emphasis to overcome soybean production drawbacks in moisture defecit areas. Hence, performance evaluation of early maturing soybean genotypes across representative environments is essential to examine genotype × environment (GxE) interactions and identify the most stable and performed genotype. The trial was conducted using 10 soybean genotypes including checks in RCB design with four replications. The materials were evaluated over eight locations and G x E interaction was assessed using GGE-biplot analysis to identify stable genotype across testing environments. Data on phenological, agro-morphological and reaction to important diseases were collected for the crop. The combined analysis of variances showed significant to highly significant (P ˂ 0.01) difference among genotypes, environments and G x E interactions for most of the studied traits. GGE-biplot models showed that the eight environments used for the study belonged to four mega-environments. According to the GGE results, G3 (JM-HAR/G99-15-SD-2), and G7 (JM-HAR/PR142-15-SB) were identified as ideal genotypes in terms of higher-yielding ability and stability, and hence thesegenotypes are recommended for mega environment production in the country.","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73127614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.11648/j.jps.20231104.13
Tigist Bidira, T. Shimales, Tekleeyesus Firde
{"title":"Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) Yield Loss Due to Weeds at Jimma, Ethiopia","authors":"Tigist Bidira, T. Shimales, Tekleeyesus Firde","doi":"10.11648/j.jps.20231104.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231104.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79663209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.11648/j.jps.20231104.12
Jiaying Wang, Jihong Zhang, Weijun Duan, Xianfeng Chen, Yan Wang
{"title":"Rapid Species Discrimination of High Value Hardwood -- <i>Pterocarpus macrocarpus</i> via Real-Time PCR","authors":"Jiaying Wang, Jihong Zhang, Weijun Duan, Xianfeng Chen, Yan Wang","doi":"10.11648/j.jps.20231104.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231104.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81626105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stimulatory Effects of Flakes and Compost Amendment Based on <i>Tithonia diversifolia</i> on the Quality of PIF Plantain Seedlings Growth and Tolerance to <i>Mycosphaerella fijiensis</i>","authors":"Meshuneké Arouna, Dakolé Daboy Charles, Wassom Damien Fabrice, Fotsing Silatsa Landry, Elock Mbang Gaston, Kengoum Djam Marie Paule, Ché William Asah, Kom Timma Jospin Walter, Niemenak Nicolas, Boudjeko Thaddée, Ewané Cécile Annie","doi":"10.11648/j.jps.20231104.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231104.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74948262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-27DOI: 10.11648/j.jps.20231103.18
Feyissa Desiso
{"title":"Participatory Demonstration and Evaluation of Common Bean Technologies in Lowlands of Borana, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia","authors":"Feyissa Desiso","doi":"10.11648/j.jps.20231103.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231103.18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89164350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Characterization of Anatomical Indices of Seed Coat Formation of Diploid and Tetraploid Representatives of the Genus Gossypium L","authors":"Nina Tutushkina, Abdumavlyan Abdullaev, Ziroat Ernazarova","doi":"10.11648/j.jps.20231103.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231103.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91441408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-29DOI: 10.11648/j.jps.20231103.11
J. Johnny, Aiah Lebbie, R. Wadsworth
: This study was conducted to assess the species distributional range, structure, and regeneration status of G. copallifera Benn. A distributional survey was conducted in over 30 villages and communities where claims were made about the presence of this species. At four locations, pairs of large plots measuring 500m x 20m were laid out 400m apart and each subdivided into ten (10) subplots (50m x 20m). For the regeneration studies (Seeds, seedlings and saplings), four quadrats of 5m x 5m were established in each subplot (giving a total of 320 quadrats). A total of 1,294 live individuals from 74 tree species and 12 lianas were recorded, representing 61 genera in 27 families. Guibourtia copallifera has the highest dominance, followed by Nesogordonia papaveriefera (A. Chev.) Capuron ex N. Hallé. , Memecylon normandii Jacq.-Fél. and Gmelina arborea Roxb . Species such as Homalium africanum (Hook. f.) Benth. Lindackeria dentata (Oliv.) Gilg , Pentadesma butyracea Sabine. and Santiria trimera (Oliv.) Aubrév. were recorded at low levels. Regarding family dominance, the Leguminosae - Caesalpiniaceae scores the highest, followed by Sterculiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Melastomataceae and Verbenaceae. The density of regenerating individuals varied significantly between subplots based on the amount of degradation. The regeneration and spatial patterns of the species examined in this study exhibited clear relationships with disturbance intensity. Urgent action is needed to conserve this species, together with other ecologically and economically important tree species, before they are locally exterminated.
{"title":"Distribution and Regeneration Status of <i>Guibourtia copallifera</i> Benn. in Sierra Leone","authors":"J. Johnny, Aiah Lebbie, R. Wadsworth","doi":"10.11648/j.jps.20231103.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231103.11","url":null,"abstract":": This study was conducted to assess the species distributional range, structure, and regeneration status of G. copallifera Benn. A distributional survey was conducted in over 30 villages and communities where claims were made about the presence of this species. At four locations, pairs of large plots measuring 500m x 20m were laid out 400m apart and each subdivided into ten (10) subplots (50m x 20m). For the regeneration studies (Seeds, seedlings and saplings), four quadrats of 5m x 5m were established in each subplot (giving a total of 320 quadrats). A total of 1,294 live individuals from 74 tree species and 12 lianas were recorded, representing 61 genera in 27 families. Guibourtia copallifera has the highest dominance, followed by Nesogordonia papaveriefera (A. Chev.) Capuron ex N. Hallé. , Memecylon normandii Jacq.-Fél. and Gmelina arborea Roxb . Species such as Homalium africanum (Hook. f.) Benth. Lindackeria dentata (Oliv.) Gilg , Pentadesma butyracea Sabine. and Santiria trimera (Oliv.) Aubrév. were recorded at low levels. Regarding family dominance, the Leguminosae - Caesalpiniaceae scores the highest, followed by Sterculiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Melastomataceae and Verbenaceae. The density of regenerating individuals varied significantly between subplots based on the amount of degradation. The regeneration and spatial patterns of the species examined in this study exhibited clear relationships with disturbance intensity. Urgent action is needed to conserve this species, together with other ecologically and economically important tree species, before they are locally exterminated.","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81110508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-18DOI: 10.11648/j.jps.20231102.12
G. Asefa, M. Beriso, Gemmechu Ijigu
: Potato is an important food security crop in the world spacially for Africa, specifically Ethiopia which ranked 9 th in potato production in Africa. Bale Zone South Eastern Ethiopia is known for potato production both in irrigation and rainfed. Howevere, the productivity of the crop is low due to many factors among which lack of improved potato varieties which were high yeilder and tolerance to potato disease is major. This study was conducted to evaluate potato genotypes for high-yielding, stability and resistance to late blight. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at three locations (Sinana, Goba and Dinsho districts) for three years. The highest total tuber yield was recorded from genotypes CIP-392640-524 (45.75t/ha -1 ) followed by CIP-395114.5 (40.01t/ha -1 ) while the lowest total tuber yield was obtained from local checks (25.27t/ha -1 ). Result from stability papameters indicated the stability of tested genotypes over the tested environment. The yield performance of genotypes (CIP-392640-524) across environments and yield advantage of genotype over standard checks (Moti) 11.45% with less disease (late blight reaction) and the result from AMMI analysis of variance and stability parameter also indicated the stability of genotype over tested environments. This suggested that the genotypes are promoted to a variety of verification trials for Bale highlands and similar agro-ecologies.
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Potato Genotypes for Yield, Yield Related Traits in Bale High Lands South Eastern Ethiopia","authors":"G. Asefa, M. Beriso, Gemmechu Ijigu","doi":"10.11648/j.jps.20231102.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231102.12","url":null,"abstract":": Potato is an important food security crop in the world spacially for Africa, specifically Ethiopia which ranked 9 th in potato production in Africa. Bale Zone South Eastern Ethiopia is known for potato production both in irrigation and rainfed. Howevere, the productivity of the crop is low due to many factors among which lack of improved potato varieties which were high yeilder and tolerance to potato disease is major. This study was conducted to evaluate potato genotypes for high-yielding, stability and resistance to late blight. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at three locations (Sinana, Goba and Dinsho districts) for three years. The highest total tuber yield was recorded from genotypes CIP-392640-524 (45.75t/ha -1 ) followed by CIP-395114.5 (40.01t/ha -1 ) while the lowest total tuber yield was obtained from local checks (25.27t/ha -1 ). Result from stability papameters indicated the stability of tested genotypes over the tested environment. The yield performance of genotypes (CIP-392640-524) across environments and yield advantage of genotype over standard checks (Moti) 11.45% with less disease (late blight reaction) and the result from AMMI analysis of variance and stability parameter also indicated the stability of genotype over tested environments. This suggested that the genotypes are promoted to a variety of verification trials for Bale highlands and similar agro-ecologies.","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90606819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.11648/j.jps.20231102.11
Jihong Zhang, Jiaying Wang, Xu Ying, Xiaoling Lv, Jianhua Wei, Ma Ming, Junxia Cui
: Illegal logging, felling and timber trade have continued to increase over the past two decades, leading to a decline in forest biodiversity and the extinction of some wood species. Pterocarpus indicus Willd., listed in the National Standards of the People’s Republic of China for Hongmu (GB/T 18107-2017), is widely used in production of high-end furniture, decorative flooring and musical instruments due to its high-quality timber. For molecular species identification, the quality and quantity of DNA extracted from wood samples should first be ensured. However, extracting DNA from dried, aged timber heartwood is difficult, as heartwood contains little fragmented DNA, along with lots of phenolic compounds known to impede sequence amplification. In order to protect P. indicus from over-exploitation and to achieve accurate species-level identification, we established a particular extraction method for obtaining amplifiable DNA from heartwood samples and the real-time PCR assay for species discrimination of P. indicus in this study. The quantity and quality of DNA extracted from dry heartwood samples using the modified CTAB method were 2.40-37.70 ng/µL and 1.55-2.12 demonstrated by OD 260/280 , respectively. Primer set P9, targeting P. indicus specific microsatellite Pin2-20 sequence, was amplifiable in newly established real-time PCR. Through analysis, this real time PCR was shown to be specific and sensitive with a detection limit around 0.17 ng/µL. Hopefully, this study will contribute to heartwood DNA extraction and species identification of timber logs for forensic discrimination, law enforcement and natural resource conservation.
{"title":"DNA Extraction from Heartwood and Quick Species Authentication Using Real-Time PCR: A Case Study of the Rosewood (<i>Pterocarpus Indicus</i>)","authors":"Jihong Zhang, Jiaying Wang, Xu Ying, Xiaoling Lv, Jianhua Wei, Ma Ming, Junxia Cui","doi":"10.11648/j.jps.20231102.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231102.11","url":null,"abstract":": Illegal logging, felling and timber trade have continued to increase over the past two decades, leading to a decline in forest biodiversity and the extinction of some wood species. Pterocarpus indicus Willd., listed in the National Standards of the People’s Republic of China for Hongmu (GB/T 18107-2017), is widely used in production of high-end furniture, decorative flooring and musical instruments due to its high-quality timber. For molecular species identification, the quality and quantity of DNA extracted from wood samples should first be ensured. However, extracting DNA from dried, aged timber heartwood is difficult, as heartwood contains little fragmented DNA, along with lots of phenolic compounds known to impede sequence amplification. In order to protect P. indicus from over-exploitation and to achieve accurate species-level identification, we established a particular extraction method for obtaining amplifiable DNA from heartwood samples and the real-time PCR assay for species discrimination of P. indicus in this study. The quantity and quality of DNA extracted from dry heartwood samples using the modified CTAB method were 2.40-37.70 ng/µL and 1.55-2.12 demonstrated by OD 260/280 , respectively. Primer set P9, targeting P. indicus specific microsatellite Pin2-20 sequence, was amplifiable in newly established real-time PCR. Through analysis, this real time PCR was shown to be specific and sensitive with a detection limit around 0.17 ng/µL. Hopefully, this study will contribute to heartwood DNA extraction and species identification of timber logs for forensic discrimination, law enforcement and natural resource conservation.","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81784251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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