Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.11648/j.jps.20241203.12
D. Bekele, Fasil Shimalis, Zenebe Mulatu, A. Admasu, Dereje Dobocha, W. Worku
Wheat is one of the globally produced and marketed cereal crops which cover 15% of the total sowing areas of cereal crops in the world. The low productivity of wheat in Ethiopia is mainly attributed to lack of improved agronomic practices. Nitrogen and phosphorus are the major important elements for crop yield. But there is lack of information on optimum fertilizer rate for wheat production in this area (Kofele district of West Arsi zone). Therefore the objective of this research was to determine the optimum nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rate for wheat at Kofele district. This experiment was conducted for two consecutive years in 2016 and 2017 main cropping season. The treatment has two factors (three bread wheat varieties:- Digalu, Dendea and Didase and fertilizer rates: - 73kg/ha of nitrogen and 69kg /ha of P2O5, 109.5kg/ha of nitrogen and 103.5kg/ha of P2O5, 146kg/ha of nitrogen and 138kg/ha of P2O5 and 46kg/ha of nitrogen and 181kg/ha of NPS:-19:38:7). The analyzed data indicated that plant height and seeds per spike of bread wheat was highly significantly affected by main effect of variety. Highest plant height (128.33cm) and seeds per spike (42.1) were recorded from variety Dendea. Spike length was significantly affected by main effect of variety. The longest spike length (8.3) was recorded from variety Hidase. Wheat grain yield was significantly affected by interaction effect at (p<0.05). Variety Hidase produced the highest grain yield of 6904.4kg/ha at 146kg/ha of nitrogen and 138kg/ha of P2O5. Above ground dry weight of wheat was significantly affected by interaction effect. The highest above ground dry weight 18.9 ton/ha of wheat was produced from variety Digalu at 73kg/ha of nitrogen and 69kg/ha of P2O5. Therefore, to get the highest benefit farmers should grow variety Hidase by applying 146kg/ha of nitrogen and 138kg/ha of P2O5 at this area.
{"title":"Optimizing Wheat Yield: A Comprehensive Study on the Impact of Inorganic Fertilizer Rates and Varietal Selection in Kofele, Ethiopia","authors":"D. Bekele, Fasil Shimalis, Zenebe Mulatu, A. Admasu, Dereje Dobocha, W. Worku","doi":"10.11648/j.jps.20241203.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20241203.12","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat is one of the globally produced and marketed cereal crops which cover 15% of the total sowing areas of cereal crops in the world. The low productivity of wheat in Ethiopia is mainly attributed to lack of improved agronomic practices. Nitrogen and phosphorus are the major important elements for crop yield. But there is lack of information on optimum fertilizer rate for wheat production in this area (Kofele district of West Arsi zone). Therefore the objective of this research was to determine the optimum nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rate for wheat at Kofele district. This experiment was conducted for two consecutive years in 2016 and 2017 main cropping season. The treatment has two factors (three bread wheat varieties:- Digalu, Dendea and Didase and fertilizer rates: - 73kg/ha of nitrogen and 69kg /ha of P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, 109.5kg/ha of nitrogen and 103.5kg/ha of P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, 146kg/ha of nitrogen and 138kg/ha of P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5 </sub>and 46kg/ha of nitrogen and 181kg/ha of NPS:-19:38:7). The analyzed data indicated that plant height and seeds per spike of bread wheat was highly significantly affected by main effect of variety. Highest plant height (128.33cm) and seeds per spike (42.1) were recorded from variety Dendea. Spike length was significantly affected by main effect of variety. The longest spike length (8.3) was recorded from variety Hidase. Wheat grain yield was significantly affected by interaction effect at (p<0.05). Variety Hidase produced the highest grain yield of 6904.4kg/ha at 146kg/ha of nitrogen and 138kg/ha of P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>. Above ground dry weight of wheat was significantly affected by interaction effect. The highest above ground dry weight 18.9 ton/ha of wheat was produced from variety Digalu at 73kg/ha of nitrogen and 69kg/ha of P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>. Therefore, to get the highest benefit farmers should grow variety Hidase by applying 146kg/ha of nitrogen and 138kg/ha of P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5 </sub>at this area.\u0000","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":" 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140991427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.11648/j.jps.20241203.11
Gabisa Gidisa, Zenebe Wubshet, Hailu Negesa
A numerous production constraints have been affecting coffee production and productivity. Among the constraints, coffee diseases attacking fruits, leaves, stems and roots that reducing coffee yield and marketability are economically important across the country. Coffee thread blight disease considered as a minor for 40 years in Ethiopia is currently emerging as a significant bottleneck to the sector. Recently, the occurrence and significant damage due to this disease have been frequently reported from different coffee production areas. However, there is the lack of profiled information on intrinsic and extrinsic character of the pathogen. Hence, this study was initiated to determine the effect of temperature and artificial media on the growth and sporulation of C. koleroga. Collected sample from Metu sub-center have been isolated and purified. Then after, purified isolate was characterized on five different artificial media namely PDA, MEA, Sabouraud, yeast and Czapeck and three temperatures (20, 25 and 30°C) ranges for growth and sporulation. The result revealed, there was a significant difference (P<0.001) among media and temperature ranges in the sporulation and radial growth rate of the pathogen. The fastest radial growth 3.57 and 3.51mm/day was recorded from PDA and Sabouraud media when incubated at 25°C, respectively. Whereas, the lowest growth rate was observed on yeast extract agar. On the other hand, the highest spore amount (116 spores/ml) was recorded from Sabouraud medium followed by potato dextrose agar and Yeast extract agar media at 25°C. The study confirmed that the three media (Sabouraud, Yeast extract agar and potato dextrose agar) with 25°C temperature are the best combination for proper radial growth and sporulation of Corticium koleroga. In general future studies should focus on alternative intrinsic and extrinsic factors for the growth and sporulation of this pathogen.
{"title":"Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors Affecting Growth and Sporulation of <i>Corticium koleroga (Cke) Hoehnel</i>","authors":"Gabisa Gidisa, Zenebe Wubshet, Hailu Negesa","doi":"10.11648/j.jps.20241203.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20241203.11","url":null,"abstract":"A numerous production constraints have been affecting coffee production and productivity. Among the constraints, coffee diseases attacking fruits, leaves, stems and roots that reducing coffee yield and marketability are economically important across the country. Coffee thread blight disease considered as a minor for 40 years in Ethiopia is currently emerging as a significant bottleneck to the sector. Recently, the occurrence and significant damage due to this disease have been frequently reported from different coffee production areas. However, there is the lack of profiled information on intrinsic and extrinsic character of the pathogen. Hence, this study was initiated to determine the effect of temperature and artificial media on the growth and sporulation of C. koleroga. Collected sample from Metu sub-center have been isolated and purified. Then after, purified isolate was characterized on five different artificial media namely PDA, MEA, Sabouraud, yeast and Czapeck and three temperatures (20, 25 and 30°C) ranges for growth and sporulation. The result revealed, there was a significant difference (P<0.001) among media and temperature ranges in the sporulation and radial growth rate of the pathogen. The fastest radial growth 3.57 and 3.51mm/day was recorded from PDA and Sabouraud media when incubated at 25°C, respectively. Whereas, the lowest growth rate was observed on yeast extract agar. On the other hand, the highest spore amount (116 spores/ml) was recorded from Sabouraud medium followed by potato dextrose agar and Yeast extract agar media at 25°C. The study confirmed that the three media (Sabouraud, Yeast extract agar and potato dextrose agar) with 25°C temperature are the best combination for proper radial growth and sporulation of Corticium koleroga. In general future studies should focus on alternative intrinsic and extrinsic factors for the growth and sporulation of this pathogen.\u0000","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":" 54","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140993630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Papaya cultivation is considered to be one of the most important fruit-growing activities in Cameroon, and plays a vital role in improving the livelihoods of local producers. However, leaf diseases caused by devastating fungi are a real obstacle to the development of this crop. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal potential of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil against Alternaria alternata and Phomopsis carica-papayae, fungal agents associated with the deterioration of papaya leaves in the Moungo region of Cameroon. The essential oil of fresh C. citratus leaves was extracted by hydrodistillation. Analysis of the chemical composition by GC then GC/MS revealed Geranial (45.24%), Neral (35.57%) and Myrcene (7.21%) as the majority compounds. In vitro antifungal tests on mycelial growth by incorporation into agar gave MICs of 900 ppm and 700 ppm against A. alternata and P. carica-papayae respectively. The MIC of 700 ppm proved fungicidal on P. carica papayae, while for A. alternata the fungicidal effect was obtained at a concentration of 900 ppm. In situ, the essential oil proved significantly active in inhibiting necrosis caused by the conidial complex of the two pathogens on papaya leaves, with a percentage inhibition of 85.93% at a concentration of 6000 ppm. C. citratus EO could therefore be used as an alternative to chemical fungicides in the fight against papaya leaf disease pathogens.
{"title":"<i>In vitro</i> and <i>in situ</i> Activity of <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> Essential Oil Against <i>Alternaria alternata</i> and <i>Phomopsis carica-papayae</i>, Causal Agents of Papaya Leaf Diseases","authors":"Davy Moussango Victor, Ebong Priscille, Voundi Steve, Ampère Bedine, Dikongue Fabiola, N. Moise, Youassi Olivier, Mekemzeu Patience, Tchameni Severin, Sameza Modeste","doi":"10.11648/j.jps.20241202.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20241202.11","url":null,"abstract":"Papaya cultivation is considered to be one of the most important fruit-growing activities in Cameroon, and plays a vital role in improving the livelihoods of local producers. However, leaf diseases caused by devastating fungi are a real obstacle to the development of this crop. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal potential of <i>Cymbopogon citratus</i> essential oil against <i>Alternaria alternata</i> and <i>Phomopsis carica-papayae</i>, fungal agents associated with the deterioration of papaya leaves in the Moungo region of Cameroon. The essential oil of fresh <i>C. citratus</i> leaves was extracted by hydrodistillation. Analysis of the chemical composition by GC then GC/MS revealed Geranial (45.24%), Neral (35.57%) and Myrcene (7.21%) as the majority compounds. <i>In vitro</i> antifungal tests on mycelial growth by incorporation into agar gave MICs of 900 ppm and 700 ppm against <i>A. alternata</i> and P<i>. carica-papayae </i>respectively. The MIC of 700 ppm proved fungicidal on <i>P. carica papayae</i>, while for <i>A. alternata</i> the fungicidal effect was obtained at a concentration of 900 ppm. <i>In situ</i>, the essential oil proved significantly active in inhibiting necrosis caused by the conidial complex of the two pathogens on papaya leaves, with a percentage inhibition of 85.93% at a concentration of 6000 ppm. <i>C. citratus</i> EO could therefore be used as an alternative to chemical fungicides in the fight against papaya leaf disease pathogens.\u0000","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"47 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140259086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.11648/jps.20241201.15
Mare Marco, Mubvekeri Washington
{"title":"Detecting Similarities and Differences of Promising Elite Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum </i>L.) Genotypes Influenced by Seed Cotton Yield and Related Components","authors":"Mare Marco, Mubvekeri Washington","doi":"10.11648/jps.20241201.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/jps.20241201.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"257 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139830785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.11648/jps.20241201.16
Mare Marco, Mubvekeri Washington
{"title":"Yield Performance and Stability-Based Comparative Evaluation of Different Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum L.</i>) Genotypes Under Diverse Environments of Zimbabwe","authors":"Mare Marco, Mubvekeri Washington","doi":"10.11648/jps.20241201.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/jps.20241201.16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"71 5-6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139893183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.11648/jps.20241201.15
Mare Marco, Mubvekeri Washington
{"title":"Detecting Similarities and Differences of Promising Elite Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum </i>L.) Genotypes Influenced by Seed Cotton Yield and Related Components","authors":"Mare Marco, Mubvekeri Washington","doi":"10.11648/jps.20241201.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/jps.20241201.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139890739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.11648/jps.20241201.16
Mare Marco, Mubvekeri Washington
{"title":"Yield Performance and Stability-Based Comparative Evaluation of Different Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum L.</i>) Genotypes Under Diverse Environments of Zimbabwe","authors":"Mare Marco, Mubvekeri Washington","doi":"10.11648/jps.20241201.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/jps.20241201.16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139833410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-18DOI: 10.11648/j.jps.20241201.14
Gamachu Wakgari Aga, Sisay Yohannes Gagabo
{"title":"Review Status of Mango Production and Research in Ethiopia","authors":"Gamachu Wakgari Aga, Sisay Yohannes Gagabo","doi":"10.11648/j.jps.20241201.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20241201.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"116 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139614377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptability Study of Improved Mung Bean (<i>Vigna radiata</i>) Varieties in Moisture Stress Areas of Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Belachew Dabalo, Tekalign Afeta, Deresa Shumi, Rhobot Neguse","doi":"10.11648/j.jps.20241201.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20241201.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Sciences","volume":"104 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139614725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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