Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2023.211610.1150
M. Aly, A. Abdelrhim, A. Ali
The early blight caused by Alternaria solani is a serious disease that threats potato plants during the growing seasons. This study investigated the relationship between leaf miner infestation and the incidence and severity of early blight in potato fields in El-Minya governorate, Egypt. An insecticide program included three different insecticides i.e., Abamectin 1.8 % EC, Fipronil 20% SC, and Imidacloprid 35%SC was applied to study its impact on leaf miner population as well as early blight incidence and severity. The leaf miner population was monitored during 2020 and 2021 growing seasons. Early blight incidence (DI), disease severity (DS), and area under the early blight progress curve (AUDPC) were estimated along with leaf miner infestation. The results showed high significant correlation between leaf miner infestation which represented by (the number of leaf miner adults, larvae, mines/leaflet and the minded leaf area) and the infection by A. solani which represented by (DI and DS of early blight) during the two growing seasons. The application of the insecticide program significantly decreased the number of leaf miner adults, mines, larvae, and minded area% as well as DI and DS of early blight. Also, it affected the correlation between the number of leaf miner adults as well as DI and DS. This study expands our knowledge about the relationship between leaf miner infestation and A. solani infection in the open potato fields and how that could be useful in setting up an effective integrated pest management program to control both leaf miner and early blight.
{"title":"Study the Application of Insecticide Program and its Impact on the Relationship between Leaf Miner Liriomyza huidobrensis Populations and the Early Blight Disease in Potato Fields","authors":"M. Aly, A. Abdelrhim, A. Ali","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2023.211610.1150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2023.211610.1150","url":null,"abstract":"The early blight caused by Alternaria solani is a serious disease that threats potato plants during the growing seasons. This study investigated the relationship between leaf miner infestation and the incidence and severity of early blight in potato fields in El-Minya governorate, Egypt. An insecticide program included three different insecticides i.e., Abamectin 1.8 % EC, Fipronil 20% SC, and Imidacloprid 35%SC was applied to study its impact on leaf miner population as well as early blight incidence and severity. The leaf miner population was monitored during 2020 and 2021 growing seasons. Early blight incidence (DI), disease severity (DS), and area under the early blight progress curve (AUDPC) were estimated along with leaf miner infestation. The results showed high significant correlation between leaf miner infestation which represented by (the number of leaf miner adults, larvae, mines/leaflet and the minded leaf area) and the infection by A. solani which represented by (DI and DS of early blight) during the two growing seasons. The application of the insecticide program significantly decreased the number of leaf miner adults, mines, larvae, and minded area% as well as DI and DS of early blight. Also, it affected the correlation between the number of leaf miner adults as well as DI and DS. This study expands our knowledge about the relationship between leaf miner infestation and A. solani infection in the open potato fields and how that could be useful in setting up an effective integrated pest management program to control both leaf miner and early blight.","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83469587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-11DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2023.212385.1152
G. Morsi, S. Farag, S. Ragab
This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of foliar extracts of four medical plants, harmal (Peganum harmala L.), laurel (Laurus nobilis L.), marmaria (Salvia officinalis L) and zizyphus (Zizyphus spina-christi. Willd) on fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) and peach fly Bactrocera zonata (Saunders).The effect of these extracts on larvae pupal duration, percent of malformation, percent of reduction in infestation and percent reduction in number of punctures /fruit .The results proved that, harmal, laurel and zizyphus show toxic effect on both C. capitata and B. zonata larvae. harmal was more toxic to the larvae of both flies than the other three compounds ,with LC50 values 8.52 and10.5 ml/L for both flies, respectively. Harmal recorded the highest mean of malformation percent 48.79 and 43.62% for C. capitata and B. zonata, respectively followed by laurel and zizyphus in case of C. capitata and zizyphus and laurel in case of B. zonata. Harmal recorded the highest mean of reduction percent of infestation followed by laurel and marmaria in case of C. capitata and laurel and zizyphus in case of B. zonata. the highest mean of percent reduction in number of punctures/fruit was recorded after treatment with harmal and laurel for both C. capitata and B. zonata. The tested extracts show toxic effect on larvae of both flies, cause changes in some biological measurements and reduce both percent of infestation and number of punctures/fruit, so these extracts could be incorporated in management programmes of both fruit flies.
本研究旨在评价四种药用植物——苦参(Peganum harmala L.)、月桂(lauurus nobilis L.)、鼠尾草(Salvia officinalis L.)和紫茎草(zizyphus spina-christi.)叶提取物的毒性。野生)对头角蝇(Wiedemann)和桃蝇(Saunders)。结果表明，桂树提取物、月桂提取物和水杨酸提取物对小蠹蛾幼虫均有一定的毒力，对小蠹蛾幼虫均有一定的毒力。对两种蝇的LC50值分别为8.52和10.5 ml/L，对两种蝇的毒性均大于其他3种化合物。平均畸形率最高的是哈马，分别为48.79%和43.62%，其次是月桂和刺槐，刺槐和月桂。小叶蛾的平均侵染减少率最高的是小叶蛾，其次是月桂和菊苣，小叶蛾的平均减少率最高的是月桂和小叶蛾。刺数/果减少率的平均值最高的是用有害物质和月桂处理后的刺数/果减少率。经试验的提取物对两种果蝇的幼虫均有毒性作用，引起某些生物学指标的变化，并降低侵染率和刺/果数量，因此这些提取物可纳入两种果蝇的管理方案。
{"title":"Toxicity Evaluation of Foliar Extracts of some Medical Plants on Fruit Fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) and Peach Fly Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) , Diptera: Tephritidae","authors":"G. Morsi, S. Farag, S. Ragab","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2023.212385.1152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2023.212385.1152","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of foliar extracts of four medical plants, harmal (Peganum harmala L.), laurel (Laurus nobilis L.), marmaria (Salvia officinalis L) and zizyphus (Zizyphus spina-christi. Willd) on fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) and peach fly Bactrocera zonata (Saunders).The effect of these extracts on larvae pupal duration, percent of malformation, percent of reduction in infestation and percent reduction in number of punctures /fruit .The results proved that, harmal, laurel and zizyphus show toxic effect on both C. capitata and B. zonata larvae. harmal was more toxic to the larvae of both flies than the other three compounds ,with LC50 values 8.52 and10.5 ml/L for both flies, respectively. Harmal recorded the highest mean of malformation percent 48.79 and 43.62% for C. capitata and B. zonata, respectively followed by laurel and zizyphus in case of C. capitata and zizyphus and laurel in case of B. zonata. Harmal recorded the highest mean of reduction percent of infestation followed by laurel and marmaria in case of C. capitata and laurel and zizyphus in case of B. zonata. the highest mean of percent reduction in number of punctures/fruit was recorded after treatment with harmal and laurel for both C. capitata and B. zonata. The tested extracts show toxic effect on larvae of both flies, cause changes in some biological measurements and reduce both percent of infestation and number of punctures/fruit, so these extracts could be incorporated in management programmes of both fruit flies.","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83882565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2023.204453.1140
E. Ali, G. Ibrahim
The cotton leafworm and aphid insects are major pests in Egypt that attack many host plants. Pesticides use can cause different problems in the plant system. So, it is very important to use nature products to be safe as a alternatives to synthetic pesticides. This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of three bacterial types: Lysinibacillus macroides, Brevundimonas olei and Acinetobacter sp. in laboratory and field conditions throughout two seasons 2021 & 2022. L. macroides and B. olei showed more toxicity and LC50 levels than Acinetobacter sp with > 90 % corrected mortality towards the cotton leafworm and bean aphid after 3 days exposure time under laboratory conditions. Under field conditions, there were two insect pests fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and aphid insects (Myzus persica (Sulzer) that investigate pepper plants in Ismallia Governorate. The results also showed a high efficacy of two bacterial strains, L. macroides and B. olei against M. persicae and S. frugiperda with more than 80% and 60% reduction percent respectively. The data stated that, L. macrolides strain was the most effective on suppressing the aphid and fall armyworm insects population. Some bacterial enzymes and biochemical products produced by bacteria used, such as protease, chitinase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase (PPOs) and HCN. They play a role in insect population reduction in laboratory and field conditions throughout integrated crop management.
{"title":"Biological Control for some Insects by Using Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria in Laboratory and Field Conditions","authors":"E. Ali, G. Ibrahim","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2023.204453.1140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2023.204453.1140","url":null,"abstract":"The cotton leafworm and aphid insects are major pests in Egypt that attack many host plants. Pesticides use can cause different problems in the plant system. So, it is very important to use nature products to be safe as a alternatives to synthetic pesticides. This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of three bacterial types: Lysinibacillus macroides, Brevundimonas olei and Acinetobacter sp. in laboratory and field conditions throughout two seasons 2021 & 2022. L. macroides and B. olei showed more toxicity and LC50 levels than Acinetobacter sp with > 90 % corrected mortality towards the cotton leafworm and bean aphid after 3 days exposure time under laboratory conditions. Under field conditions, there were two insect pests fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and aphid insects (Myzus persica (Sulzer) that investigate pepper plants in Ismallia Governorate. The results also showed a high efficacy of two bacterial strains, L. macroides and B. olei against M. persicae and S. frugiperda with more than 80% and 60% reduction percent respectively. The data stated that, L. macrolides strain was the most effective on suppressing the aphid and fall armyworm insects population. Some bacterial enzymes and biochemical products produced by bacteria used, such as protease, chitinase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase (PPOs) and HCN. They play a role in insect population reduction in laboratory and field conditions throughout integrated crop management.","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91419835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2023.213999.1155
D. Fathy
Beehives are a practical way to keep a bee colony. It protects them from environmental factors and predators. The beekeeping industry has seen very few changes and improvements to the widely used lang-stroth or common hive. The aim of the present study is to compare the bee activity of modified and combined honey bees in the apiary of the Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University during the 2020 harvest season. The areas of stored pollen, worker brood, and sealed honey area compared to the modified hive. The results revealed that the mean average incubation of female workers was in the third week of May. There is a significant positive correlation between the type of honey bee hive and its activities. A modified hive is much more effective for honey bee activities than langstroth or common hive. Increased worker brood in colonies means increased pollen storage area, which results in healthy, vigorous colonies. This research confirms that an altered hive is the most important indicator of increased activity of honey bee colonies. The modified cell has removed the defects of the foaming cell and increased the efficiency of the common hive.
{"title":"Compression Between Modified and Common Honey Bee Hive on Honey Bee Activity","authors":"D. Fathy","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2023.213999.1155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2023.213999.1155","url":null,"abstract":"Beehives are a practical way to keep a bee colony. It protects them from environmental factors and predators. The beekeeping industry has seen very few changes and improvements to the widely used lang-stroth or common hive. The aim of the present study is to compare the bee activity of modified and combined honey bees in the apiary of the Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University during the 2020 harvest season. The areas of stored pollen, worker brood, and sealed honey area compared to the modified hive. The results revealed that the mean average incubation of female workers was in the third week of May. There is a significant positive correlation between the type of honey bee hive and its activities. A modified hive is much more effective for honey bee activities than langstroth or common hive. Increased worker brood in colonies means increased pollen storage area, which results in healthy, vigorous colonies. This research confirms that an altered hive is the most important indicator of increased activity of honey bee colonies. The modified cell has removed the defects of the foaming cell and increased the efficiency of the common hive.","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82673430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-21DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2023.205335.1141
Halima Ibrahim, A. Salleh, Heba Elelimy
The oystershell scale insect, Lepidosaphes ulmi (L.) is considered one of the serious pests attacking olive trees in Egypt. The present study was carried out in Naser region, Beni-Suef Governorate during two successive years (2021 and 2022). The population fluctuation of the oystershell scale showed two to three peaks that were recorded during the spring, summer and autumn seasons during the years of study. The highest population peak was recorded in summer (11 and 15.6 insects/leaf, through 2021 and 2022, respectively). While the percentage of parasitism showed 4-5 peaks annually. The factors of minimum and maximum temperatures, relative humidity, and parasitism had non-significant effect on population density of L. ulmi in 2021 season, but had highly significant effect in 2022 season. However, these ecological factors had significant effects on the parasitism rates in both years of study. The parasitoids, Aphytis chrysomphali and A. diaspidis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) were collected from L. ulmi scales.
{"title":"Ecological Studies on Lepidosaphes ulmi (L.) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and its Parasitoids on Olive Trees in Middle Egypt دراسات بيئية على حشرة الزيتون المحارية Lepidosaphes ulmi (L.) على أشجار الزيتون وطفيلياتها في منطقة مصر الوسطى","authors":"Halima Ibrahim, A. Salleh, Heba Elelimy","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2023.205335.1141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2023.205335.1141","url":null,"abstract":"The oystershell scale insect, Lepidosaphes ulmi (L.) is considered one of the serious pests attacking olive trees in Egypt. The present study was carried out in Naser region, Beni-Suef Governorate during two successive years (2021 and 2022). The population fluctuation of the oystershell scale showed two to three peaks that were recorded during the spring, summer and autumn seasons during the years of study. The highest population peak was recorded in summer (11 and 15.6 insects/leaf, through 2021 and 2022, respectively). While the percentage of parasitism showed 4-5 peaks annually. The factors of minimum and maximum temperatures, relative humidity, and parasitism had non-significant effect on population density of L. ulmi in 2021 season, but had highly significant effect in 2022 season. However, these ecological factors had significant effects on the parasitism rates in both years of study. The parasitoids, Aphytis chrysomphali and A. diaspidis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) were collected from L. ulmi scales.","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84335551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-14DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2023.203345.1139
A. Saleh, H. Ismail, Eman Arafa, M. Zawrah
The current study aimed to estimate the seasonal abundance of aphid species and their associated parasitoids on navel orange trees across the two seasons of 2021 and 2022 and to evaluate the potential impact of Aphidius matricariae Haliday against Aphis gossypii (Glover) during the period extended from August 2022 to January 2023. The results showed that the major aphid species were A. gossypii, Aphis citricola (van der Goot), Myzus persicae (Sulzer), and Aphis craccivora Koch. Data also revealed that A. matricariae, Trioxys sp., and Praon sp. were recorded as primary parasitoids and Charips sp. as a hyperparasitoid parasitoid. The behavior of A. matricariae varied according to the different host densities, since increased host density led to increased stings and mummies, and decreased leaf arrival times and host arrival times. By rearing A. matricariae on A. gossypii for three successive generations, the sex ratio (females: males) was nearly 1: 1 in the first two generations, but males dominated in the third ones (2.83:1). The obtained results showed that the parasitoid A. matricariae was the most abundant and efficient species and could be included in future biocontrol programs against A. gossypii.
{"title":"Ecological and Biological Aspects of Aphid Parasitoids on Navel Orange Trees in Egypt","authors":"A. Saleh, H. Ismail, Eman Arafa, M. Zawrah","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2023.203345.1139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2023.203345.1139","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to estimate the seasonal abundance of aphid species and their associated parasitoids on navel orange trees across the two seasons of 2021 and 2022 and to evaluate the potential impact of Aphidius matricariae Haliday against Aphis gossypii (Glover) during the period extended from August 2022 to January 2023. The results showed that the major aphid species were A. gossypii, Aphis citricola (van der Goot), Myzus persicae (Sulzer), and Aphis craccivora Koch. Data also revealed that A. matricariae, Trioxys sp., and Praon sp. were recorded as primary parasitoids and Charips sp. as a hyperparasitoid parasitoid. The behavior of A. matricariae varied according to the different host densities, since increased host density led to increased stings and mummies, and decreased leaf arrival times and host arrival times. By rearing A. matricariae on A. gossypii for three successive generations, the sex ratio (females: males) was nearly 1: 1 in the first two generations, but males dominated in the third ones (2.83:1). The obtained results showed that the parasitoid A. matricariae was the most abundant and efficient species and could be included in future biocontrol programs against A. gossypii.","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75368682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2023.210080.1149
A. El-Kareim, M. Ragab, S. Ahmed, A. Rashed
The chrysomelid beetles, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), and Bruchidius incarnatus (Boheman) . females showed different degrees of egg-laying preference on the legume grains. C. maculatus females preferred cowpea over soybean and chickpea. While they significantly desired egg-laying on white bean over horse bean and chickpea. While B. incarnatus females showed the highest preference for laying eggs on soybean, they also preferred horse beans over white beans and chickpeas. The ovipositional preference is odor-mediated, whereas C. maculatus females showed greater attraction to cowpea extracts than to horse bean or chickpea. Regarding B. incarnatus, it exhibited the highest attraction to horse bean extract. The efficiency of the crashed plant leaves (rosemary and marjoram), and clove bud flowers in protecting cowpea and horse bean grains from C. maculatus and B. incarnatus was evaluated after 37 days of storage. The growth rates of C. maculatus reared on cowpea treated with marjoram and rosemary were very slow (0.050, and 0.053) in comparison with control (0.397). On the contrary, the lowest growth rate of B. incarnatus reared on horse beans treated with clove was 0.0478 followed by marjoram (0.052),while the growth rate was high as faster on untreated horse bean seeds (0.154). All botanical treatments significantly decreased the oviposition activities of both beetles. Marjoram, rosemary, and clove treatments significantly reduced cowpea damage by (84.1, 80.57, and 75.69%, respectively) against the attack of C. maculatus. While, bud flower clove proved effective against B. incarnatus, it led to a reduction in the rate of horse bean seed damage (57.46%).
{"title":"Olfactory Stimulants Mediated Egg-Laying Preference of Cowpea and Faba Bean Beetles and the Effectiveness of some Aromatic Plant Products as Protective Agents","authors":"A. El-Kareim, M. Ragab, S. Ahmed, A. Rashed","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2023.210080.1149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2023.210080.1149","url":null,"abstract":"The chrysomelid beetles, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.), and Bruchidius incarnatus (Boheman) . females showed different degrees of egg-laying preference on the legume grains. C. maculatus females preferred cowpea over soybean and chickpea. While they significantly desired egg-laying on white bean over horse bean and chickpea. While B. incarnatus females showed the highest preference for laying eggs on soybean, they also preferred horse beans over white beans and chickpeas. The ovipositional preference is odor-mediated, whereas C. maculatus females showed greater attraction to cowpea extracts than to horse bean or chickpea. Regarding B. incarnatus, it exhibited the highest attraction to horse bean extract. The efficiency of the crashed plant leaves (rosemary and marjoram), and clove bud flowers in protecting cowpea and horse bean grains from C. maculatus and B. incarnatus was evaluated after 37 days of storage. The growth rates of C. maculatus reared on cowpea treated with marjoram and rosemary were very slow (0.050, and 0.053) in comparison with control (0.397). On the contrary, the lowest growth rate of B. incarnatus reared on horse beans treated with clove was 0.0478 followed by marjoram (0.052),while the growth rate was high as faster on untreated horse bean seeds (0.154). All botanical treatments significantly decreased the oviposition activities of both beetles. Marjoram, rosemary, and clove treatments significantly reduced cowpea damage by (84.1, 80.57, and 75.69%, respectively) against the attack of C. maculatus. While, bud flower clove proved effective against B. incarnatus, it led to a reduction in the rate of horse bean seed damage (57.46%).","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87999795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2023.207682.1145
Ahmed Fares, A. Mahdy, G. EL Habbaa, A. Abdalla, G. A. Ahmed
Early blight disease causes a significant loss in tomato production. This study focuses on the effective suppression of Alternaria solani, which causes huge losses in tomato yield. The study was conducted at a nuclear research center in Egypt. Infected plants were treated with irradiated and non-irradiated silver nanoparticles.The fungiced Mancozeb was used as a positive control. Three sprays were carried out at 10-day intervals. Two biological agents, Alternaria alternata and Fusarium oxysporum, were used to produce silver nanoparticles. AgNPs were exposed to several doses of gamma radiation (0, 1.5, 3, 6, 12 and 24 kGy) in order to enhance and maximize the effect of AgNPs on Alternaria solani. U.V., DLS, FITR, and TEM were used to characterize AgNPs, and AgNPs + gamma irradiation. Gamma irradiation decreased the size of AgNPs. All treatments, particularly AgNPs supported by gamma irradiation, reduced disease severity when compared to the untreated control. The highest shoot fresh weight was recorded in A. alternata AgNPs +3 kGy; 174.38 g as the mean of two seasons. The highest shoot dry weight was obtained by A. alternata AgNPs +24 kGy with a mean of 151 g. All treatments elevated peroxidase and catalase as well as total chlorophyll as compared with the untreated control and healthy plant. AgNO3 decreased the efficacy of peroxidase (5). Alternaria alternata exhibited the lowest efficacy of catalase (9.09) after healthy plants and control. F. oxysporum + 24 kGy and A. alternata AgNPs + 24 kGy achieved the highest reduction of the mycelial growth in vitro
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Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2023.206421.1144
A. Batt, M. Batt, T. Ibrahim, A. El-Bassiouny
The objectives of this work were detection the role of two pheromones types, Rhynchjel and Rinocab, in limitation and control on the infestation with red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier, (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea: Dryophthoridae). The obtained results from 5traps for Rhynchjel pheromone and 30 traps for Rinocab pheromone at various locations of Belbeis district (Sharkia Governorate) and Ashmoun district (Menoufia Governorate) indicated that each of two types of pheromones obviously attracted different number of RPW adults throughout the year. The results also showed each of population density of catching adults, average population per trap and monthly percentages of attracted adults from annual population. Activity and emergences of RPW adults clearly appeared each of definition of adult emergence time at various geographical regions, peaks of population emergence, sexual percentage of annual adult population and emphasize the role of pheromones in the protection from infestation with RPW where numerous numbers from adult are attracted to pheromone traps which act preventive factor against infestation. The annual population of attracted adults reached 553 &1160 adults for Rhynchjel while attained to 3011 and 4324 adults for Rinocab at the locations of Sharkia and Menoufia Governorates, respectively. This study detected the role of pheromones in restriction of the infestation chance and also minimize of occasion to egg ovipostition where the annual sexual percentage of females recorded 41.59 and 44.9% at Sharkia Governorate, while, it recorded 78.97 and 32.47% at Menoufia Governorate for each Rhynchjel and Rinocab pheromones, respectively.
{"title":"Rhynchjel and Rinocab Pheromones as Attractants for the Red Palm Weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea: Dryophthoridae) under Field Conditions","authors":"A. Batt, M. Batt, T. Ibrahim, A. El-Bassiouny","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2023.206421.1144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2023.206421.1144","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this work were detection the role of two pheromones types, Rhynchjel and Rinocab, in limitation and control on the infestation with red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier, (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea: Dryophthoridae). The obtained results from 5traps for Rhynchjel pheromone and 30 traps for Rinocab pheromone at various locations of Belbeis district (Sharkia Governorate) and Ashmoun district (Menoufia Governorate) indicated that each of two types of pheromones obviously attracted different number of RPW adults throughout the year. The results also showed each of population density of catching adults, average population per trap and monthly percentages of attracted adults from annual population. Activity and emergences of RPW adults clearly appeared each of definition of adult emergence time at various geographical regions, peaks of population emergence, sexual percentage of annual adult population and emphasize the role of pheromones in the protection from infestation with RPW where numerous numbers from adult are attracted to pheromone traps which act preventive factor against infestation. The annual population of attracted adults reached 553 &1160 adults for Rhynchjel while attained to 3011 and 4324 adults for Rinocab at the locations of Sharkia and Menoufia Governorates, respectively. This study detected the role of pheromones in restriction of the infestation chance and also minimize of occasion to egg ovipostition where the annual sexual percentage of females recorded 41.59 and 44.9% at Sharkia Governorate, while, it recorded 78.97 and 32.47% at Menoufia Governorate for each Rhynchjel and Rinocab pheromones, respectively.","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87452875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2023.206419.1143
A. Abotaleb, R. Zinhoum
Treatment of nitrogen can be used as alternative method to chemical control against stored-productinsects. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of modified atmospheres (MAs) based on high nitrogen (N2) contents on infestation by immature stages of Ephestia cautella and Stegobium paniceum, major pests of date fruits, and their effect on the quality of date fruits. The tested MAs were 98% nitrogen gas (Oxygen 2%), in diverse exposure-times. The study found, the egg, larval, and pupal stages of E. cautella and S. paniceum responded significantly to MAs enriched by “N2” as exposure-time increased. Two days (48h) exposures of date fruits to nitrogen gas were adequate enough to complete suppression in adult emergence of E. cautella. While, 24 h exposure to N2 gas was enough to suppress S. paniceum. Time and pest level were an influential factor that have a massive effect on the immature mortality percent and adult emergence of E. cautella and S. paniceum after exposure to N2 gas. Furthermore, nitrogen gas did not effect on the quality of the date fruits.
氮处理可作为化学防治贮藏产品害虫的替代方法。本试验旨在研究高氮(N2)含量的改良空气(MAs)对枣果实主要害虫——黄花细花(Ephestia cautella)和虎尾石(Stegobium paniceum)未熟期侵染的效果及其对枣果实品质的影响。在不同的暴露时间下，测试的MAs为98%的氮气(2%的氧气)。研究发现，随着暴露时间的增加，catella E. cautella和S. paniceum的卵、幼虫和蛹阶段对“N2”富集的MAs有显著的反应。枣果暴露于氮气中2天(48h)就足以完全抑制黄杆菌成虫的羽化。而暴露于N2气体中24 h足以抑制金黄色葡萄球菌。时间和害虫水平对暴露于N2气体后cautella和S. panicium的未成熟死亡率和成虫羽化率有较大影响。此外，氮气对枣果实的品质没有影响。
{"title":"Influence of Modified Atmospheres on Infestation of Stored Date Fruits by Ephestia cautella (Walker) and Stegobium paniceum (L)","authors":"A. Abotaleb, R. Zinhoum","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2023.206419.1143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2023.206419.1143","url":null,"abstract":"Treatment of nitrogen can be used as alternative method to chemical control against stored-productinsects. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of modified atmospheres (MAs) based on high nitrogen (N2) contents on infestation by immature stages of Ephestia cautella and Stegobium paniceum, major pests of date fruits, and their effect on the quality of date fruits. The tested MAs were 98% nitrogen gas (Oxygen 2%), in diverse exposure-times. The study found, the egg, larval, and pupal stages of E. cautella and S. paniceum responded significantly to MAs enriched by “N2” as exposure-time increased. Two days (48h) exposures of date fruits to nitrogen gas were adequate enough to complete suppression in adult emergence of E. cautella. While, 24 h exposure to N2 gas was enough to suppress S. paniceum. Time and pest level were an influential factor that have a massive effect on the immature mortality percent and adult emergence of E. cautella and S. paniceum after exposure to N2 gas. Furthermore, nitrogen gas did not effect on the quality of the date fruits.","PeriodicalId":16820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90636552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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