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Identification of QoI-Resistant Isolates of the Banana Pathogen Pseudocercospora fijiensis in Mexico 墨西哥香蕉病原体 Pseudocercospora fijiensis 的 QoI 抗性分离物鉴定
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13427
Gilberto Manzo-Sánchez, Luis Carlos Salazar-Licea, Marco Tulio Buenrostro-Nava, Carlos L. Leopardi-Verde, Luciano Martínez-Bolaños, Ignacio Islas-Flores, Mario Orozco-Santos, Blondy Canto-Canché

Black Sigatoka disease is a significant threat to banana (Musa spp.) fruit yield and quality. For the control of the fungal pathogen, Pseudocercospora fijiensis, producers currently rely on fungicides such as Quinone outside Inhibitor (QoI). In this study, we examined the resistance status of P. fijiensis to QoI fungicides using 80 isolates from 24 localities in the main banana-producing areas of Mexico (Colima, Michoacán, Tabasco and Chiapas). Resistance was evaluated using the RFLP-PCR mutation assay on Cytochrome b gen (Cytb). The results showed the G143A mutation in three isolates from Chiapas, indicating a relatively low mutation frequency in the sampled areas, where additionally, a microplate bioassay confirmed the resistance to fungicides. We also evaluated the genetic structure and differentiation among the sampled populations, detecting differences between populations within each region and among all populations. Furthermore, our analysis revealed shared haplotypes between resistant populations in Chiapas and nonresistant populations in Michoacán. These findings provide valuable insight into the resistance status of P. fijiensis to QoI fungicides in Mexico and serve as foundation for the development of strategies to manage strobilurin resistance in the country. Overall, this study highlights the importance of monitoring and implementing effective management practices to mitigate the spread of resistant strains.

黑斑病是香蕉(Musa spp.)果实产量和质量的一个重大威胁。为了控制真菌病原体 Pseudocercospora fijiensis,生产者目前依赖于醌外抑制剂(QoI)等杀菌剂。在这项研究中,我们利用来自墨西哥主要香蕉产区(科利马、米却肯、塔巴斯科和恰帕斯)24 个地方的 80 个分离物,考察了 P. fijiensis 对 QoI 杀菌剂的抗性状况。使用细胞色素 b 基因(Cytb)的 RFLP-PCR 突变检测法对抗药性进行了评估。结果显示,恰帕斯州的三个分离株出现了 G143A 突变,这表明取样地区的突变频率相对较低,此外,微孔板生物测定也证实了这些分离株对杀菌剂的抗性。我们还评估了取样种群的遗传结构和分化情况,发现每个地区的种群之间以及所有种群之间存在差异。此外,我们的分析还发现恰帕斯州的抗性种群与米却肯州的非抗性种群之间存在共同的单倍型。这些发现为深入了解墨西哥 P. fijiensis 对 QoI 杀菌剂的抗性状况提供了宝贵的信息,并为制定管理该国石硫合剂抗性的策略奠定了基础。总之,这项研究强调了监测和实施有效管理措施以减少抗性菌株传播的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
In Situ Diagnosis and Digital Cataloguing of Plant Pathogenic Fungi Through Mobile-Based Foldscope Microscopy 通过移动式折叠显微镜对植物病原真菌进行原位诊断和数字编目
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13422
Palanisamy Mooventhan, Palaiyur Nanjappan Sivalingam, Harvinder Kumar Singh, Manoj Kumar Sahu, Yogita Dhimar, Uttam Singh, Pankaj Kaushal, Probir Kumar Ghosh

Agriculture confronts multifaceted challenges across the spectrum of crop production, with pest and disease management being a prominent concern. Timely diagnosis of crop diseases is imperative for mitigating production costs and curbing the adverse environmental impacts of chemical pesticides. In the present investigation, mobile phone-based foldscope microscopy (MBFM) was used to diagnose various field samples infected with fungal diseases of field and horticultural crops, and the same was validated with the normal microscope pictures and field symptoms. The MBFM was also used to diagnose seed-borne microflora associated with wheat and spores of commercial formulation of bioagents and validated. The MBFM utilises both symptoms and morphological structures of pathogen for in situ field diagnosis and hence advantages over the symptom-based mobile Apps. This study underscores the utility of foldscope microscope as a potent technique for plant pathologists and extension workers to enable real-time and in situ identification of diseases caused by fungal pathogens in various agricultural crops.

农业在作物生产中面临着多方面的挑战,其中病虫害管理是一个突出的问题。及时诊断作物病害对于降低生产成本和遏制化学农药对环境的不利影响至关重要。在本次调查中,基于手机的折叠显微镜(MBFM)被用于诊断感染田间和园艺作物真菌疾病的各种田间样本,并与正常显微镜图片和田间症状进行了验证。此外,还利用甲基溴荧光显微镜诊断了与小麦有关的种子传播微生物菌群和生物制剂商业配方的孢子,并进行了验证。病原微生物分子指纹图谱利用病原体的症状和形态结构进行现场诊断,因此比基于症状的移动应用程序更具优势。这项研究强调了折叠显微镜作为植物病理学家和推广人员的一项有效技术的实用性,可对各种农作物中由真菌病原体引起的病害进行实时和原位鉴定。
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引用次数: 0
Remora-CNN: A Novel and Effective Method for Rice Leaf Disease Detection and Classification Remora-CNN:一种新颖有效的水稻叶病检测和分类方法
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13411
Devchand J. Chaudhari, Malathi Karunakaran

For millions of people worldwide, rice is one of the main food crops. Nevertheless, while being grown, rice is susceptible to many diseases. Most rice plant diseases are influenced by biotic and abiotic factors, including nematodes, viroids, fungus, viruses, bacteria, and other microorganisms, as well as temperature and other environmental factors. Thus, an automatic early classification of leaf disease is necessary to improve the rice yield. In this paper, for identifying and categorizing the rice leaf disease, a convolutional neural network (CNN) model is used, and the CNN is trained using the Remora Optimization Algorithm (ROA). A better classification outcome is attained by performing the segmentation process using K-means with the Fractional Tangential-Spherical Kernel (FTSK) algorithm. Furthermore, the developed Remora Optimization- Convolutional Neural Network (Remora-CNN) method achieved the optimal performance based on the testing accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 0.925, 0.931, and 0.941 using the Rice Leaf Disease Image Samples Dataset.

对于全世界数百万人来说,水稻是主要的粮食作物之一。然而,水稻在生长过程中容易受到多种病害的侵袭。大多数水稻植物病害都受到生物和非生物因素的影响,包括线虫、病毒、真菌、病毒、细菌和其他微生物,以及温度和其他环境因素。因此,有必要对叶片病害进行自动早期分类,以提高水稻产量。本文使用卷积神经网络(CNN)模型对水稻叶病进行识别和分类,并使用 Remora 优化算法(ROA)对 CNN 进行训练。通过使用 K-means 和分数切向-非球面核(FTSK)算法执行分割过程,可以获得更好的分类结果。此外,所开发的 Remora 优化-卷积神经网络(Remora-CNN)方法在水稻叶病图像样本数据集的测试准确性、灵敏度和特异性方面分别达到了 0.925、0.931 和 0.941 的最佳性能。
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引用次数: 0
Identification of Rust Resistance Genes in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Using Molecular Markers and Host–Pathogen Interaction Tests 利用分子标记和宿主-病原体相互作用试验鉴定小麦(Triticum aestivum L. )的抗锈病基因
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13417
Dharam Pal, Subodh Kumar, Subhash Chander Bhardwaj, Om Prakash Gangwar, Anjali Pal, Madhu Patial, Santosh Watpade,  Harikrishna, Niharika Mallick, Vikas Fandade, J. K. Roy

The leaf rust (Puccinia triticina f. sp. tritici), stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici), and stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) are major fungal constraints affecting wheat production worldwide. Identifying and deploying wheat varieties with diverse resistance are the best ways to manage all the rusts. Therefore, a continuous search goes on to identify diverse germplasm with effective rust resistance that expresses at different stages of plant growth (seedling and adult plant). A set of 22 rust resistant wheat genotypes and 4 checks (controls), viz., Avocet-Yr10, Avocet -Yr15, Agra Local, and respective positive checks were studied for characterising rust resistance genes using host–pathogen interactions complemented by molecular markers. Among 22 elite genotypes, 05 genotypes amplified 191 bp fragment with marker PSY1E1, confirmed the presence of gene Lr19/Sr25. These genotypes also expressed resistance to most virulent leaf rust pathotypes, 77-5 and 77-9 in host–pathogen interaction test (HPI). Seven genotypes showed the presence of Lr34/Yr18/Sr57/Pm38/Ltn1 in homozygous state, whereas G4 showed its presence in heterozygous condition. Among 22 genotypes, 16 genotypes possessed Yr10. Five genotypes (22.7%) exhibited two gene combinations, Lr19/Sr25, and Yr10 as revealed through the detection of 191 bp fragment with marker PSY1E1 and 260 bp fragment with co-dominantly inherited microsatellite marker Xpsp3000, respectively. All five genotypes (G2, G3, G8, G9, and G18) also expressed brown glumes controlled by the gene Rg1 tightly linked to Yr10 on the 1BS chromosome. Broad spectrum rust resistance present in these lines in good agronomic backgrounds could be used as potent genetic donors for diverse and durable rust resistance breeding programmes in wheat.

叶锈病(Puccinia triticina f. sp. tritici)、条锈病(Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici)和茎锈病(Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici)是影响全球小麦生产的主要真菌制约因素。鉴定和培育具有多种抗性的小麦品种是管理所有锈病的最佳方法。因此,人们一直在寻找具有有效抗锈病能力的多样化种质,这些种质在植物生长的不同阶段(幼苗和成株)都有表现。我们研究了一组 22 个抗锈病小麦基因型和 4 个对照(对照),即 Avocet-Yr10、Avocet-Yr15、Agra Local,以及各自的阳性对照,利用分子标记补充宿主与病原体之间的相互作用来鉴定抗锈病基因。在 22 个优良基因型中,05 个基因型扩增出 191 bp 的标记片段 PSY1E1,证实了 Lr19/Sr25 基因的存在。这些基因型还在宿主-病原体相互作用试验(HPI)中表现出对毒性最强的叶锈病病型 77-5 和 77-9 的抗性。7 个基因型表现出 Lr34/Yr18/Sr57/Pm38/Ltn1 的同源杂合状态,而 G4 则表现出杂合状态。在 22 个基因型中,16 个基因型具有 Yr10。有 5 个基因型(22.7%)表现出 Lr19/Sr25 和 Yr10 两种基因组合,这分别是通过检测 191 bp 片段的标记 PSY1E1 和 260 bp 片段的共显性遗传微卫星标记 Xpsp3000 发现的。所有五个基因型(G2、G3、G8、G9 和 G18)也都表现出棕色颖壳,由与 1BS 染色体上的 Yr10 紧密相连的基因 Rg1 控制。这些具有良好农艺背景的品系具有广谱抗锈性,可作为有力的基因供体,用于小麦多样化和持久抗锈性育种计划。
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引用次数: 0
First Report of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita Infecting Ficus tikoua in China 中国首次报告根结线虫 Meloidogyne incognita 感染榕树的情况
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13419
Yu Gan, Ju-Kui Ma, Li-Jun Liao, Xiang-Rui Meng, Yan Chen

Ficus tikoua can be used as resources for fruit and herbal medicine inspiring large-scale planting in China. Nodular galls were found on the roots of the planted F. tikoua individuals in 2022. The mature females and egg masses of nematodes were extracted from the nodular galls, and microscopic examination suggested Meloidogyne infection. Molecular identification based on ITS, 18S rRNA sequences assigned the infecting species to Meloidogyne incognita, which was further demonstrated by the successful application of specific SCAR marker M. incognita in all samples. The pathogenicity of M. incognita was conducted on F. tikoua cutting seedlings based on Koch's postulates. This is the first report of M. incognita infection in F. tikoua in China.

榕树可作为水果和中药材资源,启发了中国的大规模种植。2022 年,在种植的榕树个体根部发现了节瘿。从结节虫瘿中提取了线虫的成熟雌虫和卵块,显微镜检查表明线虫感染。基于 ITS 和 18S rRNA 序列的分子鉴定结果表明,感染物种为 Meloidogyne incognita,在所有样本中成功应用特异性 SCAR 标记 M. incognita 进一步证明了这一点。根据科赫假说,在 F. tikoua 切苗上研究了 M. incognita 的致病性。这是中国首次报道 F. tikoua 感染 M. incognita。
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引用次数: 0
Phomopsis Head Rot caused by Diaporthe helianthi: A New Disease on Sunflower in Argentina Diaporthe helianthi 引起的向日葵头腐烂病:阿根廷向日葵上的一种新病害
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13416
D. N. Colombo, A. Figueruelo, N. B. Paniego, R. M. Comerio, A. Corró Molas

During a survey conducted in the 2021, 2022 and 2023 seasons, sunflower heads showing symptoms of dry rot were collected from 80 fields in the semi-arid Pampa region of Argentina. A total of 72% of the fields examined in 2021, 71% in 2022 and 63% in 2023 showed the presence of the disease. The highest incidence was recorded as 70% in 2021. Phomopsis head rot began as dry, brown spots on the back of the head, progressing to necrosis and twisting of adjacent leaves. Infected head tissue samples were surface sterilised, cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 25°C for 14 days. Diaporthe helianthi was identified based on cultural and morphological characteristics as well as molecular data. A phylogenetic analysis was performed. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-α (ef1-α) and β-tubulin sequences were deposited in GenBank, showing the identity with the ex-type D. helianthi strain CBS 592.81. Pathogenicity experiments confirmed the presence of similar disease symptoms in inoculated sunflower heads, and D. helianthi was consistently reisolated from these organs. Our Koch's postulates testing results on heads constitute the first confirmed report that D. helianthi is the cause of Phomopsis head rot on sunflower in Argentina.

在 2021 年、2022 年和 2023 年进行的一项调查中,从阿根廷半干旱潘帕地区的 80 块田地中收集了出现干腐病症状的向日葵头。2021 年、2022 年和 2023 年分别有 72% 、71% 和 63% 的田块出现了干腐病。2021 年的发病率最高,达到 70%。头腐病最初表现为头部背面出现干燥的褐色斑点,随后相邻叶片坏死和扭曲。受感染的头部组织样本经表面消毒后,在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂(PDA)上培养,并在 25°C 下培养 14 天。根据培养和形态特征以及分子数据对 Diaporthe helianthi 进行了鉴定。进行了系统进化分析。内部转录间隔序列(ITS)、翻译伸长因子 1-α (ef1-α)和 β-微管蛋白序列已存入 GenBank,显示与前型 D. helianthi 菌株 CBS 592.81 相同。致病性实验证实,在接种的向日葵花头中存在类似的疾病症状,而且从这些器官中一直能重新分离出 D. helianthi。我们对向日葵头部进行的科赫假设检验结果首次证实,向日葵头部腐烂病是由 D. helianthi 引起的。
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引用次数: 0
Occurrence, Complete Genome Sequencing, and Development of Diagnostics for Black Pepper Virus F Infecting Black Pepper in India 印度黑胡椒感染黑胡椒病毒 F 的发生、全基因组测序和诊断方法的开发
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13418
P. Malavika, M. Greeshma, A. I. Bhat

The occurrence of black pepper virus F (BPVF) was identified for the first time from India, and its complete genome sequence was determined using overlapping fragments obtained through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The RNA 1 and RNA 2 of the Indian isolate of BPVF (BPVF-IND) contained 6376 and 3340 nucleotides potentially coding for proteins of 230.7 kDa and 114 kDa respectively. Comparison of the RNA 1 sequence of BPVF-IND with that of BPVF from Brazil (BPVF- BR-PA) and China (BPVF- ZYP-1) revealed an identity of 95% and 90%, respectively, while RNA 2 showed an identity of 96% and 90%. The phylogenetic analysis of the Pro-Pol region of RNA 1 and coat protein region of RNA 2 revealed close clustering of all three BPVF isolates well separated from other species of the genus, Fabavirus. Diagnostics assays based on the RT-PCR and RT-recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) were developed for the sensitive detection of the virus that will help in the identification and propagation of virus-free black pepper plants.

通过反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)获得的重叠片段确定了黑胡椒病毒 F(BPVF)的完整基因组序列。印度分离的 BPVF(BPVF-IND)的 RNA 1 和 RNA 2 分别含有 6376 和 3340 个核苷酸,可能分别编码 230.7 kDa 和 114 kDa 的蛋白质。将 BPVF-IND 的 RNA 1 序列与巴西的 BPVF(BPVF- BR-PA)和中国的 BPVF(BPVF- ZYP-1)的 RNA 1 序列进行比较,发现两者的同一性分别为 95% 和 90%,而 RNA 2 的同一性分别为 96% 和 90%。对 RNA 1 的 Pro-Pol 区域和 RNA 2 的衣壳蛋白区域进行的系统进化分析表明,所有三个 BPVF 分离物的聚类都很接近,与法巴病毒属的其他物种相距甚远。基于 RT-PCR 和 RT-recombinase 聚合酶扩增(RT-RPA)技术开发的诊断方法可灵敏地检测病毒,有助于鉴定和繁殖无病毒的黑胡椒植株。
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引用次数: 0
First Report of Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 HGI Causing Corky Cracks on Potato Tubers in Mauritius 毛里求斯首次报告 Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 HGI 在马铃薯块茎上造成木栓质裂纹
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13414
Sandhya Devi Takooree, Hudaa Neetoo, Mira Vojvodić, Aleksandra Bulajić, Vijayanti Mala Ranghoo-Sanmukhiya

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is of great economic importance for Mauritius. During a disease survey carried out in a field in one of the major potato-growing regions of Mauritius, corky cracked lesions with halo and mycelial growth were observed on the skin surfaces of around 45% of tubers. The suspected fungus from the affected areas was isolated on amended potato dextrose agar and after 7 days, several fast-growing, pale brown Rhizoctonia-like colonies with a few sclerotia were observed. Additionally, microscopic analysis revealed some cells being multinucleate, forming hyphal branching at right angles with slight constriction together with septum near the branch base. Pathogenicity tests confirmed development of the same symptoms on potato tubers and the causal agent was reisolated successfully. Sequence analysis of the ITS region of representative isolate P114 amplified using ITS1F/ITS4 primers showed that it was identical to several isolates of multinucleate Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 HGI, and neighbour-joining phylogenetic analyses confirmed the identification. To our knowledge, this is the first report of R. solani AG-4 HGI-infecting potato tubers and causing corky cracks in Mauritius.

马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)对毛里求斯具有重要的经济意义。在毛里求斯一个主要马铃薯种植区的田间进行病害调查期间,在大约 45% 的块茎表皮上观察到了木栓状裂纹病变,并伴有光晕和菌丝生长。从受害部位分离出的疑似真菌被置于马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂中,7 天后,观察到几个快速生长的淡褐色根瘤菌样菌落,并带有少量硬菌。此外,显微镜分析表明,一些细胞为多核细胞,形成直角分枝,分枝基部附近有轻微缢缩和隔膜。致病性试验证实,马铃薯块茎上也出现了同样的症状,并成功地重新分离出了病原菌。使用 ITS1F/ITS4 引物扩增的代表性分离物 P114 的 ITS 区域的序列分析表明,它与多核根瘤菌 AG-4 HGI 的几个分离物相同,邻接系统发育分析证实了这一鉴定。据我们所知,这是毛里求斯首次报道 R. solani AG-4 HGI 感染马铃薯块茎并导致木栓化裂纹。
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引用次数: 0
First Report of Three Fusarium spp. Causing Root Rot of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) in China 中国首次报告三种镰刀菌引起豇豆(Vigna unguiculata)根腐病
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13413
Qian Luo, Jia-Hao Lai, Teng-Fei Zhou, You-Xin Yang, Bing Liu

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), known for its high nutritional value, is one of the most important edible beans worldwide. In September 2023, a root rot disease was found in a greenhouse in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, with symptoms of plant wilting. The isolates from the diseased samples were identified as Fusarium concentricum, F. fujikuroi and F. incarnatum based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of four loci including the internal transcribed spacer region (rDNA-ITS), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1), beta-tubulin (TUB2) and calmodulin (CAM). The pathogenicity of the representative isolates was confirmed on asymptomatic cowpea seedlings. Although other Fusarium species, particularly F. oxysporum, have been previously reported as pathogens of cowpea, this study is the first to document F. concentricum, F. fujikuroi, and F. incarnatum as causative agents of cowpea root rot in China.

豇豆(Vigna unguiculata)以营养价值高著称,是世界上最重要的食用豆类之一。2023 年 9 月,江西省南昌市的一个温室中发现了一种根腐病,症状是植株枯萎。根据形态特征和四个位点(包括内部转录间隔区(rDNA-ITS)、翻译伸长因子 1-α(TEF1)、β-微管蛋白(TUB2)和钙调蛋白(CAM))的系统发育分析,从病样中分离出的菌株被鉴定为同心镰刀菌、富士黑镰刀菌和incarnatum镰刀菌。在无症状的豇豆幼苗上证实了代表性分离物的致病性。虽然以前曾有报道称其他镰刀菌属(尤其是 F. oxysporum)是豇豆的病原菌,但本研究是首次记录 F. concentricum、F. fujikuroi 和 F. incarnatum 是中国豇豆根腐病的病原菌。
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引用次数: 0
Pathogen Identification and Resistance Screening of Fusarium Basal Rot in Taşköprü Garlic in Türkiye 土耳其 Taşköprü 大蒜基腐镰刀菌的病原体鉴定和抗性筛选
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1111/jph.13415
Zühtü Polat, Gülay Beşirli, Sibel Derviş, Göksel Özer, Satı Mehmet Sezer, Mehmet İpek

Fusarium basal rot (FBR), caused by Fusarium spp., is a significant threat to garlic production globally, including in Türkiye, where the unique Taşköprü garlic is highly valued. This study investigated the diversity and aggressiveness of 77 Fusarium isolates obtained from disease surveys of FBR in Taşköprü garlic and evaluated the yield and resistance of 20 garlic accessions, including 18 local landraces, the locally developed ‘Taşköprü 56’, and the commercial Chinese variety ‘ASCG’. Molecular identification using translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1) and second largest RNA polymerase II B-subunit (RPB2) genes revealed F. oxysporum (67.5%) as the dominant species, followed by F. proliferatum (15.6%), F. solani (9.1%), F. redolens (5.2%) and F. clavum (2.6%), respectively. All isolates were pathogenic, but aggressiveness varied, with F. solani being the most aggressive, followed by F. redolens and F. oxysporum. While ‘ASCG’ exhibited the highest yield (3.15 ton/ha), it was highly susceptible to FBR (DSI = 97.50%). Conversely, the landrace ASTK2 displayed the highest resistance (DSI = 53.13%), but lower yield. Promisingly, several Taşköprü landraces, such as ASTK6 and ASTK13, demonstrated both moderate resistance and promising yield potential. Surprisingly, ‘Taşköprü 56’, despite being a locally developed variety, exhibited high susceptibility to FBR (DSI = 93.75%) and did not outperform many landraces in terms of yield. This study provides the first reports of F. redolens and F. clavum infecting garlic in Türkiye, and the first molecular characterisation of F. solani as a garlic pathogen in the country, highlighting the potential of local landraces for breeding FBR-resistant, high-yielding cultivars.

由镰刀菌属引起的镰刀菌基腐病(FBR)是全球大蒜生产的一个重大威胁,在土耳其也是如此,该国独有的 Taşköprü 大蒜具有很高的价值。本研究调查了从塔什库普鲁大蒜 FBR 病害调查中获得的 77 个镰刀菌分离株的多样性和侵染性,并评估了 20 个大蒜品种的产量和抗性,其中包括 18 个当地陆生品种、当地开发的 "塔什库普鲁 56 "和中国商业品种 "ASCG"。利用翻译伸长因子 1-α (TEF1) 和第二大 RNA 聚合酶 II B-亚基 (RPB2) 基因进行的分子鉴定显示,F. oxysporum(67.5%)是优势种,其次分别是 F. proliferatum(15.6%)、F. solani(9.1%)、F. redolens(5.2%)和 F. clavum(2.6%)。所有分离物都具有致病性,但侵染性各不相同,其中 F. solani 的侵染性最强,其次是 F. redolens 和 F. oxysporum。虽然'ASCG'产量最高(3.15 吨/公顷),但它对 FBR 非常敏感(DSI = 97.50%)。相反,土地品种 ASTK2 表现出最高的抗性(DSI = 53.13%),但产量较低。令人欣喜的是,ASTK6 和 ASTK13 等几个 Taşköprü 地方品种既表现出中等抗性,又具有良好的产量潜力。令人惊讶的是,"Taşköprü 56 "尽管是当地培育的品种,却对FBR表现出高度敏感性(DSI = 93.75%),在产量方面也没有超过许多陆地品种。这项研究首次报道了 F. redolens 和 F. clavum 感染土耳其大蒜的情况,并首次通过分子鉴定确定了 F. solani 是该国大蒜的病原体,突出了当地陆地品种在培育抗 FBR 高产栽培品种方面的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Phytopathology
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