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The impact of earthquakes on women: assessing women's mental health in aftermath of the Kahramanmaraş-centred earthquake in Türkiye 地震对妇女的影响:评估图尔基耶以 Kahramanmaraş 为中心的地震后妇女的心理健康情况
IF 4.4 4区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae059
Veysal Kaplan, Muhammad Alkasaby, Mehmet Emin Düken, Özlem Kaçkin, Abanoub Riad
Background Earthquakes disproportionately affect women and exacerbate gender and social inequalities. This study aims to investigate the psychological impact of the earthquake in Türkiye on women and the associated factors. Methods This is a survey-based study. We collected data from 498 women residing in cities most affected by the earthquake. Results Participants’ mean age was 27.72 ± 5.4. Over 78% of the participants lost at least one family member, and 43.7% lost at least one child due to the earthquake. The mean average of Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) scores was 100.8 (SD = 8.37), and the Global Severity Index was 1.9 (SD = 0.16). Regression analysis showed that higher education levels predicted poor outcomes across most BSI dimensions. Losing a family member and shelter and injury status were also predictors for several mental health outcomes of the BSI subscales. Conclusions Earthquakes significantly impact women’s well-being and may have a broader impact on the whole family. There is an urgent need to provide psycho-social interventions in the response and recovery phases of the crisis to meet the affected women’s needs. This includes providing basic needs with attention to women-specific needs, restoring social networks, addressing gender-based violence and providing gender-sensitive specialized interventions for those who need further support.
背景 地震对妇女的影响尤为严重,并加剧了性别和社会不平等。本研究旨在调查土耳其地震对妇女的心理影响及其相关因素。方法 这是一项基于调查的研究。我们收集了居住在受地震影响最严重城市的 498 名女性的数据。结果 参与者的平均年龄为 27.72±5.4 岁。超过 78% 的参与者至少失去了一位家庭成员,43.7% 的参与者至少失去了一个孩子。简短症状量表(BSI)平均得分为 100.8(标准差 = 8.37),全球严重程度指数为 1.9(标准差 = 0.16)。回归分析表明,受教育程度越高,大多数 BSI 指标的结果越差。失去家人、避难所和受伤状况也是预测 BSI 分量表中若干心理健康结果的因素。结论 地震严重影响了妇女的福祉,并可能对整个家庭产生更广泛的影响。迫切需要在危机的应对和恢复阶段提供社会心理干预,以满足受灾妇女的需求。这包括提供基本需求,同时关注妇女的特殊需求,恢复社会网络,解决基于性别的暴力问题,并为需要进一步支持的妇女提供对性别问题有敏感认识的专门干预措施。
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引用次数: 0
Epidemiological anomaly detection in Philippine public health surveillance data through Newcomb-Benford analysis 通过纽科姆-本福德分析检测菲律宾公共卫生监测数据中的流行病学异常现象
IF 4.4 4区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae062
Samuel John E Parreño
Background Public health surveillance is vital for monitoring and controlling disease spread. In the Philippines, an effective surveillance system is crucial for managing diverse infectious diseases. The Newcomb-Benford Law (NBL) is a statistical tool known for anomaly detection in various datasets, including those in public health. Methods Using Philippine epidemiological data from 2019 to 2023, this study applied NBL analysis. Diseases included acute flaccid paralysis, diphtheria, measles, rubella, neonatal tetanus, pertussis, chikungunya, dengue, leptospirosis and others. The analysis involved Chi-square tests, Mantissa Arc tests, Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) and Distortion Factor calculations. Results Most diseases exhibited nonconformity to NBL, except for measles. MAD consistently indicated nonconformity, highlighting potential anomalies. Rabies consistently showed substantial deviations, while leptospirosis exhibited closer alignment, especially in 2021. Annual variations in disease deviations were notable, with acute meningitis encephalitis syndrome in 2019 and influenza-like illness in 2023 having the highest deviations. Conclusions The study provides practical insights for improving Philippine public health surveillance. Despite some diseases showing conformity, deviations suggest data quality issues. Enhancing the PIDSR, especially in diseases with consistent nonconformity, is crucial for accurate monitoring and response. The NBL’s versatility across diverse domains emphasizes its utility for ensuring data integrity and quality assurance.
背景 公共卫生监测对监测和控制疾病传播至关重要。在菲律宾,有效的监测系统对管理各种传染病至关重要。纽科姆-本福德定律(Newcomb-Benford Law,NBL)是一种已知的统计工具,可用于各种数据集(包括公共卫生数据集)的异常检测。方法 本研究利用菲律宾 2019 年至 2023 年的流行病学数据,对 NBL 进行了分析。疾病包括急性弛缓性麻痹、白喉、麻疹、风疹、新生儿破伤风、百日咳、基孔肯雅病、登革热、钩端螺旋体病等。分析包括卡方检验、尾数弧检验、平均绝对偏差(MAD)和失真系数计算。结果 除麻疹外,大多数疾病与 NBL 不一致。平均绝对偏差(MAD)始终显示出不一致性,突出了潜在的异常情况。狂犬病的偏差一直很大,而钩端螺旋体病的偏差则比较接近,特别是在 2021 年。疾病偏差的年度变化非常明显,其中 2019 年的急性脑膜炎脑炎综合征和 2023 年的流感样疾病偏差最大。结论 该研究为改进菲律宾公共卫生监测提供了实用的见解。尽管一些疾病显示出一致性,但偏差表明存在数据质量问题。加强菲律宾公共卫生监测报告,尤其是对持续不符合要求的疾病进行监测,对于准确监测和应对至关重要。NBL 在不同领域的通用性强调了其在确保数据完整性和质量保证方面的实用性。
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引用次数: 0
Problems accessing health care and under-5 mortality: a pooled analysis of 50 low- and middle-income countries 获得医疗保健的问题与 5 岁以下儿童死亡率:对 50 个中低收入国家的汇总分析
IF 4.4 4区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae053
Jinseo Kim, Yun-Jung Eom, Soohyeon Ko, S V Subramanian, Rockli Kim
Background Access to health care remains suboptimal in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and continues to hinder survival in early childhood. We systematically assessed the association between problems accessing health care (PAHC) and under-five mortality (U5M). Methods Child mortality data on 724 335 livebirths came from the latest Demographic and Health Surveys of 50 LMICs (2013–2021). Reasons for PAHC were classified into three domains: ‘money needed for treatment’ (economic), ‘distance to health facility’ (physical), ‘getting permission’ or ‘not wanting to go alone’ (socio-cultural). Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the association between PAHC (any and by each type) and U5M. Results In our pooled sample, 47.3 children per 1000 livebirths died before age of 5, and 57.1% reported having experienced PAHC (ranging from 45.3% in Europe & Central Asia to 72.7% in Latin America & Caribbean). Children with any PAHC had higher odds of U5M (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.09), and this association was especially significant in sub-Saharan Africa. Of different domains of PAHC, socio-cultural PAHC was found to be most significant. Conclusions Access to health care in LMICs needs to be improved by expanding health care coverage, building health facilities, and focusing more on context-specific socio-cultural barriers.
背景 在低收入和中等收入国家(LMICs),医疗服务的可及性仍然不尽如人意,继续阻碍着幼儿的生存。我们系统地评估了获得医疗保健(PAHC)问题与五岁以下儿童死亡率(U5M)之间的关系。方法 724 335 例活产的儿童死亡率数据来自 50 个低收入国家的最新人口与健康调查(2013-2021 年)。PAHC 的原因分为三个方面:治疗所需的钱"(经济)、"到医疗机构的距离"(物理)、"获得许可 "或 "不想一个人去"(社会文化)。多变量逻辑回归用于估计 PAHC(任何类型和每种类型)与五岁以下儿童死亡率之间的关系。结果 在我们的汇总样本中,每 1000 个活产中有 47.3 个儿童在 5 岁前死亡,57.1% 的儿童称曾经历过 PAHC(从欧洲和中亚的 45.3% 到拉丁美洲和加勒比海的 72.7%)。患有任何 PAHC 的儿童发生五岁以下幼儿死亡的几率较高(OR:1.05,95% CI:1.02,1.09),这种关联在撒哈拉以南非洲尤为显著。在 PAHC 的不同领域中,社会文化 PAHC 的作用最为显著。结论 在低收入和中等收入国家,需要通过扩大医疗覆盖面、建设医疗设施以及更加关注特定环境下的社会文化障碍来改善医疗服务的可及性。
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引用次数: 0
Promotion of legume intake—Israeli dietitians’ knowledge, beliefs and practices 促进豆类摄入--以色列营养师的知识、信念和做法
IF 4.4 4区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae055
Orit Ofir, Aliza Hannah Stark, Yael Bar-Zeev
Background The health and environmental benefits of legume consumption are reflected in dietary guidelines worldwide. However, legume intake fails to meet recommendations. Dietitians’ legume counseling practices can impact consumption patterns. This cross-sectional study assessed Israeli dietitians’ knowledge, attitudes, perceptions and practices regarding legume counseling and identified pertinent barriers and facilitators. Methods An electronic survey among Israeli dietitians (n = 309) was performed. Multivariable logistic regression assessed associations between recommending legumes with participants’ socio-demographic and professional characteristics, knowledge, perceptions, attitudes toward legume counseling and personal legume intake. Results Almost half (47.4%) of the participants recommended that 76% or more of their patients increase legume intake. Factors that were associated with recommending legumes were perceptions of fewer barriers to consumption [adjusted OR (aOR) 1.92 (95% CI 1.24–2.96)] and positive attitudes toward legume counseling pertaining to its importance [aOR 1.95 (95% CI 1.12–3.4)]. Negatively associated factors were a low level of personal legume consumption [aOR 0.38 (95% CI 0.15–0.94)] and working in hospitals [aOR 0.43 (95% CI 0.19–0.98)]. Conclusions Israeli dietitians’ recommendations for legume consumption were well below current guidelines. These findings indicate the need for a tailored intervention for nutrition professionals to increase the frequency of legume counseling and overall consumption.
背景 世界各国的膳食指南都体现了食用豆类对健康和环境的益处。然而,豆类的摄入量却未达到建议水平。营养师的豆类咨询实践会影响消费模式。这项横断面研究评估了以色列营养师在豆类咨询方面的知识、态度、看法和做法,并确定了相关的障碍和促进因素。方法 对以色列营养师(n = 309)进行了一次电子调查。多变量逻辑回归评估了推荐豆类与参与者的社会人口和职业特征、知识、认知、对豆类咨询的态度以及个人豆类摄入量之间的关联。结果 近一半(47.4%)的参与者建议其 76% 或以上的患者增加豆类摄入量。与推荐摄入豆类相关的因素是,他们认为摄入豆类的障碍较少[调整OR (aOR) 1.92 (95% CI 1.24-2.96)],并且对豆类咨询的重要性持积极态度[aOR 1.95 (95% CI 1.12-3.4)]。与之负相关的因素是个人豆类消费水平低[aOR 0.38 (95% CI 0.15-0.94)]和在医院工作[aOR 0.43 (95% CI 0.19-0.98)]。结论 以色列营养师对豆类摄入量的建议远低于现行指南。这些研究结果表明,有必要为营养专业人员提供量身定制的干预措施,以增加豆类食品咨询的频率和总体消费量。
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引用次数: 0
Using narratives to correct politically charged health misinformation and address affective belief echoes 利用叙事纠正带有政治色彩的健康误导,解决情感信念回响问题
IF 4.4 4区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae050
Helen M Lillie, Chelsea L Ratcliff, Andy J King, Manusheela Pokharel, Jakob D Jensen
Background In May 2020, news outlets reported misinformation about the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) related to COVID-19. Correcting misinformation about outbreaks and politics is particularly challenging. Affective belief echoes continue to influence audiences even after successful correction. Narrative and emotional flow scholarship suggest that a narrative corrective with a positive ending could reduce belief echoes. Therefore, this study investigated the efficacy of a narrative corrective with a relief ending for correcting misinformation about the CDC. Methods Between 29 May and 4 June 2020, we tested the effectiveness of a narrative to correct this misinformation. Participants in the United States (N = 469) were enrolled via Qualtrics panels in an online message experiment and randomized to receive a narrative corrective, a didactic corrective or no corrective. Results The narrative corrective resulted in lower endorsement of the misinformation compared with the control and the didactic corrective. The narrative corrective had a positive indirect effect on perceived CDC competence and mask wearing intentions for politically moderate and conservative participants via relief. Conclusions Public health institutions, such as the CDC, should consider utilizing narrative messaging with positive emotion endings to correct misinformation. Narratives better address affective belief echoes, particularly for counter-attitudinal audiences.
背景 2020 年 5 月,新闻机构报道了有关美国疾病控制中心 (CDC) COVID-19 的错误信息。纠正有关疫情和政治的错误信息尤其具有挑战性。即使在成功更正后,情感信念的回声仍会继续影响受众。叙事和情感流学术研究表明,具有积极结局的叙事纠正可以减少信念回响。因此,本研究调查了以释怀结尾的叙事纠错法在纠正有关疾病预防控制中心的错误信息方面的效果。方法 在 2020 年 5 月 29 日至 6 月 4 日期间,我们测试了叙事纠正这一错误信息的效果。美国的参与者(N = 469)通过 Qualtrics 面板参加了在线信息实验,并随机接受了叙述式纠正、说教式纠正或无纠正。结果 与对照组和说教式纠正相比,叙述式纠正导致对错误信息的认可度降低。对于政治温和派和保守派的参与者来说,叙述式纠正通过缓解对感知到的疾病预防控制中心的能力和佩戴口罩的意愿产生了积极的间接影响。结论 疾病预防控制中心等公共卫生机构应考虑利用带有积极情绪结尾的叙事信息来纠正错误信息。叙事能更好地解决情感信念的回响问题,尤其是对反态度受众而言。
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引用次数: 0
Appealing to Americans’ altruism is not enough to nudge them to accept novel vaccines 美国人的利他主义不足以促使他们接受新型疫苗
IF 4.4 4区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae048
Emmanuel F Drabo, Marcella A Kelley, Cynthia L Gong
Background The role of altruism in the acceptance of novel preventive healthcare technologies like vaccines has not been thoroughly elucidated. Methods We 1:1 randomized n = 2004 Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) participants residing in the USA into a control or treatment arm with vaccination decisions framed altruistically, to elicit their preferences for COVID-19 vaccination using web-based discrete choice experiments. We used conditional and mixed logit models to estimate the impact of framing decisions in terms of altruism on vaccination acceptance. Results Valid responses were provided by 1674 participants (control, n = 848; treatment, n = 826). Framing vaccination decisions altruistically had no significant effect on vaccination acceptance. Further, respondents’ degree of altruism had no association with vaccination acceptance. Limitations The MTurk sample may not be representative of the American population. We were unable to ascertain concordance between stated and revealed preferences. Conclusions and Implications Framing vaccination decisions in terms of altruism does not appear to significantly influence vaccination acceptance and may not be an effective nudging mechanism to increase the uptake of novel vaccines. Instead, a favorable vaccination profile appears to be the primary driver of uptake.
背景 利他主义在接受疫苗等新型预防保健技术中的作用尚未得到彻底阐明。方法 我们以 1:1 的比例将 n = 2004 名居住在美国的亚马逊机械特克(MTurk)参与者随机分为对照组和治疗组,并以利他主义作为疫苗接种决策的框架,通过基于网络的离散选择实验来了解他们对 COVID-19 疫苗接种的偏好。我们使用条件和混合 Logit 模型来估算利他决策对疫苗接种接受度的影响。结果 1674 名参与者做出了有效回答(对照组,n = 848;治疗组,n = 826)。利他主义的疫苗接种决策框架对疫苗接种的接受度没有显著影响。此外,受访者的利他主义程度与疫苗接种接受度也没有关系。局限性 MTurk 的样本可能无法代表美国人口。我们无法确定陈述的偏好与揭示的偏好是否一致。结论和启示 从利他主义的角度制定疫苗接种决策似乎不会显著影响疫苗接种的接受度,也可能不是提高新型疫苗接种率的有效激励机制。相反,有利的疫苗接种情况似乎是疫苗接种的主要驱动因素。
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引用次数: 0
Health-related resources and social support as enablers of digital device use among older Finns 健康相关资源和社会支持是芬兰老年人使用数字设备的促进因素
IF 4.4 4区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-024-02241-y
Johanna Eronen, E. Portegijs, Taina Rantanen
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引用次数: 0
“Money comin' fast, we never gettin' sleep”: a qualitative investigation of how sleep is represented in Hip-Hop and rhythm and blues songs "钱来得快,我们睡不着":关于 Hip-Hop 和节奏布鲁斯歌曲中如何表现睡眠的定性调查
IF 4.4 4区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-024-02231-0
Rebecca Robbins, J. Iyer, Dominique Bocanegra, Lindsey Harr, Lori Rose Benson, Olajide Williams
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引用次数: 0
Correction to: A content analysis of alcohol imagery in season 2 of The Kardashians 更正:卡戴珊姐妹》第二季中酒精意象的内容分析
IF 4.4 4区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-024-02244-9
Alexander B. Barker, Charlotte L. Scott, Emma E. Sharpe
{"title":"Correction to: A content analysis of alcohol imagery in season 2 of The Kardashians","authors":"Alexander B. Barker, Charlotte L. Scott, Emma E. Sharpe","doi":"10.1007/s10389-024-02244-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-024-02244-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140375423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Loneliness, social support, and social networks: urban–rural variation and links to wellbeing in Scotland 孤独、社会支持和社会网络:苏格兰的城乡差异及其与福祉的联系
IF 4.4 4区 医学 Q1 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-024-02236-9
Emily Long, Meigan Thomson, J. Milicev, C. Goodfellow, Srebrenka Letina, Sara Bradley, Mark McCann
{"title":"Loneliness, social support, and social networks: urban–rural variation and links to wellbeing in Scotland","authors":"Emily Long, Meigan Thomson, J. Milicev, C. Goodfellow, Srebrenka Letina, Sara Bradley, Mark McCann","doi":"10.1007/s10389-024-02236-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-024-02236-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140385013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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