Background We aim to discover which, if any, of the subscales of internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems at age 3 are still associated with screen time (ST) at age 2 after adjusting for behavioral problems scores at age 2. Methods This study was conducted under the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study. Information was gathered prospectively, with 7207 mother–child pairs included in the analysis. Children’s ST was categorized in hours a day at age 2 (<1, 1-<2, 2-<4, ≥4). We assessed children’s behavioral problems using the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1½–5 (CBCL) at ages 2 and 3. ‘Having behavioral problems’ was defined by them being within a clinical range for internalizing behaviors (withdrawn, somatic complaints, anxious/depressed and emotionally reactive) and externalizing behaviors (attention problems and aggressive behaviors) at age 3. Continuous scores on each of the behavioral problem scales at age 2 were used as covariates. Results Greater ST for children at age 2 was associated with specific subscales for emotionally reactive and aggressive behaviors at age 3. Conclusions This study found that ST is prospectively associated with some behavioral scales but not others.
{"title":"Prospective associations of screen time at age 2 with specific behavioral subscales at age 3: a cohort study","authors":"Ippei Takahashi, Taku Obara, Mami Ishikuro, Masatsugu Orui, Aoi Noda, Genki Shinoda, Fuji Nagami, Atsushi Hozawa, Tomoko Nishimura, Kenji J Tsuchiya, Shinichi Kuriyama","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdae240","url":null,"abstract":"Background We aim to discover which, if any, of the subscales of internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems at age 3 are still associated with screen time (ST) at age 2 after adjusting for behavioral problems scores at age 2. Methods This study was conducted under the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study. Information was gathered prospectively, with 7207 mother–child pairs included in the analysis. Children’s ST was categorized in hours a day at age 2 (&lt;1, 1-&lt;2, 2-&lt;4, ≥4). We assessed children’s behavioral problems using the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1½–5 (CBCL) at ages 2 and 3. ‘Having behavioral problems’ was defined by them being within a clinical range for internalizing behaviors (withdrawn, somatic complaints, anxious/depressed and emotionally reactive) and externalizing behaviors (attention problems and aggressive behaviors) at age 3. Continuous scores on each of the behavioral problem scales at age 2 were used as covariates. Results Greater ST for children at age 2 was associated with specific subscales for emotionally reactive and aggressive behaviors at age 3. Conclusions This study found that ST is prospectively associated with some behavioral scales but not others.","PeriodicalId":16904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genetic engineering, biodiversity conservation and bioethics: where do we draw the line?","authors":"Danilo V Rogayan","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdae257","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142263725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"What increases and how to reduce the impact of gambling advertising?","authors":"Andi Pramesti Ningsih","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdae256","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142263706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of telepathology in advancing healthcare in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia.","authors":"Riza Amalia,Alwita Susanti,Lutfatulatifah","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdae251","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrating CBT in obesity treatment for sustainable health and well-being.","authors":"Riza Amalia,Lutfatulatifah,Henny Indreswari","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdae250","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bela Janare Putra,Isnaria Rizki Hayati,Rikas Saputra,Rizky Andana Pohan,Yenni Lidyawati,Raup Padillah
{"title":"The effect of youth unemployment on criminality in Indonesia: threat or opportunity to improve food security?","authors":"Bela Janare Putra,Isnaria Rizki Hayati,Rikas Saputra,Rizky Andana Pohan,Yenni Lidyawati,Raup Padillah","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdae252","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C Castelletti, F Ogunlayi, M Miret, E Lara, Oyebode
Background Good subjective wellbeing (SWB) is a key societal aspiration. The study of SWB determinants is of increasing interest. The present study aimed to examine national inequalities in SWB, and trends in these inequalities, for England across five demographic (sex and age) and socio-economic (educational level, household income and living alone) characteristics. Method The relative index of inequalities (RII) and slope index of inequalities (SII) were calculated from repeated cross-sectional data from the Health Survey for England from 2010 to 2019 (excluding 2017 and 2018 as our outcome variable was not collected in these years), in a total of 90 236 participants aged 16+. SWB was assessed using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS), treated as a dichotomous variable with high and low levels of SWB > 40 and ≤ 40, respectively. Results There were significant inequalities in SWB by income (RII from 1.086 to 1.116), educational level (RII from 0.893 to 0.941) and between people living alone or not (RII from 0.908 to 0.937). The RII and SII trends were not statistically significant. Conclusions Higher socio-economic status could play a protective role for SWB, and people in the most deprived socio-economic positions may be at higher risk for low SWB. These associations have remained stable over time.
{"title":"Demographic and socio-economic inequalities in subjective wellbeing: analysis of repeated cross-sectional health surveys in England 2010–2019","authors":"C Castelletti, F Ogunlayi, M Miret, E Lara, Oyebode","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdae247","url":null,"abstract":"Background Good subjective wellbeing (SWB) is a key societal aspiration. The study of SWB determinants is of increasing interest. The present study aimed to examine national inequalities in SWB, and trends in these inequalities, for England across five demographic (sex and age) and socio-economic (educational level, household income and living alone) characteristics. Method The relative index of inequalities (RII) and slope index of inequalities (SII) were calculated from repeated cross-sectional data from the Health Survey for England from 2010 to 2019 (excluding 2017 and 2018 as our outcome variable was not collected in these years), in a total of 90 236 participants aged 16+. SWB was assessed using the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS), treated as a dichotomous variable with high and low levels of SWB &gt; 40 and ≤ 40, respectively. Results There were significant inequalities in SWB by income (RII from 1.086 to 1.116), educational level (RII from 0.893 to 0.941) and between people living alone or not (RII from 0.908 to 0.937). The RII and SII trends were not statistically significant. Conclusions Higher socio-economic status could play a protective role for SWB, and people in the most deprived socio-economic positions may be at higher risk for low SWB. These associations have remained stable over time.","PeriodicalId":16904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142193485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guillermo Cano-Verdugo, Brianda Daniela Flores-García, Georgina Mayela Núñez-Rocha, María Natividad Ávila-Ortíz, María Argelia Akemi Nakagoshi-Cepeda
Background Urban farms are spaces designated for the cultivation of plants for food security, medicinal and curative purposes. Since the turn of the century, they have become more widespread and health benefits have been claimed; however, no consensus exists regarding this information. Hence, this study aims to provide information about the health effects of urban farming. Methods Protocol register number CRD42023448001. We followed the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Studies addressing urban farming interventions in any population group were included without age limitation of publication from PubMed, DOAJ, CAB s and NIH. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions tool, and data were narratively synthesized. Results The search retrieved 2578 manuscripts, reduced to seven after screening. Urban farming’s impact on health has been reflected in the physical domain by increasing self-reported health levels, physical activity, perceived general health, healthy eating and decreasing drug use. Parasites’ presence has also been reported. In the mental aspect, urban farming is associated with relaxation and stress reduction. From a social perspective, urban farms provide a sense of belonging, personal growth and happiness. Conclusions The benefits of urban farming outweigh the disadvantages. Further research should be conducted to clarify the potential benefits of this practice.
{"title":"Impact of urban farming on health: a systematic review","authors":"Guillermo Cano-Verdugo, Brianda Daniela Flores-García, Georgina Mayela Núñez-Rocha, María Natividad Ávila-Ortíz, María Argelia Akemi Nakagoshi-Cepeda","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdae056","url":null,"abstract":"Background Urban farms are spaces designated for the cultivation of plants for food security, medicinal and curative purposes. Since the turn of the century, they have become more widespread and health benefits have been claimed; however, no consensus exists regarding this information. Hence, this study aims to provide information about the health effects of urban farming. Methods Protocol register number CRD42023448001. We followed the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Studies addressing urban farming interventions in any population group were included without age limitation of publication from PubMed, DOAJ, CAB s and NIH. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions tool, and data were narratively synthesized. Results The search retrieved 2578 manuscripts, reduced to seven after screening. Urban farming’s impact on health has been reflected in the physical domain by increasing self-reported health levels, physical activity, perceived general health, healthy eating and decreasing drug use. Parasites’ presence has also been reported. In the mental aspect, urban farming is associated with relaxation and stress reduction. From a social perspective, urban farms provide a sense of belonging, personal growth and happiness. Conclusions The benefits of urban farming outweigh the disadvantages. Further research should be conducted to clarify the potential benefits of this practice.","PeriodicalId":16904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140832791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 posed significant communication challenges, especially in the healthcare sector. Telepathology provides a valuable means for healthcare providers to communicate. This study investigated the key challenges and benefits of telepathology in education through a systematic review of relevant studies conducted during this period. Methods This systematic review was conducted in 2022. We utilized databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect. Our search was performed from 7 February 2022 to 13 February 2022. We selected articles based on inclusion criteria and used the Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist to assess study strengths and limitations. We extracted data using a checklist and synthesized the results narratively. Results We initially identified 125 articles, and after screening, 15 were included in the study. These studies reported various challenges, including cost, technology, communication problems, educational difficulties, time wasting, legal issues and family distraction problems. Conversely, studies mentioned benefits, such as care improvement, better education, time efficiency, proper communication, cost and technology advancement. Conclusions The results of this study will help future efforts and investigations to implement and set up telepathology. Based on our review, despite the challenges, the benefits of telepathology in education are greater than these obstacles, indicating its potential for future use.
{"title":"Challenges and benefits of telepathology in education: lessons learned from COVID-19—a systematic review","authors":"Fariba Moalem Borazjani, Mahsa Raeisi Sarkhuni, Azin Nahvijou","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdae063","url":null,"abstract":"Background The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 posed significant communication challenges, especially in the healthcare sector. Telepathology provides a valuable means for healthcare providers to communicate. This study investigated the key challenges and benefits of telepathology in education through a systematic review of relevant studies conducted during this period. Methods This systematic review was conducted in 2022. We utilized databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect. Our search was performed from 7 February 2022 to 13 February 2022. We selected articles based on inclusion criteria and used the Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist to assess study strengths and limitations. We extracted data using a checklist and synthesized the results narratively. Results We initially identified 125 articles, and after screening, 15 were included in the study. These studies reported various challenges, including cost, technology, communication problems, educational difficulties, time wasting, legal issues and family distraction problems. Conversely, studies mentioned benefits, such as care improvement, better education, time efficiency, proper communication, cost and technology advancement. Conclusions The results of this study will help future efforts and investigations to implement and set up telepathology. Based on our review, despite the challenges, the benefits of telepathology in education are greater than these obstacles, indicating its potential for future use.","PeriodicalId":16904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140832549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background Exercise Referral Schemes (ERS) are designed so health professionals can refer certain patients to a supervised programme of physical activity. However, evaluations have questioned the effectiveness of these schemes/programmes. The aim of this study was to systematically review the provision of ERS in England and analyse related promotional material. Methods Content analysis methods were used to analyse scheme websites and promotional material. A coding scheme was used to analyse the data, which included information on the programme’s aims, inclusion criteria, type of activities, accessibility and cost. Results The study identified 625 sites offering ERS across 168 geographic areas. Findings highlighted a lack of clarity in what constitutes a scheme. Over a third of schemes did not explicitly state their aims, but of those that did, the focus was mainly on notions of physical and mental health benefits. Conclusions This study is the first to review the scope and offer of ERS in the UK by examining promotional material and highlights issues around the stated aims of ERS. More clarity on aims is needed in the material that promotes the schemes and most likely within the schemes themselves. Such improvements could make a difference when considering engagement with delivery stakeholders and potential participants.
{"title":"Exercise referral schemes in the UK: mapping provision and aims","authors":"Ben Jane, John Downey","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdae057","url":null,"abstract":"Background Exercise Referral Schemes (ERS) are designed so health professionals can refer certain patients to a supervised programme of physical activity. However, evaluations have questioned the effectiveness of these schemes/programmes. The aim of this study was to systematically review the provision of ERS in England and analyse related promotional material. Methods Content analysis methods were used to analyse scheme websites and promotional material. A coding scheme was used to analyse the data, which included information on the programme’s aims, inclusion criteria, type of activities, accessibility and cost. Results The study identified 625 sites offering ERS across 168 geographic areas. Findings highlighted a lack of clarity in what constitutes a scheme. Over a third of schemes did not explicitly state their aims, but of those that did, the focus was mainly on notions of physical and mental health benefits. Conclusions This study is the first to review the scope and offer of ERS in the UK by examining promotional material and highlights issues around the stated aims of ERS. More clarity on aims is needed in the material that promotes the schemes and most likely within the schemes themselves. Such improvements could make a difference when considering engagement with delivery stakeholders and potential participants.","PeriodicalId":16904,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140832790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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