A circular honeycomb lower limb protection device was proposed to reduce the damage to the occupant’s lower limbs under a vehicle under-belly blast. First, a local equivalent model of the occupant-restraint system was established, and drop impact tests and theory were used to validate the model’s accuracy. Then, under the same mass, the protection performance of eight lower limb protection devices using circular honeycomb, hexagonal honeycomb, reentrant honeycomb, etc., as sandwiches were compared. It was found that the lower limb protection device with a circular honeycomb sandwich provides the best defence for lower limbs. Subsequently, the effect of gradient structure settings and dimensional parameters on the protection performance of circular honeycomb lower limb protection devices was investigated. Finally, multi-objective optimization has been carried out to further improve its protection performance. The results indicated that the protection performance of the lower limb protection device could be effectively improved by reasonably selecting the cell arrangement, gradient type and gradient interval of the honeycomb sandwich. When the optimized lower limb protection device was employed, the occupant's left and right lower tibial peak forces were decreased to 3.67 kN and 3.55 kN, respectively. Compared with the initial design, the optimized lower limb protection device reduced the left and right lower tibial peak forces by 21.1% and 23.8%, respectively, and the total mass decreased by 51.5%.
{"title":"Design and optimization of circular honeycomb lower limb protection device under blast impact","authors":"Lingyun Qin, Shuyi Yang, Guibing Li, Guosheng Wang, Zhewu Chen, Hongzhou Li","doi":"10.1177/10996362231212555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231212555","url":null,"abstract":"A circular honeycomb lower limb protection device was proposed to reduce the damage to the occupant’s lower limbs under a vehicle under-belly blast. First, a local equivalent model of the occupant-restraint system was established, and drop impact tests and theory were used to validate the model’s accuracy. Then, under the same mass, the protection performance of eight lower limb protection devices using circular honeycomb, hexagonal honeycomb, reentrant honeycomb, etc., as sandwiches were compared. It was found that the lower limb protection device with a circular honeycomb sandwich provides the best defence for lower limbs. Subsequently, the effect of gradient structure settings and dimensional parameters on the protection performance of circular honeycomb lower limb protection devices was investigated. Finally, multi-objective optimization has been carried out to further improve its protection performance. The results indicated that the protection performance of the lower limb protection device could be effectively improved by reasonably selecting the cell arrangement, gradient type and gradient interval of the honeycomb sandwich. When the optimized lower limb protection device was employed, the occupant's left and right lower tibial peak forces were decreased to 3.67 kN and 3.55 kN, respectively. Compared with the initial design, the optimized lower limb protection device reduced the left and right lower tibial peak forces by 21.1% and 23.8%, respectively, and the total mass decreased by 51.5%.","PeriodicalId":16977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures and Materials","volume":"320 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135475056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper investigates the method for water ingress detection in an aluminum honeycomb sandwich structure by laser ultrasonics. To clarify the propagation of Scholte waves generated at the solid-liquid interface, the theoretical dispersion curves in the water-aluminum layered structure are calculated by the global matrix method. Using a laser ultrasonic visualizing inspector, the guided wave propagation in the wavefields has been visualized, which shows the mode conversion behaviors occurring in the water ingress area. The clarification of mode conversion is then investigated by the finite element method. The Scholte modes at the solid-fluid interface and the Lamb modes in the face sheet are interconverted because of the change in the waveguide structure. Wavenumber filter reconstruction and the resulting energy maps are applied to illustrate the mode conversion in the wavefields and to detect the water ingress area. Results show that the appearance of the water layer contributes to the mode conversion behaviors during the guided wave propagation in the honeycomb sandwich structure, which offers the potential for water ingress detection based on the mode conversion behaviors.
{"title":"Water ingress detection in an aluminum honeycomb sandwich structure using laser ultrasonics based on mode conversion behaviors","authors":"Zeyu Dong, Weikun Chen, Osamu Saito, Fengming Yu, Yoji Okabe","doi":"10.1177/10996362231212557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231212557","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the method for water ingress detection in an aluminum honeycomb sandwich structure by laser ultrasonics. To clarify the propagation of Scholte waves generated at the solid-liquid interface, the theoretical dispersion curves in the water-aluminum layered structure are calculated by the global matrix method. Using a laser ultrasonic visualizing inspector, the guided wave propagation in the wavefields has been visualized, which shows the mode conversion behaviors occurring in the water ingress area. The clarification of mode conversion is then investigated by the finite element method. The Scholte modes at the solid-fluid interface and the Lamb modes in the face sheet are interconverted because of the change in the waveguide structure. Wavenumber filter reconstruction and the resulting energy maps are applied to illustrate the mode conversion in the wavefields and to detect the water ingress area. Results show that the appearance of the water layer contributes to the mode conversion behaviors during the guided wave propagation in the honeycomb sandwich structure, which offers the potential for water ingress detection based on the mode conversion behaviors.","PeriodicalId":16977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures and Materials","volume":"30 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135876146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The flatwise compression and mechanical response of gradient-tandem Nomex honeycomb sandwich panels were investigated by quasi-static compression tests. Finite element models of the gradient-tandem Nomex honeycomb sandwich panels were established to evaluate the effects of layer sequences, separator materials, and layer heights on the mechanical properties through parametric studies. The different assembly of honeycomb sequence and separator material affected the deformation sequence and peak stress of the sandwich panels. Under quasi-static compression, the response curves are smoother when the appropriate separator material and assembly sequence are chosen. Meanwhile, the peak stresses are effectively reduced. The research results can guide the individualized design of tandem Nomex honeycomb sandwich panels.
{"title":"Flatwise compression behaviour and mechanical properties of gradient-tandem nomex honeycomb sandwich panels","authors":"Jinbo Fan, Penghui Li, Weiqi Guo, Xiuguo Zhao, Chen Su, Xinxi Xu","doi":"10.1177/10996362231212558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231212558","url":null,"abstract":"The flatwise compression and mechanical response of gradient-tandem Nomex honeycomb sandwich panels were investigated by quasi-static compression tests. Finite element models of the gradient-tandem Nomex honeycomb sandwich panels were established to evaluate the effects of layer sequences, separator materials, and layer heights on the mechanical properties through parametric studies. The different assembly of honeycomb sequence and separator material affected the deformation sequence and peak stress of the sandwich panels. Under quasi-static compression, the response curves are smoother when the appropriate separator material and assembly sequence are chosen. Meanwhile, the peak stresses are effectively reduced. The research results can guide the individualized design of tandem Nomex honeycomb sandwich panels.","PeriodicalId":16977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures and Materials","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135327088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.1177/10996362231210961
Adrian Dumitrescu, Scott J. I. Walker, Federico Romei, Atul Bhaskar
The integration of inserts into sandwich panel constructions is a complex multi-step process with significant human intervention that also limits the geometrical freedom of the insert design. In a standard sandwich construction, the panel core is made up of multiple materials across its main components: insert, potting and core. This multi-material assembly is not only difficult to manufacture, but it also promotes stress jumps at the insert-core interface, leading to a sub-optimal load distribution from the bolt to the panel core. Additive manufacturing (AM) can lead to a single-part core and insert assembly with more optimised insert geometries that can better transmit the loads applied to the panel. Previous work by the authors has explored the manufacturing limits and the failure modes of AM inserts integrated in cores printed out of sintered AlSi10Mg. The conclusions were that the core walls and insert elements should have a minimum design thickness of 0.5 mm to survive the tapping process without facesheets attached and it was found that the main failure mode of the geometries tested in pull-out was buckling of the insert walls. Based on these results, the paper proposes a novel insert design philosophy that can delay the buckling of 3D printed inserts and move the failure point of the insert away from the bolt. A set of inserts that follow this design direction is manufactured and tested under normal pull-out loads and the optimised designs outperform standard printed insert geometries by a factor of three. The design philosophy can be further developed to offer a suitable alternative to the current insert standard.
{"title":"Design and structural testing of 3D printed honeycomb cores with optimised integrated blended inserts","authors":"Adrian Dumitrescu, Scott J. I. Walker, Federico Romei, Atul Bhaskar","doi":"10.1177/10996362231210961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231210961","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of inserts into sandwich panel constructions is a complex multi-step process with significant human intervention that also limits the geometrical freedom of the insert design. In a standard sandwich construction, the panel core is made up of multiple materials across its main components: insert, potting and core. This multi-material assembly is not only difficult to manufacture, but it also promotes stress jumps at the insert-core interface, leading to a sub-optimal load distribution from the bolt to the panel core. Additive manufacturing (AM) can lead to a single-part core and insert assembly with more optimised insert geometries that can better transmit the loads applied to the panel. Previous work by the authors has explored the manufacturing limits and the failure modes of AM inserts integrated in cores printed out of sintered AlSi10Mg. The conclusions were that the core walls and insert elements should have a minimum design thickness of 0.5 mm to survive the tapping process without facesheets attached and it was found that the main failure mode of the geometries tested in pull-out was buckling of the insert walls. Based on these results, the paper proposes a novel insert design philosophy that can delay the buckling of 3D printed inserts and move the failure point of the insert away from the bolt. A set of inserts that follow this design direction is manufactured and tested under normal pull-out loads and the optimised designs outperform standard printed insert geometries by a factor of three. The design philosophy can be further developed to offer a suitable alternative to the current insert standard.","PeriodicalId":16977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures and Materials","volume":"154 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136104136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-28DOI: 10.1177/10996362231210945
Mingze Ma, Piao Li, Ti Ye, Daiyang Gao
The failure behavior and load-carrying capacity of Nomex honeycomb sandwich panels under three-point bending are experimentally and numerically studied. The failure modes observed in experiments are core shear failure and face-sheet/core debonding. A detailed model considering Nomex paper and resin coating is built with Abaqus/explicit simulation. The Hill 1948 quadratic anisotropic yield criteria are adopted to describe the plastic behavior of Nomex paper and the principal stress criteria are used for predicting the failure of resin coating. The effectiveness of the proposed meso-scale model is validated by comparing the experimental and the numerical results. The effects of geometric parameters on the bending behaviors are discussed in detail. It is shown that the ultimate force and bending stiffness of Nomex honeycomb sandwich panels is significantly influenced by the core orientation, resin thickness and cell size. The cutting position has no effect on the ultimate force and bending stiffness.
{"title":"Study on the failure behavior of Nomex honeycomb sandwich panels under three-point bending load: Experiments and meso-scale simulation","authors":"Mingze Ma, Piao Li, Ti Ye, Daiyang Gao","doi":"10.1177/10996362231210945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231210945","url":null,"abstract":"The failure behavior and load-carrying capacity of Nomex honeycomb sandwich panels under three-point bending are experimentally and numerically studied. The failure modes observed in experiments are core shear failure and face-sheet/core debonding. A detailed model considering Nomex paper and resin coating is built with Abaqus/explicit simulation. The Hill 1948 quadratic anisotropic yield criteria are adopted to describe the plastic behavior of Nomex paper and the principal stress criteria are used for predicting the failure of resin coating. The effectiveness of the proposed meso-scale model is validated by comparing the experimental and the numerical results. The effects of geometric parameters on the bending behaviors are discussed in detail. It is shown that the ultimate force and bending stiffness of Nomex honeycomb sandwich panels is significantly influenced by the core orientation, resin thickness and cell size. The cutting position has no effect on the ultimate force and bending stiffness.","PeriodicalId":16977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures and Materials","volume":"7 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136158666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The dynamic compressive responses of a multi–layer sandwich structures with the truss core were studied experimentally and numerically under the underwater explosion shock loading. A three–layer truss-core sandwich specimen was designed and fabricated from the stainless steel. The density gradient between core layers is realized by changing the cross-sectional size of the truss members in the core layer. A water tank explosion testing device was employed to carry out the underwater explosion experiment. The finite element method was used to investigate the influences of the layered strategy of structures and the density gradient between core layers on the dynamic response. The results reveal that the density–decreasing sandwich panels CBA has the optimal underwater explosion resistance, and the explosion resistance increases as the decrease of the density gradient ratio.
{"title":"Dynamic compressive response of gradient truss–core sandwich structure subjected to underwater shock loading","authors":"Lihong Yang, Zexu Zhang, Yalun Dong, Jia Qu, Linzhi Wu","doi":"10.1177/10996362231210957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231210957","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamic compressive responses of a multi–layer sandwich structures with the truss core were studied experimentally and numerically under the underwater explosion shock loading. A three–layer truss-core sandwich specimen was designed and fabricated from the stainless steel. The density gradient between core layers is realized by changing the cross-sectional size of the truss members in the core layer. A water tank explosion testing device was employed to carry out the underwater explosion experiment. The finite element method was used to investigate the influences of the layered strategy of structures and the density gradient between core layers on the dynamic response. The results reveal that the density–decreasing sandwich panels CBA has the optimal underwater explosion resistance, and the explosion resistance increases as the decrease of the density gradient ratio.","PeriodicalId":16977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures and Materials","volume":" 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136158674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.1177/10996362231209034
Artur Wirowski, Izabela Kowalczyk
The subject of this work is the optimization of a topology for sandwich plates with an internal arborescent microstructure. Here, we propose a parametric approach to the optimization using visual programming methods in the Dynamo Sandbox environment. An internal structure of the sandwich plate was optimized in terms of minimizing the weight of the entire structure in relation to the compressive strength. Several variable parameters in the optimization process were applied: lengths of individual tree levels, their cross-sections and locations of nodes. To validate obtained results of the optimization process, a 3D model of the plate was printed and tested on compressive strength. The results were also analysed and compared with other authors’ research.
{"title":"Optimization on compressive strength of sandwich plates with internal arborescent microstructure","authors":"Artur Wirowski, Izabela Kowalczyk","doi":"10.1177/10996362231209034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231209034","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of this work is the optimization of a topology for sandwich plates with an internal arborescent microstructure. Here, we propose a parametric approach to the optimization using visual programming methods in the Dynamo Sandbox environment. An internal structure of the sandwich plate was optimized in terms of minimizing the weight of the entire structure in relation to the compressive strength. Several variable parameters in the optimization process were applied: lengths of individual tree levels, their cross-sections and locations of nodes. To validate obtained results of the optimization process, a 3D model of the plate was printed and tested on compressive strength. The results were also analysed and compared with other authors’ research.","PeriodicalId":16977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures and Materials","volume":"2 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135412117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The uniaxial tensile mechanical properties of PVC foam considering the effects of strain rate ([Formula: see text]) and anisotropy ([Formula: see text]) have been investigated by quasi-static and dynamic (Split Hopkinson Tensile Bar, SHTB) tests. Combined high-speed camera system and Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique, the real-time surface strain field of the specimen during the whole tensile process was obtained. On this basis, the macroscopic response and failure mode of PVC foam were investigated. The failure mechanism of PVC foam under tensile loading was revealed through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images on fracture cross-section of loaded specimen. Finally, based on experimental data, a prediction equation on tensile strength of PVC foam considering the effects of strain rate and loading angle (anisotropy) is proposed. Furthermore, a nonlinear constitutive model is developed to describe the uniaxial tensile mechanical properties of PVC foam.
{"title":"Tensile properties of transversely isotropic closed-cell PVC foam under quasi-static and dynamic loadings","authors":"Yu Tang, Yue Li, Xiongwen Jiang, Jiuzhou Zhao, Geng Zhao, Wenbo Xie, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1177/10996362231209013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231209013","url":null,"abstract":"The uniaxial tensile mechanical properties of PVC foam considering the effects of strain rate ([Formula: see text]) and anisotropy ([Formula: see text]) have been investigated by quasi-static and dynamic (Split Hopkinson Tensile Bar, SHTB) tests. Combined high-speed camera system and Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique, the real-time surface strain field of the specimen during the whole tensile process was obtained. On this basis, the macroscopic response and failure mode of PVC foam were investigated. The failure mechanism of PVC foam under tensile loading was revealed through Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images on fracture cross-section of loaded specimen. Finally, based on experimental data, a prediction equation on tensile strength of PVC foam considering the effects of strain rate and loading angle (anisotropy) is proposed. Furthermore, a nonlinear constitutive model is developed to describe the uniaxial tensile mechanical properties of PVC foam.","PeriodicalId":16977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures and Materials","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135567960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1177/10996362231209237
Alejandro Eduardo Albanesi, Nahuel José Volpe, Federico Langhi, Víctor Daniel Fachinotti
This study introduces a simulation-based optimization approach that combines a multi-objective genetic algorithm and the finite element method to design sandwich structures to reinforce composite fuselages. The sandwich structure has been parametrized with a set of mixed integer-continuous variables representing the polymer core thickness, the number and weight of laminated fiberglass layers, and size and position of the structure. Automatic scripting builds the geometry of the structure, then mounts it in the fuselage, and finally creates a conformal mesh. During the optimization, each reinforced fuselage is subjected to several load cases specified by the CS-22 EASA design standard, determining the worst load condition. Two objectives were considered: increasing the reinforced fuselage’s minimum fiber stress safety factor for improved safety and reducing the number of layers of the sandwich structure to minimize manufacturing costs. Structural constraints were the mass of the sandwich structure and buckling and flexo-torsional deformation of the reinforced fuselage. Results show an efficient material arrangement due to the reduced number of layers in the sandwich structure and a stress safety factor surpassing that set by the standard. Finally, the reinforcement of a glider fuselage to incorporate a retractable electric propulsion system is presented as a real-world industrial application.
{"title":"Multi-objective optimization of sandwich structures for reinforcing composite fuselages","authors":"Alejandro Eduardo Albanesi, Nahuel José Volpe, Federico Langhi, Víctor Daniel Fachinotti","doi":"10.1177/10996362231209237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231209237","url":null,"abstract":"This study introduces a simulation-based optimization approach that combines a multi-objective genetic algorithm and the finite element method to design sandwich structures to reinforce composite fuselages. The sandwich structure has been parametrized with a set of mixed integer-continuous variables representing the polymer core thickness, the number and weight of laminated fiberglass layers, and size and position of the structure. Automatic scripting builds the geometry of the structure, then mounts it in the fuselage, and finally creates a conformal mesh. During the optimization, each reinforced fuselage is subjected to several load cases specified by the CS-22 EASA design standard, determining the worst load condition. Two objectives were considered: increasing the reinforced fuselage’s minimum fiber stress safety factor for improved safety and reducing the number of layers of the sandwich structure to minimize manufacturing costs. Structural constraints were the mass of the sandwich structure and buckling and flexo-torsional deformation of the reinforced fuselage. Results show an efficient material arrangement due to the reduced number of layers in the sandwich structure and a stress safety factor surpassing that set by the standard. Finally, the reinforcement of a glider fuselage to incorporate a retractable electric propulsion system is presented as a real-world industrial application.","PeriodicalId":16977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures and Materials","volume":"49 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135778666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.1177/10996362231207875
He Zhang, Yu-kun Liu, Xiao-hong Wang, Tao Zeng, Zhi-xin Lu, Guo-dong Xu
The present study investigates the global buckling behavior of sandwich beams with graded lattice cores. The continuous equivalent theory is utilized to construct a discrete graded lattice core sandwich beam for a continuously varying gradient beam, whose material properties vary with position. A theoretical model of sandwich beams with graded lattice cores is established using the energy method. Finite element models are developed in ABAQUS to validate the theoretical results. Furthermore, four sets of specimens were manufactured and tested to validate the theoretical analysis methods used. The effects of the graded parameters and geometric parameters on the critical buckling load of sandwich beams with graded lattice cores are discussed. The graded lattice sandwich beams exhibit global buckling when the graded parameter is small, with the influence on buckling performance being minor. However, as the graded parameter increases, the graded lattice sandwich beams experience local buckling, and their buckling resistance weakens. Therefore, graded parameters that are too large and cause local buckling should be avoided in gradient design.
{"title":"Global buckling behavior of a sandwich beam with graded lattice cores","authors":"He Zhang, Yu-kun Liu, Xiao-hong Wang, Tao Zeng, Zhi-xin Lu, Guo-dong Xu","doi":"10.1177/10996362231207875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10996362231207875","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigates the global buckling behavior of sandwich beams with graded lattice cores. The continuous equivalent theory is utilized to construct a discrete graded lattice core sandwich beam for a continuously varying gradient beam, whose material properties vary with position. A theoretical model of sandwich beams with graded lattice cores is established using the energy method. Finite element models are developed in ABAQUS to validate the theoretical results. Furthermore, four sets of specimens were manufactured and tested to validate the theoretical analysis methods used. The effects of the graded parameters and geometric parameters on the critical buckling load of sandwich beams with graded lattice cores are discussed. The graded lattice sandwich beams exhibit global buckling when the graded parameter is small, with the influence on buckling performance being minor. However, as the graded parameter increases, the graded lattice sandwich beams experience local buckling, and their buckling resistance weakens. Therefore, graded parameters that are too large and cause local buckling should be avoided in gradient design.","PeriodicalId":16977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sandwich Structures and Materials","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135825150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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