Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch005
Noureddine Ramdani, M. S. Razali
The replacement of heavy metallic structures by high-performance lightweight composite materials is a prominent solution to fulfill the continuous demand in different industrial sectors. Lightweight structures based on aluminum-glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) sandwich panels have been increasingly utilized in the shipbuilding, automotive, and aerospace industries for their striking mechanical and physical properties. These advantageous properties have resulted from the combination of the high tensile and flexural strengths, increased hardness, and the improved wear-resistance of aluminum laminate with the unique properties of lightweight stiffness and high strength weight ratio of glass fiber-reinforced. In this chapter, the various processing approaches, properties, and applications of these sandwich structures are summarized from a wide range of literature.
{"title":"Processing, Properties, and Uses of Lightweight Glass Fiber/Aluminum Hybrid Structures","authors":"Noureddine Ramdani, M. S. Razali","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch005","url":null,"abstract":"The replacement of heavy metallic structures by high-performance lightweight composite materials is a prominent solution to fulfill the continuous demand in different industrial sectors. Lightweight structures based on aluminum-glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) sandwich panels have been increasingly utilized in the shipbuilding, automotive, and aerospace industries for their striking mechanical and physical properties. These advantageous properties have resulted from the combination of the high tensile and flexural strengths, increased hardness, and the improved wear-resistance of aluminum laminate with the unique properties of lightweight stiffness and high strength weight ratio of glass fiber-reinforced. In this chapter, the various processing approaches, properties, and applications of these sandwich structures are summarized from a wide range of literature.","PeriodicalId":170776,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Advancements in the Processing, Characterization, and Application of Lightweight Materials","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124384001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch011
R. G. Narayanan, P. J. Ramulu, Satheeshkumar V., A. K. Agrawal, Sumitesh Das, A. P., V. Namboodiri
Tailor-made metallic structures are fabricated by welding, adhesive bonding, and mechanical joining methods. Here the aim is not only to fabricate lightweight structures, but also to develop novel methods of joining. Lightweight structures are advantageous in several ways including reduction of fuel consumption and vehicle emissions. Developing novel methods of joining is advantageous due to the possibility of joining of dissimilar materials, improved mechanical performance, and microstructures. In the chapter, initially, tailor-welded blanks (TWB) are introduced, and after that, fabrication of TWBs by laser welding, friction stir welding, and friction stir additive manufacturing are elaborately discussed. Some critical issues in modeling the deformation during fabrication of TWBs is also discussed. A brief account of mechanical behavior of adhesive bonded sheets and mechanical joining are presented in the later part.
{"title":"Fabrication of Tailor-Made Metallic Structures for Lightweight Applications and Mechanical Behaviour","authors":"R. G. Narayanan, P. J. Ramulu, Satheeshkumar V., A. K. Agrawal, Sumitesh Das, A. P., V. Namboodiri","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch011","url":null,"abstract":"Tailor-made metallic structures are fabricated by welding, adhesive bonding, and mechanical joining methods. Here the aim is not only to fabricate lightweight structures, but also to develop novel methods of joining. Lightweight structures are advantageous in several ways including reduction of fuel consumption and vehicle emissions. Developing novel methods of joining is advantageous due to the possibility of joining of dissimilar materials, improved mechanical performance, and microstructures. In the chapter, initially, tailor-welded blanks (TWB) are introduced, and after that, fabrication of TWBs by laser welding, friction stir welding, and friction stir additive manufacturing are elaborately discussed. Some critical issues in modeling the deformation during fabrication of TWBs is also discussed. A brief account of mechanical behavior of adhesive bonded sheets and mechanical joining are presented in the later part.","PeriodicalId":170776,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Advancements in the Processing, Characterization, and Application of Lightweight Materials","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125992129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch012
V. Raja, B. S, R. Gnanasekaran, Naveen Kumar Kulandaiyappan, Jagadeeshwaran Ponmariappan, Arul Prakash Raji, Senthilkumar Madasamy
Load withstanding characteristics are one of the major considerations involved in structural engineering because the lifetime factor is directly proportional to load withstanding behavior. Thus, this work computationally analyzes the load withstanding behavior of various sandwich lightweight composite materials under the given flexural load. In this work, four major materials are imposed under flexural loads for two different cum prime core structures such as hexagonal cross-section and twisted cum integrated pentagonal cross-section. The major materials implemented for this comparative investigation are Aluminium Alloy, CFRP, GFRP, and KFRP. All the computational composite models are constructed through the advanced computational tool (i.e., ANSYS Workbench). Finally, the best structures with respect to their lightweight materials are shortlisted to withstand a high amount of flexural loads. According to this comprehensive study, the CFRP-based honeycomb sandwich composite performed better than all other lightweight materials.
{"title":"Structural Optimizations of Different Load-Carrying Members Based on Low Structural Performance Through Computational Structural Analysis","authors":"V. Raja, B. S, R. Gnanasekaran, Naveen Kumar Kulandaiyappan, Jagadeeshwaran Ponmariappan, Arul Prakash Raji, Senthilkumar Madasamy","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch012","url":null,"abstract":"Load withstanding characteristics are one of the major considerations involved in structural engineering because the lifetime factor is directly proportional to load withstanding behavior. Thus, this work computationally analyzes the load withstanding behavior of various sandwich lightweight composite materials under the given flexural load. In this work, four major materials are imposed under flexural loads for two different cum prime core structures such as hexagonal cross-section and twisted cum integrated pentagonal cross-section. The major materials implemented for this comparative investigation are Aluminium Alloy, CFRP, GFRP, and KFRP. All the computational composite models are constructed through the advanced computational tool (i.e., ANSYS Workbench). Finally, the best structures with respect to their lightweight materials are shortlisted to withstand a high amount of flexural loads. According to this comprehensive study, the CFRP-based honeycomb sandwich composite performed better than all other lightweight materials.","PeriodicalId":170776,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Advancements in the Processing, Characterization, and Application of Lightweight Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127061646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch007
Nuray Beköz Üllen, Gizem Karabulut
Lightweight materials were needed in many different areas, especially in order to reduce the required energy in areas such as automotive and aerospace industries. Metallic foams attract attention in lightweight material applications due to their unique properties. The pores in its structure provide advantages in many applications, both structural and functional by promising both ultra-lightweight construction, energy absorption, and damping insulation. Production techniques of metallic foams can generally be classified as liquid, solid, gas, and ionic state production according to the physical state of the metal at the beginning of the process. The production technique should be chosen according to the usage area and desired properties of the metallic foam and the suitability in terms of cost and sustainability of production. For this reason, the details of the production techniques should be known and the products that can be obtained and their properties should be understood. In this respect, this chapter emphasizes the production methods from past to present.
{"title":"Production Techniques of Metallic Foams in Lightweight Materials","authors":"Nuray Beköz Üllen, Gizem Karabulut","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch007","url":null,"abstract":"Lightweight materials were needed in many different areas, especially in order to reduce the required energy in areas such as automotive and aerospace industries. Metallic foams attract attention in lightweight material applications due to their unique properties. The pores in its structure provide advantages in many applications, both structural and functional by promising both ultra-lightweight construction, energy absorption, and damping insulation. Production techniques of metallic foams can generally be classified as liquid, solid, gas, and ionic state production according to the physical state of the metal at the beginning of the process. The production technique should be chosen according to the usage area and desired properties of the metallic foam and the suitability in terms of cost and sustainability of production. For this reason, the details of the production techniques should be known and the products that can be obtained and their properties should be understood. In this respect, this chapter emphasizes the production methods from past to present.","PeriodicalId":170776,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Advancements in the Processing, Characterization, and Application of Lightweight Materials","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131225659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch004
K. Sharma
In this chapter, low weight barium-based cholorsilicate Ba5Cl6Si2O6:Eu2+ is prepared through a solid-state reaction. To confirm the structure of the synthesized phosphors, powder photographs were obtained using an x-ray diffractometer. Photoluminescence spectra and FTIR spectra were recorded. Photoluminescence spectra are studied. The emission peak is observed at 407 nm at excitation 275 nm. The intense violet-blue emission is obtained. The broad excitation band and strong emission indicate that Ba5Cl6Si2O6:Eu2+could be a good phosphor candidate for blue LED and white LEDs. Decay curve indicates the phosphor has a long afterglow feature.
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Lightweight Beryllium Chloro Silicate Phosphor","authors":"K. Sharma","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch004","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, low weight barium-based cholorsilicate Ba5Cl6Si2O6:Eu2+ is prepared through a solid-state reaction. To confirm the structure of the synthesized phosphors, powder photographs were obtained using an x-ray diffractometer. Photoluminescence spectra and FTIR spectra were recorded. Photoluminescence spectra are studied. The emission peak is observed at 407 nm at excitation 275 nm. The intense violet-blue emission is obtained. The broad excitation band and strong emission indicate that Ba5Cl6Si2O6:Eu2+could be a good phosphor candidate for blue LED and white LEDs. Decay curve indicates the phosphor has a long afterglow feature.","PeriodicalId":170776,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Advancements in the Processing, Characterization, and Application of Lightweight Materials","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114752328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch015
S. Çelik, Nuray Bekoz Ullen, S. Akyuz, Gizem Karabulut, Aysen E. Ozel
Lightweight materials such as metallic foams possess good mechanical, chemical, and physical properties, which make them suitable for a wide range of functional and structural applications. Metal foams have recently gained substantial interest in both industry and academia due to their low cost, thermal conductivity, high working temperature, vibration damping, specific mechanical properties, energy absorption, and heat resistance. The use of metal foams on a large scale and successful applications depend on a detailed understanding of their characteristic properties. Metallic foams are characterized by the morphology of the porous cells (size and shape, open or closed, macro and micro), pore topology, relative density, properties of the pore wall, and the degree of anisotropy. This contribution focuses on x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and Raman spectroscopic applications used for the characterization of metal foam, and also a brief of the most important applications, including a significant number of examples given.
{"title":"Characterization and Spectroscopic Applications of Metal Foams From New Lightweight Materials","authors":"S. Çelik, Nuray Bekoz Ullen, S. Akyuz, Gizem Karabulut, Aysen E. Ozel","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-7864-3.ch015","url":null,"abstract":"Lightweight materials such as metallic foams possess good mechanical, chemical, and physical properties, which make them suitable for a wide range of functional and structural applications. Metal foams have recently gained substantial interest in both industry and academia due to their low cost, thermal conductivity, high working temperature, vibration damping, specific mechanical properties, energy absorption, and heat resistance. The use of metal foams on a large scale and successful applications depend on a detailed understanding of their characteristic properties. Metallic foams are characterized by the morphology of the porous cells (size and shape, open or closed, macro and micro), pore topology, relative density, properties of the pore wall, and the degree of anisotropy. This contribution focuses on x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and Raman spectroscopic applications used for the characterization of metal foam, and also a brief of the most important applications, including a significant number of examples given.","PeriodicalId":170776,"journal":{"name":"Handbook of Research on Advancements in the Processing, Characterization, and Application of Lightweight Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126797318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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