Pub Date : 2023-05-07DOI: 10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.005
Rugi Vicente C. Rubi, Daniel C. Cabiles, Raven Auriesh C. Reyes, Reine Yvonne V. Abiog, Maureen Ann Domingo, Albert D. C. Evangelista, Francis Dominic H. Lavilles
Conducting laboratory experiments in educational institutions has been linked with the increased amount of chemical waste disposed in the environment. The excessive usage and disposal of Dichloromethane (DCM) has been attributed to financial and environmental concerns. This present study aimed to treat the DCM containing laboratory wastewater using Photoelectric Fenton(PEF) process. The PEF treatment was done at varying ultraviolet (UV) light intensity (3, 6 and 9 Watts), sacrificial anode (Al, Cu and TiO2), and oxidizing agent (OA) loading ratio (1.13, 3.76, and 6.39 w/w) under 30oC and 1 atm. Results have shown that the highest degradation (99.82%) of DCM was obtained at 9 Watts of UV light intensity, 3.76 w/w [H2O2]: [Fe2+] OA loading ratio, and with TiO2coated with IrO2 and RuO2as the anode. It was detected that higher UV light intensity favors the degradation efficiency when using the TiO2coated with IrO2and RuO2 anode. On the other hand, higher OA loading ratios proved to negatively affect the process as high concentrations of H2O2become ineffectual for the degradation of organics. Finally, analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed the positive correlation between degradation efficiency and UVA light intensity. This confirmed the applicability of the PEF process in degrading of recalcitrant pollutants in wastewater, thus showing potential for mitigating its environmental impact as an eco-friendly and cost-effective approach of wastewater treatment.
{"title":"Degradation of Dichloromethane Containing Laboratory Wastewater Using Photoelectric Fenton Process","authors":"Rugi Vicente C. Rubi, Daniel C. Cabiles, Raven Auriesh C. Reyes, Reine Yvonne V. Abiog, Maureen Ann Domingo, Albert D. C. Evangelista, Francis Dominic H. Lavilles","doi":"10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"Conducting laboratory experiments in educational institutions has been linked with the increased amount of chemical waste disposed in the environment. The excessive usage and disposal of Dichloromethane (DCM) has been attributed to financial and environmental concerns. This present study aimed to treat the DCM containing laboratory wastewater using Photoelectric Fenton(PEF) process. The PEF treatment was done at varying ultraviolet (UV) light intensity (3, 6 and 9 Watts), sacrificial anode (Al, Cu and TiO2), and oxidizing agent (OA) loading ratio (1.13, 3.76, and 6.39 w/w) under 30oC and 1 atm. Results have shown that the highest degradation (99.82%) of DCM was obtained at 9 Watts of UV light intensity, 3.76 w/w [H2O2]: [Fe2+] OA loading ratio, and with TiO2coated with IrO2 and RuO2as the anode. It was detected that higher UV light intensity favors the degradation efficiency when using the TiO2coated with IrO2and RuO2 anode. On the other hand, higher OA loading ratios proved to negatively affect the process as high concentrations of H2O2become ineffectual for the degradation of organics. Finally, analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed the positive correlation between degradation efficiency and UVA light intensity. This confirmed the applicability of the PEF process in degrading of recalcitrant pollutants in wastewater, thus showing potential for mitigating its environmental impact as an eco-friendly and cost-effective approach of wastewater treatment.","PeriodicalId":17134,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Materials Processing and Management","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78296026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-07DOI: 10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.001
Noor Naoom, E. Yousif, K. Zainulabdeen, Israa S. Salman, Husnun Amalia, Rahimi M. Yusop, Amamer Redwan, Muna S. Bufaroosha
Organotin(IV) compounds have seen a marked increase in industry utilization over the years and exhibited enormous economic benefits as well as environmental costs due to their numerous industrial, medical, and agricultural uses and other applications. The present review is a continuation of aseries of reviews on the use of organotin(IV), chemicals, synthesis, characteristics and geometry as well as the industrial and biological applications.
{"title":"Synthesis and Applications of Organotin(IV) Compounds: Mini Review","authors":"Noor Naoom, E. Yousif, K. Zainulabdeen, Israa S. Salman, Husnun Amalia, Rahimi M. Yusop, Amamer Redwan, Muna S. Bufaroosha","doi":"10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"Organotin(IV) compounds have seen a marked increase in industry utilization over the years and exhibited enormous economic benefits as well as environmental costs due to their numerous industrial, medical, and agricultural uses and other applications. The present review is a continuation of aseries of reviews on the use of organotin(IV), chemicals, synthesis, characteristics and geometry as well as the industrial and biological applications.","PeriodicalId":17134,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Materials Processing and Management","volume":"241 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83489566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-07DOI: 10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.003
H. Darweesh
Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) are usually partially substituted at the expense of Portland cement (OPC) to reduce, as possible, the CO2emission. There has been limited studies involved the use of Oyster shell (OS) to replace OPC. The current study investigated the properties of a ternary base batch containing Oyster shell powder (OSP).The ternary cement batch was consisting of OPC, granulated blast furnace slag (GbfS) and metakaolin (MK). The results indicated that the water consistency and setting times (initial and final) are gradually increased. The water absorption and total porosity are decreased, while the bulk density and combined water content increased. This behaviour continued up till 16 % OSP content, but then reverse was obtained with any further increase of OSP content. The same trend was achieved with the compressive strength. The addition of OSP often formed mono-and/or hemicarbonate instead of monosulfate because it is mainly composed of carbonates, and moreover it is stabilizing the formation of trisulphate or ettringite in the hydrated samples. The decrease is not the decrease of free lime contents proved that the OSP is a pozzolanic material. This was confirmed by FT-IR spectra. From the results it could be concluded that the optimum content of OSP was at most 16 %.
{"title":"Utilization of Oyster Shell Powder for Hydration and Mechanical Properties Improvement of Portland Cement Pastes","authors":"H. Darweesh","doi":"10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) are usually partially substituted at the expense of Portland cement (OPC) to reduce, as possible, the CO2emission. There has been limited studies involved the use of Oyster shell (OS) to replace OPC. The current study investigated the properties of a ternary base batch containing Oyster shell powder (OSP).The ternary cement batch was consisting of OPC, granulated blast furnace slag (GbfS) and metakaolin (MK). The results indicated that the water consistency and setting times (initial and final) are gradually increased. The water absorption and total porosity are decreased, while the bulk density and combined water content increased. This behaviour continued up till 16 % OSP content, but then reverse was obtained with any further increase of OSP content. The same trend was achieved with the compressive strength. The addition of OSP often formed mono-and/or hemicarbonate instead of monosulfate because it is mainly composed of carbonates, and moreover it is stabilizing the formation of trisulphate or ettringite in the hydrated samples. The decrease is not the decrease of free lime contents proved that the OSP is a pozzolanic material. This was confirmed by FT-IR spectra. From the results it could be concluded that the optimum content of OSP was at most 16 %.","PeriodicalId":17134,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Materials Processing and Management","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84440015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-07DOI: 10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.006
Rupeshkumar V. Ramani, Anjana D. Saparia, Nirav P. Maniar, Jaysukh H. Markna
This study investigates the thermal performance of a solar evacuated tube collector (SETC) using nanoparticles suspended liquid (NSL) as the heat transfer fluid (HTF). The NSL is composed of water with different concentration of TiO2, CuO, Cr2O3, TiO2+CuO+ Cr2O3NSL withaverage size of ~25 nm. The experimental results show that the use of NSL increase the thermal performance of the SETC to be about 2% higher than that of the SETC without NSL. The enhancement in the thermal performance is mainly attributed to the higher thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity of the NSL. In addition, the effects of NSL concentration, flow rate and temperature on the thermal performance of the SETC with NSL were also studied. It was observed that the thermal performance of the SETC with NSL increases with increasing NSL concentration and flow rate but decreases with rise in the temperature. The results of this study can be used to optimize the design of solar evacuated tube collectors using NSL as the HTF for better thermal performance.
{"title":"Experimental Investigation On Nanoparticles Suspended Liquid (NSL) As The Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF) For Solar Evacuated Tube Collector","authors":"Rupeshkumar V. Ramani, Anjana D. Saparia, Nirav P. Maniar, Jaysukh H. Markna","doi":"10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the thermal performance of a solar evacuated tube collector (SETC) using nanoparticles suspended liquid (NSL) as the heat transfer fluid (HTF). The NSL is composed of water with different concentration of TiO2, CuO, Cr2O3, TiO2+CuO+ Cr2O3NSL withaverage size of ~25 nm. The experimental results show that the use of NSL increase the thermal performance of the SETC to be about 2% higher than that of the SETC without NSL. The enhancement in the thermal performance is mainly attributed to the higher thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity of the NSL. In addition, the effects of NSL concentration, flow rate and temperature on the thermal performance of the SETC with NSL were also studied. It was observed that the thermal performance of the SETC with NSL increases with increasing NSL concentration and flow rate but decreases with rise in the temperature. The results of this study can be used to optimize the design of solar evacuated tube collectors using NSL as the HTF for better thermal performance.","PeriodicalId":17134,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Materials Processing and Management","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77099880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-07DOI: 10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.007
Z. Al-Timimi, Zeina J. Tammemi
The main methods for preventing fires are physical, chemical, or a combination of the two. One of the main thermophysical characteristics that connect the chemical structure is thermal diffusivity. The relationship between heat transport as well as heat resistance has been thoroughly established in the literature. Heat transmission can also be connected to various fire-retardant characteristics, like maximal heat release or time to ignite, which rank among the most crucial factors in defining the potential fire danger of a specific material. The thermal stability, as well as fire-retardant qualities of polymers, are enhanced by metal oxides. In the present investigation, simulations of molecular dynamics constructed using the single atom approach was used to examine the consequence of Al2O3nanoparticles on thermal transfer of isotactic polymethyl methacrylate. Capacity, density, and thermal transfer were studied in the 300-700 K range to examine the heat transfer rate of poly (methyl methacrylate) besides poly (methyl methacrylate)/Al2O3nanocomposite. It is possible to calculate heat capacity using fluctuating characteristics. Conductivity was calculated through a non-equilibrium modeling simulation using Fourier's law. The thermal diffusivity of the poly (methyl methacrylate) with the thermal conductivity is increased by over ten times by the alumina nanoparticles, which also enhances the Tg by around 10 K The results show that the Al2O3nanoparticles increase a transition temperature of glass; conductivity, in addition diffusivity of the poly (methyl methacrylate) while decreasing the heat capacity.
{"title":"Analyzing the Heat Transfer Rate of Nanostructures of Poly (Methyl Methacrylate) / Al2O3 Utilizing Molecular Dynamics Simulations","authors":"Z. Al-Timimi, Zeina J. Tammemi","doi":"10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"The main methods for preventing fires are physical, chemical, or a combination of the two. One of the main thermophysical characteristics that connect the chemical structure is thermal diffusivity. The relationship between heat transport as well as heat resistance has been thoroughly established in the literature. Heat transmission can also be connected to various fire-retardant characteristics, like maximal heat release or time to ignite, which rank among the most crucial factors in defining the potential fire danger of a specific material. The thermal stability, as well as fire-retardant qualities of polymers, are enhanced by metal oxides. In the present investigation, simulations of molecular dynamics constructed using the single atom approach was used to examine the consequence of Al2O3nanoparticles on thermal transfer of isotactic polymethyl methacrylate. Capacity, density, and thermal transfer were studied in the 300-700 K range to examine the heat transfer rate of poly (methyl methacrylate) besides poly (methyl methacrylate)/Al2O3nanocomposite. It is possible to calculate heat capacity using fluctuating characteristics. Conductivity was calculated through a non-equilibrium modeling simulation using Fourier's law. The thermal diffusivity of the poly (methyl methacrylate) with the thermal conductivity is increased by over ten times by the alumina nanoparticles, which also enhances the Tg by around 10 K The results show that the Al2O3nanoparticles increase a transition temperature of glass; conductivity, in addition diffusivity of the poly (methyl methacrylate) while decreasing the heat capacity.","PeriodicalId":17134,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Materials Processing and Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89047325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-07DOI: 10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.004
Kiran Zahra, M. S. Habib, M. Athar
Textile waste materials are increasing day by day with the depletion of water. This increasing concentration of ions, functional groups, and ammonia present in the water as a byproduct from the industries produce toxicity. This affects the human and aquatic life. The sustainability of the materials to rule out this toxicity can be done by Reduced Graphene Oxide synthesized by modified Hummer’s method. The composite of V-doped TiO2 and RGOwas synthesized by hydrothermal method and V-doped TiO2/RGOand perfluorocarbon synthesized by sonication. Methylene blue was used as an indicator to improve the pH of the wastewater under sunlight. The product was characterized by the powder X-ray Diffraction method. It has confirmed the synthesis of the product. The ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy was employed to study the absorbance decreases with time which is the confirmation of degradation of methylene blue with time and it was clearly observed that photocatalytic activity of the product for the degradation of methylene blue which is an organic dye and hazardous to the environment. The findings obtained can be utilize for the industrial waste-water treatment with metallic ions.
{"title":"Boosting Photocatalytic Activity Using Vanadium Doped Titanium Oxide with Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO)/Semiconductor Nanocomposites","authors":"Kiran Zahra, M. S. Habib, M. Athar","doi":"10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"Textile waste materials are increasing day by day with the depletion of water. This increasing concentration of ions, functional groups, and ammonia present in the water as a byproduct from the industries produce toxicity. This affects the human and aquatic life. The sustainability of the materials to rule out this toxicity can be done by Reduced Graphene Oxide synthesized by modified Hummer’s method. The composite of V-doped TiO2 and RGOwas synthesized by hydrothermal method and V-doped TiO2/RGOand perfluorocarbon synthesized by sonication. Methylene blue was used as an indicator to improve the pH of the wastewater under sunlight. The product was characterized by the powder X-ray Diffraction method. It has confirmed the synthesis of the product. The ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy was employed to study the absorbance decreases with time which is the confirmation of degradation of methylene blue with time and it was clearly observed that photocatalytic activity of the product for the degradation of methylene blue which is an organic dye and hazardous to the environment. The findings obtained can be utilize for the industrial waste-water treatment with metallic ions.","PeriodicalId":17134,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Materials Processing and Management","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76220725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-07DOI: 10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.008
G. Kaushik, A. Chel, Govind G. Dhage, R. Siddiqui
Worldwide, rapid urbanization has resulted inextensive construction of infrastructure, focus on new building projects within cities which has contributed towards drastic surge in the generation of construction and demolition (C&D) waste. Lack of proper treatment of this waste results in adverse environmental impacts in the form of air pollution, water pollution, the lack of availability of aggregates, shortage of landfill sites etc. Therefore, there is need for effectively managing C&D waste. Rules exist for sustainably managing solid waste however, major challenge is posed by the inability to effectively plan and properly manage this system while ensuring implementation of the existing rules. This research paper presents options for managing the growing C&D wastes and also recommends mechanisms to ensure that the system is financially sustainable as well. Application of approaches such as WGR (waste generation rate), LCA (lifecycle assessment) and EPR (extended producer responsibility) is suggested.
{"title":"Sustainable Approaches to Managing C&D Waste: A Review","authors":"G. Kaushik, A. Chel, Govind G. Dhage, R. Siddiqui","doi":"10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide, rapid urbanization has resulted inextensive construction of infrastructure, focus on new building projects within cities which has contributed towards drastic surge in the generation of construction and demolition (C&D) waste. Lack of proper treatment of this waste results in adverse environmental impacts in the form of air pollution, water pollution, the lack of availability of aggregates, shortage of landfill sites etc. Therefore, there is need for effectively managing C&D waste. Rules exist for sustainably managing solid waste however, major challenge is posed by the inability to effectively plan and properly manage this system while ensuring implementation of the existing rules. This research paper presents options for managing the growing C&D wastes and also recommends mechanisms to ensure that the system is financially sustainable as well. Application of approaches such as WGR (waste generation rate), LCA (lifecycle assessment) and EPR (extended producer responsibility) is suggested.","PeriodicalId":17134,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Materials Processing and Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84901480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-07DOI: 10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.002
Mufutau A. Salawu, Ibrahim K. Ayinla, Sabastine C. Ezike, Mojeed O. Bello, Usman O. Usman, Abdulmojeed O. Yussuf, Julius A. Gbolahan, Aderemi B. Alabi
The optical and radiation shielding capabilities of Ca-Al2O3polymer-based composites were explored by combining synthesized aluminum oxide (Al2O3) with calcium (Ca) obtained from different shells. The obtained powders were dispersed into polymeric materials in a ratio of 2:1 via the melt-mixing process and then cast in a 10cm x10cm mold with a thickness of 10 mm and allowed to set at ambient temperature. The X-ray transmission through the composite samples was investigated using a well-collimated point source, and a linear attenuation coefficient was estimated. X-ray fluorescence results revealed calcium contents of 32 %, 37 %, and 34 % for snail shells, seashells, and periwinkle shells, respectively. The X-ray diffraction result confirmed the Al2O3polymorphs at approximately 32oand 57oand the aluminum phase at 46o. The X-ray photon transmittance of the composites is quite low at 40 keV to 60 keV and comparatively higher at 100 keV to 200 keV. For Ca-Al2O3polymer-based composites with calcium contents sourced from seashells, periwinkle shells, and snail shells, the maximum linear attenuation coefficients were 1.0 cm-1,0.79 cm-1, and 0.65 cm-1, respectively. The half-value layer (HVL) and relaxation length of all the samples under investigation decreased abruptly at 40 keV and 60 keV and grew linearly as the energy increased from 100 keV to 200 keV. A Ca-Al2O3polymer-based composite with calcium contents sourced from seashells was found to have higher x-ray attenuating characteristics than other composites.
{"title":"Radiation Shielding Properties of Synthetic Ca-Al2O3 Polymer Based Composites","authors":"Mufutau A. Salawu, Ibrahim K. Ayinla, Sabastine C. Ezike, Mojeed O. Bello, Usman O. Usman, Abdulmojeed O. Yussuf, Julius A. Gbolahan, Aderemi B. Alabi","doi":"10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsmpm.2023.03.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"The optical and radiation shielding capabilities of Ca-Al2O3polymer-based composites were explored by combining synthesized aluminum oxide (Al2O3) with calcium (Ca) obtained from different shells. The obtained powders were dispersed into polymeric materials in a ratio of 2:1 via the melt-mixing process and then cast in a 10cm x10cm mold with a thickness of 10 mm and allowed to set at ambient temperature. The X-ray transmission through the composite samples was investigated using a well-collimated point source, and a linear attenuation coefficient was estimated. X-ray fluorescence results revealed calcium contents of 32 %, 37 %, and 34 % for snail shells, seashells, and periwinkle shells, respectively. The X-ray diffraction result confirmed the Al2O3polymorphs at approximately 32oand 57oand the aluminum phase at 46o. The X-ray photon transmittance of the composites is quite low at 40 keV to 60 keV and comparatively higher at 100 keV to 200 keV. For Ca-Al2O3polymer-based composites with calcium contents sourced from seashells, periwinkle shells, and snail shells, the maximum linear attenuation coefficients were 1.0 cm-1,0.79 cm-1, and 0.65 cm-1, respectively. The half-value layer (HVL) and relaxation length of all the samples under investigation decreased abruptly at 40 keV and 60 keV and grew linearly as the energy increased from 100 keV to 200 keV. A Ca-Al2O3polymer-based composite with calcium contents sourced from seashells was found to have higher x-ray attenuating characteristics than other composites.","PeriodicalId":17134,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Materials Processing and Management","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89324759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.30880/jsmpm.2022.02.02.009
Suror A. Mahdi, Ahmed A. M. Ahmed, Emad Yousid, K. Zainulabdeen, D. Ahmed, R. Alsayed, Muna S. Bufaroosha
Many organic and medicinal chemists are interested in the coumarin compounds due to their potential for use in pharmaceuticals and other industries. Coumarin compounds are a significant class of biologically active chemicals. Here, we outline the steps forproducing coumarin derivatives quickly and effectively from commercially accessible substrates via multicomponent condensation processes involving pyrone and benzene derivatives. These substances were examined for their potential anti-tumor effects, including their ability to block carbonic anhydrase, activate the cell apoptosis protein, and coumarin and its derivatives are the primary oral anticoagulants. Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Fusarium solani are three distinct fungus species that are resistant to the antifungal properties of synthetic coumarins. Long known are the coumarins' antibacterial due to its biological activities against some kinds of bacteria such as Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, as well as their antifilarial, antiulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects for its capacity to inhibit their growth activities. Coumarin has long been valued as a major raw element in the fragrance sector due to its distinct sweet aroma and stability. When mixed with organic essential oils like lavender, citrus, rosemary, and oak moss, it is used as an odour-enhancer to produce a long-lasting impact. It has been utilized as a bleaching or brightening agent in detergents when it revealed a remarkable brightening effect with excellent overall stability on fibers of synthetic origin. Materials such as liquid crystalline, organic/inorganic composites, as well as light harvesting, energy transferring compounds, and electro-optics materials are all employed as a dye in organic photo-redox catalysis and as potent photo-sensitizers reagent. These materials polymerize epoxy-silicones, under near-UV and visible light. Coumarin has also found useful as metal-free sensitizers for solar cells.
{"title":"A Research Study in the Synthesis and the Applications of Coumarin Derivatives","authors":"Suror A. Mahdi, Ahmed A. M. Ahmed, Emad Yousid, K. Zainulabdeen, D. Ahmed, R. Alsayed, Muna S. Bufaroosha","doi":"10.30880/jsmpm.2022.02.02.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30880/jsmpm.2022.02.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"Many organic and medicinal chemists are interested in the coumarin compounds due to their potential for use in pharmaceuticals and other industries. Coumarin compounds are a significant class of biologically active chemicals. Here, we outline the steps forproducing coumarin derivatives quickly and effectively from commercially accessible substrates via multicomponent condensation processes involving pyrone and benzene derivatives. These substances were examined for their potential anti-tumor effects, including their ability to block carbonic anhydrase, activate the cell apoptosis protein, and coumarin and its derivatives are the primary oral anticoagulants. Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Fusarium solani are three distinct fungus species that are resistant to the antifungal properties of synthetic coumarins. Long known are the coumarins' antibacterial due to its biological activities against some kinds of bacteria such as Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C, as well as their antifilarial, antiulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects for its capacity to inhibit their growth activities. Coumarin has long been valued as a major raw element in the fragrance sector due to its distinct sweet aroma and stability. When mixed with organic essential oils like lavender, citrus, rosemary, and oak moss, it is used as an odour-enhancer to produce a long-lasting impact. It has been utilized as a bleaching or brightening agent in detergents when it revealed a remarkable brightening effect with excellent overall stability on fibers of synthetic origin. Materials such as liquid crystalline, organic/inorganic composites, as well as light harvesting, energy transferring compounds, and electro-optics materials are all employed as a dye in organic photo-redox catalysis and as potent photo-sensitizers reagent. These materials polymerize epoxy-silicones, under near-UV and visible light. Coumarin has also found useful as metal-free sensitizers for solar cells.","PeriodicalId":17134,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sustainable Materials Processing and Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84861752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.30880/jsmpm.2022.02.02.008
B. Lade, A. Patil
The silver nanoparticles (SNPs) are applied in nanomedicine, health, food safety and other applications. The topical methods are based on chemicals that are toxic in nature, thus to minimize the hazardous effects the natural sources need to be explored forsynthesizing SNPs. The contemporary work reports the greener way of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) fabrication using phytochemical, functional groups and secondary metabolites from Passifloraaqueous leaf extract. The optimized condition for SNPs synthesis was 1 mM AgNO3 95ml + leaf extract 5 ml at alkaline pH 11 yields stable NPs. Various parameters such as temperature, pH, sunlight, dark, different concentration of AgNO3were evaluated. The UV-spectroscopic analysis confirms SNPs synthesis at 420 nm for sunlight based, 428 nm at room temperature and 425 nm for microwave-based conditions. The FTIR determines alkanes, alkyne, amines, aliphatic amine, carboxylic acid; nitro-compound from the leaf extract have been used for reducing silver nitrate for SNPs synthesis. The SEM and TEM analysis confirms the 14.96 nm size SNPs under sun light condition shows antimicrobial activity against E. coliand S. aureouspathogens at 50 ug/ml concentration, which may have applicability to raised SNPs based green sustainable products in treating pathogens.
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