R. Haggag, N. Mostafa, M. Nabil, H. A. Shokralla, N. Sidhom
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic role of mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR) and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) in diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients.Patients and methods: This retrospective study was collected data from 64 de novo DLBCL patients, who received standardized R-CHOP therapy at two oncology centers. CXCR4 and mTOR expressions were assessed by immunohistochemistry.Results: Out of the 64 DLBCL patients, 40 patients were positive for CXCR4 (62.5%) and 35 patients for mTOR (54.7%) expressions. CXCR4 expression was positively correlated with mTOR expression (r = 0.7; p < .001). While mTOR expression was significantly associated with high lactate dehydrogenase level (p = .03) and number of extranodal sites one or more (p =.02), CXCR4 expression was significantly associated with high IPI score (p < .001) and ECOG PS (p = .005). Furthermore, theexpression levels of mTOR and CXCR4 were significantly associated with older ages and poor response to treatment (p = .04, <.001 and .04, .03, respectively). After a median Follow up of 22 months, mean ± SD overall survival (OS) was 65.391 ± 4.705. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients positive for mTOR and CXCR4 expression had shorter DFS (p = .01 & .02) and OS (p = .02 & .04). Multivariate analysis showed that CXCR4 and mTOR positivity is an independent prognostic factor for significantly poorer DFS (p = .03, and .02 respectively) but not for OS (p = .09 and .08 respectively) in the DLBCL pateints.Conclusion: Our results indicate that the expression of CXCR4 and mTOR may be poor prognostic biomarkers in DLBCL.
{"title":"Prognostic significance of CXCR4 and mTOR expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients","authors":"R. Haggag, N. Mostafa, M. Nabil, H. A. Shokralla, N. Sidhom","doi":"10.5430/JST.V9N1P7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V9N1P7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic role of mammalian target of Rapamycin (mTOR) and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) in diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients.Patients and methods: This retrospective study was collected data from 64 de novo DLBCL patients, who received standardized R-CHOP therapy at two oncology centers. CXCR4 and mTOR expressions were assessed by immunohistochemistry.Results: Out of the 64 DLBCL patients, 40 patients were positive for CXCR4 (62.5%) and 35 patients for mTOR (54.7%) expressions. CXCR4 expression was positively correlated with mTOR expression (r = 0.7; p < .001). While mTOR expression was significantly associated with high lactate dehydrogenase level (p = .03) and number of extranodal sites one or more (p =.02), CXCR4 expression was significantly associated with high IPI score (p < .001) and ECOG PS (p = .005). Furthermore, theexpression levels of mTOR and CXCR4 were significantly associated with older ages and poor response to treatment (p = .04, <.001 and .04, .03, respectively). After a median Follow up of 22 months, mean ± SD overall survival (OS) was 65.391 ± 4.705. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that patients positive for mTOR and CXCR4 expression had shorter DFS (p = .01 & .02) and OS (p = .02 & .04). Multivariate analysis showed that CXCR4 and mTOR positivity is an independent prognostic factor for significantly poorer DFS (p = .03, and .02 respectively) but not for OS (p = .09 and .08 respectively) in the DLBCL pateints.Conclusion: Our results indicate that the expression of CXCR4 and mTOR may be poor prognostic biomarkers in DLBCL.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76799708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Montasser, Ihab M.A. Hassanin, Soheir E. Abdelmohsen, M. Zamzam
Background: There are limited data in the literature comparing the efficacy of aromatase inhibitors in postmenopausal hormonal receptor positive early breast cancer patients.Aim of study: To compare the efficacy of letrozole and anastrozole in hormone-receptor positive postmenopausal breast cancer patients.Methods: A retrospective study with a mean follow-up period of 64 months (about 5 years) for 74 files of early invasive postmenopausal breast cancer hormonal receptor positive patients; 39 received letrozole and 35 received anastrozole, considering TTP as primary end point, and OS as second end points.Results: Letrozole is not superior to anastrozole during the first 55 months of treatment (80% PFS at 5th year), and 80% OS benefit at 6th year. Overweight patients had better (90% PFS at 5th year) than obese patients (60% PFS at 5th year).Conclusion: Letrozole is not superior to anastrozole in efficacy in early invasive hormonal receptor positive breast cancer postmenopausal patients during the first 5 years of treatment; however, Letrozole 2nd line after tamoxifen is superior to anastrozole 2nd line after tamoxifen in treating obese patients with early invasive hormone receptor positive breast cancer.
{"title":"Letrozole and anastrozole in early breast cancer postmenopausal patients in oncology department at Suez Canal University Hospital","authors":"M. Montasser, Ihab M.A. Hassanin, Soheir E. Abdelmohsen, M. Zamzam","doi":"10.5430/JST.V9N1P12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V9N1P12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There are limited data in the literature comparing the efficacy of aromatase inhibitors in postmenopausal hormonal receptor positive early breast cancer patients.Aim of study: To compare the efficacy of letrozole and anastrozole in hormone-receptor positive postmenopausal breast cancer patients.Methods: A retrospective study with a mean follow-up period of 64 months (about 5 years) for 74 files of early invasive postmenopausal breast cancer hormonal receptor positive patients; 39 received letrozole and 35 received anastrozole, considering TTP as primary end point, and OS as second end points.Results: Letrozole is not superior to anastrozole during the first 55 months of treatment (80% PFS at 5th year), and 80% OS benefit at 6th year. Overweight patients had better (90% PFS at 5th year) than obese patients (60% PFS at 5th year).Conclusion: Letrozole is not superior to anastrozole in efficacy in early invasive hormonal receptor positive breast cancer postmenopausal patients during the first 5 years of treatment; however, Letrozole 2nd line after tamoxifen is superior to anastrozole 2nd line after tamoxifen in treating obese patients with early invasive hormone receptor positive breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78087238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Actinic keratosis (AK) is a chronic and recurrent disease and in this double-blind, half face, placebo controlled study we attempt to examine the efficacy of a topical treatment containing 2,4,6-octatrienoic acid and anthraquinone knipholone for the prevention of new AK lesion formations. New lesion onset was detected with methyl-5-aminolevulinic acid and Wood’s lamp after 6 months of treatment (T1) and 12 months after treatment end (T2). Absence of new lesion at T1, was 86.11% in active treatment side while 77.78% in placebo side. At T2 the percentage was higher in skin treated with active product (83.33% of subjects) compared to placebo (63.89% of subjects).Taking into consideration the number of new lesions during the study period, at T1 the new AK lesions were not statistically significantly influenced by the treatments, while at T2, AK lesions were detected in 30.55% of placebo-treated area while in the contralateral part the lesions were 13.89%. The reduction induced by active treatment was statistically significant.The product containing 2,4,6-octatrienoicienoic acid and anthraquinone knipholone is effective in reducing new AK lesion formation in subjects with a history of AKs.
{"title":"Actinic keratosis prevention – A double-blind, half-face interventional study with a topical treatment","authors":"E. Sorbellini, B. Marzani, D. Pinto, F. Rinaldi","doi":"10.5430/JST.V9N1P1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V9N1P1","url":null,"abstract":"Actinic keratosis (AK) is a chronic and recurrent disease and in this double-blind, half face, placebo controlled study we attempt to examine the efficacy of a topical treatment containing 2,4,6-octatrienoic acid and anthraquinone knipholone for the prevention of new AK lesion formations. New lesion onset was detected with methyl-5-aminolevulinic acid and Wood’s lamp after 6 months of treatment (T1) and 12 months after treatment end (T2). Absence of new lesion at T1, was 86.11% in active treatment side while 77.78% in placebo side. At T2 the percentage was higher in skin treated with active product (83.33% of subjects) compared to placebo (63.89% of subjects).Taking into consideration the number of new lesions during the study period, at T1 the new AK lesions were not statistically significantly influenced by the treatments, while at T2, AK lesions were detected in 30.55% of placebo-treated area while in the contralateral part the lesions were 13.89%. The reduction induced by active treatment was statistically significant.The product containing 2,4,6-octatrienoicienoic acid and anthraquinone knipholone is effective in reducing new AK lesion formation in subjects with a history of AKs. ","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80493229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Direct-acting antiviral drugs have been recently introduced for management of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients. Those medications have achieved a dramatic improvement of sustained virologic response (SVR) reaching almost 90%. However, reports regarding the increased risk of occurrence or recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic HCV patients who achieved SVR after direct-acting antiviral drugs are controversial.Methods: We report two cases of giant HCCs complicating chronic HCV infection after direct-acting antiviral drugs-based therapies and were managed by major hepatic resection.Results: Two male patients with chronic HCV infection received several regimens oral direct acting antiviral drugs with a SVR for 3 and 6 months, respectively. They complained of progressive right hypochondrial pain and abdominal enlargement. Two large HCCs were diagnosed (16.2 cm * 17.6 cm * 16.9 cm, and 18 cm * 13 cm * 16.5 cm in dimensions) with markedly elevated serum alpha feto-protein (36,000 and 7,000 ng/ml, respectively). Due to the presence of adequate residual liver volume, the decision was to proceed for surgical resection. Central hepatectomy and extended right hemi-hepatectomy were performed, respectively. Patients had smooth postoperative course and were discharged after 10 and 9 days, respectively.Conclusion: The relationship between direct-acting antiviral drugs and HCC is controversial. Those cases add support to the accumulating literature suggesting the relationship of HCC development in chronic HCV patients receiving direct-acting antiviral drugs. Further prospective studies with adequate long term follow up are needed to prove or disprove this relationship.
简介:直接作用的抗病毒药物最近被引入慢性丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)患者的治疗。这些药物显著改善了持续病毒学反应(SVR)，达到近90%。然而，关于直接作用抗病毒药物治疗后达到SVR的慢性HCV患者肝细胞癌(HCC)发生或复发风险增加的报道存在争议。方法:我们报告了两例巨大hcc合并慢性HCV感染的直接作用抗病毒药物治疗后，并通过大肝切除术进行治疗。结果:2例男性慢性HCV感染患者分别接受了3个月和6个月的口服直接作用抗病毒药物治疗。他们主诉进行性右疑病症疼痛和腹部肿大。2例大hcc(尺寸为16.2 cm * 17.6 cm * 16.9 cm和18 cm * 13 cm * 16.5 cm)，血清甲胎蛋白明显升高(分别为36000和7000 ng/ml)。由于存在足够的残余肝脏体积，决定进行手术切除。分别行中央肝切除术和扩大右半肝切除术。患者术后过程顺利，分别于10天和9天后出院。结论:直接抗病毒药物与HCC的关系尚存争议。这些病例进一步支持了积累的文献，表明慢性丙型肝炎患者接受直接作用抗病毒药物与HCC发展的关系。需要进一步的前瞻性研究和足够的长期随访来证明或反驳这种关系。
{"title":"Hepatic resection for two giant hepatocellular carcinoma after oral direct-acting antiviral therapy: Is there a relationship?","authors":"M. Wahab, A. Shehta, M. Ali","doi":"10.5430/JST.V8N2P32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V8N2P32","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Direct-acting antiviral drugs have been recently introduced for management of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients. Those medications have achieved a dramatic improvement of sustained virologic response (SVR) reaching almost 90%. However, reports regarding the increased risk of occurrence or recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic HCV patients who achieved SVR after direct-acting antiviral drugs are controversial.Methods: We report two cases of giant HCCs complicating chronic HCV infection after direct-acting antiviral drugs-based therapies and were managed by major hepatic resection.Results: Two male patients with chronic HCV infection received several regimens oral direct acting antiviral drugs with a SVR for 3 and 6 months, respectively. They complained of progressive right hypochondrial pain and abdominal enlargement. Two large HCCs were diagnosed (16.2 cm * 17.6 cm * 16.9 cm, and 18 cm * 13 cm * 16.5 cm in dimensions) with markedly elevated serum alpha feto-protein (36,000 and 7,000 ng/ml, respectively). Due to the presence of adequate residual liver volume, the decision was to proceed for surgical resection. Central hepatectomy and extended right hemi-hepatectomy were performed, respectively. Patients had smooth postoperative course and were discharged after 10 and 9 days, respectively.Conclusion: The relationship between direct-acting antiviral drugs and HCC is controversial. Those cases add support to the accumulating literature suggesting the relationship of HCC development in chronic HCV patients receiving direct-acting antiviral drugs. Further prospective studies with adequate long term follow up are needed to prove or disprove this relationship.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84188398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Detection of somatic mutations from late stage solid tumors is a critical part of cancer treatment. Although tumor content is used as a convenient parameter to measure efficacy of detection, it fails to include two basic factors: the lower limit of detection (LLOD), and the ratio of the mutant and wild type allele frequencies. Recently, the detection of somatic mutations has expanded to liquid biopsy, early stages of cancer and population screening, which all generally carry lower copy numbers of somatic mutations compared to late stage tumors. With the growing importance of these mutations for targeted chemotherapy and other clinical applications, there is a need re-evaluate the efficacy of detection of somatic mutations. Hence, a new algorithm, Detection Index (DI), is proposed to standardize the efficacy of all molecular methods and is applicable to all types of clinical samples. Detection Index (DI) is based on two basic determinants: lower limit of detection of the mutant allele, and the ratio of the copies of the mutant allele to that of the wild-type. The benefits of DI include (a) standardization of methods detecting somatic mutations so that laboratory reports will have a uniform interpretation related to clinical picture, and (b) the flexibility to use appropriate amounts of DNA and assay conditions to achieve desired DI.
{"title":"An algorithm to evaluate the efficacy of detecting somatic mutations","authors":"T. Moorthy","doi":"10.5430/jst.v8n2p25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/jst.v8n2p25","url":null,"abstract":"Detection of somatic mutations from late stage solid tumors is a critical part of cancer treatment. Although tumor content is used as a convenient parameter to measure efficacy of detection, it fails to include two basic factors: the lower limit of detection (LLOD), and the ratio of the mutant and wild type allele frequencies. Recently, the detection of somatic mutations has expanded to liquid biopsy, early stages of cancer and population screening, which all generally carry lower copy numbers of somatic mutations compared to late stage tumors. With the growing importance of these mutations for targeted chemotherapy and other clinical applications, there is a need re-evaluate the efficacy of detection of somatic mutations. Hence, a new algorithm, Detection Index (DI), is proposed to standardize the efficacy of all molecular methods and is applicable to all types of clinical samples. Detection Index (DI) is based on two basic determinants: lower limit of detection of the mutant allele, and the ratio of the copies of the mutant allele to that of the wild-type. The benefits of DI include (a) standardization of methods detecting somatic mutations so that laboratory reports will have a uniform interpretation related to clinical picture, and (b) the flexibility to use appropriate amounts of DNA and assay conditions to achieve desired DI. ","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78275600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The prognostic value of Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still indistinct. We conducted this study to assess the prognostic significance of pretreatment PLR in patients with unresectable NSCLC.Aim of the Work: To assess the prognostic significance of pre-treatment PLR in patients with NSCLC.Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 130 patients treated for NSCLC with definitive/palliative chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in Ain-Shams Universit hospital, Clinical Oncology department between January 2014 and December 2016. Pre-treatment CBC was available for the 130 patients to calculate PLR by dividing the absolute platelet count by the absolute lymphocytic count.Results: Out of 130 patients with available pre-treatment complete blood picture, population age ranged from 23 to 87 years. Male to female ratio was 4.8:1. Adenocarcinoma presents 51% of cases. Unresectable stage II and stage III present 2% and 27% respectively, while Stage IV presents 69%. Using a cut-off value of 150, a statistically significant correlation between baseline PLR > 150 and presence of distant metastases was found (p = .043); with a trend towards less advanced stage disease among group of patients with baseline PLR < 150 (p = .064). High PLR > 150 was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) (median OS: 10.33 months; 95% CI: 6.23-14.42, compared to patients with PLR < 150; (median OS: 24.63 months, 95% CI:11.5-37.76, p = .008), but not PFS. In multivariate analysis, PLR < 150 was an independent good prognostic factor for OS; (HR = 0.549; 95% CI: 0.314-0.958; p = .035).Conclusion: High PLR is associated with poor OS in patients with unresectable NSCLC.
{"title":"Prognostic value of platelet to lymphocyte ratio in patients with non-small cell lung cancer","authors":"M. Elkady, G. Refaat, Z. El-Sayed, Kyrillus Farag","doi":"10.5430/JST.V9N1P8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V9N1P8","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The prognostic value of Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still indistinct. We conducted this study to assess the prognostic significance of pretreatment PLR in patients with unresectable NSCLC.Aim of the Work: To assess the prognostic significance of pre-treatment PLR in patients with NSCLC.Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 130 patients treated for NSCLC with definitive/palliative chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in Ain-Shams Universit hospital, Clinical Oncology department between January 2014 and December 2016. Pre-treatment CBC was available for the 130 patients to calculate PLR by dividing the absolute platelet count by the absolute lymphocytic count.Results: Out of 130 patients with available pre-treatment complete blood picture, population age ranged from 23 to 87 years. Male to female ratio was 4.8:1. Adenocarcinoma presents 51% of cases. Unresectable stage II and stage III present 2% and 27% respectively, while Stage IV presents 69%. Using a cut-off value of 150, a statistically significant correlation between baseline PLR > 150 and presence of distant metastases was found (p = .043); with a trend towards less advanced stage disease among group of patients with baseline PLR < 150 (p = .064). High PLR > 150 was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) (median OS: 10.33 months; 95% CI: 6.23-14.42, compared to patients with PLR < 150; (median OS: 24.63 months, 95% CI:11.5-37.76, p = .008), but not PFS. In multivariate analysis, PLR < 150 was an independent good prognostic factor for OS; (HR = 0.549; 95% CI: 0.314-0.958; p = .035).Conclusion: High PLR is associated with poor OS in patients with unresectable NSCLC.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85605093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clémence Bruyère, V. Garibotto, A. Rougemont, S. Boudabbous
Gorham-Stout Disease (GD) is a very rare disease of unknown etiology characterized by progressive osteolysis and soft tissue involvement. Imaging is non-specific, and diagnosis may be delayed. The evolution of the disease is unpredictable, with progression of the osteolysis, spontaneous regression, or in a few cases re-ossification. We report a case of a 54-year-old woman with GD of the radius. In this rare location, only few cases have been reported with all imaging modalities: conventional radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET-CT). We describe the characteristics of GD in different imaging modalities, as well as the histological features. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first metabolically active lesion in GD, with relevant implications for the differential diagnosis.
{"title":"Imaging pattern and histological features of Gorham-Stout Disease of the radius","authors":"Clémence Bruyère, V. Garibotto, A. Rougemont, S. Boudabbous","doi":"10.5430/JST.V8N2P20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V8N2P20","url":null,"abstract":"Gorham-Stout Disease (GD) is a very rare disease of unknown etiology characterized by progressive osteolysis and soft tissue involvement. Imaging is non-specific, and diagnosis may be delayed. The evolution of the disease is unpredictable, with progression of the osteolysis, spontaneous regression, or in a few cases re-ossification. We report a case of a 54-year-old woman with GD of the radius. In this rare location, only few cases have been reported with all imaging modalities: conventional radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET-CT). We describe the characteristics of GD in different imaging modalities, as well as the histological features. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first metabolically active lesion in GD, with relevant implications for the differential diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88376752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Khalid, Aariez Khalid, A. Haddad, T. Spiro, H. Daw
Recently, many targeted therapies have been approved for treating brain metastases in non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma patients. In this article, the targeted therapies and their mechanism of action will be reviewed. It will highlight the central nervous system penetration of the targeted therapies. The article will also relate the efficacy of these drugs as seen in clinical trials, which would help guide clinicians when managing these patients.
{"title":"Central nervous system penetration and efficacy of targeted therapies used in non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma with brain metastases","authors":"S. Khalid, Aariez Khalid, A. Haddad, T. Spiro, H. Daw","doi":"10.5430/JST.V8N2P13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V8N2P13","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, many targeted therapies have been approved for treating brain metastases in non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma patients. In this article, the targeted therapies and their mechanism of action will be reviewed. It will highlight the central nervous system penetration of the targeted therapies. The article will also relate the efficacy of these drugs as seen in clinical trials, which would help guide clinicians when managing these patients.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"193 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86928620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Synovial chondromatosis is known to be frequently intra-articular and more rarely extra-articular. We present four cases of extra-articular chondromatosis in four different localizations: in the retro-olecranon bursa, in the sheath of the flexor of hallucis longus muscle, in the extra-synovial space of the knee and within the muscle’s fibers of brachialis muscle. Plain radiography, ultrasonography, tomodensitometry and magnetic resonance imaging show imaging characteristics, which help in differential diagnosis. Surgical excision is the gold standard treatment to avoid recurrence or malignancy transformation and to achieve a normal articular mobility.
{"title":"Extra-articular osteochondromatosis: A collection of four clinical cases of different localization","authors":"A. Caruso, R. Macchia, S. Boudabbous","doi":"10.5430/JST.V8N2P1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V8N2P1","url":null,"abstract":"Synovial chondromatosis is known to be frequently intra-articular and more rarely extra-articular. We present four cases of extra-articular chondromatosis in four different localizations: in the retro-olecranon bursa, in the sheath of the flexor of hallucis longus muscle, in the extra-synovial space of the knee and within the muscle’s fibers of brachialis muscle. Plain radiography, ultrasonography, tomodensitometry and magnetic resonance imaging show imaging characteristics, which help in differential diagnosis. Surgical excision is the gold standard treatment to avoid recurrence or malignancy transformation and to achieve a normal articular mobility.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"76 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81153614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Kosmas, Anna Tsonou, G. Mitropoulou, Anastasia Mandilara, O. Papadopoulou, Eufrosyni Salemi
Malignant melanoma (MM) is a malignant melanocytic neoplasm that occurs mainly in the skin but it can also involve any tissue. It has the capacity to metastasize widely and quickly to various sites without any intermediate stops, sometimes many years after treatment of the primary tumor. It is almost impossible to predict which organ system will be invaded by melanoma from a given primary site. We report the cytomorphologic and immunocytochemical findings of a male patient with isolated pleural metastasis of MM without pulmonary parenchymal metastatic involvement after 10 years of progression-free survival. Pleural fluid cytology revealed epithelioid cells of variable sizes and configuration isolated or in clusters with abnormal hyperchromatic nuclei, irregularly-shaped nucleoli, abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, multinucleated giant cells, intranuclear cytoplamic inclusions as well as many cytoplasmic melanin pigmented tumor cells. Immunocytochemical markers for melanoma HMB-45 and S-100 were positive. Metastasis of MM to pleural fluid is rare and diagnosing the disease by cytology is challenging and requires medical expertise as well as knowledge of clinical context and immunocytochemical staining evaluation.
{"title":"Cytological diagnosis of metastatic melanoma presenting as an isolated pleural effusion: A case report","authors":"K. Kosmas, Anna Tsonou, G. Mitropoulou, Anastasia Mandilara, O. Papadopoulou, Eufrosyni Salemi","doi":"10.5430/JST.V8N2P7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/JST.V8N2P7","url":null,"abstract":"Malignant melanoma (MM) is a malignant melanocytic neoplasm that occurs mainly in the skin but it can also involve any tissue. It has the capacity to metastasize widely and quickly to various sites without any intermediate stops, sometimes many years after treatment of the primary tumor. It is almost impossible to predict which organ system will be invaded by melanoma from a given primary site. We report the cytomorphologic and immunocytochemical findings of a male patient with isolated pleural metastasis of MM without pulmonary parenchymal metastatic involvement after 10 years of progression-free survival. Pleural fluid cytology revealed epithelioid cells of variable sizes and configuration isolated or in clusters with abnormal hyperchromatic nuclei, irregularly-shaped nucleoli, abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, multinucleated giant cells, intranuclear cytoplamic inclusions as well as many cytoplasmic melanin pigmented tumor cells. Immunocytochemical markers for melanoma HMB-45 and S-100 were positive. Metastasis of MM to pleural fluid is rare and diagnosing the disease by cytology is challenging and requires medical expertise as well as knowledge of clinical context and immunocytochemical staining evaluation.","PeriodicalId":17174,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Solid Tumors","volume":"29 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73599175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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