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Interventions to Improve Advanced Practitioner Work-Related Quality of Life and Patient Satisfaction. 提高高级执业医师工作相关生活质量和患者满意度的干预措施。
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.1.4
Heather Jackson, Olivia West, Annie Austin, Karline Peal

Background: Across the United States, an incremental need for cancer care continues to emerge. Specialty nurse practitioners and physician assistant teams have helped in meeting this demand. However, there is a need for evidence-based recommendations to inform appropriate provider-patient staffing ratios that encompass complex cancer treatments and ensure optimal care.

Methods: A literature review identified a gap in existing research with regard to recommended inpatient provider-patient ratios for hematology and oncology services. The conceptual framework of ICU nursing workload was utilized to ensure a comprehensive understanding of an inpatient specialty cancer provider's duties.

Results: Within the unit, job, patient, and situation workload levels, there were multiple interventions implemented to streamline systems and improve workplace conditions for providers, as measured by the work-related quality of life (WRQoL) scale. Patient satisfaction scores improved an average of 4% across multiple criteria and exceeded benchmark rankings by 10.7% surrounding communication with nurses and physicians (a 6.3% increase). Discharge efficiency improved, with 6.1% more discharges occurring by 11:00 am, and length of stay was noted to be 8.8 days fewer than teaching services treating the same cancer diagnosis. Finally, additional shift pay was greatly reduced and turnover decreased by 17%.

Conclusion: Application of the conceptual framework of ICU nursing workload provided a scientific assessment of specialty inpatient cancer services within one institution. Interventions resulted in improved working conditions, patient satisfaction, discharge efficiency, and reduced turnover, ultimately ensuring the provision of high-quality cancer care.

背景:在美国,对癌症治疗的需求不断增加。专业护士从业人员和医师助理团队帮助满足了这一需求。然而,有必要以证据为基础的建议,告知适当的提供者-患者人员配置比例,包括复杂的癌症治疗和确保最佳护理。方法:一篇文献综述确定了现有研究中关于血液学和肿瘤学服务的推荐住院医生-患者比例的差距。利用ICU护理工作量的概念框架来确保对住院专科癌症提供者的职责有全面的了解。结果:通过工作相关生活质量(WRQoL)量表测量,在单位、工作、患者和情况工作量水平内,实施了多种干预措施,以简化系统并改善提供者的工作场所条件。在多个标准中,患者满意度得分平均提高了4%,与护士和医生的沟通比基准排名高出10.7%(增加了6.3%)。出院效率提高了,到上午11点,出院率增加了6.1%,住院时间比治疗相同癌症诊断的教学服务少8.8天。最后,额外的轮班工资大大减少,营业额下降了17%。结论:应用ICU护理工作量概念框架,可对某医院肿瘤专科住院服务进行科学评估。干预措施改善了工作条件,提高了患者满意度,提高了出院效率,减少了人员流失率,最终确保了提供高质量的癌症治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Oncology Advanced Practice Posters: New Research and Insights Into Our Future. 肿瘤学高级实践海报:新的研究和对我们未来的见解。
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.1.1
Beth Faiman
Presenting a poster at a conference is an important way for us as advanced practitioners to showcase our work, receive feedback, and affect future directions in the way we care for our patients. Conversely, as an attendee, I am always inspired by the work of my colleagues and energized to find new perspectives and approaches to common challenges we share.
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引用次数: 0
Predictors of Nurse Practitioner Prescription of Opioids for Cancer Pain: Quantitative Results. 护士处方阿片类药物治疗癌症疼痛的预测因素:定量结果。
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.1.2
Erin McMenamin, Marye Kellermann, Regina Cunningham, Janet Selway

Background: Nurse practitioners (NPs) have assumed a greater role in the management of pain related to cancer. Several studies have associated adequate management of cancer pain with improved survival. Opioids are an essential treatment for cancer pain management and thus it is important to understand influences on prescribing these substances. However, due to a lack of previous studies on this topic, little is known about the influences on NP prescription of opioids for patients with pain due to cancer.

Purpose: Competent decision-making is highly correlated with dominant personality characteristics and dominant decision-making styles in everyday life. The rational approach to decision-making has demonstrated superior performance with different daily tasks, including career-related tasks. However, it is unknown whether dominant personality and/or decision-making style impacts the decisions of medical professionals. Using the Diffusion of Innovations theoretical framework, this study evaluated whether dominant personality, dominant decision style, advanced specialty certification, and/or demographic factors influenced oncology NP opioid prescribing proficiency (termed opioid decision score, or ODS) according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Guidelines. Other advanced practice providers (APPs) were excluded from the study due to controlled substance prescribing limitations.

Methods: An internet-based descriptive comparative study was performed evaluating the dominant personality characteristic and dominant decision-making style as a predictor of opioid prescribing among NPs working in oncology. Participants were recruited using lists from the Oncology Nursing Society (ONS) and American Association of Nurse Practitioners (AANP). A nationwide convenience sample of NPs working with adult oncology patients was evaluated for opioid prescribing according to recommendations in the NCCN Cancer Pain Guidelines.

Results: Univariate linear regression revealed a statistically significant increase in the ODS as the Big Five Inventory (BFI) Openness scale score increased (estimate = 0.36, standard error [SE] = 0.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.03-0.69). Nurse practitioners reporting advanced specialty certification in oncology and/or hospice or palliative care scored significantly higher on the ODS compared with those with no advanced specialty certification (n = 81, M = 2.86, 2.34, t = -2.75, df = 178, p = .0065).

Conclusion: This study provides preliminary findings regarding the decision-making of NPs working with oncology patients and prescribing opioids for cancer pain. Nurse practitioners with a dominant personality characteristic of openness and those reporting an advanced specialty certification in oncology and/or hospice or palliative care were more likely to prescribe opioids f

背景:执业护士(NPs)在癌症相关疼痛的管理中发挥了更大的作用。一些研究已经将适当的癌症疼痛管理与生存率的提高联系起来。阿片类药物是癌症疼痛管理的基本治疗方法,因此了解对处方这些物质的影响非常重要。然而,由于缺乏相关研究,对于阿片类药物对癌症疼痛患者NP处方的影响知之甚少。目的:胜任决策与日常生活中的主导人格特征和主导决策风格高度相关。理性的决策方法在不同的日常任务中表现出优异的表现,包括与职业相关的任务。然而,尚不清楚主导人格和/或决策风格是否会影响医疗专业人员的决策。利用创新扩散理论框架,本研究根据国家综合癌症网络(NCCN)指南评估了主导人格、主导决策风格、高级专业认证和/或人口统计学因素是否影响肿瘤NP阿片类药物处方熟练程度(称为阿片类药物决策评分,或ODS)。由于受控物质处方限制,其他高级执业医师(app)被排除在研究之外。方法:通过一项基于互联网的描述性比较研究,评估主导人格特征和主导决策风格在肿瘤学NPs中作为阿片类药物处方的预测因子。参与者是根据肿瘤护理学会(ONS)和美国护士从业者协会(AANP)的名单招募的。根据NCCN癌症疼痛指南的建议,对全国范围内与成人肿瘤患者一起工作的NPs进行阿片类药物处方评估。结果:单变量线性回归显示,随着大五量表(BFI)开放性量表得分的增加,ODS的增加具有统计学意义(估计值= 0.36,标准误差[SE] = 0.17, 95%置信区间[CI] = 0.03-0.69)。报告肿瘤学和/或临终关怀或姑息治疗高级专科认证的执业护士在ODS上的得分明显高于没有高级专科认证的执业护士(n = 81, M = 2.86, 2.34, t = -2.75, df = 178, p = 0.0065)。结论:本研究为NPs治疗肿瘤患者的决策和处方阿片类药物治疗癌症疼痛提供了初步发现。根据NCCN指南,具有开放性主导人格特征和具有肿瘤学和/或临终关怀或姑息治疗高级专业认证的执业护士更有可能为癌症患者开阿片类药物。需要进一步调查以确定影响NPs和其他开处方者开具受控物质处方的其他因素。
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引用次数: 1
Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules: When to Worry? 不确定的甲状腺结节:何时该担心?
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.1.9
Amanda Tibbels

Indeterminate thyroid nodules can present a confounding scenario for both provider and patient. Once a diagnosis of an indeterminate thyroid nodule is made, appropriate management can range from conservative observation to surgical resection. A thorough evaluation, including a dedicated history and physical examination, biochemical profile, pathologic information from a seasoned pathologist, and thyroid ultrasound by an experienced radiologist can help point health-care providers in the right direction. However, the ultimate diagnosis cannot be rendered unless surgical excision is performed. Provider and patient must agree on a personalized risk vs. benefit profile for the indeterminate thyroid nodule.

不确定的甲状腺结节可能会给医生和病人带来混淆的情况。一旦诊断出不确定的甲状腺结节,适当的处理可以从保守观察到手术切除。全面的评估,包括专门的病史和体格检查、生化特征、经验丰富的病理学家提供的病理信息,以及经验丰富的放射科医生提供的甲状腺超声检查,可以帮助医疗保健提供者指出正确的方向。然而,除非进行手术切除,否则无法做出最终诊断。提供者和患者必须就不确定甲状腺结节的个性化风险与收益概况达成一致。
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引用次数: 0
Role of Luspatercept in the Management of Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Luspatercept 在低风险骨髓增生异常综合征治疗中的作用
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.1.8
Sara M Tinsley-Vance, Mark Davis, Olalekan Ajayi

Treatment options are limited for patients with anemia associated with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (LR-MDS). The recent approval of luspatercept for the treatment of anemia associated with very low-to intermediate-risk MDS with ring sideroblasts (RS) or with myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm with RS and thrombocytosis has provided adult patients and practitioners with a much-needed new therapeutic option. Luspatercept is a first-in-class erythroid maturation agent that exerts its effects on later stages of erythropoiesis. In the phase III MEDALIST trial of patients with LR-MDS with RS, luspatercept (starting dose 1 mg/kg) demonstrated substantial clinical benefit (38% of patients treated with luspatercept vs. 13% of those treated with placebo [p < .001] achieved transfusion independence for ≥ 8 weeks during the first 24 weeks of treatment) and a favorable safety profile. The most common adverse events (AEs), including fatigue, asthenia, dizziness, and diarrhea, were more frequent during the first 4 treatment cycles and subsequently declined. This review provides a comprehensive overview of luspatercept treatment administration, including the mechanism of action, efficacy and safety data, management of dosing, and AEs associated with luspatercept treatment of patients with LR-MDS.

对于与低风险骨髓增生异常综合征(LR-MDS)相关的贫血患者,治疗方案十分有限。Luspatercept 最近获批用于治疗伴有环形红细胞(RS)的极低至中危 MDS 或伴有 RS 和血小板增多的骨髓增生异常/骨髓增生性肿瘤相关贫血,为成年患者和医生提供了一种急需的新疗法。Luspatercept 是一种首创的红细胞成熟剂,可对红细胞生成的后期阶段产生作用。在针对伴有RS的LR-MDS患者进行的III期MEDALIST试验中,Luspatercept(起始剂量为1毫克/千克)表现出了显著的临床获益(在治疗的前24周内,38%的Luspatercept治疗患者与13%的安慰剂治疗患者相比[p < .001],实现了≥8周的独立输血)和良好的安全性。最常见的不良事件(AEs)包括疲劳、气喘、头晕和腹泻,在前4个治疗周期较为频繁,随后有所减少。本综述全面概述了LR-MDS患者的Luspatercept治疗管理,包括作用机制、疗效和安全性数据、剂量管理以及与Luspatercept治疗相关的AEs。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of the Research Advanced Practice Provider in CAR T-Cell Clinical Trials. CAR - t细胞临床试验中研究高级实践提供者的角色。
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.1.5
Ly Dsouza

In recent years, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as an effective and potentially paradigm-shifting therapy for patients with refractory lymphoma and myeloma. This novel therapy involves engineering T cells to recognize specific antigens on the surface of cancer cells. Several CAR T-cell products are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as a result of numerous clinical trials. Due to the complexity of these studies and the high level of care required for CAR T-cell therapy patients, the role of the research advanced practice provider (APP) has become increasingly central to the success of CAR T-cell trials. This review article explores the vital role of the research APP in CAR T-cell clinical trials.

近年来,嵌合抗原受体(CAR) t细胞疗法已成为治疗难治性淋巴瘤和骨髓瘤的一种有效且潜在的范式转移疗法。这种新疗法包括改造T细胞来识别癌细胞表面的特定抗原。经过大量临床试验,美国食品和药物管理局批准了几种CAR - t细胞产品。由于这些研究的复杂性和CAR - t细胞治疗患者所需的高水平护理,研究高级实践提供者(APP)的作用对CAR - t细胞试验的成功越来越重要。这篇综述文章探讨了APP在CAR - t细胞临床试验中的重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Polatuzumab Vedotin for the Front-Line Treatment of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A New Standard of Care? 用于弥漫大 B 细胞淋巴瘤一线治疗的 Polatuzumab Vedotin:新的治疗标准?
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.1.6
James A Davis, Abigail Shockley, Amanda Herbst, Lindsey Hendrickson

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the US. For nearly 2 decades, standard front-line treatment has consisted of chemoimmunotherapy with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP). Numerous trials have unsuccessfully attempted to achieve better outcomes in these patients. Recently, the results of the phase III POLARIX trial were published. This study randomized newly diagnosed DLBCL patients to receive polatuzumab vedotin in combination with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone (pola-R-CHP) or standard-of-care R-CHOP. The POLARIX trial demonstrated 2-year progression-free survival of 76.7% for pola-R-CHP compared with 70.2% for R-CHOP with comparable safety profiles between the two arms. Based on these results, a new standard of care may be emerging in patients with DLBCL. This article provides a practical approach to managing a newly diagnosed patient with DLBCL.

弥漫大 B 细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)是美国最常见的侵袭性非霍奇金淋巴瘤。近 20 年来,标准的一线治疗包括利妥昔单抗、环磷酰胺、多柔比星、长春新碱和泼尼松(R-CHOP)化疗免疫疗法。许多试验都试图为这些患者带来更好的治疗效果,但都没有成功。最近,POLARIX III 期试验结果公布。这项研究将新诊断的DLBCL患者随机分为两组,分别接受泊拉珠单抗维多汀联合利妥昔单抗、环磷酰胺、多柔比星和泼尼松(pola-R-CHP)或标准疗法R-CHOP。POLARIX 试验表明,pola-R-CHP 的 2 年无进展生存率为 76.7%,而 R-CHOP 为 70.2%,两组患者的安全性相当。基于这些结果,DLBCL 患者可能会出现一种新的治疗标准。本文提供了一种管理新诊断的DLBCL患者的实用方法。
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引用次数: 0
Inclusion of Racial and Ethnic Minorities in Cancer Clinical Trials: 30 Years After the NIH Revitalization Act, Where Are We? 在癌症临床试验中纳入种族和少数民族:美国国立卫生研究院振兴法案30年后,我们在哪里?
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.6004/jadpro.2022.13.8.2
Faith Mutale

The lack of diversity in cancer trials is a multifaceted, decades-old problem that has remained persistent despite efforts to increase the number of participants from underrepresented racial and ethnic backgrounds. This lack of meaningful improvement is a problem that continues to perpetuate inequities in cancer care. For optimal generalizability of clinical trial results, populations that are likely to be treated must be adequately represented. Beyond consensus statements, policy enactments, and federal mandates, strategic collaboration with at-risk underrepresented communities is critically necessary to improve the accrual of minorities to cancer clinical trials. As such, the clarion call is for advanced practitioners in oncology to take a keen interest in this issue and seek to develop population-specific strategies to bridge and eliminate the disparity gap and improve outcomes in these groups.

癌症试验缺乏多样性是一个多方面的、几十年来一直存在的问题,尽管努力增加来自代表性不足的种族和民族背景的参与者人数,但这个问题仍然存在。缺乏有意义的改善是癌症治疗中持续存在的不平等问题。为了使临床试验结果具有最佳的普遍性,必须充分代表可能接受治疗的人群。除了共识声明、政策制定和联邦授权外,与弱势群体进行战略合作对于提高少数群体参加癌症临床试验的人数至关重要。因此,我们呼吁肿瘤学的高级从业人员对这一问题产生浓厚的兴趣,并寻求制定针对人群的策略,以弥合和消除差距,改善这些群体的结果。
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引用次数: 4
Supporting Advanced Practice Fellowship During COVID-19. COVID-19期间支持高级实践奖学金。
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.6004/jadpro.2022.13.8.8
Miranda Osborne, Amy Rettig, Amy Lindsey, Kris Mathey, Loraine Sinnott, Diana McMahon

With the aging population and increasing number of cancer survivors contributing to a projected provider shortage, one solution is the specialization of nurse practitioners and physician assistants (part of the advanced practice provider [APP] workforce) in oncology. However, a lack of preparation in caring for the patient with cancer has led to burnout and stress in these groups. The authors studied an APP fellowship program to describe resilience, stress, and compassion in a transition-to-practice program and explore the experience of intentional, facilitated conversations. During 2019 and 2020, 18 APP fellows at a large, academic comprehensive cancer center participated in this descriptive study. The fellowship started in-person but changed to a virtual setting due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Resilience was measured through the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale 10, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Professional Quality of Life Scale at four points in time: baseline, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months. The experience of intentional, facilitated conversations was captured through simple theme collection as part of a standard program evaluation. Resilience, perceived stress, and compassion showed no statistical significance over the course of the fellowship. Evaluations of an intentional, facilitated conversation program found focal areas that included challenges, fatigue, empathy, relationships, role, self-awareness, and self-care. Despite the challenges of the pandemic on the health-care provider, the retention rate of APPs remained steady during the fellowship. The findings from this study suggested there was a benefit in an oncology fellowship for advanced practice and that intentional, facilitated conversations provide reflection and support during this experience.

随着人口老龄化和癌症幸存者数量的增加,预计会出现提供者短缺,解决方案之一是肿瘤学专业的护士和医师助理(高级实践提供者[APP]劳动力的一部分)。然而,在照顾癌症患者方面缺乏准备导致了这些群体的倦怠和压力。作者研究了一个APP奖学金项目,以描述从过渡到实践项目中的韧性、压力和同情心,并探索有意的、促进的对话的经验。在2019年和2020年期间,一家大型学术综合癌症中心的18名APP研究员参与了这项描述性研究。起初是面对面交流,但因新冠疫情而改为虚拟交流。通过康纳·戴维森恢复力量表,感知压力量表和职业生活质量量表在基线,6个月,12个月和18个月四个时间点测量恢复力。通过简单的主题收集,作为标准程序评估的一部分,捕获了有意的、便利的对话体验。韧性、感知压力和同情心在研究过程中没有统计学意义。对一个有意的、便利的谈话项目的评估发现了重点领域,包括挑战、疲劳、同理心、关系、角色、自我意识和自我照顾。尽管大流行给保健提供者带来了挑战,但在研究金期间,应用程序的保留率保持稳定。这项研究的结果表明,在肿瘤学高级实践中,有意向的、促进的对话提供了反思和支持。
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引用次数: 0
Adherence to Prophylactic Anticonvulsant Guidelines for Newly Diagnosed Brain Tumor Patients: A Quality Improvement Study. 新诊断脑肿瘤患者遵守预防性抗惊厥药指南:一项质量改善研究
Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI: 10.6004/jadpro.2022.13.8.4
Dan Beverly Fu, Xiao-Tang Kong, Tener Goodwin Veenema, Daniela A Bota, Binu Koirala

Background and purpose: Clinical guidelines suggest that prophylactic antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) should be given to newly diagnosed seizure-naive brain tumor patients for up to 1 week after craniotomy. Yet, data suggest that prophylactic AEDs are used up to 12 months after surgery. A quality improvement project was implemented to improve adherence to evidence-based prophylactic AED guidelines.

Methods: A quasi-experimental, pre- and post-test intervention design was used to assess the effect of a multiphase intervention on guideline adherence and prophylactic anticonvulsant prescription rates. The 16-week intervention consisted of provider education sessions, provider alerts, documentation templates, and a weekly audit and feedback. Participants included four providers and newly diagnosed seizure-naive brain tumor patients. Measures included guideline adherence rates and AED prescription rates extracted from chart review, and a provider attitude and knowledge survey. Analyses included descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and Chi-square tests.

Results: Guideline adherence increased significantly (p < .01) from 4 months before implementation (15.8%) to 1 year before implementation (27.8%) and then to 93.3% after implementation. Provider knowledge showed clinically meaningful decreases in the likelihood to prescribe prophylactic AEDs (-.5 point) and increased understanding of prophylactic AED side effects (+0.5 point), although these were not statistically significant (p = .083). Finally, prophylactic AED prescription rates decreased by 2.2% (p = .119) compared with 4 months and 1 year before implementation (2.6%; p = .072).

Conclusion: This project highlights the important role of provider education, provider alerts, a documentation template, and audit and feedback in improving guideline adherence rate. Findings suggest that the combination intervention and weekly audit and feedback strategy can improve guideline adherence to prophylactic anticonvulsant use in seizure-naive newly diagnosed brain tumor patients.

Implications: By following prophylactic AED guideline recommendations, clinicians can avoid the potential side effects of anticonvulsant-induced cognitive, behavioral, and psychiatric issues that can impair patients' quality of life.

背景与目的:临床指南建议,新诊断为癫痫发作的脑肿瘤患者开颅后应给予预防性抗癫痫药物(AEDs)长达1周。然而,数据显示,预防性aed在手术后12个月仍在使用。实施了一项质量改进项目,以提高对循证预防性AED指南的依从性。方法:采用准实验、测试前和测试后干预设计来评估多阶段干预对指南依从性和预防性抗惊厥药物处方率的影响。为期16周的干预包括提供者教育会议、提供者警报、文档模板和每周审计和反馈。参与者包括四名提供者和新诊断的癫痫发作初期脑肿瘤患者。测量包括从图表回顾中提取的指南依从率和AED处方率,以及提供者态度和知识调查。分析包括描述性统计、Wilcoxon符号秩检验和卡方检验。结果:从实施前4个月(15.8%)到实施前1年(27.8%),再到实施后的93.3%,指南依从性显著增加(p < 0.01)。提供者知识显示,开具预防性aed的可能性有临床意义的降低。5分)和对预防性AED副作用的认识增加(+0.5分),尽管这些没有统计学意义(p = 0.083)。最后,与实施前4个月和1年相比,预防性AED处方率下降2.2% (p = 0.119) (2.6%;P = .072)。结论:本项目强调了提供者教育、提供者提醒、文档模板以及审计和反馈在提高指南依从率方面的重要作用。研究结果表明,联合干预和每周审计反馈策略可以提高初次发作的新诊断脑肿瘤患者预防性抗惊厥药使用指南的依从性。意义:通过遵循预防性AED指南建议,临床医生可以避免抗惊厥药物引起的认知、行为和精神问题的潜在副作用,这些副作用可能损害患者的生活质量。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of the Advanced Practitioner in Oncology
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