Pub Date : 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1177/01410768241289064
Richard Spicer
{"title":"The Sovietisation of British medicine.","authors":"Richard Spicer","doi":"10.1177/01410768241289064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01410768241289064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1177/01410768241289812
Jun Jie Lim, Chris Roberts, Rajvir Singh, Jack Wellington
{"title":"Bridging accelerated medical programmes and workforce demands: a critical evaluation of the four-year direct entry medical degree.","authors":"Jun Jie Lim, Chris Roberts, Rajvir Singh, Jack Wellington","doi":"10.1177/01410768241289812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01410768241289812","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-25DOI: 10.1177/01410768241274048
Ajandek Eory, Tim Dornan
{"title":"Why a medical student's learning environment matters: the enabling effect of supportive social climates.","authors":"Ajandek Eory, Tim Dornan","doi":"10.1177/01410768241274048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01410768241274048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142502837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1177/01410768241261507
Shukrat O Salisu-Olatunji, Yogini V Chudasama, Navjot Kaur, Zara Kayani, Babatunde A Odugbemi, Olasope Esther Bolodeoku, Shirley Akua Konnor, Elpida Vounzoulaki, Atanu Bhattacharjee, Radia Fahami, Jonathan Valabhji, Amitava Banerjee, Francesco Zaccardi, Clare L Gillies, Kamlesh Khunti
Objectives: To describe the direct impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection on morbidity and mortality in people with multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs).
Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis including observational studies.
Setting: Studies conducted between 1 January 2020 and 4 May 2023 across 51 countries were identified from five databases.
Participants: A total of 4,084,469 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection.
Main outcome measures: Pooled risk ratios (RRs) for mortality, hospitalisation, severe disease, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilation were estimated with random effect meta-analysis models.
Results: A total of 38,356 studies were identified and 111 included. In most (74%) of the studies, MLTCs referred to having two or more long-term conditions. Others described MLTCs by high weighted indices: the Charlson Comorbidity Index in 11% and the Clinical Frailty Score in 7%. Using the National Institutes of Health quality assessment tool for observational studies, the risk of bias was judged as low and moderate in 86 and 25 studies, respectively. Having MLTCs was associated with increased mortality (RR: 2.61 [95% CI: 2.27 to 3.0]); hospitalisation (2.4 [1.92 to 2.99]); severe disease (2.61 [1.92 to 3.54]); ICU admission (1.22 [1.07 to 1.39]) and mechanical ventilation (1.83 [1.18 to 2.84]) compared with those with no MLTCs. Pooled RRs for adverse outcomes were higher in children and young people compared with all age groups. In meta-regression analyses, men were more likely to need ICU admission (p = 0.013) and mechanical ventilation (p = 0.002).
Conclusions: Public health policies, clinical and preventative interventions should prioritise people with MLTCs to minimise direct adverse outcomes from COVID-19 disease.
{"title":"COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality in people with multiple long-term conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis of over 4 million people.","authors":"Shukrat O Salisu-Olatunji, Yogini V Chudasama, Navjot Kaur, Zara Kayani, Babatunde A Odugbemi, Olasope Esther Bolodeoku, Shirley Akua Konnor, Elpida Vounzoulaki, Atanu Bhattacharjee, Radia Fahami, Jonathan Valabhji, Amitava Banerjee, Francesco Zaccardi, Clare L Gillies, Kamlesh Khunti","doi":"10.1177/01410768241261507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01410768241261507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the direct impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection on morbidity and mortality in people with multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis including observational studies.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Studies conducted between 1 January 2020 and 4 May 2023 across 51 countries were identified from five databases.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 4,084,469 patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Pooled risk ratios (RRs) for mortality, hospitalisation, severe disease, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilation were estimated with random effect meta-analysis models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 38,356 studies were identified and 111 included. In most (74%) of the studies, MLTCs referred to having two or more long-term conditions. Others described MLTCs by high weighted indices: the Charlson Comorbidity Index in 11% and the Clinical Frailty Score in 7%. Using the National Institutes of Health quality assessment tool for observational studies, the risk of bias was judged as low and moderate in 86 and 25 studies, respectively. Having MLTCs was associated with increased mortality (RR: 2.61 [95% CI: 2.27 to 3.0]); hospitalisation (2.4 [1.92 to 2.99]); severe disease (2.61 [1.92 to 3.54]); ICU admission (1.22 [1.07 to 1.39]) and mechanical ventilation (1.83 [1.18 to 2.84]) compared with those with no MLTCs. Pooled RRs for adverse outcomes were higher in children and young people compared with all age groups. In meta-regression analyses, men were more likely to need ICU admission (<i>p</i> = 0.013) and mechanical ventilation (<i>p</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Public health policies, clinical and preventative interventions should prioritise people with MLTCs to minimise direct adverse outcomes from COVID-19 disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":17271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142468656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1177/01410768241279619
Vasiliy Vlassov
{"title":"English parallels to socialism: 1984-2024.","authors":"Vasiliy Vlassov","doi":"10.1177/01410768241279619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01410768241279619","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-20DOI: 10.1177/01410768241279029
Nick Black
{"title":"John Keats: the mystery years.","authors":"Nick Black","doi":"10.1177/01410768241279029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01410768241279029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-14DOI: 10.1177/01410768241261209
Isaac KS Ng, Wilson GW Goh
{"title":"Helping our aspiring medics make an informed decision","authors":"Isaac KS Ng, Wilson GW Goh","doi":"10.1177/01410768241261209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01410768241261209","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1177/01410768241274569
Dinesh Bhugra
{"title":"What do you need to be a scholar? And why?","authors":"Dinesh Bhugra","doi":"10.1177/01410768241274569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01410768241274569","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1177/01410768241274640
Dinesh Bhugra
{"title":"How to advocate for vulnerable groups?","authors":"Dinesh Bhugra","doi":"10.1177/01410768241274640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01410768241274640","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1177/01410768241274638
Dinesh Bhugra
{"title":"Advocate or not to advocate: what is the point?","authors":"Dinesh Bhugra","doi":"10.1177/01410768241274638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01410768241274638","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17271,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":17.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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