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A Study on Design and Microwave Characteristics of a RF/IR Multispectral Absorber 射频/红外多光谱吸收器的设计和微波特性研究
Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2024.27.3.311
Minah Yoon, Suwan Jeon, Youngeun Ra, Yerin Jo, Wonwoo Choi, Yukyoung Lee, Kwangseop Kim, Jonghak Lee, Kichul Kim, Taein Choi, Hakjoo Lee
In this paper, a design for a radio frequency(RF) and infrared(IR) absorber with metasurfaces is discussed in microwave frequency bands. The RF absorber includes double layers of metasurfaces to operate in S- and X-bands. Effects of sheet resistance of the metasurfaces and thicknesses of dielectric supporting layers on reflection responses are investigated. An IR stealth layer incorporates an array of conductive grids with slits to reflect IR signals but to transmit RF signals and visible rays. Periodicity of the grids and slits is studied for transmission responses in the X-band and a surface area ratio. Reflection responses of the RF/IR multispectral absorber are found to be lower than -10 dB and -16 dB in the S- and X-bands, respectively, from full-wave simulation. Finally, the RF/IR multispectral absorber is fabricated and its reflection responses are measured to verify designed performance.
本文讨论了微波频段的射频(RF)和红外(IR)元面吸收器的设计。射频吸收器包括双层元表面,可在 S 波段和 X 波段工作。研究了元表面的片状电阻和电介质支撑层的厚度对反射响应的影响。红外隐形层包含一个带有狭缝的导电网格阵列,可反射红外信号,但也可发射射频信号和可见光。针对 X 波段的传输响应和表面积比,研究了网格和狭缝的周期性。通过全波仿真发现,射频/红外多光谱吸收器在 S 波段和 X 波段的反射响应分别低于-10 dB 和-16 dB。最后,制作了射频/红外多光谱吸收器,并测量了其反射响应,以验证设计性能。
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引用次数: 0
Ferromagnetic Target Detection in the Ocean Using Drone-based Magnetic Anomaly Detection 利用无人机磁异常探测海洋中的铁磁目标
Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2024.27.3.338
Sinhyuk Yim, Dongkyu Kim, J. Yoon, E. Bang, Seokmin Oh, Bona Kim, K. Shim, Sangkyung Lee
Magnetic anomaly signals from the ferromagnetic targets such as ships in the sea are measured by drone-based magnetic anomaly detection. A quantum magnetometer is suspended from the drone by 4 strings. Flight altitude and speed of drone are 100 m and 5 m/s, respectively. We obtain magnetic anomaly signals of few nT from the ships clearly. We analyze the signal characteristics by the ferromagnetic target through simulation using COMSOL multiphysics.
基于无人机的磁异常探测可测量来自海上船只等铁磁性目标的磁异常信号。量子磁强计由 4 根线悬挂在无人机上。无人机的飞行高度和速度分别为 100 米和 5 米/秒。我们从船只上清晰地获得了几 nT 的磁异常信号。我们利用 COMSOL 多物理场仿真分析了铁磁目标的信号特征。
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引用次数: 0
Real-virtual Point Cloud Augmentation Method for Test and Evaluation of Autonomous Weapon Systems 用于测试和评估自主武器系统的真实-虚拟点云增强方法
Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2024.27.3.375
Saedong Yeo, Gyuhwan Hwang, Hyunsung Tae
Autonomous weapon systems act according to artificial intelligence-based judgement based on recognition through various sensors. Test and evaluation for various scenarios is required depending on the characteristics that artificial intelligence-based judgement is made. As a part of this approach, this paper proposed a LiDAR point cloud augmentation method for mixed-reality based test and evaluation. The augmentation process is achieved by mixing real and virtual LiDAR signals based on the virtual LiDAR synchronized with the pose of the autonomous weapon system. For realistic augmentation of test and evaluation purposes, appropriate intensity values were inserted when generating a point cloud of a virtual object and its validity was verified. In addition, when mixing the generated point cloud of the virtual object with the real point cloud, the proposed method enhances realism by considering the occlusion phenomenon caused by the insertion of the virtual object.
自主武器系统通过各种传感器的识别,根据基于人工智能的判断采取行动。根据人工智能判断的特点,需要对各种场景进行测试和评估。作为该方法的一部分,本文提出了一种基于混合现实的测试和评估的激光雷达点云增强方法。增强过程是在虚拟激光雷达与自主武器系统姿态同步的基础上,通过混合真实和虚拟激光雷达信号来实现的。为了达到真实增强测试和评估的目的,在生成虚拟物体的点云时插入了适当的强度值,并对其有效性进行了验证。此外,在将生成的虚拟物体点云与真实点云混合时,考虑到插入虚拟物体所造成的遮挡现象,所提出的方法增强了真实感。
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引用次数: 0
Two Circle-based Aircraft Head-on Reinforcement Learning Technique using Curriculum 基于两个圆的飞机正面强化学习技术
Pub Date : 2023-08-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.4.352
Insu Hwang, Jungho Bae
Recently, AI pilots using reinforcement learning are developing to a level that is more flexible than rule-based methods and can replace human pilots. In this paper, a curriculum was used to help head-on combat with reinforcement learning. It is not easy to learn head-on with a reinforcement learning method without a curriculum, but in this paper, through the two circle-based head-on air combat learning technique, ownship gradually increase the difficulty and become good at head-on combat. On the two-circle, the ATA angle between the ownship and target gradually increased and the AA angle gradually decreased while learning was conducted. By performing reinforcement learning with and w/o curriculum, it was engaged with the rule-based model. And as the win ratio of the curriculum based model increased to close to 100 %, it was confirmed that the performance was superior.
最近,使用强化学习的人工智能飞行员正在发展到比基于规则的方法更灵活的水平,可以取代人类飞行员。在本文中,课程被用来帮助与强化学习正面对抗。在没有课程的情况下,用强化学习的方法进行正面学习是不容易的,但本文通过两种基于圆的正面空战学习技术,逐渐增加了正面空战的难度,变得善于正面空战。在双环上,随着学习的进行,所有权与目标之间的ATA角逐渐增大,AA角逐渐减小。通过使用或不使用课程来执行强化学习,它与基于规则的模型相结合。当基于课程的模式的胜率提高到接近100%时,证实了其性能的优越性。
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引用次数: 0
The Development of the Real Time Target Simulator for the RF Signal of Electronic Warfare using VST and FPGA 基于VST和FPGA的电子战射频信号实时目标模拟器的研制
Pub Date : 2023-08-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.4.324
Sanghun Song
In this paper, the target simulator for RF signals was developed by using VST(Vector Signal Transceiver) and set by real-time signal processing SW programs. A function to process RF signals using FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) board was designed. The system functions capable of data processing, raw signals monitoring, target signals(simulated range, velocity) generating and RF environments data analyzing were implemented. And the characteristics of modulated signal were analyzed in RF environment. All function of programs for processing RF signal have options to store signal data and to manage the data. The validity of the signal simulation was confirmed through verification of simulated signal results.
本文利用矢量信号收发器(VST)开发了射频信号的目标模拟器,并利用实时信号处理软件程序进行设置。设计了利用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)板对射频信号进行处理的功能。系统实现了数据处理、原始信号监测、目标信号(模拟距离、速度)生成和射频环境数据分析等功能。分析了射频环境下调制信号的特性。射频信号处理程序的所有功能都具有存储信号数据和管理数据的选项。通过对仿真信号结果的验证,验证了信号仿真的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Static Ejection Test for Separation Analysis of 2,000lb-Class Store 2000lb级储层分离分析静态弹射试验
Pub Date : 2023-08-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.4.344
Byung-Chul Shin, Young-hee Jo, Min-soo Kim
Static ejection tests were conducted using the 2,000lb-Class Store to provide ejector model for the store separation simulation. In this study, static ejection test device for 2,000lb-class store was constructed and reaction force applied to store was measured over time. In addition, the trajectories of the ejected store were obtained using photogrammetry and compared with the simulations using developed ejector model. The results of the static ejection test were analyzed to determine the cartridge-orifice combination to be used for store separation. Flight tests were performed by applying the analysis results and verified that the store was safely separated from the aircraft.
采用2000 lb级储层进行静态弹射试验,为储层分离仿真提供弹射模型。本研究搭建了2000lb级储存库的静态弹射试验装置,测量了储存库随时间的反作用力。此外,利用摄影测量技术获得了弹射体的运动轨迹,并与所建立的弹射模型进行了比较。通过对静态弹射试验结果的分析,确定了用于储层分离的弹匣-孔板组合。应用分析结果进行了飞行试验,并证实仓库与飞机安全分离。
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引用次数: 0
Development of the Power Assist System for High Efficiency and Lightweight Wearable Robot in Unstructured Battlefield 非结构化战场中高效轻量化可穿戴机器人动力辅助系统的研究
Pub Date : 2023-08-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.4.313
Huichang Park
The wearable robot system is designed to assist human skeletal and muscular systems for enhancing user’s abilities in various fields, including medical, industrial, and military. The military has an expanding need for wearable robots with the integration of surveillance/control systems and advanced equipment in unstructured battlefield environments. However, there is a lack of research on the design and mechanism of wearable robots, especially for power assist systems. This study proposes a lightweight wearable robot system that provides comfortable wear and muscle support effects in various movements for soldiers performing high-strength and endurance missions. The Power assist mechanism is described and verified, and the tasks that require power assist are analyzed. This study explain the system including its driving mechanism, control system, and mechanical design. Finally, the performance of the robot is verified through experiments and evaluations, demonstrating its effectiveness in muscle support.
该可穿戴机器人系统旨在辅助人体骨骼和肌肉系统,以增强用户在医疗,工业和军事等各个领域的能力。在非结构化战场环境中,军队对集成监视/控制系统和先进设备的可穿戴机器人的需求不断扩大。然而,对于可穿戴机器人的设计和机理,特别是动力辅助系统的研究还比较缺乏。本研究提出了一种轻型可穿戴机器人系统,为执行高强度和耐力任务的士兵在各种动作中提供舒适的穿着和肌肉支撑效果。对动力辅助机理进行了描述和验证,并对需要动力辅助的任务进行了分析。本文从驱动机构、控制系统和机械设计三个方面对该系统进行了阐述。最后,通过实验和评估验证了机器人的性能,证明了其在肌肉支撑方面的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Study on Enhancing Training Efficiency of MARL for Swarm Using Transfer Learning 利用迁移学习提高群体MARL训练效率的研究
Pub Date : 2023-08-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.4.361
Seulgi Yi, Kwon-il Kim, Suk-Whoan Yoon
Swarm has recently become a critical component of offensive and defensive systems. Multi-agent reinforcement learning(MARL) empowers swarm systems to handle a wide range of scenarios. However, the main challenge lies in MARL’s scalability issue - as the number of agents increases, the performance of the learning decreases. In this study, transfer learning is applied to advanced MARL algorithm to resolve the scalability issue. Validation results show that the training efficiency has significantly improved, reducing computational time by 31 %.
蜂群最近已经成为进攻和防御系统的重要组成部分。多智能体强化学习(MARL)使群系统能够处理各种场景。然而,主要的挑战在于MARL的可扩展性问题——随着智能体数量的增加,学习的性能会下降。本研究将迁移学习应用于高级MARL算法,以解决可扩展性问题。验证结果表明,训练效率显著提高,计算时间减少31%。
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引用次数: 0
Drone based Magnetic Anomaly Detection to detect Ferromagnetic Target 基于无人机的磁异常检测方法检测铁磁目标
Pub Date : 2023-08-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.4.335
S. H. Yim, Donkyu Kim, Ji Hun Yoon, Bona Kim, Eun Seok Bang, K. Shim, Sangkyung Lee, Jong-shick Oh
Drone based Magnetic Anomaly Detection measure a magnetic anomaly signal from the ferromagnetic target on the ground. We conduct a magnetic anomaly detection with 9 ferromagnetic targets on the ground. By removing the magnetic field measured in the absence of ferromagnetic targets from the experimental value, the magnetic anomaly signal is clearly measured at an altitude of 100 m. We analyze the signal characteristics by the ferromagnetic target through simulation using COMSOL multiphysics. The simulation results are within the GPS error range of the experimental results.
基于无人机的磁异常检测是对地面铁磁目标发出的磁异常信号进行测量。利用9个地面铁磁目标进行了磁异常探测。通过将无铁磁目标时测得的磁场从实验值中剔除,在100 m高度清晰地测得磁异常信号。利用COMSOL多物理场仿真分析了铁磁目标的信号特性。仿真结果在实验结果的GPS误差范围内。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of the Effect of Deep-learning Super-resolution for Fragments Detection Performance Enhancement 深度学习超分辨率对增强碎片检测性能的影响分析
Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.3.234
Yuseok Lee
The Arena Fragmentation Test(AFT) is designed to analyze warhead performance by measuring fragmentation data. In order to evaluate the results of the AFT, a set of AFT images are captured by high-speed cameras. To detect objects in the AFT image set, ResNet-50 based Faster R-CNN is used as a detection model. However, because of the low resolution of the AFT image set, a detection model has shown low performance. To enhance the performance of the detection model, Super-resolution(SR) methods are used to increase the AFT image set resolution. To this end, The Bicubic method and three SR models: ZSSR, EDSR, and SwinIR are used. The use of SR images results in an increase in the performance of the detection model. While the increase in the number of pixels representing a fragment flame in the AFT images improves the Recall performance of the detection model, the number of pixels representing noise also increases, leading to a slight decreases in Precision performance. Consequently, the F1 score is increased by up to 9 %, demonstrating the effectiveness of SR in enhancing the performance of the detection model.
战场破片试验(AFT)设计用于通过测量破片数据来分析战斗部性能。为了评价AFT的效果,采用高速摄像机采集了一组AFT图像。为了检测AFT图像集中的对象,我们使用基于ResNet-50的Faster R-CNN作为检测模型。然而,由于AFT图像集的低分辨率,检测模型表现出较低的性能。为了提高检测模型的性能,采用超分辨率(SR)方法提高AFT图像集的分辨率。为此,我们使用了双三次方法和三种SR模型:ZSSR、EDSR和SwinIR。使用SR图像可以提高检测模型的性能。虽然AFT图像中代表碎片火焰的像素数量的增加提高了检测模型的Recall性能,但代表噪声的像素数量也增加了,导致Precision性能略有下降。因此,F1分数提高了9%,证明了SR在提高检测模型性能方面的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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