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LOS Stabilization Controller Design of EOTS and Performance Prediction Using Disturbance Model EOTS的LOS镇定控制器设计及扰动模型性能预测
Pub Date : 2023-02-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.1.072
Hong-Bin Kim, Solyi Han, J. Jang, Kibeom Song
The EOTS(Electro Optical Tracking System) must have stabilization performance to provide high-quality images under disturbance environment. In this paper, we present a controller that can minimize the LOS error and has a simple structure. Hence, to evaluate the performance of this controller, analysis in the frequency domain and LOS error measurement are performed. In order to measure the LOS error without a ‘rate table’ that requires a lot of facility investment, we propose a design method for disturbance model that considers the operating environment of the EOTS. Finally, the performance of the stabilization algorithm is evaluated by the proposed disturbance model.
光电跟踪系统必须具有稳定性能,才能在扰动环境下提供高质量的图像。在本文中,我们提出了一种结构简单且能最小化LOS误差的控制器。因此,为了评估该控制器的性能,进行了频域分析和LOS误差测量。为了在不需要大量设备投资的“速率表”的情况下测量LOS误差,我们提出了一种考虑EOTS运行环境的扰动模型设计方法。最后,利用所建立的扰动模型对该镇定算法的性能进行了评价。
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引用次数: 0
A Study on Transport and Dispersion of Chemical Agent According to Lagrangian Puff and Particle Models in NBC_RAMS 基于拉格朗日泡芙和粒子模型的化学剂在NBC_RAMS中的输运和分散研究
Pub Date : 2023-02-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.1.102
Hyeyun Ku, J. Seo, Hyunwoo Nam
This research mainly focuses on the transport and dispersion of chemical agent plume according to the Lagrangian Puff Model and Lagrangian Particle Model of NBC_RAMS(Nuclear, Biological, Chemical Reporting And Modeling S/W System). NBC_RAMS was developed with the purposes of estimating the fate of Chemical, Biological, and Radioactive(CBR) agent plumes and evaluating damages in the Republic of Korea. First, it calculates the local weather pattern, i.e. wind speed, wind direction, and temperature, by considering the effects of land uses and topography. The plume behaviors are calculated by adopting the Lagrangian Puff Model(LPFM) or Lagrangian Particle Model(LPTM). In this research, we assumed a virtual chemical agent exposure event in a stable atmospheric condition during the summer season. The plume behaviors were estimated by both LPFM and LPTM on the used area(urbanized and dry area) and the agricultural land. The higher heat flux in the used area led to stronger winds and further downward movement moving of the chemical agent than the farmland. The lateral dispersion of the chemical plume was emphasized in the Lagrangian Puff Model because it adopted Gaussian distribution.
本研究主要根据NBC_RAMS(核、生物、化学报告和建模S/W系统)的拉格朗日泡芙模型和拉格朗日粒子模型对化学剂羽流的输运和扩散进行研究。开发NBC_RAMS的目的是估计化学、生物和放射性(CBR)剂羽流的命运,并评估大韩民国的损害。首先,它通过考虑土地利用和地形的影响,计算出当地的天气模式,即风速、风向和温度。羽流行为的计算采用拉格朗日泡芙模型(LPFM)或拉格朗日粒子模型(LPTM)。在本研究中,我们假设了夏季在稳定大气条件下的虚拟化学剂暴露事件。利用LPFM和LPTM分别估算了利用区(城市化和干旱区)和农用地上的烟羽行为。与农田相比,利用区较高的热通量导致了更强的风和更大的化学剂向下移动。拉格朗日泡芙模型采用高斯分布,因此强调了化学羽流的横向弥散。
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引用次数: 0
Application of Recurrent Neural-Network based Kalman Filter for Uncertain Target Models 基于递归神经网络的卡尔曼滤波在不确定目标模型中的应用
Pub Date : 2023-02-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.1.010
Dongbeom Kim, Dae-Kyo Jeong, Jaehyuk Lim, Sawon Min, Jun Moon
For various target tracking applications, it is well known that the Kalman filter is the optimal estimator(in the minimum mean-square sense) to predict and estimate the state(position and/or velocity) of linear dynamical systems driven by Gaussian stochastic noise. In the case of nonlinear systems, Extended Kalman filter(EKF) and/or Unscented Kalman filter(UKF) are widely used, which can be viewed as approximations of the(linear) Kalman filter in the sense of the conditional expectation. However, to implement EKF and UKF, the exact dynamical model information and the statistical information of noise are still required. In this paper, we propose the recurrent neural-network based Kalman filter, where its Kalman gain is obtained via the proposed GRU-LSTM based neural-network framework that does not need the precise model information as well as the noise covariance information. By the proposed neural-network based Kalman filter, the state estimation performance is enhanced in terms of the tracking error, which is verified through various linear and nonlinear tracking problems with incomplete model and statistical covariance information.
对于各种目标跟踪应用,众所周知,卡尔曼滤波器是预测和估计由高斯随机噪声驱动的线性动力系统的状态(位置和/或速度)的最佳估计器(在最小均方意义上)。在非线性系统中,扩展卡尔曼滤波器(EKF)和/或Unscented卡尔曼滤波器(UKF)被广泛使用,它们可以被看作是条件期望意义上的(线性)卡尔曼滤波器的近似。然而,为了实现EKF和UKF,仍然需要精确的动态模型信息和噪声的统计信息。在本文中,我们提出了基于循环神经网络的卡尔曼滤波器,其卡尔曼增益是通过所提出的基于GRU-LSTM的神经网络框架获得的,该框架不需要精确的模型信息和噪声协方差信息。通过提出的基于神经网络的卡尔曼滤波器,在跟踪误差方面提高了状态估计性能,并通过各种不完全模型和统计协方差信息的线性和非线性跟踪问题进行了验证。
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引用次数: 0
A Study on the Flight Safety Analysis of Military Aircraft External Stores 军用飞机外挂飞行安全分析研究
Pub Date : 2023-02-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.1.083
Hyeonsoo Kim, Minsu Kim, Byung-joon Shin, Y. Jo
The external store fitted to the aircraft may affect the flight characteristics and flight safety of the aircraft, which requires the analyses and testing on it. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze types of failures that can affect the flight safety of aircraft due to the installation of external stores, and to check the flight safety of aircraft through dropping tests of the external stores. After identifying the types of failures that could affect the flight safety of the aircraft, the criticality was calculated to analyze the effect on the flight safety of the aircraft. Four types of failures were selected: unintentional dropping, failure of dropping, unintentional main wing deployment, and release of tail wing restraint of the external store, which are considered to affect the flight safety of the aircraft due to the operation of the external store. As a result of the aircraft's flight safety analysis on the failure types, the criticality requirements were met. Based on this, after obtaining the airworthiness certification, the drop test was successfully performed to confirm the flight safety of the aircraft by mounting an external store on the aircraft. However, in addition to the four hazards carried out in this study, the real external stores of the military aircraft may have various factors affecting the flight safety of the aircraft, so further research will be needed.
安装在飞机上的外挂可能会影响飞机的飞行特性和飞行安全,需要对其进行分析和测试。本研究的目的是识别和分析由于外挂装置可能影响飞机飞行安全的故障类型,并通过外挂装置的跌落试验来检验飞机的飞行安全。在确定可能影响飞机飞行安全的故障类型后,计算临界度,分析其对飞机飞行安全的影响。选择了4种类型的故障,分别是:意外掉落、意外掉落、意外展开主翼、意外释放尾翼约束的外储物架,这些故障被认为是由于外储物架的运行影响飞机的飞行安全。通过对故障类型的飞行安全分析,达到了飞机的临界要求。在此基础上,在获得适航审定后,通过在飞机上安装外部储存库进行了成功的跌落试验,以确认飞机的飞行安全性。然而,除了本研究中所进行的四种危害外,军用飞机的真实外部储存可能还有各种影响飞机飞行安全的因素,因此需要进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Development of VHF-Band Conformal Antenna for UAV Mounting 无人机安装用甚高频共形天线的研制
Pub Date : 2023-02-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.1.054
Euntae Jung, Juhyun Lee, Jin-Hyun Park, Byunggil Yu, Kichul Kim, Jaesoo Jung
In this paper, a VHF band conformal antenna for UAV mounting was developed. The proposed antenna was designed as an shape-adaptive structure by minimizing the antenna height to be advantageous in RCS reduction performance. As for the antenna radiator, the outer radiator was arranged around the inner radiator to apply the CRLH zeroth-order resonance structure. With this structure, the height of the antenna was minimized, and it was reduced by about 70 % compared to the existing blade antenna. In addition, for impedance matching, the intermediate frequency bandwidth of the VHF band was improved through the sleeve pin of the inner radiator, and the low frequency bandwidth of the VHF band was improved by applying an EMI shielding gasket to the shorting pin of the outer radiator. The proposed antenna was manufactured and measured to verify the performance of the device and the performance after UAV mounting. As a result, the standard was satisfied for the operating frequency.
研制了一种用于无人机挂载的甚高频共形天线。该天线被设计为一种形状自适应结构,通过最小化天线高度来提高天线的RCS减小性能。天线辐射器采用外辐射器环绕内辐射器,采用CRLH零阶谐振结构。采用这种结构,天线的高度被最小化,与现有的叶片天线相比,天线的高度降低了约70%。此外,在阻抗匹配方面,通过内散热器的套筒引脚提高了VHF频段的中频带宽,通过在外散热器的短引脚上施加EMI屏蔽垫片提高了VHF频段的低频带宽。制作并测量了该天线,验证了该装置的性能和无人机安装后的性能。结果表明,工作频率满足标准要求。
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引用次数: 0
Camouflaged Adversarial Patch Attack on Object Detector 对目标检测器的伪装对抗补丁攻击
Pub Date : 2023-02-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.1.044
Jeong-Soo Kim, Hunmin Yang, Se-Yoon Oh
Adversarial attacks have received great attentions for their capacity to distract state-of-the-art neural networks by modifying objects in physical domain. Patch-based attack especially have got much attention for its optimization effectiveness and feasible adaptation to any objects to attack neural network-based object detectors. However, despite their strong attack performance, generated patches are strongly perceptible for humans, violating the fundamental assumption of adversarial examples. In this paper, we propose a camouflaged adversarial patch optimization method using military camouflage assessment metrics for naturalistic patch attacks. We also investigate camouflaged attack loss functions, applications of various camouflaged patches on army tank images, and validate the proposed approach with extensive experiments attacking Yolov5 detection model. Our methods produce more natural and realistic looking camouflaged patches while achieving competitive performance.
对抗性攻击能够通过改变物理域内的物体来分散最先进的神经网络,因此受到了广泛的关注。特别是基于补丁的攻击以其优化的有效性和对任意目标的适应性而受到了广泛的关注。然而,尽管它们具有很强的攻击性能,但生成的补丁对人类来说是很强的可感知性,这违反了对抗性示例的基本假设。在本文中,我们提出了一种基于军事伪装评估指标的伪装对抗补丁优化方法。我们还研究了伪装攻击损失函数,各种伪装补丁在陆军坦克图像上的应用,并通过攻击Yolov5检测模型的大量实验验证了所提出的方法。我们的方法产生更自然和逼真的伪装补丁,同时实现竞争性能。
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引用次数: 1
Target Tracking based on Kernelized Correlation Filter Using MWIR and SWIR Sensors 基于核相关滤波器的MWIR和SWIR传感器目标跟踪
Pub Date : 2023-02-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.1.022
Sun-Gu Sun, Yu-Ra Lee, Daekyo Seo
When tracking small UAVs and drone targets in cloud clutter environments, MWIR sensors are often unable to track targets continuously. To overcome this problem, the SWIR sensor is mounted on the same gimbal. Target tracking uses sensor information fusion or selectively applies information from each sensor. In this case, parallax correction using the target distance is often used. However, it is difficult to apply the existing method to small UAVs and drone targets because the laser rangefinder's beam divergence angle is small, making it difficult to measure the distance. We propose a tracking method which needs not parallax correction of sensors. In the method, images from MWIR and SWIR sensors are captured simultaneously and a tracking error for gimbal driving is chosen by effectiveness measure. In order to prove the method, tracking performance was demonstrated for UAVs and drone targets in the real sky background using MWIR and SWIR image sensors.
当在云杂波环境中跟踪小型无人机和无人机目标时,MWIR传感器往往无法连续跟踪目标。为了克服这个问题,SWIR传感器被安装在同一个云台上。目标跟踪采用传感器信息融合或选择性地应用每个传感器的信息。在这种情况下,经常使用使用目标距离的视差校正。然而,由于激光测距仪光束发散角小,难以测量距离,现有方法难以应用于小型无人机和无人机目标。提出了一种不需要传感器视差校正的跟踪方法。该方法同时捕获MWIR和SWIR传感器的图像,并通过有效性度量选择框架驱动的跟踪误差。为了验证该方法的有效性,利用MWIR和SWIR图像传感器对无人机和无人机目标在真实天空背景下的跟踪性能进行了验证。
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引用次数: 0
Squib Ignition and Status Check Circuits Design for Compact Embedded Systems in Guided Missiles 制导导弹中小型嵌入式系统的哑炮点火和状态检测电路设计
Pub Date : 2023-02-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.1.064
W. Kim, K. Ahn, M. Lee
In the recent defence industries, it is required to develop the small and low cost embedded systems for guided missiles. According to the characteristics of guided missiles, the mission is conducted with multiple phases, which include a squib activation phase. By considering the unexpected squib activation, the squib system should be disabled after the launch of a guided missile. Therefore, the squib system needs to include the functions of the safe ignition and status check. This paper presents the squib ignition and status check circuits design for the compact embedded systems in guided missiles. Validation results show that for the functions of the squib ignition and status check, the presented circuits design performs well. The designed circuits also were implemented with various electronic devices and validated by the ground and flight tests.
在最近的国防工业中,需要开发用于制导导弹的小型低成本嵌入式系统。根据制导导弹的特点,任务分多个阶段进行,其中包括一个哑炮激活阶段。考虑到意外的哑炮激活,应在导弹发射后停用哑炮系统。因此,哑炮系统需要具备安全点火和状态检测功能。本文介绍了用于制导导弹的小型嵌入式系统的哑炮点火和状态检测电路的设计。验证结果表明,所设计的电路具有良好的点火和状态检测功能。设计的电路还在各种电子设备上实现,并通过地面和飞行试验进行了验证。
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引用次数: 0
Fatigue Life Prediction for the Skin Structures of Aircraft Sensor Pod Under Acoustic Load with Mean Stress 平均应力声载荷下飞机传感器吊舱蒙皮结构疲劳寿命预测
Pub Date : 2023-02-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.1.001
Min-Hyeok Jeon, Yeonyong Kim, Hyunjoong Cho, Mi-Yeon Lee, Inkyom Kim, Han-Kyul Lee, Jae Myung Cho, J. Bae, K. Park
The skin structure of sensor pod mounted on the exterior of aircraft can be exposed to the acoustic dynamic load and static load such as aerodynamic pressure and inertial load during flight. Fatigue life prediction of structural model under acoustic load should be performed and also differential stiffness of model modified by static load should be considered. The acoustic noise test spectrum of MIL-STD-810G was applied to the structural model and the stress response power spectral density (PSD) was calculated. The frequency response analysis was performed with or without prestress induced by inplane static load, and the response spectrum was compared. Time series data was generated using the calculated PSD, and the time and frequency domain fatigue life were predicted and compared. The variation of stress response spectrum due to static load and predicted fatigue life according to the different structural model considering mean stress were examined and decreasing fatigue life was observed in the model with prestress of compressive static load.
安装在飞机外部的传感器吊舱蒙皮结构在飞行过程中会受到气动压力、惯性载荷等声动载荷和静载荷的影响。对结构模型进行声载荷作用下的疲劳寿命预测,并考虑静载荷作用下模型的微分刚度。将MIL-STD-810G的噪声测试谱应用于结构模型,计算应力响应功率谱密度(PSD)。对面内静载施加预应力或不施加预应力时的频率响应进行了分析,并对响应谱进行了比较。利用计算得到的PSD生成时间序列数据,对疲劳寿命进行时频域预测和比较。研究了考虑平均应力的不同结构模型在静载作用下的应力响应谱变化和预测疲劳寿命,发现在压缩静载下施加预应力的模型疲劳寿命减小。
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引用次数: 0
A Study on the Flight Safety Analysis of Military Aircraft External Stores 军用飞机外挂飞行安全分析研究
Pub Date : 2023-02-05 DOI: 10.9766/kimst.2023.26.1.83
Hyeonsoo Kim, Minsu Kim, Byungjoon Shin, Younghee Jo
The external store fitted to the aircraft may affect the flight characteristics and flight safety of the aircraft, which requires the analyses and testing on it. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze types of failures that can affect the flight safety of aircraft due to the installation of external stores, and to check the flight safety of aircraft through dropping tests of the external stores. After identifying the types of failures that could affect the flight safety of the aircraft, the criticality was calculated to analyze the effect on the flight safety of the aircraft. Four types of failures were selected: unintentional dropping, failure of dropping, unintentional main wing deployment, and release of tail wing restraint of the external store, which are considered to affect the flight safety of the aircraft due to the operation of the external store. As a result of the aircraft's flight safety analysis on the failure types, the criticality requirements were met. Based on this, after obtaining the airworthiness certification, the drop test was successfully performed to confirm the flight safety of the aircraft by mounting an external store on the aircraft. However, in addition to the four hazards carried out in this study, the real external stores of the military aircraft may have various factors affecting the flight safety of the aircraft, so further research will be needed.
安装在飞机上的外挂可能会影响飞机的飞行特性和飞行安全,需要对其进行分析和测试。本研究的目的是识别和分析由于外挂装置可能影响飞机飞行安全的故障类型,并通过外挂装置的跌落试验来检验飞机的飞行安全。在确定可能影响飞机飞行安全的故障类型后,计算临界度,分析其对飞机飞行安全的影响。选择了4种类型的故障,分别是:意外掉落、意外掉落、意外展开主翼、意外释放尾翼约束的外储物架,这些故障被认为是由于外储物架的运行影响飞机的飞行安全。通过对故障类型的飞行安全分析,达到了飞机的临界要求。在此基础上,在获得适航审定后,通过在飞机上安装外部储存库进行了成功的跌落试验,以确认飞机的飞行安全性。然而,除了本研究中所进行的四种危害外,军用飞机的真实外部储存可能还有各种影响飞机飞行安全的因素,因此需要进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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