Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.1080/02533839.2023.2204938
T. Phan, Nguyen Van Hieu, Jing-Jenn Lin, Hsing-Ju Wu, P. Chu, C. Hsiao, Fiona Yan-Dong Yao, Yung-Kai Lin, C. Ching
ABSTRACT Ketamine is an anesthetic, which when used wrongly would affect judgment and behavior, increasing risks to individual such as unwanted or risky sexual behavior. This study reports the development of an admittance- and capacitance-spectroscopy-based sensor to detect ketamine in solution, such as whiskey, a popular alcoholic drink. The result confirms the proposed method is capable of detecting the presence of ketamine in whiskey, in concentration as low as 6.25 ng/μL, by using admittance and capacitance measured at 6.75 MHz, as well as quantifying the measured admittance (sensitivity: 300 μΩ−1/Log (ng/μL); limit of detection (LOD): 0.16 ng/μL) or capacitance data (sensitivity: 2 nF/Log (ng/μL); LOD: 0.73 ng/μL) at 18 kHz and 7.69 MHz, respectively.
{"title":"An enzyme-free interdigitated electrode for ketamine detection","authors":"T. Phan, Nguyen Van Hieu, Jing-Jenn Lin, Hsing-Ju Wu, P. Chu, C. Hsiao, Fiona Yan-Dong Yao, Yung-Kai Lin, C. Ching","doi":"10.1080/02533839.2023.2204938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2023.2204938","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Ketamine is an anesthetic, which when used wrongly would affect judgment and behavior, increasing risks to individual such as unwanted or risky sexual behavior. This study reports the development of an admittance- and capacitance-spectroscopy-based sensor to detect ketamine in solution, such as whiskey, a popular alcoholic drink. The result confirms the proposed method is capable of detecting the presence of ketamine in whiskey, in concentration as low as 6.25 ng/μL, by using admittance and capacitance measured at 6.75 MHz, as well as quantifying the measured admittance (sensitivity: 300 μΩ−1/Log (ng/μL); limit of detection (LOD): 0.16 ng/μL) or capacitance data (sensitivity: 2 nF/Log (ng/μL); LOD: 0.73 ng/μL) at 18 kHz and 7.69 MHz, respectively.","PeriodicalId":17313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers","volume":"50 1","pages":"441 - 452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73343527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.1080/02533839.2023.2204883
Y. Tsai, Kuan-Hong Lin, Chun-Sheng Chen
ABSTRACT Tolerance designing is a critical job for the assemblies to ensure their precision and functions. Tolerance design must consider manufacturing capability for ensuring the feasibility of the designs in the following processing. This paper presents the available methods of determining tolerance sizes and tolerance analysis to improve assembly precision. An injection mold consisting of hundreds of parts is used as an example to depict the methods of tolerance designing. The precision grades and the corresponding tolerance ranges applied in engineering fits are introduced for giving reasonable tolerances in designing. The defect rates of the designed tolerances to the machining precisions are investigated for observing the effects of manufacturing capabilities. An approach based on block assembly is proposed for eliminating tolerance stack-up, as well as improving assembly precision. The assembly tolerances can be reduced from 0.071 to 0.032 mm by using the proposed method, and the defect rates in manufacturing can be improved from 9.05% to 0.02%. It means that a larger range of tolerances can be designed to meet the specifications, as well as reduce the manufacturing costs.
{"title":"A study of tolerance allocation and stack-up analysis to improve the assembly precision of an injection mold","authors":"Y. Tsai, Kuan-Hong Lin, Chun-Sheng Chen","doi":"10.1080/02533839.2023.2204883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2023.2204883","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tolerance designing is a critical job for the assemblies to ensure their precision and functions. Tolerance design must consider manufacturing capability for ensuring the feasibility of the designs in the following processing. This paper presents the available methods of determining tolerance sizes and tolerance analysis to improve assembly precision. An injection mold consisting of hundreds of parts is used as an example to depict the methods of tolerance designing. The precision grades and the corresponding tolerance ranges applied in engineering fits are introduced for giving reasonable tolerances in designing. The defect rates of the designed tolerances to the machining precisions are investigated for observing the effects of manufacturing capabilities. An approach based on block assembly is proposed for eliminating tolerance stack-up, as well as improving assembly precision. The assembly tolerances can be reduced from 0.071 to 0.032 mm by using the proposed method, and the defect rates in manufacturing can be improved from 9.05% to 0.02%. It means that a larger range of tolerances can be designed to meet the specifications, as well as reduce the manufacturing costs.","PeriodicalId":17313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers","volume":"19 1","pages":"479 - 489"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75018814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.1080/02533839.2023.2204911
Ying Wang, Zheng Yan, Yang-Yang Wu, K. Hu
ABSTRACT In engineering, the failure of bolted connector is mainly caused by multi-axis non-proportional fretting fatigue damage. A three-dimensional finite element model of bolted connector is established in this paper, and a damage constitutive model suitable for multi-axial fatigue analysis is established based on the critical plane SWT (Smith Watson-Topper) method and continuous damage mechanics theory. A material subroutine UMAT is developed to describe the damage model and realizes the visualization of the damage evolution process caused by the fretting fatigue effect. Based on the test, the validity of the program is verified, the fretting fatigue characteristics and damage evolution characteristics of the bolted connector are analyzed. The results show that (i) the damage evolution analysis method can make up for the deficiency that the critical plane SWT method is only used for simple components and can be applied to the damage evolution analysis and fatigue life evaluation of three-dimensional complex structures. (ii) The crack initiation position of the connecting plate does not change with the magnitude of the tensile load and pre tightening force. In the process of losing the bolt preload from 1 to 0.8 times, the connected parts will be damaged faster as the preload 20 decreases.
{"title":"Numerical simulation of damage evolution of bolted connectors considering fretting fatigue effect","authors":"Ying Wang, Zheng Yan, Yang-Yang Wu, K. Hu","doi":"10.1080/02533839.2023.2204911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2023.2204911","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In engineering, the failure of bolted connector is mainly caused by multi-axis non-proportional fretting fatigue damage. A three-dimensional finite element model of bolted connector is established in this paper, and a damage constitutive model suitable for multi-axial fatigue analysis is established based on the critical plane SWT (Smith Watson-Topper) method and continuous damage mechanics theory. A material subroutine UMAT is developed to describe the damage model and realizes the visualization of the damage evolution process caused by the fretting fatigue effect. Based on the test, the validity of the program is verified, the fretting fatigue characteristics and damage evolution characteristics of the bolted connector are analyzed. The results show that (i) the damage evolution analysis method can make up for the deficiency that the critical plane SWT method is only used for simple components and can be applied to the damage evolution analysis and fatigue life evaluation of three-dimensional complex structures. (ii) The crack initiation position of the connecting plate does not change with the magnitude of the tensile load and pre tightening force. In the process of losing the bolt preload from 1 to 0.8 times, the connected parts will be damaged faster as the preload 20 decreases.","PeriodicalId":17313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers","volume":"4 1","pages":"504 - 518"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82263607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.1080/02533839.2023.2204880
Y. Jou, R. M. Silitonga, R. Sukwadi
ABSTRACT Technologies such as machine learning, big data, and Industry 4.0 have become the trends in the development of science and technology in various countries in recent years. This research hopes to establish a predictive model through data analysis to help die-casting plants determine whether there are defects in the castings and improve the production competitiveness of domestic die-casting plants. Data was taken from the domestic automobile industry and used actual production data as the basis for analysis. In this study, relevant parameters of die-casting manufacturing as independent variables were chosen and determined whether there were defects in the castings as strain numbers. Afterward, the researchers constructed Artificial Neural Network, Support Vector Machines, and Random Forests as three prediction models. Three prediction models with the Taguchi Methods are used to find the best parameter configuration of each model. AUC (Area Under Curve)- Receiver Operating-Characteristic (ROC) evaluates the strength and weaknesses of the three models and, in the end, finds the most suitable network prediction model.
近年来，机器学习、大数据、工业4.0等技术已成为各国科技发展的趋势。本研究希望通过数据分析建立预测模型，帮助压铸企业判断铸件是否存在缺陷，提高国内压铸企业的生产竞争力。数据取自国内汽车行业，并以实际生产数据作为分析基础。本研究选取压铸件制造的相关参数作为自变量，以应变数确定铸件是否存在缺陷。随后，研究人员构建了人工神经网络、支持向量机和随机森林三种预测模型。利用田口方法对三个预测模型进行了分析，找出了每个模型的最佳参数配置。AUC (Area Under Curve)- Receiver Operating-Characteristic (ROC)对三种模型的优缺点进行评价，最终找到最适合的网络预测模型。
{"title":"A study on the construction of die-casting production prediction model by machine learning with Taguchi methods","authors":"Y. Jou, R. M. Silitonga, R. Sukwadi","doi":"10.1080/02533839.2023.2204880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2023.2204880","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Technologies such as machine learning, big data, and Industry 4.0 have become the trends in the development of science and technology in various countries in recent years. This research hopes to establish a predictive model through data analysis to help die-casting plants determine whether there are defects in the castings and improve the production competitiveness of domestic die-casting plants. Data was taken from the domestic automobile industry and used actual production data as the basis for analysis. In this study, relevant parameters of die-casting manufacturing as independent variables were chosen and determined whether there were defects in the castings as strain numbers. Afterward, the researchers constructed Artificial Neural Network, Support Vector Machines, and Random Forests as three prediction models. Three prediction models with the Taguchi Methods are used to find the best parameter configuration of each model. AUC (Area Under Curve)- Receiver Operating-Characteristic (ROC) evaluates the strength and weaknesses of the three models and, in the end, finds the most suitable network prediction model.","PeriodicalId":17313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers","volume":"18 1","pages":"540 - 550"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90315711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT As the foundation of intelligent cities, many intelligent sensors require energy to support their work, such as batteries. Harnessing energy from the environment or human movement is a viable solution to this issue. The device which collects this part of energy and convert it into electric energy, can supply electricity to electrical appliances. This research proposes a human kinetic energy collection device based on a direct current triboelectric nanogenerator. Compared to the traditional TENG, the spinning energy collector triboelectric nanogenerator (SEC-TENG) can directly output direct current without a rectifier unit. By combining the SEC-TENG with the rack and pinion mechanism, the vertical motion can convert into rotary motion to drive the SEC-TENG to generate electric energy. The best-matched impedance of the device is 1 MΩ, and the device has a power generation performance of 450 V open circuit voltage and 11 µA short circuit current at a rotational speed of 300 r/min. The device can collect the kinetic energy of human footsteps and pedaling actions as a power generation roadbed, which provides electricity to the sensors on the roadside. It provides a potential energy supply plan for constructing intelligent cities.
{"title":"A power generation roadbed based on direct current triboelectric nanogenerators for human kinetic energy harvesting","authors":"Baichuan Shan, Changxin Liu, Nanxi Chen, Jianhao Liu, H. Sui, Huaan Li, Guangyi Xing, Runhe Chen","doi":"10.1080/02533839.2023.2204930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2023.2204930","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As the foundation of intelligent cities, many intelligent sensors require energy to support their work, such as batteries. Harnessing energy from the environment or human movement is a viable solution to this issue. The device which collects this part of energy and convert it into electric energy, can supply electricity to electrical appliances. This research proposes a human kinetic energy collection device based on a direct current triboelectric nanogenerator. Compared to the traditional TENG, the spinning energy collector triboelectric nanogenerator (SEC-TENG) can directly output direct current without a rectifier unit. By combining the SEC-TENG with the rack and pinion mechanism, the vertical motion can convert into rotary motion to drive the SEC-TENG to generate electric energy. The best-matched impedance of the device is 1 MΩ, and the device has a power generation performance of 450 V open circuit voltage and 11 µA short circuit current at a rotational speed of 300 r/min. The device can collect the kinetic energy of human footsteps and pedaling actions as a power generation roadbed, which provides electricity to the sensors on the roadside. It provides a potential energy supply plan for constructing intelligent cities.","PeriodicalId":17313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers","volume":"71 1","pages":"453 - 463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74887862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-25DOI: 10.1080/02533839.2023.2204903
Huichao Lv, Yanhong Shen, Baoli Li, Dayong Tian
ABSTRACT Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are artificial intelligence tools, and pattern search (PS) is a method for solving optimization problems. Although these two technologies have been extensively used in the chemical and engineering fields, they have limitations. This study proposes a methodology based on a hybrid of ANN technology and PS method to investigate the solution behavior of carbon dioxide (CO2). Five CO2-ester binary systems are selected as the model systems to demonstrate the point of interest. The results reveal that this methodology can overcome the defects of the two technologies and develop their advantages, thereby providing a satisfactory description of the solubility data of CO2 in these esters. The proposed methodology can be applied to a series of CO2 binary systems and is helpful in selecting a suitable absorbent for CO2 capture technology.
{"title":"Investigating the solution behavior of CO2 in ester based on a hybrid of ANN technology and PS method","authors":"Huichao Lv, Yanhong Shen, Baoli Li, Dayong Tian","doi":"10.1080/02533839.2023.2204903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2023.2204903","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are artificial intelligence tools, and pattern search (PS) is a method for solving optimization problems. Although these two technologies have been extensively used in the chemical and engineering fields, they have limitations. This study proposes a methodology based on a hybrid of ANN technology and PS method to investigate the solution behavior of carbon dioxide (CO2). Five CO2-ester binary systems are selected as the model systems to demonstrate the point of interest. The results reveal that this methodology can overcome the defects of the two technologies and develop their advantages, thereby providing a satisfactory description of the solubility data of CO2 in these esters. The proposed methodology can be applied to a series of CO2 binary systems and is helpful in selecting a suitable absorbent for CO2 capture technology.","PeriodicalId":17313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers","volume":"3 1","pages":"528 - 539"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84174087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-13DOI: 10.1080/02533839.2023.2194918
R. Sharma, S. Palli, S. Sharma
ABSTRACT In this paper, a twenty-one degrees of freedom mathematical model of a railway vehicle is formulated, considering its main components (i.e. carbody, bolster, bogie frame, and wheel axle) as rigid for the rigid body analysis of ride behavior of the vehicle. The ride comfort of the vehicle is analyzed and optimized using ISO 2631 criteria. Further, vertical flexibility of the carbody is accounted for with few modifications in the model, and the effect of vertical stiffness on ride behavior is analyzed and compared with a rigid carbody analysis using the Spering ride index. The carbody bending frequencies are investigated using the covariance method, and it is found that the reduction in stiffness of carbody beyond a specific frequency introduces significant carbody acceleration and declines the vehicle ride. The increased carbody bending frequencies can achieve higher vehicle speed and adequate isolation from track excitations.
{"title":"Ride analysis of railway vehicle considering rigidity and flexibility of the carbody","authors":"R. Sharma, S. Palli, S. Sharma","doi":"10.1080/02533839.2023.2194918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2023.2194918","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this paper, a twenty-one degrees of freedom mathematical model of a railway vehicle is formulated, considering its main components (i.e. carbody, bolster, bogie frame, and wheel axle) as rigid for the rigid body analysis of ride behavior of the vehicle. The ride comfort of the vehicle is analyzed and optimized using ISO 2631 criteria. Further, vertical flexibility of the carbody is accounted for with few modifications in the model, and the effect of vertical stiffness on ride behavior is analyzed and compared with a rigid carbody analysis using the Spering ride index. The carbody bending frequencies are investigated using the covariance method, and it is found that the reduction in stiffness of carbody beyond a specific frequency introduces significant carbody acceleration and declines the vehicle ride. The increased carbody bending frequencies can achieve higher vehicle speed and adequate isolation from track excitations.","PeriodicalId":17313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers","volume":"7 1","pages":"355 - 366"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82617569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-13DOI: 10.1080/02533839.2023.2194674
A. K. R., J. R. Raja Dhas
ABSTRACT Job shop scheduling is a highly nondeterministic polynomial combinatorial issue. In this regard, optimization is essential for reducing the time consumed to perform a task. This research paper proposes an evolved social spider optimization method to deal with the job shop scheduling problem. The evolved social spider optimization method was developed by combining both the differential evolutionary and the social spider optimizations. The key proposal is to minimize the makespan time and solve Job shop scheduling problems to improve productivity. The differential evolutionary algorithm is integrated into the spider position update to boost the exploration capabilities of the social spider optimization algorithm. The time taken for ‘‘i’ jobs and ‘‘j’ machines to perform their tasks is studied. Consequently, 23 benchmark problems were prosperously studied utilizing the proposed techniques, and the computational results were compared with previous Meta heuristics methods. An all-inclusive comparison process was carried out to rate the efficiency of the existing optimization techniques in solving job shop scheduling problems. The proposed method of evolved social spider optimization has emerged as the most promising methodology in solving the job shop scheduling problem by consuming minimum makespan time.
{"title":"Solving a job shop scheduling problem","authors":"A. K. R., J. R. Raja Dhas","doi":"10.1080/02533839.2023.2194674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2023.2194674","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Job shop scheduling is a highly nondeterministic polynomial combinatorial issue. In this regard, optimization is essential for reducing the time consumed to perform a task. This research paper proposes an evolved social spider optimization method to deal with the job shop scheduling problem. The evolved social spider optimization method was developed by combining both the differential evolutionary and the social spider optimizations. The key proposal is to minimize the makespan time and solve Job shop scheduling problems to improve productivity. The differential evolutionary algorithm is integrated into the spider position update to boost the exploration capabilities of the social spider optimization algorithm. The time taken for ‘‘i’ jobs and ‘‘j’ machines to perform their tasks is studied. Consequently, 23 benchmark problems were prosperously studied utilizing the proposed techniques, and the computational results were compared with previous Meta heuristics methods. An all-inclusive comparison process was carried out to rate the efficiency of the existing optimization techniques in solving job shop scheduling problems. The proposed method of evolved social spider optimization has emerged as the most promising methodology in solving the job shop scheduling problem by consuming minimum makespan time.","PeriodicalId":17313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers","volume":"1 1","pages":"315 - 330"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87767324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-08DOI: 10.1080/02533839.2023.2194921
S. Yan, Chun-Yi Wang, Chih-Shien Wei
ABSTRACT We develop modeling strategies to alleviate the shortage of police manpower in a stochastic environment, based on flexible manpower supply planning using off-duty police officers and mutual support between police stations, along with flexible working hours and shifts. A stochastic independent assignment model (SIAM) and a stochastic mutual support model (SMSM) are constructed for manpower supply planning for regular policing duties with stochastic demands. These models are designed using mathematical programming techniques to minimize total manpower supply hours, subject to practical constraints. The SIAM is solved using CPLEX, but the SMSM is too complicated for this approach, so we develop our own heuristic algorithm to solve it efficiently. Additionally, we use the expected value of perfect information (EVPI) and the value of the stochastic solution (VSS) to evaluate the stochastic models. Numerical test results indicate that both models perform well, but the SMSM produces better manpower plans for police than the SIAM.
{"title":"Police manpower supply planning for regular duties with stochastic demands","authors":"S. Yan, Chun-Yi Wang, Chih-Shien Wei","doi":"10.1080/02533839.2023.2194921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2023.2194921","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We develop modeling strategies to alleviate the shortage of police manpower in a stochastic environment, based on flexible manpower supply planning using off-duty police officers and mutual support between police stations, along with flexible working hours and shifts. A stochastic independent assignment model (SIAM) and a stochastic mutual support model (SMSM) are constructed for manpower supply planning for regular policing duties with stochastic demands. These models are designed using mathematical programming techniques to minimize total manpower supply hours, subject to practical constraints. The SIAM is solved using CPLEX, but the SMSM is too complicated for this approach, so we develop our own heuristic algorithm to solve it efficiently. Additionally, we use the expected value of perfect information (EVPI) and the value of the stochastic solution (VSS) to evaluate the stochastic models. Numerical test results indicate that both models perform well, but the SMSM produces better manpower plans for police than the SIAM.","PeriodicalId":17313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers","volume":"15 1","pages":"409 - 419"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74082501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.1080/02533839.2023.2194911
Dineshkumar J, Jesudas T
ABSTRACT The maximal exploitation of naturally existing resources for the synthesis of polymers can be an apparent choice when environmental and economic concerns are taken into account in enterprises producing new generations of hybrid polymers. Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) is one of the most promising alternatives for incorporating it as an additive into epoxy resin due to the availability of similar functional groups in both CNSL and epoxy for an identical or even superior set of performance characteristics. A novel hybrid polymer cast (HPC) has been developed by mixing different weight percentages of epoxy and CNSL along with 2.5 wt.% of Al particles as reinforcement and amine-based hardener. The mechanical and thermal behaviors have been examined using Scanning Electron Microscope, Thermogravimetric analysis, Universal Testing Machine, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The availability of the functional groups of CNSL and epoxy has been confirmed using SEM-EDS and FTIR. Mechanical characterization of the HPC with 30 wt.% CNSL reveals higher flexural strength, strain rate, and impact strength than other HPCs. When adding Al particles, the brittle behavior decreases due to the enhancement of bonding. Thermal analysis of HPC with 40 wt.% of CNSL exhibits lower residual mass without affecting its thermal stability.
{"title":"Hybrid polymer matrix development using cashew nut shell liquid as an additive into epoxy resin","authors":"Dineshkumar J, Jesudas T","doi":"10.1080/02533839.2023.2194911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2023.2194911","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The maximal exploitation of naturally existing resources for the synthesis of polymers can be an apparent choice when environmental and economic concerns are taken into account in enterprises producing new generations of hybrid polymers. Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) is one of the most promising alternatives for incorporating it as an additive into epoxy resin due to the availability of similar functional groups in both CNSL and epoxy for an identical or even superior set of performance characteristics. A novel hybrid polymer cast (HPC) has been developed by mixing different weight percentages of epoxy and CNSL along with 2.5 wt.% of Al particles as reinforcement and amine-based hardener. The mechanical and thermal behaviors have been examined using Scanning Electron Microscope, Thermogravimetric analysis, Universal Testing Machine, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The availability of the functional groups of CNSL and epoxy has been confirmed using SEM-EDS and FTIR. Mechanical characterization of the HPC with 30 wt.% CNSL reveals higher flexural strength, strain rate, and impact strength than other HPCs. When adding Al particles, the brittle behavior decreases due to the enhancement of bonding. Thermal analysis of HPC with 40 wt.% of CNSL exhibits lower residual mass without affecting its thermal stability.","PeriodicalId":17313,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers","volume":"2 1","pages":"380 - 388"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79502210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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