In this study, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/poly(acrylonitrile styrene acrylate) (ASA)/ organophilic montmorillonite (o-MMT) nanocomposites were prepared and the effects of o-MMT content on the properties of PVC/ASA blends were investigated. Surface morphology studies of the o-MMT containing blends were also performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal stability, mechanical properties and water absorption percentage of the nanocomposites were studied. TGA test results showed that o-MMT inclusion enhanced the thermal stability of PVC/ASA/o-MMT nanocomposites and the Td 50 decomposition temperature increased by 7.5 ˚ C when the o-MMT content is 10 wt%. The tensile strength value of the neat blend was obtained as 32.51 MPa and found to increase as 36.01 MPa when the o-MMT content is 6 wt% in the system. The water absorption test results demonstrated that the water-resistance of the samples enhanced as the o-MMT content increased. Moreover, PVC/ASA blends experienced a significant increase in the contact angle by the presence of hydrophobic o-MMT. The weathering test results demonstrate that the PVC/ASA/o-MMT nanocomposite films can be used for outdoor applications without losing their properties too much.
{"title":"Effect of o-MMT content on properties of Poly (vinyl chloride)/Poly (acrylonitrile styrene acrylate) blends","authors":"Yunus Emre Kökçan, Yasemin Tamer","doi":"10.18596/jotcsa.635095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.635095","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/poly(acrylonitrile styrene acrylate) (ASA)/ organophilic montmorillonite (o-MMT) nanocomposites were prepared and the effects of o-MMT content on the properties of PVC/ASA blends were investigated. Surface morphology studies of the o-MMT containing blends were also performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal stability, mechanical properties and water absorption percentage of the nanocomposites were studied. TGA test results showed that o-MMT inclusion enhanced the thermal stability of PVC/ASA/o-MMT nanocomposites and the Td 50 decomposition temperature increased by 7.5 ˚ C when the o-MMT content is 10 wt%. The tensile strength value of the neat blend was obtained as 32.51 MPa and found to increase as 36.01 MPa when the o-MMT content is 6 wt% in the system. The water absorption test results demonstrated that the water-resistance of the samples enhanced as the o-MMT content increased. Moreover, PVC/ASA blends experienced a significant increase in the contact angle by the presence of hydrophobic o-MMT. The weathering test results demonstrate that the PVC/ASA/o-MMT nanocomposite films can be used for outdoor applications without losing their properties too much.","PeriodicalId":17402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society, Section A: Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48658416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Badr Malek, Imane Bahammou, Omar Zimou, Achraf El Hallaoui, R. Ghailane, S. Boukhris, A. Souizi
The synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives were heterogeneously catalyzed by phosphate-based catalyst fertilizers, MAP, DAP, or TSP. The reaction affords the desired products in excellent yields at ambient temperature. A series of studies were conducted to investigate the effect of solvent reaction, its volume, and catalyst amount. A study of the recyclability of catalysts removed from the reaction mixture by simple filtration was also carried out to find that the three phosphate-based catalysts retain their catalytic activities up to six cycles.
{"title":"Eco-friendly Synthesis of Quinoxaline Derivatives Using Mineral Fertilizers as Heterogeneous Catalysts","authors":"Badr Malek, Imane Bahammou, Omar Zimou, Achraf El Hallaoui, R. Ghailane, S. Boukhris, A. Souizi","doi":"10.18596/jotcsa.577101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.577101","url":null,"abstract":"The synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives were heterogeneously catalyzed by phosphate-based catalyst fertilizers, MAP, DAP, or TSP. The reaction affords the desired products in excellent yields at ambient temperature. A series of studies were conducted to investigate the effect of solvent reaction, its volume, and catalyst amount. A study of the recyclability of catalysts removed from the reaction mixture by simple filtration was also carried out to find that the three phosphate-based catalysts retain their catalytic activities up to six cycles.","PeriodicalId":17402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society, Section A: Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49494386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present study, bioremediation potentials of indigenous bacteria ( Corynebacterium Kutsceri ) in the treatment of tannery effluent was investigated. Industrial tannery effluent samples from Mamuda Tannery Industries in Challawa Industrial estate, Kano State, Nigeria were collected for a period of six months ( August 2017 to January 2018) for the experiment. Bacteria were isolated from the effluents using Serial Dilution, immobilized on agar-agar and biochemical tests were carried out to identify the bacteria. Different masses (5g, 10g, 15g, 20g, and 25g) of the identified bacteria were used in the treatment of 250 ml of the effluents. Temperature, pH, BOD, COD, SS, TDS, Sulphate (SO 4 2- ), Phosphate (PO 4 3- ), Nitrate (NO 3 - ), Chloride (Cl - ) and some heavy metals (Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cu) were determined before and after treatment of the effluents with the bacteria. The pre-treatment analysis showed that the values, 29.50±4.68 , and 5.35±1.57 were observed for temperature ( O C) and the pH respectively. The levels (mg/l), 26.17±9.49 ; 3106±2753 ; 562±482 ; 444±507 ; 97.20±146.80 ; 268.34±411.01; 8.82±34.71 and 22.59±19.64 were observed for BOD , COD, SS, TDS, Nitrate, sulphates, Phosphate, Chlorides respectively. The concentration (mg/l) of the heavy metals, before treatment (with the bacteria) were as; Cr ( 7.528±4.530 ); Fe ( 1.263±0.502 ); Ni ( 0.023 ± 0.021 ); Mn ( 0.277 ± 0.03 ); Pb ( 0.304 ± 0.20 ); Zn ( 0.058 ± 0.05 ); Cd ( 0.068±0.02 ) and Cu ( 0.012 ±0.02 ). T he bacteria were identified to be Corynebacterium Kutsceri . The post-treatment analysis showed that the mean levels (mg/l) of BOD ranged from ( 0.58b±0.45 − 0.81±0.67 ); COD ( 1376±248 − 2681±867 );SS( 78±89 − 273±375 );TDS( 25b±15 − 27±16 );NO 3 − ( 14.43±8.88 − 26.52±13.06 );SO 4 2− ( 5.95±8.91 − 18.12±19.26 );PO 4 3− ( 1.76±2.64 − 2.10±3.00 );Cl − ( 5.54±4.66 − 12.90±18.39 );Cr( 3.048 ±2.70 − 5.416 ±4.07 );Fe( 0.310±0.20 − 0.732±0.11 );Ni( 0.077±0.06 − 0.172±0.05 );Mn( 0.003±0.01 − 0.015±0.01 );Pb( 0.082 ±0.11 − 0.158 ±0.20 ); Zn ( 0.028±0.03 - 0.048±0.04 ); Cd ( 0.050±0.02 − 0.063±0.02 ) and Cu ( ND − 0.007±0.00 ). The post-treatment analysis using the different masses of the Corynebacterium Kutsceri indicates that there is a great decrease in the levels of the physicochemical parameters and the heavy metals as well when compared with the levels observed at the pre-treatment analysis. The decrease could be attributed to, not only due to the increase in the exact mass of the bacteria but also to the multiplicity in the mass of the Corynebacterium Kutsceri which subsequently increases the surface area for the remediation. The average high percentage reduction (70% to 100%) of these parameters and heavy metals implies that the Corynebacterium Kutsceri has a higher potential for the treatment of effluents from the textile industries.
{"title":"Bioremediation Potential of Immobilized corynebacterium kutsceri in the Treatment of Tannery Industrial Effluent from Challawa Industrial Estate, Kano State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Baba, S. Garba, H. Bello","doi":"10.18596/jotcsa.643771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.643771","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, bioremediation potentials of indigenous bacteria ( Corynebacterium Kutsceri ) in the treatment of tannery effluent was investigated. Industrial tannery effluent samples from Mamuda Tannery Industries in Challawa Industrial estate, Kano State, Nigeria were collected for a period of six months ( August 2017 to January 2018) for the experiment. Bacteria were isolated from the effluents using Serial Dilution, immobilized on agar-agar and biochemical tests were carried out to identify the bacteria. Different masses (5g, 10g, 15g, 20g, and 25g) of the identified bacteria were used in the treatment of 250 ml of the effluents. Temperature, pH, BOD, COD, SS, TDS, Sulphate (SO 4 2- ), Phosphate (PO 4 3- ), Nitrate (NO 3 - ), Chloride (Cl - ) and some heavy metals (Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cu) were determined before and after treatment of the effluents with the bacteria. The pre-treatment analysis showed that the values, 29.50±4.68 , and 5.35±1.57 were observed for temperature ( O C) and the pH respectively. The levels (mg/l), 26.17±9.49 ; 3106±2753 ; 562±482 ; 444±507 ; 97.20±146.80 ; 268.34±411.01; 8.82±34.71 and 22.59±19.64 were observed for BOD , COD, SS, TDS, Nitrate, sulphates, Phosphate, Chlorides respectively. The concentration (mg/l) of the heavy metals, before treatment (with the bacteria) were as; Cr ( 7.528±4.530 ); Fe ( 1.263±0.502 ); Ni ( 0.023 ± 0.021 ); Mn ( 0.277 ± 0.03 ); Pb ( 0.304 ± 0.20 ); Zn ( 0.058 ± 0.05 ); Cd ( 0.068±0.02 ) and Cu ( 0.012 ±0.02 ). T he bacteria were identified to be Corynebacterium Kutsceri . The post-treatment analysis showed that the mean levels (mg/l) of BOD ranged from ( 0.58b±0.45 − 0.81±0.67 ); COD ( 1376±248 − 2681±867 );SS( 78±89 − 273±375 );TDS( 25b±15 − 27±16 );NO 3 − ( 14.43±8.88 − 26.52±13.06 );SO 4 2− ( 5.95±8.91 − 18.12±19.26 );PO 4 3− ( 1.76±2.64 − 2.10±3.00 );Cl − ( 5.54±4.66 − 12.90±18.39 );Cr( 3.048 ±2.70 − 5.416 ±4.07 );Fe( 0.310±0.20 − 0.732±0.11 );Ni( 0.077±0.06 − 0.172±0.05 );Mn( 0.003±0.01 − 0.015±0.01 );Pb( 0.082 ±0.11 − 0.158 ±0.20 ); Zn ( 0.028±0.03 - 0.048±0.04 ); Cd ( 0.050±0.02 − 0.063±0.02 ) and Cu ( ND − 0.007±0.00 ). The post-treatment analysis using the different masses of the Corynebacterium Kutsceri indicates that there is a great decrease in the levels of the physicochemical parameters and the heavy metals as well when compared with the levels observed at the pre-treatment analysis. The decrease could be attributed to, not only due to the increase in the exact mass of the bacteria but also to the multiplicity in the mass of the Corynebacterium Kutsceri which subsequently increases the surface area for the remediation. The average high percentage reduction (70% to 100%) of these parameters and heavy metals implies that the Corynebacterium Kutsceri has a higher potential for the treatment of effluents from the textile industries.","PeriodicalId":17402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society, Section A: Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48517887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Manjuraj, Yuvaraj Tcm, D. JayannaN, H ShreedharaS, S SarvajithM
Metal (II) complexes of Cobalt(II) (1), Copper(II) (2), Nickel(II) (3), and Zinc(II) (4) with Schiff base ligand derived from furan-2-carbaldehyde were synthesized and elucidated by IR, electronic, mass, 1 H NMR, magnetic susceptibility measurements. Using DFT-based optimization of structures, bond length, bond angle, HOMO-LUMO energy gaps and molecular electrostatic potential maps (MEP) of ligand and complexes 1-3 were theoretically calculated at the B3LYP/LANL2DZ level of theory. HOMO-LUMO energy gap was calculated which allowed the calculation of relative properties like chemical hardness, chemical inertness, chemical potential. The Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes showed potent inhibition against all the bacterial strains. In comparison with antibacterial activity, molecular docking studies were carried out with protein receptor SEC2 (PDB: 1STE) in Staphylococcus aureus
{"title":"Spectral, DFT studies, molecular docking and antibacterial activity of Schiff base derived from furan-2-carbaldehyde and their metal (II) complexes","authors":"T. Manjuraj, Yuvaraj Tcm, D. JayannaN, H ShreedharaS, S SarvajithM","doi":"10.18596/jotcsa.467859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.467859","url":null,"abstract":"Metal (II) complexes of Cobalt(II) (1), Copper(II) (2), Nickel(II) (3), and Zinc(II) (4) with Schiff base ligand derived from furan-2-carbaldehyde were synthesized and elucidated by IR, electronic, mass, 1 H NMR, magnetic susceptibility measurements. Using DFT-based optimization of structures, bond length, bond angle, HOMO-LUMO energy gaps and molecular electrostatic potential maps (MEP) of ligand and complexes 1-3 were theoretically calculated at the B3LYP/LANL2DZ level of theory. HOMO-LUMO energy gap was calculated which allowed the calculation of relative properties like chemical hardness, chemical inertness, chemical potential. The Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes showed potent inhibition against all the bacterial strains. In comparison with antibacterial activity, molecular docking studies were carried out with protein receptor SEC2 (PDB: 1STE) in Staphylococcus aureus","PeriodicalId":17402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society, Section A: Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44276372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main advantage of standard gas sampling methods is their capability to keep a consistent gas composition from sampling till analysis. On the other hand, the disadvantages include the price and possible fragility of the sampling equipment, and the speed of sampling. Thus, a new tool was required that should have low cost, could be used for fast sampling and during fieldwork. Disposable plastic syringes fulfil all these requirements with the additional advantage that they can be used multiple times to take gas samples. With the utilisation of 3-way stopcocks, a filter media and a butterfly needle, a simple but efficient sampling system was prepared. Even though the holding time of certain components is not as high as it is for a standard sample holder, the precise analysis of the gas samples is possible. Syringes have been successfully utilised in the field of applied pyrolysis, for small and pilot scale experiments, and can even be used in industrial environment.
{"title":"The Evaluation of Syngas Loss from Disposable Syringe Sampling System: A Case Study","authors":"G. Nagy, M. Ambrus","doi":"10.18596/jotcsa.644994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.644994","url":null,"abstract":"The main advantage of standard gas sampling methods is their capability to keep a consistent gas composition from sampling till analysis. On the other hand, the disadvantages include the price and possible fragility of the sampling equipment, and the speed of sampling. Thus, a new tool was required that should have low cost, could be used for fast sampling and during fieldwork. Disposable plastic syringes fulfil all these requirements with the additional advantage that they can be used multiple times to take gas samples. With the utilisation of 3-way stopcocks, a filter media and a butterfly needle, a simple but efficient sampling system was prepared. Even though the holding time of certain components is not as high as it is for a standard sample holder, the precise analysis of the gas samples is possible. Syringes have been successfully utilised in the field of applied pyrolysis, for small and pilot scale experiments, and can even be used in industrial environment.","PeriodicalId":17402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society, Section A: Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45145426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we determined the Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn contents of Vitis sylvestris Gmelin using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), and examined the antioxidant properties of Vitis sylvestris Gmelin using radical scavenging capacities and total phenolic content tests. We found the average elemental contents; Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn as 1.506 ± 0.042 mg/kg, 0.796 ± 0.020 mg/kg, 2.333 ± 0.033 mg/kg, and 3.191 ± 0.262 mg/kg, respectively. When we examined the antioxidant activity tests applied to different extracts, we determined the highest extraction yield with the methanol extract. DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and total phenolic content values in methanol extract were determined to be respectively 3.957 ± 0.146 mg TEAC/g fw, 9.062 ± 0.273 mg TEAC/g fw, and 2.365 ± 0.028 mg GAE/g fw. When we evaluated the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content results for all extracts statistically, we determined that there was generally a statistically significant difference between each extract (p < 0.01). Vitis sylvestris Gmelin has high antioxidant content when considering the data obtained. Also, we determined that it is an effective candidate in the protection against reactive oxygen species.
{"title":"Assessment of Elemental Content, Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Vitis sylvestris Gmelin","authors":"Nagihan Karaaslan Ayhan","doi":"10.18596/jotcsa.689329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.689329","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we determined the Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn contents of Vitis sylvestris Gmelin using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), and examined the antioxidant properties of Vitis sylvestris Gmelin using radical scavenging capacities and total phenolic content tests. We found the average elemental contents; Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn as 1.506 ± 0.042 mg/kg, 0.796 ± 0.020 mg/kg, 2.333 ± 0.033 mg/kg, and 3.191 ± 0.262 mg/kg, respectively. When we examined the antioxidant activity tests applied to different extracts, we determined the highest extraction yield with the methanol extract. DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity, and total phenolic content values in methanol extract were determined to be respectively 3.957 ± 0.146 mg TEAC/g fw, 9.062 ± 0.273 mg TEAC/g fw, and 2.365 ± 0.028 mg GAE/g fw. When we evaluated the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content results for all extracts statistically, we determined that there was generally a statistically significant difference between each extract (p < 0.01). Vitis sylvestris Gmelin has high antioxidant content when considering the data obtained. Also, we determined that it is an effective candidate in the protection against reactive oxygen species.","PeriodicalId":17402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society, Section A: Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46486053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Actinomycetes bacterial group has the one of the most populous population in microorganisms that extends very different and extensive habitats on earth especially main character of the natural soil habitats. Since old times, bioactive metabolites of soil microorganisms have studied and the results have provided that metabolites these microorganisms have significant benefits to science, medicine, agriculture and pharmaceutical industry. In this study, isolation of Actinomycetes strains from forest soils, identification of morpohological and molecular features, extraction the bioactive metabolite of isolates and determination the antimicrobial, antibiofilm and cytotoxicity activities of bioactive extract was tested. The microbiological isolation methods for collected forest soil samples were used and after the determination of their morphological and molecular features, isolates were defined as Brevibacterium spp. that is member of Actinomycetes. The antibiotic resistance of the isolates were determined by different methods and different concentrations of standard antibiotics. The chromium tolerance of isolates were also determined. The bioactive metabolites of isolates were produced in modified medium and extracted. The antimicrobial, antibiofilm, cytotoxicity activities of bioactive metabolite were determined against standard microorganisms and Artemia salina larvae were used as test organism for cytotoxicity tests. In the present study, results gave informations about Actinomycetes that isolated from forest soils. Isolates have antibiotic resistance and chromium tolerance abilities. And also, showed, Actinomycetes group is the largest bioactive metabolite producing group both antibacterial, antifungal and also a wide range of other compounds such as antibiofilm and cytotoxic compounds. The antimicrobial (MIC) concentrations of bioactive metabolite 2500 μg/mL for standard bacteria cultures and 1250 μg/mL for yeasts. The antibiofilm (MBEC) value was determined at 1250 μg/mL. The 2500 μg/mL concentration of extract was found the effective cytotoxic value. The results are provided that the Brevibacterium spp. isolates have industrial and pharmaceutical potential and more detailed pharmaceutical researchs are planned.
{"title":"Actinomycetes Isolation from Forest Soils and Determination of Biological Activities","authors":"P. Soyer, Y. Tunalı","doi":"10.18596/jotcsa.657180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.657180","url":null,"abstract":"Actinomycetes bacterial group has the one of the most populous population in microorganisms that extends very different and extensive habitats on earth especially main character of the natural soil habitats. Since old times, bioactive metabolites of soil microorganisms have studied and the results have provided that metabolites these microorganisms have significant benefits to science, medicine, agriculture and pharmaceutical industry. In this study, isolation of Actinomycetes strains from forest soils, identification of morpohological and molecular features, extraction the bioactive metabolite of isolates and determination the antimicrobial, antibiofilm and cytotoxicity activities of bioactive extract was tested. The microbiological isolation methods for collected forest soil samples were used and after the determination of their morphological and molecular features, isolates were defined as Brevibacterium spp. that is member of Actinomycetes. The antibiotic resistance of the isolates were determined by different methods and different concentrations of standard antibiotics. The chromium tolerance of isolates were also determined. The bioactive metabolites of isolates were produced in modified medium and extracted. The antimicrobial, antibiofilm, cytotoxicity activities of bioactive metabolite were determined against standard microorganisms and Artemia salina larvae were used as test organism for cytotoxicity tests. In the present study, results gave informations about Actinomycetes that isolated from forest soils. Isolates have antibiotic resistance and chromium tolerance abilities. And also, showed, Actinomycetes group is the largest bioactive metabolite producing group both antibacterial, antifungal and also a wide range of other compounds such as antibiofilm and cytotoxic compounds. The antimicrobial (MIC) concentrations of bioactive metabolite 2500 μg/mL for standard bacteria cultures and 1250 μg/mL for yeasts. The antibiofilm (MBEC) value was determined at 1250 μg/mL. The 2500 μg/mL concentration of extract was found the effective cytotoxic value. The results are provided that the Brevibacterium spp. isolates have industrial and pharmaceutical potential and more detailed pharmaceutical researchs are planned.","PeriodicalId":17402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society, Section A: Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42292315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Here, a comparative DFT study of a transition metal complex, (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) (diisopropylmethylphosphine) (chloro) (trichlorosilyl) rutheniumhydride, is reported. The molecule contains a Ruthenium (Ru) atom, which is hard to be handled computationally, just like other transition metals. Every calculation had started from the same point in state space (exact same atomic configurations of the molecule), and used the same computational resources (same software and hardware with same parameters), but five different basis sets; those are, Sapporo Non Relativistic SPK DZP, SBKJ, 3-21G, STO3G and STO6G. Molecule have been optimised for five times with these basis sets. Results have been compared to X-RAY data of the molecule to reveal the performances of these five approximation methods about handling a molecule that contains a transition metal like Ruthenium. It has been found that, unexpectedly, a computationally cheaper method has won the competition and has shown best performance among the others.
{"title":"A Comparative DFT Study for Ruthenium","authors":"N. E. Binbay","doi":"10.18596/jotcsa.568062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.568062","url":null,"abstract":"Here, a comparative DFT study of a transition metal complex, (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) (diisopropylmethylphosphine) (chloro) (trichlorosilyl) rutheniumhydride, is reported. The molecule contains a Ruthenium (Ru) atom, which is hard to be handled computationally, just like other transition metals. Every calculation had started from the same point in state space (exact same atomic configurations of the molecule), and used the same computational resources (same software and hardware with same parameters), but five different basis sets; those are, Sapporo Non Relativistic SPK DZP, SBKJ, 3-21G, STO3G and STO6G. Molecule have been optimised for five times with these basis sets. Results have been compared to X-RAY data of the molecule to reveal the performances of these five approximation methods about handling a molecule that contains a transition metal like Ruthenium. It has been found that, unexpectedly, a computationally cheaper method has won the competition and has shown best performance among the others.","PeriodicalId":17402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society, Section A: Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42278547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, a biosensor that uses gelatin and alginate hydrogels in addition to titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles (NPs) as sensor matrix was developed in order to detect superoxide radicals (O2 •- ), which play role in carcinogenesis when present in excess levels. Parameters affecting the performance of the biosensor such as amount of gelatin-alginate ratio, amount of TiO 2 NPs, concentration of SOD enzymes and glutaraldehyde cross-linker were investigated. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and chronoamperometry were used as electrochemical technique for the development of biosensor as well as characterisation steps. The developed biosensor exhibited two linear ranges between 0.0009 mM – 0.125 mM and 0.25 mM – 2 mM which were utilized as calibration curves. Detection limit of the biosensor was found 0.9 μM, which was at appropriate level for the detection of O2 •- in tumour samples. Finally, the constructed biosensor showed significant analytical performance such as high selection for O2 •- , low detection limit, and long-term stability.
{"title":"Development of Gelatin-Alginate-TiO2-SOD Biosensor for the Detection of Superoxide Radicals","authors":"Utku Karakaya, Burak Derkuş, Emel Emregul","doi":"10.18596/jotcsa.646433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.646433","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a biosensor that uses gelatin and alginate hydrogels in addition to titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) nanoparticles (NPs) as sensor matrix was developed in order to detect superoxide radicals (O2 •- ), which play role in carcinogenesis when present in excess levels. Parameters affecting the performance of the biosensor such as amount of gelatin-alginate ratio, amount of TiO 2 NPs, concentration of SOD enzymes and glutaraldehyde cross-linker were investigated. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and chronoamperometry were used as electrochemical technique for the development of biosensor as well as characterisation steps. The developed biosensor exhibited two linear ranges between 0.0009 mM – 0.125 mM and 0.25 mM – 2 mM which were utilized as calibration curves. Detection limit of the biosensor was found 0.9 μM, which was at appropriate level for the detection of O2 •- in tumour samples. Finally, the constructed biosensor showed significant analytical performance such as high selection for O2 •- , low detection limit, and long-term stability.","PeriodicalId":17402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society, Section A: Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49041781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study reports the preparation of superhydrophobic covalently attached poly(dimethysiloxane)(PDMS)/fumed silica composite coatings on glass via spin-coating and subsequent heating. The effect of PDMS molecular weight and fumed silica type (hydrophilic and three different hydrophobic) on the wettability and morphology were studied in detail and the wettability and morphology of the coatings were characterized by contact angle measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Superhydrophobic coatings which have advancing contact angles of 172-174° and contact angle hysteresis (CAH) as low as 7-8° were obtained using 4% (w/v) PDMS modified hydrophobic fumed silica and all kinds of PDMS. The surfaces which were prepared by 4% (w/v) hydrophilic and dimethylsiloxy modified fumed silica had high advancing contact angles of 163-168° but the CAH on these surfaces were higher than the ones prepared using PDMS modified fumed silica. This can be ascribed to the incompatibility of the hydrophilic and dimethylsiloxy modified fumed silica with the PDMS matrix which was also confirmed with the SEM results.
{"title":"Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Coatings on Glass based on Poly(dimethylsiloxane) and Fumed Silica","authors":"Esra Kasapgil, Alper Nerat, B. Poyraz, I. Anac","doi":"10.18596/jotcsa.692565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.692565","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports the preparation of superhydrophobic covalently attached poly(dimethysiloxane)(PDMS)/fumed silica composite coatings on glass via spin-coating and subsequent heating. The effect of PDMS molecular weight and fumed silica type (hydrophilic and three different hydrophobic) on the wettability and morphology were studied in detail and the wettability and morphology of the coatings were characterized by contact angle measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Superhydrophobic coatings which have advancing contact angles of 172-174° and contact angle hysteresis (CAH) as low as 7-8° were obtained using 4% (w/v) PDMS modified hydrophobic fumed silica and all kinds of PDMS. The surfaces which were prepared by 4% (w/v) hydrophilic and dimethylsiloxy modified fumed silica had high advancing contact angles of 163-168° but the CAH on these surfaces were higher than the ones prepared using PDMS modified fumed silica. This can be ascribed to the incompatibility of the hydrophilic and dimethylsiloxy modified fumed silica with the PDMS matrix which was also confirmed with the SEM results.","PeriodicalId":17402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society, Section A: Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47366778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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