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The Assessment of Exposure Dose of Radiation Workers for Decommissioning Waste in the Radioactive Waste Inspection Building of Low and Intermediate-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility 中低放废物处置设施放射性废物检查楼退役废物辐射工作人员暴露剂量评估
Pub Date : 2020-08-30 DOI: 10.7733/jnfcwt.2020.18.2(e).317
Rin-Ah Kim, Dho Hoseog, K. T. man, C. Cho
This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited The Korea Radioactive Waste Agency plans to expand the storage capacity of radioactive waste by constructing a radioactive waste inspecting building to solve the problem of the lack of inspection space and drum-handling space in the radioactive waste receipt and storage building for the first-stage disposal facility. In this study, the exposure doses of radiation workers that handle new disposal containers for decommissioning waste in the storage areas of the radioactive waste inspecting building were calculated using the Monte Carlo N-particle transport code. The annual collective dose was calculated as a total of 84.8 man-mSv for 304 new disposal containers and an estimated annual 306 working hours for the radiation work. When the 304 new disposal containers (small/medium type) were stored in the storage areas, it was found that 25 radiation workers should be involved in acceptance/disposal inspection, and the estimated exposure dose per worker was calculated as an average annual value of 3.39 mSv. When the radiation workers handle the small containers in high-radiation dose areas, the small containers should be shielded further by increasing the concrete liner thickness to improve the work efficiency and radiation safety of the radiation workers. The results of this study will be useful in establishing the optimal radiation working conditions for radiation workers using the source term and characteristics of decommissioning waste based on actual measurements.
这是一篇在知识共享署名非商业许可(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0)条款下发布的开放获取文章,该许可允许在任何媒体上不受限制地进行非商业使用、分发和复制。韩国放射性废物厅计划,为解决第1阶段处置设施的放射性废物接收和储存大楼缺乏检查空间和滚筒处理空间的问题,建设放射性废物检查大楼,扩大放射性废物的储存能力。在本研究中,使用蒙特卡洛n粒子输运代码计算了在放射性废物检查大楼储存区内处理退役废物新处置容器的辐射工作人员的暴露剂量。304个新处置容器的年集体剂量总计为84.8人毫西弗,辐射工作估计每年工作时数为306小时。当304个新的处置容器(小型/中型)存放于贮存区时,发现有25名辐射工作人员需要接受/处置检查,估计每个工作人员的年平均暴露剂量为3.39 mSv。辐射工作人员在高辐射剂量区操作小容器时,应通过增加混凝土衬里厚度对小容器进行进一步屏蔽,以提高辐射工作人员的工作效率和辐射安全。本研究结果将有助于根据实际测量结果,利用退役废物的源项和特征,为辐射工作人员建立最佳的辐射工作条件。
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引用次数: 1
Method for Evaluating Radionuclide Transport in Biosphere by Calculating Elapsed Transport Time 通过计算经过的传输时间来评估生物圈中放射性核素传输的方法
Pub Date : 2020-08-30 DOI: 10.7733/jnfcwt.2020.18.2(e).305
Nak-Youl Ko, S. Ji
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引用次数: 0
Safety Evaluation of Clearance of Radioactive Metal Waste After Decommissioning of NPP 核电厂退役后放射性金属废物清理的安全性评价
Pub Date : 2020-08-30 DOI: 10.7733/jnfcwt.2020.18.2(e).291
Young-Hwan Choi, Jae-Hun Ko, Dong-gyu Lee, Young Hwan Hwang, Mihyeon Lee, Jihoon Lee, S. Hong
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引用次数: 0
Data Analysis of International Joint Road and Sea Transportation Tests Under Normal Conditions of Transport 正常运输条件下国际道路和海上联合运输试验数据分析
Pub Date : 2020-08-30 DOI: 10.7733/jnfcwt.2020.18.2(e).275
Jaehoon Lim, S. Cho, W. Choi
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引用次数: 1
Simulation Study on Atmospheric Emission Scenarios of Radioxenon Produced by the North Korea’s 6th Nuclear Test 朝鲜第六次核试验产生的放射性氙大气排放情景模拟研究
Pub Date : 2020-08-30 DOI: 10.7733/jnfcwt.2020.18.2(e).261
Kihyun Park, B. Min, Sora Kim, Kim Ji-Yoon, Suh Kyung Suk
This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited North Korea conducted the sixth underground nuclear test on September 3, 2017 at the Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site (NTS). In contrast to the previous five nuclear tests, several induced earthquakes occurred around the NTS after the sixth nuclear test and this may have caused radioxenon leakages at the site. Considering these reported earthquakes, we performed atmospheric dispersion simulations on some radioxenon emission scenarios for this event using our Lagrangian Atmospheric Dose Assessment System (LADAS) model by employing the Unified Model (UM) based numerical weather prediction data produced by the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA). To find out possible detection locations and times, we combined not only daily and weekly based delayed releases but also leakages after the reported earthquakes around the NTS to create emission scenarios. Our simulation results were generally in good agreement with the measured data of the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission and International Monitoring System (IMS) stations operated by the Comprehensive nuclear Test-Ban-Treaty Organization (CTBTO).
这是一篇根据知识共享署名非商业许可(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0)条款发布的开放获取文章,该许可允许在任何媒介上不受限制的非商业使用、分发和复制,前提是原始作品被适当引用朝鲜于2017年9月3日在丰溪里核试验场(NTS)进行了第六次地下核试验。与前5次核试验不同,第6次核试验后,在NTS附近发生了几次诱发地震,这可能是导致放射性氙泄漏的原因。考虑到这些报告的地震,我们利用韩国气象局(KMA)提供的基于统一模式(UM)的数值天气预报数据,使用拉格朗日大气剂量评估系统(LADAS)模型对该事件的一些放射性氙排放情景进行了大气弥散模拟。为了找出可能的检测地点和时间,我们不仅结合了每日和每周的延迟释放,还结合了NTS周围报告的地震后的泄漏,以创建排放情景。我们的模拟结果与核安全与保障委员会以及全面禁止核试验条约组织(CTBTO)运营的国际监测系统(IMS)台站的测量数据基本一致。
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引用次数: 0
Corrosion Behavior of Stainless Steel 316 for Carbon Anode Oxide Reduction Application 碳阳极氧化还原应用中316不锈钢的腐蚀行为
Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.7733/jnfcwt.2020.18.2.169
M. Jeon, Sung-Wook Kim, E. Choi
Here, the stability of stainless steel 316 (SS-316) was investigated to identify its applicability in the oxide reduction process, as a component in related equipment, to produce a complicated gas mixture composed of O2 and Cl2 under an argon (Ar) atmosphere. The effects of the mixed gas composition were investigated at flow rates of 30 mL/min O2, 20 mL/min O2 + 10 mL/min Cl2, 10 mL/min O2 + 20 mL/ min Cl2, and 30 mL/min Cl2, each at 600℃, during a constant argon flow rate of 170 mL/min. It was found that the corrosion of SS-316 by the chlorine gas was suppressed by the presence of oxygen, while the reaction proceeded linearly with the reaction time regardless of gas composition. Surface observation results revealed an uneven surface with circular pits in the samples that were fed mixed gases. Thermodynamic calculations proposed the combination of Fe and Ni chlorination reactions as an explanation for this pit formation phenomenon. An exponential increase in the corrosion rate was observed with an increase in the reaction temperature in a range of 300 ~ 600℃ under a flow of 30 mL/min Cl2 + 170 mL/min Ar.
本文对不锈钢316 (SS-316)的稳定性进行了研究,以确定其在氧化还原过程中的适用性,作为相关设备的组件,在氩(Ar)气氛下产生由O2和Cl2组成的复杂气体混合物。在600℃、氩气流量为170 mL/min、O2流量为30 mL/min、O2流量为20 mL/min + Cl2流量为10 mL/min、O2流量为10 mL/min + Cl2流量为20 mL/min和Cl2流量为30 mL/min的条件下,考察了混合气体组成对反应的影响。结果表明,氧气的存在抑制了氯气对SS-316的腐蚀,而与气体成分无关,反应时间与反应时间呈线性关系。表面观察结果显示,在注入混合气体的样品中,表面不均匀,有圆形凹坑。热力学计算表明,铁和镍的氯化反应可以解释这种坑的形成现象。在30 mL/min的Cl2 + 170 mL/min的Ar流量下,反应温度在300 ~ 600℃范围内随温度的升高,腐蚀速率呈指数增长。
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引用次数: 0
Modeling the Groundwater Flow in the Near-field of the Near-surface Disposal System 近地表处理系统近场地下水流动模拟
Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.7733/jnfcwt.2020.18.2.119
Jung-Woo Kim, J. Bang, D. Cho
This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited A numerical model was developed using COMSOL Multiphysics to evaluate groundwater flow that causes radionuclide migration in the unsaturated zone of a near-surface disposal facility, which is considered as a domestic low and an intermediate-level radioactive waste disposal facility. Each scenario was modeled by constructing a two-dimensional domain that included the disposal vault, backfill, disposal cover, and unsaturated aquifer. A comparison of the continuous and intermittent rainfall conditions exhibited no significant difference in any of the factors considered except the wave pattern of water saturation. The input data, such as porosity and residual water content of the unsaturated aquifer, were observed to not have a significant effect on the groundwater flow. However, the hydraulic conductivity of the unsaturated aquifer was found to have a significant effect on the groundwater flow. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the hydraulic conductivity of an unsaturated aquifer to determine the extent of groundwater infiltration into the disposal vault.
这是一篇在知识共享署名非商业许可(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc/3.0)条款下发布的开放获取文章,该许可允许在任何媒介上不受限制的非商业使用、分发和复制,前提是正确引用原始作品。使用COMSOL Multiphysics开发了一个数值模型,以评估地下水流动导致近地表处置设施不饱和区放射性核素迁移。属于国内低、中水平放射性废物处理设施。每个场景都通过构建一个二维域来建模,该域包括处置拱顶、回填、处置覆盖层和非饱和含水层。对连续和间歇降雨条件的比较表明,除了含水饱和度的波浪型外,在考虑的任何因素上都没有显著差异。非饱和含水层孔隙度和残余含水量等输入数据对地下水流量影响不显著。然而,非饱和含水层的水力导电性对地下水流有显著影响。因此,有必要评估非饱和含水层的水力传导性,以确定地下水渗入处置拱顶的程度。
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引用次数: 2
A Prediction of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity for Compacted Bentonite Buffer in a High-level Radioactive Waste Disposal System 高放废物处理系统中压实膨润土缓冲液饱和导电性的预测
Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.7733/jnfcwt.2020.18.2.133
S. Park, Seok Yoon, Sangki Kwon, Geon-Young Kim
A geological repository comprises a natural barrier and an engineered barrier system. Its design components consist of canisters, buffers, backfill, and near-field rock. Among the engineered barrier system components, bentonite buffers minimize the groundwater flow from near-field rock and prevent the release of nuclide. Investigation of the hydraulic conductivity of the buffer to groundwater flow is an important factor in the performance evaluation of the stability and integrity of the engineered barrier of the repository. In this study, saturated hydraulic conductivity tests were performed using Gyeongju bentonite at various dry densities and temperatures, and a hydraulic conductivity prediction model was developed through multiple regression analysis using the 120 result sets of hydraulic conductivity. The test results showed that the hydraulic conductivity tends to decrease as the dry density increases. In addition, the hydraulic conductivity increased with increasing temperature. The multiple regression analysis results showed that the coefficient of determination (R2) of the hydraulic conductivity prediction equation was as high as 0.93. The hydraulic conductivity prediction equation presented in this study could be used for the design of engineered barrier systems.
地质储存库由天然屏障和工程屏障系统组成。它的设计组成包括罐、缓冲、回填和近场岩石。在工程屏障系统的组成部分中,膨润土缓冲层最大限度地减少了近场岩石的地下水流量,并防止了核素的释放。研究缓冲层对地下水的导水性能是评价水库工程屏障稳定性和完整性的重要因素。本研究以庆州膨润土为材料,在不同干密度和温度下进行了饱和导电性试验,并利用120个导电性结果集,通过多元回归分析建立了导电性预测模型。试验结果表明,随着干密度的增大,水导率有减小的趋势。此外,随着温度的升高,水导率增大。多元回归分析结果表明,水力导率预测方程的决定系数(R2)高达0.93。本文提出的水力导率预测方程可用于工程屏障系统的设计。
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引用次数: 2
Internal Dose Assessment of Worker by Radioactive Aerosol Generated During Mechanical Cutting of Radioactive Concrete 放射性混凝土机械切割过程中产生的放射性气溶胶对工人的内剂量评估
Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.7733/jnfcwt.2020.18.2.157
Jihye Park, Wonseok Yang, Nakkyu Chae, Min-Ho Lee, Sungyeol Choi
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引用次数: 1
Sequential Bayesian Updating Module of Input Parameter Distributions for More Reliable Probabilistic Safety Assessment of HLW Radioactive Repository 高放库更可靠概率安全评估输入参数分布的顺序贝叶斯更新模块
Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.7733/jnfcwt.2020.18.2.179
Youn-Myoung Lee, D. Cho
A Bayesian approach was introduced to improve the belief of prior distributions of input parameters for the probabilistic safety assessment of radioactive waste repository. A GoldSim-based module was developed using the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm and implemented through GSTSPA (GoldSim Total System Performance Assessment), a GoldSim template for generic/site-specific safety assessment of the radioactive repository system. In this study, sequential Bayesian updating of prior distributions was comprehensively explained and used as a basis to conduct a reliable safety assessment of the repository. The prior distribution to three sequential posterior distributions for several selected parameters associated with nuclide transport in the fractured rock medium was updated with assumed likelihood functions. The process was demonstrated through a probabilistic safety assessment of the conceptual repository for illustrative purposes. Through this study, it was shown that insufficient observed data could enhance the belief of prior distributions for input parameter values commonly available, which are usually uncertain. This is particularly applicable for nuclide behavior in and around the repository system, which typically exhibited a long time span and wide modeling domain.
引入贝叶斯方法,改进了放射性废物处置库概率安全评价中输入参数先验分布的置信度。利用马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗算法开发了一个基于GoldSim的模块,并通过GSTSPA (GoldSim总系统性能评估)实现,GSTSPA是一个用于放射性储存库系统通用/场址特定安全评估的GoldSim模板。在本研究中,全面解释了先验分布的顺序贝叶斯更新,并将其作为对储存库进行可靠安全性评估的基础。用假设的似然函数更新了与破裂岩石介质中核素输运相关的几个选定参数的先验分布到三个序列后验分布。为了说明目的,通过对概念储存库的概率安全评估来演示该过程。通过本研究表明,观测数据不足可以增强通常可用的输入参数值的先验分布的可信度,而输入参数值通常是不确定的。这特别适用于储存库系统内部和周围的核素行为,这通常表现出较长的时间跨度和较宽的建模领域。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology
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