Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52667
A. Bastola, P. Pyakurel, S. Shrestha, K. Maharjan, Jenish Neupane, Rishikesh Rijal, V. Myneedu
During the time of COVID-19 outbreak there is dilemma in diagnosis of acute lung infections. This is further hindered among immunocompromised patients due to bizarre clinical and radiological findings. We report young male severely immunocompromised HIV infected ART naïve patient presenting with acute onset of pneumonia and hypoxemia with SARS CoV-2 PCR positive.
{"title":"COVID-19 in Art Naïve HIV Positive Adult: Course of Presentation and Management","authors":"A. Bastola, P. Pyakurel, S. Shrestha, K. Maharjan, Jenish Neupane, Rishikesh Rijal, V. Myneedu","doi":"10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52667","url":null,"abstract":"During the time of COVID-19 outbreak there is dilemma in diagnosis of acute lung infections. This is further hindered among immunocompromised patients due to bizarre clinical and radiological findings. We report young male severely immunocompromised HIV infected ART naïve patient presenting with acute onset of pneumonia and hypoxemia with SARS CoV-2 PCR positive.","PeriodicalId":175434,"journal":{"name":"SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116025246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.53238
A. Bastola
Not available.
不可用。
{"title":"Tuberculosis in the SAARC Region: Prioritize control measures, strengthen health facilities","authors":"A. Bastola","doi":"10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.53238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.53238","url":null,"abstract":"Not available.","PeriodicalId":175434,"journal":{"name":"SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129794943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52669
A. Bastola, P. Pyakurel, K. Maharjan, S. Shrestha, Rupak Bastola, V. Myneedu, Sunil D. Paudel, L. Devkota
The risk of disseminated Histoplasmosis increases among immunocompromised HIV infected patients. It can clinically present with skin manifestation. We report a forty years HIV infected male with severe immunodeficiency clinically presenting as a disseminated Histoplasmosis with dermatological manifestation and diagnosis.
{"title":"Disseminated Histoplasmosis in HIV-Patient in Nepal: A Case Report","authors":"A. Bastola, P. Pyakurel, K. Maharjan, S. Shrestha, Rupak Bastola, V. Myneedu, Sunil D. Paudel, L. Devkota","doi":"10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52669","url":null,"abstract":"The risk of disseminated Histoplasmosis increases among immunocompromised HIV infected patients. It can clinically present with skin manifestation. We report a forty years HIV infected male with severe immunodeficiency clinically presenting as a disseminated Histoplasmosis with dermatological manifestation and diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":175434,"journal":{"name":"SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121685051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52665
Najma Bajracharya, R. Paudyal, A. Bastola
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) has been the most common acute opportunistic infection in HIV positive patients and accounts for more than half of all AIDS cases in underdeveloped nations. Hence, rapid laboratory diagnosis of M. tuberculosis is needed for vulnerable patients. Methodology: In this study, 72 sputum samples were collected from ART-naive and patients using ART for 6 months. The samples were tested with the GeneXpert MTB / RIF assay to diagnose TB and drug resistance and AFB smear microscopy as per NTP guidelines. Results: Among 72 sputum samples studied, males were more diagnosed with TB than females. People aged 25-56 years were more infected with HIV-TB co-infection. Four patients (5.56%) were found to be TB positive with both techniques, 7 (9.72%) were GeneXpert MTB/RIF positive but smear-negative and 61 patients (84.72%) were negative with both methods. The positivity for MTB detected for GeneXpert MTB/RIF method in females was 3 (15%) and the males were 8 (15.38%), while for the ZN staining method the positivity in females was 2 (10%) and the males were 2 (3.85%). The GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay was also capable of detecting TB in smear-negative cases. Conclusion: This study showed that the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay is an effective tool for the early diagnosis of TB among HIV patients as compared to AFB smear staining method.
{"title":"Comparison of Genexpert MTB/RIF Assay and AFB Smear Microscopy in Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis among HIV Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Najma Bajracharya, R. Paudyal, A. Bastola","doi":"10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52665","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) has been the most common acute opportunistic infection in HIV positive patients and accounts for more than half of all AIDS cases in underdeveloped nations. Hence, rapid laboratory diagnosis of M. tuberculosis is needed for vulnerable patients.\u0000Methodology: In this study, 72 sputum samples were collected from ART-naive and patients using ART for 6 months. The samples were tested with the GeneXpert MTB / RIF assay to diagnose TB and drug resistance and AFB smear microscopy as per NTP guidelines.\u0000Results: Among 72 sputum samples studied, males were more diagnosed with TB than females. People aged 25-56 years were more infected with HIV-TB co-infection. Four patients (5.56%) were found to be TB positive with both techniques, 7 (9.72%) were GeneXpert MTB/RIF positive but smear-negative and 61 patients (84.72%) were negative with both methods. The positivity for MTB detected for GeneXpert MTB/RIF method in females was 3 (15%) and the males were 8 (15.38%), while for the ZN staining method the positivity in females was 2 (10%) and the males were 2 (3.85%). The GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay was also capable of detecting TB in smear-negative cases.\u0000Conclusion: This study showed that the GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay is an effective tool for the early diagnosis of TB among HIV patients as compared to AFB smear staining method. ","PeriodicalId":175434,"journal":{"name":"SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114740144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52663
D. Madegedara, L. Basnayake, Damith Nissanka Bandara
Background: To date, COVID-19 continues to remain at pandemic proportions. As of March 2022, COVID-19 has caused over 433 million infections and over 5.9 million deaths around the world. Long COVID associated complications were reported worldwide. COVID associated interstitial lung disease is a well-known, recognized long term consequence. Methodology: A single centre observational study was carried out in the Respiratory Disease Treatment Unit two at National Hospital Kandy, Sri Lanka. Information regarding Demographic, clinical, biochemical and radio graphical characteristics were extracted from the medical records. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS statistics data editor. Results: A total of 53 (13.6%) COVID-19 related ILD cases were analysed. Out of them, 38 (71.7%) were males. The median age was 59 years. The majority of patients (81.1%) were given a history of at least one underlying comorbid disease, while Diabetes Mellitus was the commonest (58.4%). Out of the male patients, 17 (47.3%) had a positive smoking history of varying pack years. Different pathological patterns, geographical and zonal distributions, occasionally asymmetrical patterns were observed in HRCT of patients with COVID-19 related ILD. Conclusion: The majority of the COVID-19 related ILD patients were males with multiple comorbidities and had a positive smoking history. The progression of the disease is well displayed in the findings of HRCT. Detection of these findings should alert the clinicians to provide prompt and optimized care in order to minimize the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 related ILD.
{"title":"Descriptive Analysis of the Patients with Post COVID Interstitial Lung Diseases in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Central Sri Lanka: An Observational Study","authors":"D. Madegedara, L. Basnayake, Damith Nissanka Bandara","doi":"10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52663","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To date, COVID-19 continues to remain at pandemic proportions. As of March 2022, COVID-19 has caused over 433 million infections and over 5.9 million deaths around the world. Long COVID associated complications were reported worldwide. COVID associated interstitial lung disease is a well-known, recognized long term consequence.\u0000Methodology: A single centre observational study was carried out in the Respiratory Disease Treatment Unit two at National Hospital Kandy, Sri Lanka. Information regarding Demographic, clinical, biochemical and radio graphical characteristics were extracted from the medical records. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS statistics data editor.\u0000Results: A total of 53 (13.6%) COVID-19 related ILD cases were analysed. Out of them, 38 (71.7%) were males. The median age was 59 years. The majority of patients (81.1%) were given a history of at least one underlying comorbid disease, while Diabetes Mellitus was the commonest (58.4%). Out of the male patients, 17 (47.3%) had a positive smoking history of varying pack years. Different pathological patterns, geographical and zonal distributions, occasionally asymmetrical patterns were observed in HRCT of patients with COVID-19 related ILD.\u0000Conclusion: The majority of the COVID-19 related ILD patients were males with multiple comorbidities and had a positive smoking history. The progression of the disease is well displayed in the findings of HRCT. Detection of these findings should alert the clinicians to provide prompt and optimized care in order to minimize the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 related ILD.","PeriodicalId":175434,"journal":{"name":"SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS","volume":"98 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122145927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52659
Aninda Debnath, Ankit Chandra, M. Maroof, S. Awasthi, Monika Arya
Introduction: With time there have been major changes in the management of TB. No longer TB sanatoriums are preferred. However, in this 21st century, few sanatoriums do exist but are no longer in their original forms, to explore the admission patterns and duration of stay at the TB sanatorium Bhowali, Uttarakhand. Methodology: We retrieved the data between 1st January 2018 to 31st July 2021 from the inpatient Department (IPD) of TB sanatorium Bhowali. Data were extracted in an extraction sheet and descriptive data analysis was done to see the admission patterns and duration of stay. The place of residence was analysed as per the district-wise distribution. Results: There were 1247 admissions. These admissions were limited to six states, and the majority were from the state of Uttar Pradesh (50.7%) and Uttarakhand (46.7%). The highest cases were in the year 2018, and during April to July. As per the district-wise distribution, Udham Singh Nagar had the highest proportion of admissions (18.6%), followed by Bareilly (15%), Nainital (11.4%), and Rampur (10.9%). The mean (SD) and median (IQR) duration of stay were 22.7 days (SD–24.7) and 14 (IQR 7– 8) days, respectively. The median duration of stay was significantly higher for females (25.1 days) compared to males (21.6 days). Conclusion: TB sanatorium Bhowali (Uttarakhand) caters majority of the patients from the neighbouring state of Uttar Pradesh. The admissions were high during the spring and summer seasons. The median duration of hospital stay for patients admitted with TB was two weeks.
{"title":"Tuberculosis Sanatorium of 21st Century Exploring the Admission Pattern and Duration of Stay at TB Sanatorium Bhowali, Uttarakhand, India: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Aninda Debnath, Ankit Chandra, M. Maroof, S. Awasthi, Monika Arya","doi":"10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52659","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: With time there have been major changes in the management of TB. No longer TB sanatoriums are preferred. However, in this 21st century, few sanatoriums do exist but are no longer in their original forms, to explore the admission patterns and duration of stay at the TB sanatorium Bhowali, Uttarakhand.\u0000Methodology: We retrieved the data between 1st January 2018 to 31st July 2021 from the inpatient Department (IPD) of TB sanatorium Bhowali. Data were extracted in an extraction sheet and descriptive data analysis was done to see the admission patterns and duration of stay. The place of residence was analysed as per the district-wise distribution.\u0000Results: There were 1247 admissions. These admissions were limited to six states, and the majority were from the state of Uttar Pradesh (50.7%) and Uttarakhand (46.7%). The highest cases were in the year 2018, and during April to July. As per the district-wise distribution, Udham Singh Nagar had the highest proportion of admissions (18.6%), followed by Bareilly (15%), Nainital (11.4%), and Rampur (10.9%). The mean (SD) and median (IQR) duration of stay were 22.7 days (SD–24.7) and 14 (IQR 7– 8) days, respectively. The median duration of stay was significantly higher for females (25.1 days) compared to males (21.6 days).\u0000Conclusion: TB sanatorium Bhowali (Uttarakhand) caters majority of the patients from the neighbouring state of Uttar Pradesh. The admissions were high during the spring and summer seasons. The median duration of hospital stay for patients admitted with TB was two weeks.","PeriodicalId":175434,"journal":{"name":"SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131843071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52661
Manjari, Lydia S Jasmine Beryl, Atreyee Sinha, Ashutosh K Tripathi, Karuna D. Sagil
Introduction: India has experienced high burden of drug resistant tuberculosis, under par treatment success rate and very high loss to follow-up despite continuous efforts to develop evidence-based policy to treat DRTB patients. However, it is challenging to translate policies into practice. The goal of this program was to build capacity of the program staff for effective management of DRTB in public sector through workshops, capacity building exercises, creation and dissemination of information, education and communication materials. Methodology: The program was implemented in seven states; 11 state-level kick-off trainings were planned to reach 660 National TB Elimination Program staffs. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, on-field activities were replaced with virtual trainings with a set of 4-5 webinars per state. Pre and post training assessments were done to evaluate uptake of knowledge. Number of trainings conducted, staff trained and knowledge improvement were the indicators used to assess the outcome. Results: A total of 34 webinars were conducted on revised Programmatic Management of Drug- Resistant Tuberculosis guidelines and 3000 staff was trained. The program organized three times more training and five times more staff were trained. Although retention of participants and their attention was challenging, transition to virtual platform provided increased coverage and targeted outputs. Proportion of participants answering correctly in pre/post-training assessments, increased from 47% to 65%. Conclusion: Use of virtual trainings is an efficient high yielding method to build capacity of NTEP staff. Lessons learnt can help improve such interventions, benefit health programs and the end beneficiaries - the patients.
{"title":"Impact of Strategic Adaptations Due to COVID-19 Pandemic on a Capacity Building Program: Insights From a DRTB Program Under NTEP in India","authors":"Manjari, Lydia S Jasmine Beryl, Atreyee Sinha, Ashutosh K Tripathi, Karuna D. Sagil","doi":"10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v20i1.52661","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: India has experienced high burden of drug resistant tuberculosis, under par treatment success rate and very high loss to follow-up despite continuous efforts to develop evidence-based policy to treat DRTB patients. However, it is challenging to translate policies into practice. The goal of this program was to build capacity of the program staff for effective management of DRTB in public sector through workshops, capacity building exercises, creation and dissemination of information, education and communication materials.\u0000Methodology: The program was implemented in seven states; 11 state-level kick-off trainings were planned to reach 660 National TB Elimination Program staffs. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, on-field activities were replaced with virtual trainings with a set of 4-5 webinars per state. Pre and post training assessments were done to evaluate uptake of knowledge. Number of trainings conducted, staff trained and knowledge improvement were the indicators used to assess the outcome.\u0000Results: A total of 34 webinars were conducted on revised Programmatic Management of Drug- Resistant Tuberculosis guidelines and 3000 staff was trained. The program organized three times more training and five times more staff were trained. Although retention of participants and their attention was challenging, transition to virtual platform provided increased coverage and targeted outputs. Proportion of participants answering correctly in pre/post-training assessments, increased from 47% to 65%.\u0000Conclusion: Use of virtual trainings is an efficient high yielding method to build capacity of NTEP staff. Lessons learnt can help improve such interventions, benefit health programs and the end beneficiaries - the patients. ","PeriodicalId":175434,"journal":{"name":"SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133895346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v19i1.39922
Namatullah Ahmadzada, Lutfullah Manzoor, Shah Wali Moroofi, Khaled Seddiq, B. Lal, R. Pant, R. Sultana, G. Qader, Akmal Nasrat
Every year, 10.4 million people get sick with Tuberculosis (TB) and 40 percent of them do not receive treatment care - they are “missed” to identify by the health systems. Missing TB cases is major challenge in fighting the disease; pose a serious threat to global health security. As per World Health organization estimation, in 2018, Afghanistan missed 27 percent TB case notification. Thus we conducted an active case finding through house hold survey from June – November, 2018 in Kabul city, districts of Afghanistan. This descriptive cross sectional study included all the residence of 21 sub-districts in Kabul City Afghanistan. After obtaining written consent, data was collected using a structured questionnaire from all presumptive TB cases. Sputum was collected from eligible participants and tested for AFB, Gene-Xpart and Chest X-ray was done. Standard test algorithm and case categorization was done according to WHO recommendations. Descriptive analysis of demographic, clinical and laboratory data was done. A total of 22,596 participants were included and among them 6740 were eligible. Among them 1614(24.3%) individuals were screened positive to have presumptive TB and 105 (6.5%) had laboratory confirmed TB. Thus the case notification rate was 465 in 100,000 populations. Among the presumptive TB cases, mean age was 38.6 + 18.5 years; 74% were female; 72% were housewives/unemployed; 2.6% were smokers. The case notification rate and the point prevalence showed increase numbers than the actual reports by the Afghanistan National TB program, which signifies the program was missing significant numbers of TB cases. Hence active TB case finding might be an effective approach in terms of case notification in Afghanistan. We recommend extending active community TB surveillance of the country.
{"title":"Additional Yield of Active Case Finding Through House Hold Survey in Selected District of Kabul, Afghanistan, 2018","authors":"Namatullah Ahmadzada, Lutfullah Manzoor, Shah Wali Moroofi, Khaled Seddiq, B. Lal, R. Pant, R. Sultana, G. Qader, Akmal Nasrat","doi":"10.3126/saarctb.v19i1.39922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v19i1.39922","url":null,"abstract":"Every year, 10.4 million people get sick with Tuberculosis (TB) and 40 percent of them do not receive treatment care - they are “missed” to identify by the health systems. Missing TB cases is major challenge in fighting the disease; pose a serious threat to global health security. As per World Health organization estimation, in 2018, Afghanistan missed 27 percent TB case notification. Thus we conducted an active case finding through house hold survey from June – November, 2018 in Kabul city, districts of Afghanistan. \u0000This descriptive cross sectional study included all the residence of 21 sub-districts in Kabul City Afghanistan. After obtaining written consent, data was collected using a structured questionnaire from all presumptive TB cases. Sputum was collected from eligible participants and tested for AFB, Gene-Xpart and Chest X-ray was done. Standard test algorithm and case categorization was done according to WHO recommendations. Descriptive analysis of demographic, clinical and laboratory data was done. \u0000A total of 22,596 participants were included and among them 6740 were eligible. Among them 1614(24.3%) individuals were screened positive to have presumptive TB and 105 (6.5%) had laboratory confirmed TB. Thus the case notification rate was 465 in 100,000 populations. Among the presumptive TB cases, mean age was 38.6 + 18.5 years; 74% were female; 72% were housewives/unemployed; 2.6% were smokers. \u0000The case notification rate and the point prevalence showed increase numbers than the actual reports by the Afghanistan National TB program, which signifies the program was missing significant numbers of TB cases. Hence active TB case finding might be an effective approach in terms of case notification in Afghanistan. We recommend extending active community TB surveillance of the country.","PeriodicalId":175434,"journal":{"name":"SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128005498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v19i1.39953
R. Choudhary, V. Marwah, Maihail Singh, Simple Gupta
Tuberculosis (TB), although commonly thought to be a chronic pulmonary disease, indeed has protean manifestations. One of its varied acute presentations is Tuberculous ARDS, which is a rare but fatal form of TB with mortality reported as high as 69-80%. Here we report a case of sputum smear-positive MDR miliary tuberculosis with tuberculous ARDS in a patient with AIDS managed with HFNC oxygen therapy. Diagnosis of tuberculosis was based on clinical radiological, microbiological and molecular evidence. The diagnosis of ARDS was established as per Berlin definition. The patient was successfully managed with HFNC oxygen therapy along with second line anti tubercular treatment (ATT) and supportive measures.
{"title":"High Flow Nasal Cannula for Management of Tuberculous ARDS in Immunocompromised – A Vision or an Illusion","authors":"R. Choudhary, V. Marwah, Maihail Singh, Simple Gupta","doi":"10.3126/saarctb.v19i1.39953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v19i1.39953","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB), although commonly thought to be a chronic pulmonary disease, indeed has protean manifestations. One of its varied acute presentations is Tuberculous ARDS, which is a rare but fatal form of TB with mortality reported as high as 69-80%. Here we report a case of sputum smear-positive MDR miliary tuberculosis with tuberculous ARDS in a patient with AIDS managed with HFNC oxygen therapy. Diagnosis of tuberculosis was based on clinical radiological, microbiological and molecular evidence. The diagnosis of ARDS was established as per Berlin definition. The patient was successfully managed with HFNC oxygen therapy along with second line anti tubercular treatment (ATT) and supportive measures.","PeriodicalId":175434,"journal":{"name":"SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129460310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-30DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v19i1.39952
R. Yadav, S. Baral, Y. Baral, Srijana Paudel
COVID19 pandemic is affecting worldwide. TB and COVID-19 both are infectious and primarily affect the lungs and show similar symptoms thus, it is essential to diagnose cases. Accurate diagnostic tests are essential for both TB and COVID-19. COVID 19 has reversed minimum five years of progress in fighting TB. The study is based on review of all available reports, literature, published studies in peer reviewed journal related to COVID-19 pandemic impact on TB control program in Nepal. PubMed, Google scholar, HINARI are the major search engines and or databases used for the review.COVID-19 led lockdown had a significant impact on TB services in Nepal. There is decline in the identification of new cases and had impacted on sputum courier, enrolment, diagnosis and follow up. People cantered delivery of TB prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care services should be ensured in tandem with the COVID-19 response. Health authorities should maintain support to essential TB services during emergencies.
covid - 19大流行正在影响全球。结核病和COVID-19都具有传染性，主要影响肺部，并表现出相似的症状，因此诊断病例至关重要。准确的诊断检测对于结核病和COVID-19都至关重要。COVID - 19逆转了至少5年来在抗击结核病方面取得的进展。该研究基于对所有现有报告、文献和同行评议期刊上发表的与COVID-19大流行对尼泊尔结核病控制规划的影响相关的研究。PubMed, Google scholar, HINARI是主要的搜索引擎和数据库。COVID-19导致的封锁对尼泊尔的结核病服务产生了重大影响。新发病例的发现有所下降，影响了痰液递送、入组、诊断和随访。应确保在应对COVID-19的同时，提供以人为本的结核病预防、诊断、治疗和护理服务。卫生当局应在紧急情况期间继续支持基本结核病服务。
{"title":"Impact of COVID 19 Pandemic on TB Control Programme in Nepal: An Overview","authors":"R. Yadav, S. Baral, Y. Baral, Srijana Paudel","doi":"10.3126/saarctb.v19i1.39952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/saarctb.v19i1.39952","url":null,"abstract":"COVID19 pandemic is affecting worldwide. TB and COVID-19 both are infectious and primarily affect the lungs and show similar symptoms thus, it is essential to diagnose cases. Accurate diagnostic tests are essential for both TB and COVID-19. COVID 19 has reversed minimum five years of progress in fighting TB. The study is based on review of all available reports, literature, published studies in peer reviewed journal related to COVID-19 pandemic impact on TB control program in Nepal. PubMed, Google scholar, HINARI are the major search engines and or databases used for the review.COVID-19 led lockdown had a significant impact on TB services in Nepal. There is decline in the identification of new cases and had impacted on sputum courier, enrolment, diagnosis and follow up. People cantered delivery of TB prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care services should be ensured in tandem with the COVID-19 response. Health authorities should maintain support to essential TB services during emergencies.","PeriodicalId":175434,"journal":{"name":"SAARC Journal of Tuberculosis, Lung Diseases and HIV/AIDS","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126231810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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