Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research最新文献_第6页

Effects of two types of environmental enrichment on the behavior of dogs in shelters 两种环境富集对收容所中犬类行为的影响

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2025.05.004

Gustavo Vieira Antonino , Dhiordan Deon Costa Lovestain , Marina Monteiro de Castro Burle , Cristiano Schetini de Azevedo

The domestic dog, Canis lupus familiaris, is commonly kept in shelters. In these locations, features such as confinement, forced intraspecific and interspecific contact, and lack of environmental stimulation can diminish the welfare of dogs. One way to avoid poor welfare is to implement an environmental enrichment program for dogs in shelters, however, environmental enrichment items should be tested to evaluate their effectiveness and their ease of implementation and safety. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of two environmental enrichment items designed to improve the welfare of dogs kept in a shelter. Fifteen dogs, housed in trios, were studied. Two environmental enrichment items were offered to the dogs: nutritional-related (perforated plastic bottles filled with canine treats) and sensory-related (lavender oil). Behavioral data were collected before, during, and after the items were offered, using focal sampling and instantaneous recording methods, with a sampling interval of 1 min. The effectiveness of the items was evaluated using Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs). Food enrichment increased foraging and activity behaviors in the dogs, but not positive social behaviors. On the other hand, olfactory enrichment decreased jumping and vocalizing and increased the display of climbing on the pen’s door. Both items proved to be safe for the dogs. It is of utmost importance for shelters to enhance animal welfare by constructing larger and more stimulating bays and implementing environmental enrichment programs for the animals. The results of this study show that an enrichment program can assist in improving the welfare of dogs kept in shelters.

家犬狼狗（Canis lupus familiaris）通常被养在收容所。在这些地方，诸如禁闭、强迫种内和种间接触以及缺乏环境刺激等特征会降低狗的福利。为避免福利不佳，可以对收容所里的狗实施环境强化项目，但环境强化项目必须经过测试，以评估其有效性、实施的便利性和安全性。因此，本研究旨在评估两种环境富集项目的有效性，这些项目旨在改善收容所养狗的福利。研究人员对15只狗进行了研究。给狗提供了两种环境富集物品：营养相关（装满狗粮的穿孔塑料瓶）和感官相关（薰衣草油）。行为数据采集在提供物品之前、期间和之后，采用焦点采样和瞬时记录的方法，采样间隔为1 min。采用广义线性混合模型（glmm）评价项目的有效性。食物丰富增加了狗的觅食和活动行为，但没有积极的社会行为。另一方面，嗅觉增强减少了跳跃和发声，增加了攀爬在围栏门上的显示。事实证明，这两种食物对狗都是安全的。对于动物收容所来说，通过建造更大、更刺激的海湾和实施环境丰富计划来提高动物福利是至关重要的。这项研究的结果表明，一个富集计划可以帮助改善收容所的狗的福利。

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引用次数: 0

Quantifying the influence of cut tree branches on zoo giraffe behavior during and post browsing: A case study on five animals and four tree species 砍断的树枝对动物园长颈鹿在浏览过程和浏览后行为的影响——以5只动物和4种树种为例

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2025.05.005

Zoe Newnham , Paul Rose

The nutrition of captive species profoundly affects their physical, behavioral, and psychological wellbeing. Determining a species’ ideal zoo diet remains challenging, necessitating assessment of an animal’s responses to their diet to establish best practices, including any effects on behaviors. This study investigates the behavioral responses of five female giraffes (Giraffe camelopardalis) to browse from four tree species (willow, Salix caprea; hawthorn, Crataegus monogyna; hazel, Corylus avellana; oak, Quercus robur). This study aimed to assess the effect of browse species on giraffe activity and to identify which of these species was most associated with performance of key welfare indicators. Given this species’ adaptations to foraging on spinose (i.e., thorny) trees, we predicted that hawthorn would have the largest effect on giraffe behavior. Focal sampling of individual giraffes was conducted, with equal repetitions for each browse species, across spring and summer 2021 and 2022 at Marwell Zoo. Giraffes were observed for an hour with browse, followed by an additional hour after a 30-minute pause to quantify post-browsing behaviors. Results suggest that willow increased overall browsing time, while oak elicited prolonged interaction with initial browse branches. Willow promoted the highest bark stripping and bite counts, while oak and willow increased time ruminating. Contrary to expectation, hawthorn, with its thorny defences, did not significantly extend browsing or rumination. Social context also influenced browsing behavior with heightened browsing activity occurring when giraffe browsed with other species present. While a case study of four tree species at one zoo, our results show the importance of measuring and assessing animal choice and preferences (regarding their engagement with husbandry) to underpin best practice approaches to care and welfare.

圈养物种的营养会深刻影响它们的身体、行为和心理健康。确定一个物种的理想动物园饮食仍然具有挑战性，需要评估动物对饮食的反应，以建立最佳实践，包括对行为的任何影响。本文研究了5只雌性长颈鹿（Giraffe camelopardalis）对4种树种（柳、柳和柳）的觅食行为反应。山楂，山楂；榛子，榛木；橡树，栎树)。本研究旨在评估浏览物种对长颈鹿活动的影响，并确定哪些物种与关键福利指标的表现最相关。考虑到这个物种适应在多刺的树上觅食，我们预测山楂对长颈鹿行为的影响最大。在2021年和2022年的春季和夏季，在马维尔动物园对单个长颈鹿进行了集中抽样，对每种浏览物种进行了相同的重复。研究人员对长颈鹿进行了一个小时的浏览观察，然后在30分钟的暂停后再观察一个小时，以量化浏览后的行为。结果表明，柳树增加了总体的浏览时间，而橡树则延长了与初始浏览树枝的相互作用。柳树促进树皮剥落和咬伤次数最高，而橡树和柳树增加了反刍时间。与预期相反，山楂的防御物多刺，并没有显著延长人们的浏览或反刍时间。社会环境也会影响长颈鹿的浏览行为，当长颈鹿与其他物种一起浏览时，浏览活动会增加。通过对一个动物园的四种树种的案例研究，我们的结果显示了测量和评估动物的选择和偏好（关于它们与畜牧业的参与）对于支持护理和福利的最佳实践方法的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Clinical relevance of rectal temperature measurement in cats showing marked signs of stress during routine veterinary examinations 猫直肠温度测量的临床意义在常规兽医检查中表现出明显的压力迹象

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2025.05.002

Claudel Bigras-Fontaine, Isabelle Bazin , Marion Desmarchelier

Rectal temperature is a vital sign commonly measured during veterinary examinations. This procedure is known to be a major source of stress especially for cats. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical relevance of rectal temperature measurement in healthy cats with signs of marked stress during a routine veterinary appointment. We hypothesized that since higher temperatures would be mostly found in cats with moderate to marked signs of stress, veterinarians would not change their clinical approach in these cats. A user-friendly Simplified Feline Stress Scale (SFSS) was developed. Its trial was the main objective of the pilot study (part 1) designed for 100 cats. Data surrounding temperature measurement in cats was documented (value of rectal temperature, time of restraint needed, and various factors related to cats and clinical staff such as age, sex and more) to evaluate potential associations with stress. Then, during a large-scale study (part 2) of 678 cats the previously validated SFSS was performed by clinical staff in 11 veterinary establishments concurrently with temperature measurements. The final portion of the study (part 3) was an online survey completed by veterinarians across the province of Quebec in order to document the reasons a high rectal temperature in a healthy cat might motivate a change of therapeutic plans. This study showed that veterinary appointments were associated with moderate to marked levels of stress in 62% of feline patients. Agreement between clinical staff-assessed and experienced observer-assessed SFSS scores during the temperature measurement was perfect in 74% of cases and even higher when clinical staff had received previous behavioral training. The majority of calm cats with low signs of stress were under 6 months of age. No change in the therapeutic plan was deemed necessary in stressed cats with an abnormal temperature if they were healthy. According to the online survey, 80% of veterinarians would not modify their treatment plan in such situations. The results of this study suggest that rectal temperature measurement in healthy cats during routine examination is not necessary and could be avoided in highly stressed feline patients.

直肠温度是兽医检查时经常测量的生命体征。这个过程被认为是压力的主要来源，尤其是对猫来说。本研究的目的是评估在常规兽医预约期间有明显压力迹象的健康猫的直肠温度测量的临床相关性。我们假设，由于较高的体温大多出现在有中度到明显压力迹象的猫身上，兽医不会改变对这些猫的临床治疗方法。开发了一种用户友好的简化猫应激量表（SFSS）。它的试验是为100只猫设计的试点研究（第一部分）的主要目标。记录了猫的温度测量数据（直肠温度值、约束时间，以及与猫和临床工作人员相关的各种因素，如年龄、性别等），以评估与压力的潜在关联。然后，在对678只猫的大规模研究（第2部分）中，由11家兽医机构的临床工作人员在进行温度测量的同时进行了先前验证的SFSS。研究的最后一部分（第3部分）是由魁北克省的兽医完成的一项在线调查，目的是记录健康猫的高直肠温度可能促使改变治疗计划的原因。这项研究表明，62%的猫科动物患者接受兽医治疗与中度至显著的压力水平有关。在74%的病例中，临床工作人员评估的SFSS评分与经验丰富的观察者评估的SFSS评分之间的一致性是完美的，当临床工作人员之前接受过行为培训时，这一比例甚至更高。大多数表现出低压力迹象的平静猫都在6个月以下。对于体温异常的应激猫，如果它们是健康的，则不需要改变治疗计划。根据在线调查，在这种情况下，80%的兽医不会修改他们的治疗计划。本研究结果表明，在常规检查中，健康猫的直肠温度测量是不必要的，对于高度紧张的猫患者可以避免测量。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of maternal hierarchical position on offspring rank acquisition: The case of captive collared peccaries (Dicotyles tajacu) 母系等级地位对子代等级获得的影响——以圈养种为例

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2025.05.003

Thaís Dias Mendonça , Dhiordan Deon Costa Lovestain , Robert John Young , Cristiano Schetini de Azevedo

Numerous factors, such as sex, age, access to food resources, and kinship, influence the social dynamics of animals. Social position affects behavior, physiology, and reproductive outcomes in highly social mammalian species like collared peccaries (Dicotyles tajacu). Maternal position is an important determinant of social status, which is often heritable. This study aimed to assess the influence of maternal rank on the hierarchical rank of captive collared peccary offspring using social network analysis. By examining aggressive and affiliative interaction data, we generated hierarchies using David's Score and calculated social network indices (centrality, strength, and affinity) to identify individuals' roles in social stability. These analyses were performed with the SOCPROG program. Findings indicated that maternal rank did not significantly affect offspring rank. However, mothers demonstrated higher association index values compared to their offspring. We concluded that the peccary hierarchy is predominantly established through maternal associations rather than offspring interactions, suggesting that offspring rank positions may result from adults' high tolerance towards young individuals.

许多因素，如性别、年龄、获得食物资源和亲属关系，影响着动物的社会动态。社会地位影响行为、生理和繁殖结果在高度社会化的哺乳动物物种，如项圈鱼（双子叶tajacu）。母亲的地位是社会地位的重要决定因素，通常是遗传的。本研究旨在利用社会网络分析方法，评估母代等级对圈养有圈斑胸猴后代等级等级的影响。通过研究攻击性和亲和性互动数据，我们使用大卫分数生成了等级，并计算了社会网络指数（中心性、强度和亲和力），以确定个人在社会稳定中的作用。这些分析是用SOCPROG程序进行的。结果表明，母系等级对子代等级无显著影响。然而，与后代相比，母亲表现出更高的关联指数值。我们的结论是，金钱等级主要是通过母亲的联系而不是后代的相互作用建立起来的，这表明后代的等级位置可能是由于成年动物对年轻个体的高度耐受性。

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引用次数: 0

Multimodal assessment of Hericium erinaceus and Valeriana officinalis for canine anxiety: Integrating EEG, neurochemical analysis, and behavioral surveys 猴头草和缬草对犬类焦虑的多模式评估：整合脑电图、神经化学分析和行为调查

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2025.04.010

Cagin Cevik , Alev Meltem Ercan , Mehmet Erman Or

Anxiety in domestic dogs is characterized by signs which may include persistent fear, excessive roaming, and hyperactivity, and which can compromise their well-being. Natural alternatives like Valerian root (Valeriana officinalis, VO) and Lion’s mane mushroom (Hericium erinaceus, HE) have been proposed to modulate anxiety. This open-label, uncontrolled trial—without a placebo—evaluated the potential anxiolytic effects of these extracts in 20 mixed-breed dogs exhibiting clinically relevant anxiety, as determined by owner-completed behavioral questionnaires. Dogs were assigned equally to two groups (VO and HE, n = 10 each) and received a daily dose of 1000 mg per 10 kg body weight over a 4-week period. Assessments included EEG recordings from frontal, temporal, and central brain regions (analyzing delta, theta, alpha, and beta frequency bands), neurochemical analyses of serotonin, dopamine, and cortisol, and standardized behavioral surveys conducted at baseline and after treatment. The results indicated modest improvements in certain owner-reported behaviors, particularly reductions in fear and roaming. Within-group analysis showed statistically significant improvement in 4 behavioral signs in the VO group and 2 signs in the HE group out of the 15 assessed. However, no statistically significant differences were found between the groups, indicating comparable behavioral outcomes across treatments. EEG analysis revealed that HE treatment was associated with reductions in theta and select alpha power in frontal and temporal regions, while VO exhibited less pronounced effects. Neurochemical findings suggested that HE may reduce plasma serotonin levels and VO may decrease dopamine levels. Both treatments were well tolerated, with no adverse events observed. Although these preliminary findings suggest that VO and HE extracts might modulate neurophysiological and neurochemical markers related to anxiety in dogs, further controlled studies are needed to establish clinical relevance.

家养狗的焦虑表现为持续的恐惧、过度的漫游和过度活跃，这可能会损害它们的健康。人们提出缬草根（Valeriana officinalis， VO）和狮鬃菇（Hericium erinaceus， HE）等天然替代品可以调节焦虑。这项开放标签、不受控制的试验——没有安慰剂——评估了这些提取物在20只表现出临床相关焦虑的混合品种狗身上的潜在抗焦虑作用，由主人完成的行为问卷确定。将狗平均分为两组（VO组和HE组，每组n = 10），并在4周内每天接受每10 kg体重1000 mg的剂量。评估包括额叶、颞叶和中央脑区的脑电图记录（分析δ、θ、α和β频段），血清素、多巴胺和皮质醇的神经化学分析，以及基线和治疗后进行的标准化行为调查。结果表明，在某些主人报告的行为上有了适度的改善，尤其是恐惧和漫游的减少。组内分析显示，在15个评估对象中，VO组有4个行为体征改善，HE组有2个行为体征改善。然而，两组之间没有发现统计学上的显著差异，表明不同治疗的行为结果具有可比性。脑电图分析显示，HE治疗与额叶和颞叶区域的θ和选择性α功率降低有关，而VO表现出不太明显的影响。神经化学结果表明HE可能降低血浆血清素水平，VO可能降低多巴胺水平。两种治疗均耐受良好，未观察到不良事件。虽然这些初步研究结果表明，VO和HE提取物可能调节与狗焦虑相关的神经生理和神经化学标志物，但需要进一步的对照研究来确定其临床相关性。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a questionnaire for early detection of behavioural disorders in dogs 为早期发现狗的行为障碍而编制问卷

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2025.05.001

Océane Richard , Emmanuel Gaultier , Jérémy Lesueur

In France, the number of dog relinquishments increases every year. Behavioural issues are one of the most common reasons, along with personal problems and financial difficulties faced by owners. Although animal welfare is a growing concern for them, many misunderstandings and mistakes are made, leading to behavioural problems in their pets. Veterinarians are often contacted too late, as a last resort. A questionnaire consisting of 56 questions (in paper or online version) has therefore been created to help veterinarians detect behavioural issues in dogs early. It had to be sufficiently short but also exhaustive to be efficient to detect a behavioural problem during a preventive medicine consultation. 290 responses were collected. Among the respondents, some dogs were consulted by one of the participating veterinary behaviourists. These dogs were then categorized into 4 groups: fearful, impulsive, stable or with absence-related problems. A statistical study using Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis, Variable importance in Projection Scores and Receiver Operating Characteristic was conducted. 20 questions were selected for the final questionnaire. The misclassification rate is 30% for the entire model, with a rate of only 5.3% for stable dogs. A scoring system was proposed to provide values for each category and appears consistent with the tested dogs. To our knowledge, this is the first questionnaire allowing practitioners to detect behavioural issues early. The aim is not to diagnose a disease but to alert the client to a potential behavioural problem, and this objective seems to have been achieved. Further validation of the scoring would be necessary afterward.

在法国，遗弃狗的数量每年都在增加。行为问题是最常见的原因之一，此外还有个人问题和业主面临的经济困难。尽管他们越来越关注动物福利，但还是有很多误解和错误，导致他们的宠物出现行为问题。作为最后的手段，联系兽医往往为时已晚。因此，一份由56个问题组成的问卷（纸质或在线版本）被制作出来，以帮助兽医及早发现狗的行为问题。它必须足够短，但也要详尽，以便在预防医学咨询期间有效地发现行为问题。收集了290份回复。在受访者中，一些狗接受了参与兽医行为学家的咨询。然后，这些狗被分为4组：恐惧、冲动、稳定或有缺勤相关问题。利用偏最小二乘判别分析、投影评分的变量重要性和接受者工作特征进行了统计研究。最终问卷选择了20个问题。整个模型的错误分类率为30%，而稳定犬的错误分类率仅为5.3%。提出了一个评分系统，为每个类别提供值，并与测试犬一致。据我们所知，这是第一个允许从业者早期发现行为问题的问卷。目的不是诊断疾病，而是提醒客户注意潜在的行为问题，这一目标似乎已经实现。之后需要进一步验证得分。

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引用次数: 0

Quantifying the cumulative impact of use in teaching and research: An initial assessment of an objective tool developed to safeguard working horse welfare in a university setting 量化在教学和研究中使用的累积影响：对为保障大学环境中工作马匹福利而开发的客观工具的初步评估

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2025.05.006

Lindsay Skyner , Skye Wassens , Anna Dennis , Hayley Randle

Universities offering veterinary and equine science education typically keep horses to support teaching and research activities. The Australian Code requires approval of horse use by an independent Animal Ethics Committee and that cumulative use over an individual’s working lifetime is considered to safeguard wellbeing. Following concerns about individual horse welfare a multidisciplinary group of horse users at Charles Sturt University co-developed a Standard Operating Procedure that would allow impacts to be monitored using a points-based system. Work activities were categorised from minimal (1 point, e.g., being observed in the paddock) to major intervention (5 points allocated, e.g., general anaesthesia). On accruing 60 points (adults) or 40 points (<1-year olds) a six-week break was to be mandated. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of cumulative use monitoring on the frequency and distribution of horse use in an educational institution and resulting welfare. Data comprised 12,281 interactions-with-humans experienced by 139 horses between 2019 and 2023, 74% of which related to work (54% teaching, 20% research). Work-related use increased significantly between 2019 and 2022 (t =72.47, P <0.001). The introduction of the Standard Operating Procedure in 2023 led to a meaningful decrease in the frequency of horse use, clear demarcation of involvement in teaching and research work and provision of appropriately timed six-week breaks during the academic year. A proactive approach to monitoring and managing the cumulative impact of horse use is critical to safeguarding welfare and maintaining public trust in the educational institution’s ability to protect its animals from harm.

提供兽医和马科学教育的大学通常会养马以支持教学和研究活动。《澳大利亚法典》要求独立的动物伦理委员会批准使用马匹，并且在个人的工作生涯中累积使用马匹被认为是为了保障健康。考虑到对个体马匹福利的担忧，查尔斯特大学的一个多学科的马匹使用者小组共同制定了一个标准操作程序，该程序将允许使用基于积分的系统来监测影响。工作活动从最小（1分，例如在围场观察）到主要干预（5分，例如全身麻醉）进行分类。如果累积了60分（成人）或40分（1岁儿童），就必须休息6周。本研究的目的是评估累积使用监测对教育机构马的使用频率和分布以及由此产生的福利的影响。数据包括139匹马在2019年至2023年期间与人类进行的12281次互动，其中74%与工作有关（54%教学，20%研究）。与工作相关的使用在2019年至2022年间显著增加（t =72.47, P <0.001）。2023年引入的标准操作程序大大减少了使用马匹的频率，明确了参与教学和研究工作的界限，并在学年中提供了适当的六周休息时间。积极主动地监测和管理使用马匹的累积影响，对于保障福利和维持公众对教育机构保护动物免受伤害能力的信任至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of gabapentin use on the behavior and laboratory test results of healthy cats 加巴喷丁对健康猫行为和实验室测试结果的影响

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2025.07.003

Kirian R. Franck , Mariana Ulanin , Tayná Veronezi , Izadora Zardo , Adriana Golçalves Spiering , Luciana Nunes , Fernanda VA da Costa

Despite the growing global popularity of cats, many owners remain reluctant to take them to the veterinarian. This hesitation may partly stem from the stress associated with transportation and the veterinary visit itself. Stress can affect both physical examinations and laboratory test results in feline patients. The use of gabapentin prior to veterinary appointments has become increasingly common as a method to reduce anxiety. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a single oral dose of 100 mg of gabapentin, administered 90 minutes before a veterinary visit, on the behavior and laboratory test results of healthy cats. The study included 40 healthy cats, divided into two groups: one received gabapentin, and the other received a placebo. Cats in both groups were evaluated using the Cat Stress Score (CSS), an observational scale ranging from 1 to 7. Clinical parameters were measured, and blood samples were collected to assess blood glucose, serum potassium, and lactate levels. Each cat underwent two evaluations, spaced two weeks apart. A statistically significant difference in lymphocyte count was observed between the two groups. However, no stress-related leukocytosis, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, or elevated lactate levels were detected in any of the cats, regardless of gabapentin use. The findings suggest that gabapentin had no significant effect on CSS scores. It is possible that the implementation of cat-friendly handling techniques during the study helped minimize stress, potentially masking any effects of the medication.

尽管猫在全球越来越受欢迎，但许多主人仍然不愿意带它们去看兽医。这种犹豫可能部分源于交通和兽医访问本身带来的压力。压力会影响猫病人的身体检查和实验室测试结果。在兽医预约之前使用加巴喷丁作为一种减少焦虑的方法已经越来越普遍。本研究旨在评估在兽医就诊前90 分钟口服100 毫克加巴喷丁对健康猫的行为和实验室测试结果的影响。这项研究包括40只健康的猫，分为两组：一组服用加巴喷丁，另一组服用安慰剂。使用猫压力评分（CSS）对两组猫进行评估，这是一个从1到7的观察量表。测量临床参数，采集血样评估血糖、血清钾和乳酸水平。每只猫接受两次评估，间隔两周。两组患者淋巴细胞计数差异有统计学意义。然而，无论加巴喷丁使用与否，在任何猫身上都没有检测到与应激相关的白细胞增生、高血糖、低钾血症或乳酸水平升高。结果提示加巴喷丁对CSS评分无显著影响。在研究过程中实施对猫友好的处理技术可能有助于减少压力，潜在地掩盖药物的任何影响。

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引用次数: 0

2D vocal expressive space of cats following a short isolation period 短时间隔离后猫的二维声音表达空间

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2025.04.009

Pablo Vidal-Franco

A sample of cats was recorded following a mild stress experiment. After a brief isolation period, the cats were reunited with their caretaker, and their recordings were analyzed. Principal component analysis (PCA) and t-distributed stochastic neighbour embedding (t-SNE) were used to reduce the high dimensionality of their vocalizations to two and analyzed using a battery of three different clustering algorithms: Affinity Propagation, MeanShift and HDBSCAN. Every clustering algorithm showed similar results; however, to identify overrepresented clusters, the sizes of each cluster set were tested for uniformity with a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. This test revealed that the cluster sizes analyzed by HDBSCAN were not uniform and some values stood out more than others. A z-score test was conducted to determine which cluster was the most overrepresented and this was followed by a Chi-Square test to find the rest of overrepresented clusters. Visual inspection of the spectrograms shows that a change in frequency follows a predetermined path in the t-SNE plot, highlighting a gradient and a polarisation in their vocalizations. One extreme exhibited visible harmonics, which progressively diminished as it approached the opposite region, with vocalizations that work over broader, noisier, bandwidth with sparser harmonics (purrs). The number of vocalizations and their length were tested with a Kruskal-Wallis test and a one-way ANOVA, respectively, both of which found statistical significance. This analysis was followed by post-hoc tests, which verified significant differences among the tested cats in the number of vocalizations and their duration.

在轻度应激实验后，记录了一组猫的样本。在短暂的隔离期后，这些猫与它们的看护人团聚，并对它们的录音进行了分析。使用主成分分析（PCA）和t分布随机邻居嵌入（t-SNE）将其发声的高维数降至2维，并使用三种不同的聚类算法：Affinity Propagation， MeanShift和HDBSCAN进行分析。每种聚类算法的聚类结果相似；然而，为了识别过度代表的集群，每个集群集的大小用Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验一致性。该测试表明，HDBSCAN分析的簇大小并不均匀，有些值比其他值更突出。进行z-score检验以确定哪个集群是最过度代表的，然后进行卡方检验以找到剩余的过度代表的集群。对谱图的目视检查表明，频率的变化遵循t-SNE图中的预定路径，突出了它们发声的梯度和极化。一个极端表现出可见的谐波，当它接近相反的区域时，谐波逐渐减弱，发声在更宽、更嘈杂的带宽上工作，谐波更少（咕噜声）。分别用Kruskal-Wallis检验和单因素方差分析对发声次数和长度进行检验，两者均有统计学意义。这一分析之后进行了事后测试，证实了被测试猫在发声次数和持续时间上的显著差异。

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引用次数: 0

Euthanasia and prolonged grief: A cross-sectional study with bereaved pet owners 安乐死与长期悲伤：对宠物主人的横断面研究

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Journal of Veterinary Behavior-clinical Applications and Research

Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2025.04.007

Maria Vera Silva , Ricardo R. Santos , Miguel Barbosa

The grief experienced from the loss of a pet involves a complex and unique emotional journey. The act of euthanizing a pet can significantly influence how owners navigate this grieving process. This study aims to assess the association of euthanasia and the grieving process of individuals mourning the loss of a pet. A total of 123 pet owners (79.3% female) who had experienced the loss of a pet completed the Pet Bereavement Questionnaire, the Persistent Complex Bereavement Inventory, and a set of questions regarding the circumstances surrounding their loss. Significant positive correlations were found between the intensity of grief reactions and several variables: owner’s age, feelings of exclusion from the euthanasia decision by the veterinarian, regret over the decision to euthanize prematurely, and guilt associated with that decision. Conversely, statistically significant negative correlations were found between grief intensity and the time elapsed since pet’s death, as well as between guilt and the perception that the veterinary team responded to the emotional needs of the owners. Female owners reported higher average levels of grief intensity and prolonged grief. Owners of euthanized pets experienced lower levels of guilt, but more grief compared to those whose pets were not euthanized. The study identifies associations between euthanasia and complex emotional outcomes for pet owners. The emotional response to pet loss is associated to various factors, including the degree of involvement in the euthanasia decision and the perceived support from veterinary professionals. These findings emphasize the need for sensitive and supportive approaches in veterinary care to help pet owners navigate the grieving process effectively.

失去宠物所经历的悲伤包括一个复杂而独特的情感旅程。对宠物实施安乐死的行为会显著影响主人如何度过这个悲伤的过程。这项研究的目的是评估安乐死和个人哀悼失去宠物的悲伤过程的关系。共有123名失去宠物的宠物主人（79.3%为女性）完成了“宠物丧亲问卷”、“持续性复杂丧亲问卷”和一系列关于他们失去宠物的情况的问题。研究发现，悲伤反应的强度与以下几个变量之间存在显著的正相关关系：主人的年龄、被兽医排除在安乐死决定之外的感觉、对过早安乐死决定的后悔，以及与该决定相关的内疚感。相反，从统计上看，悲伤强度与宠物死亡后的时间流逝之间存在显著的负相关，内疚与兽医团队对主人情感需求的反应之间也存在显著的负相关。女性主人报告的平均悲伤强度和悲伤持续时间更高。与那些宠物没有被安乐死的人相比，被安乐死宠物的主人有更低的负罪感，但更多的悲伤。这项研究确定了安乐死与宠物主人复杂的情感结果之间的联系。失去宠物的情绪反应与各种因素有关，包括参与安乐死决定的程度和兽医专业人员的支持。这些发现强调了兽医护理需要敏感和支持的方法来帮助宠物主人有效地度过悲伤的过程。

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引用次数: 0