Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is basically associated with disturbances of cholinesterase metabolism which result in acetylcholine deficiency. Target of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors used in symptomatic therapy of disease is to increase of ACh levels. Consequently, cholinesterase inhibitors were developed to increase acetylcholine is to inhibit AChE and butrylcholinesterase (BuChE). Studies demonstrate the clinical importance of dual inhibitors that inhibit not only the acetylcholinesterase enzyme but also the butyrylcholinesterase enzyme. In recent years, benzimidazoles have attracted particular interest owing to their anticolinesterase activity. In this manner, we have synthesized benzimidazole and morpholine including compounds (2a-i). Final compounds were achieved with the reaction of (benzimidazol-2-yl) methyl morpholine-4-carbodithioate and α-bromoacetophenone derivatives in acetone at room temperature with stirring. Inhibition effects of novel morpholine dithiocarbamates (2a-i) were tested on AChE and BuChE. Compound 2d demonstrated dual inhibitory activity on AChE and BuChE (78±1,56, 70,71±1,53, respectively), with the lowest cytotoxicity to normal cell line.
{"title":"Screening of new morpholine dithiocarbamate derivatives bearing benzimidazole moiety for anticholinesterase potential","authors":"H. Temel, Gülşen Akalın Çiftçi, L. Yurttaş","doi":"10.55971/ejls.1328405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55971/ejls.1328405","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is basically associated with disturbances of cholinesterase metabolism which result in acetylcholine deficiency. Target of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors used in symptomatic therapy of disease is to increase of ACh levels. Consequently, cholinesterase inhibitors were developed to increase acetylcholine is to inhibit AChE and butrylcholinesterase (BuChE). Studies demonstrate the clinical importance of dual inhibitors that inhibit not only the acetylcholinesterase enzyme but also the butyrylcholinesterase enzyme.\u0000\u0000In recent years, benzimidazoles have attracted particular interest owing to their anticolinesterase activity. In this manner, we have synthesized benzimidazole and morpholine including compounds (2a-i). Final compounds were achieved with the reaction of (benzimidazol-2-yl) methyl morpholine-4-carbodithioate and α-bromoacetophenone derivatives in acetone at room temperature with stirring. Inhibition effects of novel morpholine dithiocarbamates (2a-i) were tested on AChE and BuChE. Compound 2d demonstrated dual inhibitory activity on AChE and BuChE (78±1,56, 70,71±1,53, respectively), with the lowest cytotoxicity to normal cell line.","PeriodicalId":176179,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126934650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
More than half of those who succumb to cancer each year also lose their battle with the disease, making cancer a leading cause of death worldwide. After surgery, hormonal therapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which are preferred in cancer management, immunotherapy has revolutionized. In this mini-review, we cover the various immunotherapeutic approaches used in contemporary cancer immunotherapies. These are immune checkpoint blockade, an attemp planned to ‘unleash’ robust T cell responses, and adaptive cellular therapies connected on the infusion of tumor-struggling immune cells into the body. One of these attemps, Nivolumab, became the first ICI to be approved to treat lung cancer in 2014. To date, different ICIs, such as pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, and durvalumab, have been in a row introduced into clinical medicine and have shown significant effect. Therefore, in this mini-review, we present some emerging goals and attemps in cancer immunotherapy.
{"title":"The role of immunotherapy in lung cancer: Actual scenery","authors":"Ipek Ertorun, Aydan Huseynli, Sevinc Nursena Ertekın, Gülşen Akalın Çiftçi","doi":"10.55971/ejls.1267898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55971/ejls.1267898","url":null,"abstract":"More than half of those who succumb to cancer each year also lose their battle with the disease, making cancer a leading cause of death worldwide. After surgery, hormonal therapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which are preferred in cancer management, immunotherapy has revolutionized. In this mini-review, we cover the various immunotherapeutic approaches used in contemporary cancer immunotherapies. These are immune checkpoint blockade, an attemp planned to ‘unleash’ robust T cell responses, and adaptive cellular therapies connected on the infusion of tumor-struggling immune cells into the body. One of these attemps, Nivolumab, became the first ICI to be approved to treat lung cancer in 2014. To date, different ICIs, such as pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, and durvalumab, have been in a row introduced into clinical medicine and have shown significant effect. Therefore, in this mini-review, we present some emerging goals and attemps in cancer immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":176179,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116858201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Colostrum milk has been used as a source for isolating many probiotic bacteria since it contains many helpful probiotic microorganisms. Because of the huge microorganism diversity and functionality of colostrum, there is opportunity to isolate bacteria and analyze their probiotic potential. Comparing the diversity of probiotic bacteria in milk from postpartum periods is also crucial. In the current study, Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) cultures were isolated from cow colostrum milk. The 28 cultures were isolated, but only 2 were characterized as LAB by their colony and molecular characterization, Gram nature, catalase, antibiotics, and pepsin tolerance. As a result of molecular identification tests, the isolates were identified as Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus paracasei with 99-100% homology. These two isolates could survive in the presence of gastric and intestinal conditions. These isolates also showed antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The results demonstrated that LAB species isolated from colostrum milk exhibited promising probiotic properties and seemed favorable for use in pharmaceuticals and foods.
{"title":"Determination of potential probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from colostrum milk","authors":"P. Soyer, Melek Tekgöz, Y. Tunalı","doi":"10.55971/ejls.1263343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55971/ejls.1263343","url":null,"abstract":"Colostrum milk has been used as a source for isolating many probiotic bacteria since it contains many helpful probiotic microorganisms. Because of the huge microorganism diversity and functionality of colostrum, there is opportunity to isolate bacteria and analyze their probiotic potential. Comparing the diversity of probiotic bacteria in milk from postpartum periods is also crucial. In the current study, Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) cultures were isolated from cow colostrum milk. The 28 cultures were isolated, but only 2 were characterized as LAB by their colony and molecular characterization, Gram nature, catalase, antibiotics, and pepsin tolerance. As a result of molecular identification tests, the isolates were identified as Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus paracasei with 99-100% homology. These two isolates could survive in the presence of gastric and intestinal conditions. These isolates also showed antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The results demonstrated that LAB species isolated from colostrum milk exhibited promising probiotic properties and seemed favorable for use in pharmaceuticals and foods.","PeriodicalId":176179,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"391 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126746390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are preventable medication errors that can cause severe adverse effects for patients, which often involve more than one mechanism. Healthcare practitioners, especially community pharmacists, must know and manage potentially significant DDIs to provide patient safety. This paper mainly aims to determine the knowledge level of community pharmacists about DDIs and to evaluate the behavior of community pharmacists in detecting DDIs. For this aim, a face-to-face questionnaire, including a knowledge assessment test containing 20 drug pairs and ten behavior statements related to detecting DDIs, was applied to community pharmacists. Seventy-three pharmacists participated in the study. The study’s findings show that the knowledge level of community pharmacists, who are the closest health consultants, about DDIs is relatively low. In addition, responses were found to be moderate in detecting drug interactions.Although statistically significant and positive effects of vocational training on the knowledge level and behaviors of pharmacists were determined, it was revealed that education levels did not have a significant effect. In this regard, it is essential to improve community pharmacists’ DDI knowledge level through vocational training programs and encourage their interaction-detecting behavior to improve patient outcomes and patient safety.
{"title":"Knowledge and behavior of community pharmacists towards detecting drug-drug interactions","authors":"F. Oğuz, M. Arslan","doi":"10.55971/ejls.1266042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55971/ejls.1266042","url":null,"abstract":"Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are preventable medication errors that can cause severe adverse effects for patients, which often involve more than one mechanism. Healthcare practitioners, especially community pharmacists, must know and manage potentially significant DDIs to provide patient safety.\u0000This paper mainly aims to determine the knowledge level of community pharmacists about DDIs and to evaluate the behavior of community pharmacists in detecting DDIs. For this aim, a face-to-face questionnaire, including a knowledge assessment test containing 20 drug pairs and ten behavior statements related to detecting DDIs, was applied to community pharmacists.\u0000Seventy-three pharmacists participated in the study. The study’s findings show that the knowledge level of community pharmacists, who are the closest health consultants, about DDIs is relatively low. In addition, responses were found to be moderate in detecting drug interactions.Although statistically significant and positive effects of vocational training on the knowledge level and behaviors of pharmacists were determined, it was revealed that education levels did not have a significant effect.\u0000In this regard, it is essential to improve community pharmacists’ DDI knowledge level through vocational training programs and encourage their interaction-detecting behavior to improve patient outcomes and patient safety.","PeriodicalId":176179,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121521319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Derya Osmaniye, Uğur Kayış, Ü. Gül, Y. Özkay, Z. Kaplancıklı
Resistance to existing drugs develops because of insensible use of antibacterial and antifungal drugs. Therefore, there is a need for the development of new drug candidate compounds. The thiazole ring has many biological activities. It is possible to include antibacterial and antifungal activities among these activities. In addition to these, the thiazole ring has been preferred because it is the bioisostere of the imidazole ring in the structure of many antifungal drugs. For this purpose, within the scope of this study, 7 new thiazole compounds were synthesized, and their structure determinations were carried out using HRMS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR spectroscopic methods. Their antibacterial and antifungal activities were investigated by in vitro methods. As a result of activity tests, compound 3e showed activity against C.krusei strain with MIC50=31.25 ug/mL. The potential effectiveness of the compound 3e on the 14alpha-demethylase enzyme (PDB ID:3LD6) was tested by in silico studies.
{"title":"Synthesis, biological activity evaluation and molecular docking studies of novel thiazole derivatives","authors":"Derya Osmaniye, Uğur Kayış, Ü. Gül, Y. Özkay, Z. Kaplancıklı","doi":"10.55971/ejls.1270394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55971/ejls.1270394","url":null,"abstract":"Resistance to existing drugs develops because of insensible use of antibacterial and antifungal drugs. Therefore, there is a need for the development of new drug candidate compounds. The thiazole ring has many biological activities. It is possible to include antibacterial and antifungal activities among these activities. In addition to these, the thiazole ring has been preferred because it is the bioisostere of the imidazole ring in the structure of many antifungal drugs. For this purpose, within the scope of this study, 7 new thiazole compounds were synthesized, and their structure determinations were carried out using HRMS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR spectroscopic methods. Their antibacterial and antifungal activities were investigated by in vitro methods. As a result of activity tests, compound 3e showed activity against C.krusei strain with MIC50=31.25 ug/mL. The potential effectiveness of the compound 3e on the 14alpha-demethylase enzyme (PDB ID:3LD6) was tested by in silico studies.","PeriodicalId":176179,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115541848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used to treat gastric acid-related diseases worldwide and in our country. The high reliability of PPIs also allows long-term use for appropriate indications in chronic diseases, which increases the possibility of drug-drug interactions. Therefore, it is clear that the usage of PPIs should be monitored in terms of drug-drug interactions to provide drug treatment success and patient safety. The ability of pharmacists, the closest health consultants, to identify these interactions during prescription fulfillment will significantly contribute to treatment success. Although many studies deal with the rational use of PPIs and drug interactions, the number of studies revealing observational drug interactions is minimal. This research aims to determine drug-drug interactions frequently encountered in community pharmacies for PPIs, which interact with many drug groups and are commonly prescribed. For this purpose, approximately 1700 prescriptions supplied by a selected community pharmacy, serving in Van, were examined. One hundred sixty-four of the prescriptions were evaluated by considering the study’s limitations. Drug-drug interactions were checked by three different electronic database. It was determined that 73 of 164 prescriptions had interactions in at least one of the three databases. In 73 prescriptions, 86 drug interactions were observed. 34% of the interactions detected in the study were caused by lansoprazole.
{"title":"An observational study on drug interactions caused by proton pump inhibitors","authors":"Betül Aykut, M. Arslan","doi":"10.55971/ejls.1209405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55971/ejls.1209405","url":null,"abstract":"Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used to treat gastric acid-related diseases worldwide and in our country. The high reliability of PPIs also allows long-term use for appropriate indications in chronic diseases, which increases the possibility of drug-drug interactions. Therefore, it is clear that the usage of PPIs should be monitored in terms of drug-drug interactions to provide drug treatment success and patient safety. The ability of pharmacists, the closest health consultants, to identify these interactions during prescription fulfillment will significantly contribute to treatment success. Although many studies deal with the rational use of PPIs and drug interactions, the number of studies revealing observational drug interactions is minimal. This research aims to determine drug-drug interactions frequently encountered in community pharmacies for PPIs, which interact with many drug groups and are commonly prescribed. For this purpose, approximately 1700 prescriptions supplied by a selected community pharmacy, serving in Van, were examined. One hundred sixty-four of the prescriptions were evaluated by considering the study’s limitations. Drug-drug interactions were checked by three different electronic database. It was determined that 73 of 164 prescriptions had interactions in at least one of the three databases. In 73 prescriptions, 86 drug interactions were observed. 34% of the interactions detected in the study were caused by lansoprazole.","PeriodicalId":176179,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120957309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Today, chemotherapeutic agents are mostly used to fight cancer in clinics. But even though they have selectivity for cancer cells, their mechanism of action could result in necrosis. Therefore, we aimed to suggest new design strategies using a moderately active compound (MAC) to get better activity and increase the apoptotic effect in this study. Although MAC, previously synthesized and evaluated for its anticancer properties, has been marked as a moderately active compound, it has let us develop new molecules using its molecular core supported by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. The caspase-3 enzyme was subjected to density functional theory (DFT), docking, and molecular dynamics simulation studies, and the results were analyzed to better understand the structure-activity relationship (SAR); thus, new design strategies were proposed.
{"title":"Focusing on the moderately active compound (MAC) in the design and development of strategies to optimize the apoptotic effect by molecular mechanics techniques","authors":"A. Evren, Demokrat Nuha, L. Yurttaş","doi":"10.55971/ejls.1209591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55971/ejls.1209591","url":null,"abstract":"Today, chemotherapeutic agents are mostly used to fight cancer in clinics. But even though they have selectivity for cancer cells, their mechanism of action could result in necrosis. Therefore, we aimed to suggest new design strategies using a moderately active compound (MAC) to get better activity and increase the apoptotic effect in this study. Although MAC, previously synthesized and evaluated for its anticancer properties, has been marked as a moderately active compound, it has let us develop new molecules using its molecular core supported by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. The caspase-3 enzyme was subjected to density functional theory (DFT), docking, and molecular dynamics simulation studies, and the results were analyzed to better understand the structure-activity relationship (SAR); thus, new design strategies were proposed.","PeriodicalId":176179,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130410461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Berna Kaval, Fatma Şen, Kemal Kaya Batmaz, Meliha Ekinci, A. A. Öztürk
Some of the most well-engineered and produced biomaterials are polyesters based on polyglycolic acid (PGA), polylactic acid (PLA), and their copolymers, polylactic acid co-glycolic acid (PLGA). In controlled release systems, PLGA is the most extensively used and popular polymer. Because of its biodegradability, biocompatibility, and favorable release kinetics, but also because of the reliability of protein delivery issues, this synthetic polymer has been found to be very successful. PLGA is approved in various human drug delivery systems by EMA and FDA. In this review, first, PLGA and historical development, usage, physico-chemical structure, drug release properties, degredation specifications, solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability, release properties, types of PLGA will be mentioned. In the last stage of the review, studies conducted in Türkiye are included. In conclusion, we believe that this review is a resource for researchers doing research with PLGA.
{"title":"Latest research about active pharmaceutical ingredient loaded Poly Lactic Acid-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) based drug delivery system in Türkiye","authors":"Berna Kaval, Fatma Şen, Kemal Kaya Batmaz, Meliha Ekinci, A. A. Öztürk","doi":"10.55971/ejls.1197082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55971/ejls.1197082","url":null,"abstract":"Some of the most well-engineered and produced biomaterials are polyesters based on polyglycolic acid (PGA), polylactic acid (PLA), and their copolymers, polylactic acid co-glycolic acid (PLGA). In controlled release systems, PLGA is the most extensively used and popular polymer. Because of its biodegradability, biocompatibility, and favorable release kinetics, but also because of the reliability of protein delivery issues, this synthetic polymer has been found to be very successful. PLGA is approved in various human drug delivery systems by EMA and FDA. In this review, first, PLGA and historical development, usage, physico-chemical structure, drug release properties, degredation specifications, solubility, crystallinity, thermal stability, release properties, types of PLGA will be mentioned. In the last stage of the review, studies conducted in Türkiye are included. In conclusion, we believe that this review is a resource for researchers doing research with PLGA.","PeriodicalId":176179,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115683196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Glaucosciadium cordifolium (Boiss.) Burtt. & Davis, which is a monotypic species naturally grown in Turkey belonging to the Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) family. In this study, the essential oil obtained from G. cordifolium was analyzed and evaluated for its antimicrobial effects. In chemical studies, the analyzes of essential oil compounds obtained from the aerial parts of plants by hydrodistillation were carried out with GC-FID and GC-MS. In total, 23 compounds were identified making up 98.7% of the total volatile constituents. Sabinene (42.1%), α-pinene (17.1%), and α-phellandrene (10.1%) were found as the main constituents in the oil. In antimicrobial studies, the anticandidal and antibacterial effects of essential oils were tested against 14 pathogenic microorganisms according to the standard protocols of the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). It has been determined that essential oils have a very weak inhibitory effect when compared with standard antibacterial agents. MIC values of 1800, 3600 µg/Ml, and higher were determined. In addition, it was determined that it showed inhibitory effects, especially against C. krusei at a concentration of 250 µg/mL, with MIC values ranging from 250 to 2000 µg/mL.
{"title":"Essential oil composition and antimicrobial activity of Glaucosciadium cordifolium (Boiss.) Burtt. & Davis","authors":"N. Saltan, A. Kaya, G. İşcan, B. Demirci","doi":"10.55971/ejls.1215741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55971/ejls.1215741","url":null,"abstract":"Glaucosciadium cordifolium (Boiss.) Burtt. & Davis, which is a monotypic species naturally grown in Turkey belonging to the Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) family. In this study, the essential oil obtained from G. cordifolium was analyzed and evaluated for its antimicrobial effects. In chemical studies, the analyzes of essential oil compounds obtained from the aerial parts of plants by hydrodistillation were carried out with GC-FID and GC-MS. In total, 23 compounds were identified making up 98.7% of the total volatile constituents. Sabinene (42.1%), α-pinene (17.1%), and α-phellandrene (10.1%) were found as the main constituents in the oil.\u0000In antimicrobial studies, the anticandidal and antibacterial effects of essential oils were tested against 14 pathogenic microorganisms according to the standard protocols of the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). It has been determined that essential oils have a very weak inhibitory effect when compared with standard antibacterial agents. MIC values of 1800, 3600 µg/Ml, and higher were determined. In addition, it was determined that it showed inhibitory effects, especially against C. krusei at a concentration of 250 µg/mL, with MIC values ranging from 250 to 2000 µg/mL.","PeriodicalId":176179,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115673496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antibiotic misuse or overuse leads antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic resistant bacteria infections cause significant clinical problem. Recently, antibiotic resistant bacteria numbers have increased, this situation has become a global public health treat. To achieve these problems, development of new antibacterial compounds is still popular among researchers. The focus on natural compounds/plant extracts in combination with antibiotics increase their activities and decrease the doses of antibiotics and their side effects. Despite known as poisonous, Arum italicum Miller is used as food and/or is used for the treatment such ailments as furuncle, eczema, peptic ulcer, wounds, etc. This interesting species was found as anticancer, cytotoxic, apoptotic agent against some human cancers. In the present study, the fractions of A. italicum tuber extract against human pathogens (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Bacillus cereus NRRL B-3711, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538) were evaluated for their antibacterial activities by microdilution method. Each fraction was combined with ciprofloxacin and their synergistic activities were tested by checkerboard method. The MIC (minimum inhibitory concentrations) and FICI (fractional inhibitory concentration indexes) values were calculated. Totally, seven synergic interactions, ten additive interactions, and four indifferent interactions of tested fractions with ciprofloxacin were found.
{"title":"Arum italicum Miller tuber extracts: evaluation of synergistic activities with ciprofloxacin against some pathogens","authors":"H. G. Ağalar, Gözde Öztürk, N. Kirimer","doi":"10.55971/ejls.1148283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55971/ejls.1148283","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic misuse or overuse leads antibiotic resistance. Antibiotic resistant bacteria infections cause significant clinical problem. Recently, antibiotic resistant bacteria numbers have increased, this situation has become a global public health treat. To achieve these problems, development of new antibacterial compounds is still popular among researchers. The focus on natural compounds/plant extracts in combination with antibiotics increase their activities and decrease the doses of antibiotics and their side effects. Despite known as poisonous, Arum italicum Miller is used as food and/or is used for the treatment such ailments as furuncle, eczema, peptic ulcer, wounds, etc. This interesting species was found as anticancer, cytotoxic, apoptotic agent against some human cancers. In the present study, the fractions of A. italicum tuber extract against human pathogens (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Bacillus cereus NRRL B-3711, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538) were evaluated for their antibacterial activities by microdilution method. Each fraction was combined with ciprofloxacin and their synergistic activities were tested by checkerboard method. The MIC (minimum inhibitory concentrations) and FICI (fractional inhibitory concentration indexes) values were calculated. Totally, seven synergic interactions, ten additive interactions, and four indifferent interactions of tested fractions with ciprofloxacin were found.","PeriodicalId":176179,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129103314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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