Journal of Youth and Adolescence最新文献

Despite increasing evidence that discrepancies between parents' and adolescents' perceptions of their relationship contribute to adolescent depression, little is known about how these perceptual gaps evolve across developmental stages of adolescence and how they relate to depression at varying ages. This study addressed that gap by examining how perceptual (in)congruence in parent-adolescent closeness and conflict relates to depressive symptoms across early, middle, and late adolescence. A total of 1893 parent-adolescent dyads participated in this study, including 779 in the early adolescent group (adolescents: Mage = 9.86, SDage = 0.99, 48.8% female; parents: Mage = 38.08, SDage = 5.09, 76.6% mothers), 569 in the middle adolescent group (adolescents: Mage = 12.90, SDage = 0.97, 48.3% female; parents: Mage = 40.73, SDage = 5.22, 70% mothers), and 545 in the late adolescent group (adolescents: Mage = 15.46, SDage = 1.07, 53% female; parents: Mage = 42.66, SDage = 4.48, 69% mothers). Polynomial regression and response surface analyses indicated that adolescents' perceptions, particularly of conflict, were more strongly associated with depressive symptoms than were parents' perceptions. The effects of perceptual (in)congruence also varied by age. In early and middle adolescence, congruently low closeness or high conflict was linked to more severe symptoms, with the highest severity occurring when adolescents perceived the relationship more negatively than parents. In late adolescence, large perceptual gaps, again driven by adolescents' more negative views, were associated with marked increases in depressive symptoms. These findings highlight adolescents' conflict perceptions as the strongest factor related to depressive symptoms and identify late adolescence as the period of greatest vulnerability to perceptual incongruence.

Exposure to peer victimization is often predictive of increased psychosocial problems in adolescents, but parenting has been identified as a critical mitigating factor of these negative effects. Among parenting behaviors, emotion socialization plays a vital role in adolescents' emotional and social development. However, its specific role in the context of peer victimization and adolescent adjustment is unclear. To address this, this study examined whether adolescent-perceived parental responses to children's negative emotions moderate the longitudinal predictive effects of bullying victimization on adolescent psychosocial problems over eight months. The study included 1007 Chinese adolescents with a mean age of 14.75 years (SD = 0.60). Female participants accounted for 53.5% of the sample. The results showed that mothers were perceived to engage more often than fathers in supportive responses, emotion minimization, and didactic talk. Being bullied positively predicted adolescents' internalizing problems when they perceived maternal support as excessively high, but it negatively predicted adolescents' externalizing problems when they perceived maternal support as very low. No significant relationship was found between being bullied and adolescents' problems when maternal support was perceived as moderate. These findings suggest that maternal supportive responses to adolescents' negative emotions moderate the association between bullying victimization and adolescent psychosocial problems and should be considered in prevention and intervention efforts.

Parent‒child perceptual discrepancies can shape children's development, yet their real-time effects and long-term implications remain unclear. Examining 88 Chinese parent-child dyads (M_{age_child} = 8.07, SD = 1.16, 57.95% boys), this study investigated how (in)congruence in perceived closeness relates to real-time dyadic affects, child parasympathetic regulation, assessed between July to October 2021 (T1), and concurrent (T1) and prospective internalizing/externalizing problems, measured one year later (T2). Polynomial regression and response surface analyses revealed that when children perceived greater closeness than their parents did, they exhibited and shared more positive affect with their parents. Incongruence was linked to poorer parasympathetic regulation but lower long-term externalizing problems. Congruence in low closeness was associated with more internalizing/externalizing problems. Findings highlight the immediate physiological costs of incongruence and its potential benefits for children's long-term behavioral adaptation.